B41JTYPEWRITERSSELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORMECORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORSThis subclass covers: manually controlled power-operated apparatus or apparatus of this type with additional control by input of recorded information, e.g. on punched cards or tapes; the "print-out" features of apparatus controlled by record carriers or electric signals in so far as these are of general interest, e.g. impression, inking, line-spacing mechanisms, printing heads.This subclass does not cover: electrical features of apparatus controlled by record carriers or electric signals and of interest apart from the "print-out" features of said apparatus; apparatus controlled by record carriers or electric signals, as a whole.In this subclass, the following term is used with the meaning indicated: "paper" covers also similar flexible copy material;"printing material" covers both paper and temporary record carriers from which records are transferred to a paper, but does not cover printing masters, e.g. formes.In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme. B41J1/00Kinds of typewriters or of selective printing mechanisms B41J1/00Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the mounting, arrangement or disposition of the types or dies B41J1/02with separate or detached types or dies B41J1/04with types or dies carried upon levers or radial arms, e.g. manually operated B41J1/16 takes precedence B41J1/06on power-operated levers or arms B41J1/08with types or dies carried on sliding bars or rods B41J1/10on end surfaces thereof B41J1/12on side surfaces thereof, e.g. fixed thereto B41J1/14the types or dies being movable relative to the bars or rods mounted on flexible bars or rods B41J1/16 B41J1/16with types or dies arranged in stationary or sliding cases or frames or upon flexible strips, plates, bars or rods B41J1/18with types or dies strung on wires or rods B41J1/20with types or dies mounted on endless bands or the like B41J1/22with types or dies mounted on carriers rotatable for selection B41J1/24the plane of the type or die face being perpendicular to the axis of rotation B41J1/60 takes precedence B41J1/243Mounting or fixing the carriers B41J1/246Cartridges for the carriers B41J1/26Carriers moving for impression B41J1/27 takes precedence B41J1/27Carriers moving during impression B41J1/28Carriers stationary for impression, e.g. with the types or dies not moving relative to the carriers B41J1/30with the types or dies moving relative to the carriers or mounted on flexible carriers B41J1/32the plane of the type or die face being parallel to the axis of rotation, e.g. with type on the periphery of cylindrical carriers B41J1/60 takes precedence B41J1/34Carriers rotating during impression B41J1/36Carriers sliding for impression, e.g. manually operated B41J1/38power operated B41J1/40Carriers swinging for impression B41J1/42about an axis parallel to the axis of rotation of the carrier B41J1/44Carriers stationary for impression B41J1/46Types or dies fixed on wheel, drum, cylinder, or like carriers B41J1/48with a plurality of carriers, one for each character space B41J1/50with one or more carriers travelling across copy material in letter-space direction B41J1/52with copy material moving in the letter-space direction, and the carrier mounting being fixed relative to the machine B41J1/54Types or dies movable on wheel, drum, cylinder or like carriers B41J1/56Types or dies on shuttles or like loose carriers B41J1/58Types or dies upon arcuate bars B41J1/60with types or dies on spherical, truncated-spherical, or like surfaces B41J2/00Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed mounting, arrangement or disposition of types or dies B41J1/00This group covers devices reproducing only a discrete number of tones, whereas group H04N1/00 covers devices used for the reproduction of documents or the like, which devices are capable of reproducing continuous tone value scales.In this group, the following expressions are used with the meanings indicated: "ink jet" involves the projection of ink on to the printing material, e.g. paper, through a nozzle as a stream of droplets or particles of colouring matter "continuous ink jet" means a jet of ink transformed into a continuous stream of droplets or particles of colouring matter after having left the nozzle "ink spray" means a spray of ink transported by a stream of charged particles or air on to the printing material B41J2/005characterised by bringing liquid or particles selectively into contact with a printing material printing by selective application of impact or pressure on a printing or impression-transfer material B41J2/22 B41J2002/0052Control methods or devices for non ink jet heads B41J2002/0055Heating elements adjacent to nozzle orifices of printhead for warming up ink meniscuses, e.g. for lowering the surface tension of the ink meniscuses B41J2/0057where an intermediate transfer member receives the ink before transferring it on the printing material B41J2/01Ink jet B41J2002/012with intermediate transfer member B41J2/015characterised by the jet generation process B41J2/215 takes precedence B41J2/02generating a continuous ink jet B41J2002/022Control methods or devices for continuous ink jet B41J2/025by vibration B41J2/03by pressure B41J2002/031Gas flow deflection B41J2002/032Deflection by heater around the nozzle B41J2002/033Continuous stream with droplets of different sizes B41J2/035by electric or magnetic field B41J2/04generating single droplets or particles on demand B41J2002/041Electromagnetic transducer B41J2002/043Electrostatic transducer B41J2/045by pressure, e.g. electromechanical transducers B41J2/04501Control methods or devices therefor, e.g. driver circuits, control circuits B41J2/04503aiming