F03BMACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS positive-displacement engines for liquid F03C; machines for liquids and gases F01; positive-displacement machines for liquids F04, rotary fluid gearing of the hydrokinetic type F16H41/00Attention is drawn to the notes preceding Class F01, especially as regards the definition of "reaction type".This subclass comprises: engines, other than of positive-displacement type, driven by liquids; machines, other than of positive-displacement type, for liquids.In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme. F03B1/00Non-positive-displacement machines or engines characterised by specified type, e.g. water turbines adaptations of machines or engines for special use F03B13/00; controlling F03B15/00 F03B1/00Engines of impulse type, i.e. turbines with jets of high-velocity liquid impinging on blades or like rotors, e.g. Pelton wheelsParts or details peculiar thereto F03B1/02BucketsBucket-carrying rotors F03B1/04Nozzles in general B05BNozzle-carrying members F03B3/00Machines or engines of reaction typeParts or details peculiar thereto F03B3/02with radial flow at high-pressure side and axial flow at low-pressure side of rotors, e.g. Francis turbines rotors per se F03B3/125 F03B3/04with substantially axial flow throughout rotors, e.g. propeller turbines rotors per se F03B3/126 F03B3/06with adjustable blades, e.g. Kaplan turbines rotors per se F03B3/14 F03B3/08with pressure-velocity transformation exclusively in rotors F03B3/10characterised by having means for functioning alternatively as pumps or turbines starting F03B15/005 F03B3/103the same wheel acting as turbine wheel and as pump wheel F03B3/106the turbine wheel and the pumps wheel being mounted in adjacent positions on the same shaft in a single casing F03B3/12BladesBlade-carrying rotors F03B3/121Blades, their form or construction F03B3/123specially designed as adjustable blades, e.g. for Kaplan-type turbines F03B3/125Rotors for radial flow at high-pressure side and axial flow at low-pressure side, e.g. for Francis-type turbines F03B3/126Rotors for essentially axial flow, e.g. for propeller turbines with adjustable blades F03B3/14 F03B3/128Mounting, demounting F03B3/14Rotors having adjustable blades blade form or construction F03B3/123 F03B3/145Mechanisms for adjusting the blades if the regulation aspect is preponderant, see F03B15/00 and subgroups F03B3/16Stators F03B3/18Stator bladesGuide conduits or vanes, e.g. adjustable conduits in dams or the like F03B13/08; arrangement of valves F03B11/004 F03B3/183Adjustable vanes, e.g. wicket gates F03B3/186Spiral or volute casings F03B5/00Machines or engines characterised by non-bladed rotors, e.g. serrated, using friction F03B7/00Water wheels of swinging flap type F03B17/06 F03B7/003with buckets receiving the liquid F03B7/006of the endless-chain type F03B9/00Endless-chain machines or engines F03B9/005with buckets receiving the liquid F03B11/00Parts or details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the preceding groups controlling F03B15/00, e.g. wear-protection couplings, between turbine and generator F03B11/002Injecting air or other fluid F03D80/40, F03B11/04, F03B15/00 take precedence F03B11/004Valve arrangements F03B3/10 takes precedence; adjustable wicket gates F03B3/183; valves in general F16K F03B11/006Sealing arrangements F03B3/14, F03B3/183, F03B13/083 takes precedence; sealings in general F16J F03B11/008Measuring or testing arrangements in general G01 F03B11/02Casings spiral or volute casings F03B3/186 F03B11/025Covers F03B11/04for diminishing cavitation or vibration, e.g. balancing F03B11/06Bearing arrangements F03B11/063Arrangements for balancing axial thrust F03B11/066in vertical axis machines F03B11/08for removing foreign matter, e.g. mud F03B13/00Adaptations of machines or engines for special useCombinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus if the apparatus aspects are predominant, see the relevant subclasses for such apparatus, e.g. H02K7/18Power stations or aggregates incorporating only machines or engines of positive-displacement type F03C; hydraulic engineering aspects E02B; combinations with wind energy converters F03D9/008 F03B13/02Adaptations for drilling wells F03B13/04Adaptations for use in dentistry for driving tools or the like having relatively small outer diameter, e.g. pipe cleaning tools F03B13/06Stations or aggregates of water-storage type, e.g. comprising a turbine and a pumpturbines characterised by having means for functioning alternatively as pumps F03B3/10 F03B13/08Machine or engine aggregates in dams or the likeConduits therefor , e.g. diffusors bulb groups F03B13/105 F03B13/083The generator rotor being mounted as turbine rotor rim F03B13/086Plants characterised by the use of siphons; their regulation siphon weirs E02B7/18; siphons in general F04F10/00 F03B13/10Submerged units incorporating electric generators or motors F03B13/105Bulb groups F03B13/12characterised by using wave or tide energy F03B13/14using wave energy F03B13/141with a static energy collector F03B13/142which creates an oscillating water column F03B13/144which lifts water above sea level F03B13/145for immediate use in an energy converter F03B13/147for later use F03B13/148using the static pressure increase due to the wave F03B13/16using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem" F03B13/18where the other member, i.e. rem is fixed, at least at one point, with respect to the sea bed or shore F03B13/1805and the wom is hinged to the rem F03B13/181for limited rotation F03B13/1815with an up-and-down movement F03B13/182with a to-and-fro movement F03B13/1825for 360° rotation F03B13/183of a turbine-like wom F03B13/1835of an endless-belt type wom F03B13/184of a water-wheel type wom F03B13/1845and the wom slides relative to the rem F03B13/185not vertically F03B13/1855where the connection between wom and conversion system takes tension and compression F03B13/187, F03B13/1875 take precedence F03B13/186the connection being of the rack-and-pinion type F03B13/1865where the connection between wom and conversion system takes tension only F03B13/187, F03B13/1875 take precedence F03B13/187and the wom directly actuates the piston of a pump F03B13/1875and the wom is the piston or the cylinder in a pump F03B13/188and the wom is flexible or deformable F03B13/1885and the wom is tied to the rem F03B13/189acting directly on the piston of a pump F03B13/1895where the tie is a tension/compression member F03B13/20wherein both members , i.e. wom and rem are movable relative to the sea bed or shore F03B13/22using the flow of water resulting from wave movements to drive a motor or turbine F03B13/144 takes precedence F03B13/24to produce a flow of air, e.g. to drive an air turbine F03B13/142 takes precedence F03B13/26using tide energy F03B13/262using the relative movement between a tide-operated member and another member F03B13/264using the horizontal flow of water resulting from tide movement F03B13/266to compress air F03B13/268making use of a dam F03B15/00Controlling controlling in general G05 ; regulation of plants characterised by the use of siphons F03B13/086 F03B15/005Starting, also of pump-turbines F03B15/02by varying liquid flow F03B15/04of turbines rotors having adjustable blades F03B3/06, F03B3/14; adjustable guide vanes F03B3/18; specially adapted for turbines with jets of high-velocity liquid impinging on bladed or like rotors F03B15/20 F03B15/06Regulating, i.e. acting automatically F03B15/08by speed, e.g. by measuring electric frequency or liquid flow F03B15/10without retroactive action F03B15/12with retroactive action F03B15/14by or of water level F03B15/16by power output F03B15/18for safety purposes, e.g. preventing overspeed F03B15/20specially adapted for turbines with jets of high-velocity liquid impinging on bladed or like rotors nozzles F03B1/04 F03B15/22for safety purposes F03B17/00Other machines or engines F03B17/005Installations wherein the liquid circulates in a closed loop F03B13/06 takes precedence; Alleged perpetua mobilia of this or similar kind perpetua mobilia using hydrostatic thrust or buoyancy F03B17/04 F03B17/02using hydrostatic thrust F03B17/025and reciprocating motion F03B17/04Alleged perpetua mobilia with closed loop circulation or similar F03B17/005 F03B17/06using liquid flow with predominantly kinetic energy conversion, e.g. of swinging-flap type , "run-of-river", "ultra-low head" F03B13/264 takes precedence F03B17/061with rotation axis substantially in flow direction F03B17/062with rotation axis substantially at right angle to flow direction F03B17/063the flow engaging parts having no movement relative to the rotor during its rotation F03B17/064and a rotor of the endless-chain type F03B17/065the flow engaging parts having a cyclic movement relative to the rotor during its rotation F03B17/066and a rotor of the endless-chain type F03B17/067the cyclic relative movement being positively coupled to the movement of rotation F03B17/068and a rotor of the endless-chain type