at compensating carriage speed B41J2/04505aiming at correcting alignment B41J2/04506aiming at correcting manufacturing tolerances B41J2/04508aiming at correcting other parameters B41J2/0451for detecting failure, e.g. clogging, malfunctioning actuator B41J2/04511for electrostatic discharge protection B41J2/04513for increasing lifetime B41J2/04515preventing overheating B41J2/04516preventing formation of satellite drops B41J2/04518reducing costs B41J2/0452reducing demand in current or voltage B41J2/04521reducing number of signal lines needed B41J2/04523reducing size of the apparatus B41J2/04525reducing occurrence of cross talk B41J2/04526controlling trajectory B41J2/04528aiming at warming up the head B41J2/0453controlling a head having a dummy chamber B41J2/04531controlling a head having a heater in the manifold B41J2/04533controlling a head having several actuators per chamber B41J2/04535involving calculation of drop size, weight or volume B41J2/04536using history data B41J2/04538involving calculation of heater resistance B41J2/0454involving calculation of temperature B41J2/04541Specific driving circuit B41J2/04543Block driving B41J2/04545Dynamic block driving B41J2/04546Multiplexing B41J2/04548Details of power line section of control circuit B41J2/0455Details of switching sections of circuit, e.g. transistors B41J2/04551using several operating modes B41J2/04553detecting ambient temperature B41J2/04555detecting current B41J2/04556detecting distance to paper B41J2/04558detecting presence or properties of a dot on paper B41J2/0456detecting drop size, volume or weight B41J2/04561detecting presence or properties of a drop in flight B41J2/04563detecting head temperature; Ink temperature B41J2/04565detecting heater resistance B41J2/04566detecting humidity B41J2/04568Control according to number of actuators used simultaneously B41J2/0457Power supply level being detected or varied B41J2/04571detecting viscosity B41J2/04573Timing; Delays B41J2/04575controlling heads of acoustic type B41J2/04576controlling heads of electrostatic type B41J2/04578controlling heads based on electrostatically-actuated membranes B41J2/0458controlling heads based on heating elements forming bubbles B41J2/04581controlling heads based on piezoelectric elements B41J2/04583controlling heads based on discharge by lowering the surface tension of meniscus B41J2/04585controlling heads based on thermal bent actuators B41J2/04586controlling heads of a type not covered by groups B41J2/04575 - B41J2/04585, or of an undefined type B41J2/04588using a specific waveform B41J2/0459Height of the driving signal being adjusted B41J2/04591Width of the driving signal being adjusted B41J2/04593Dot-size modulation by changing the size of the drop B41J2/04595Dot-size modulation by changing the number of drops per dot B41J2/04596Non-ejecting pulses B41J2/04598Pre-pulse B41J2/05produced by the application of heat B41J2/055Devices for absorbing or preventing back-pressure B41J2/06by electric or magnetic field B41J2002/061Ejection by electric field of ink or of toner particles contained in ink B41J2002/062by using a divided counter electrode opposite to ejection openings of an electrostatic printhead, e.g. for controlling the flying direction of ejected toner particles by providing the divided parts of the counter electrode with different potentials B41J2002/063Moving solid toner particles in carrier liquid by eletrostatic force acting on the toner particles, e.g. for accumulating the toner particles around an ejection electrode of an electrostatic printhead B41J2/065involving the preliminary making of ink protuberances B41J2/07characterised by jet control B41J2/205 takes precedence B41J2/072by thermal compensation B41J2/075for many-valued deflection B41J2/08charge-control type B41J2/085Charge means, e.g. electrodes B41J2/09Deflection means B41J2/095electric field-control type B41J2/10magnetic field-control type B41J2/105for binary-valued deflection B41J2/11for ink spray B41J2/115synchronising the droplet separation and charging time B41J2/12testing or correcting charge or deflection B41J2/125Sensors, e.g. deflection sensors B41J2/13for inclination of printed pattern B41J2/135Nozzles B41J2/14Structure thereof only for on-demand ink jet heads B41J2/14008Structure of acoustic ink jet print heads B41J2/14016Structure of bubble jet print heads B41J2/14024Assembling head parts B41J2/14032Structure of the pressure chamber B41J2/1404Geometrical characteristics B41J2/14048Movable member in the chamber B41J2/14056Plural heating elements per ink chamber B41J2/14064Heater chamber separated from ink chamber by a membrane B41J2/14072Electrical connections, e.g. details on electrodes, connecting the chip to the outside... B41J2/1408Structure dealing with thermal variations, e.g. cooling device, thermal coefficients of materials B41J2/14088Structure of heating means B41J2/14096Current flowing through the ink B41J2/14104Laser or electron beam heating the ink B41J2/14112Resistive element B41J2/1412Shape B41J2/14129Layer structure B41J2/14137Resistor surrounding the nozzle opening B41J2/14145Structure of the manifold B41J2/14153Structures including a sensor B41J2/14161Structure having belt or drum with holes filled with ink B41J2002/14169Bubble vented to the ambience B41J2002/14177Segmented heater B41J2002/14185characterised by the position of the heater and the nozzle B41J2002/14193movable member in the ink chamber for bubble jet B41J2/14048 B41J2/14201Structure of print heads with piezoelectric elements B41J2/14209of finger type, chamber walls consisting integrally of piezoelectric material B41J2002/14217Multi layer finger type piezoelectric element B41J2002/14225Finger type piezoelectric element on only one side of the chamber B41J2/14233of film type, deformed by bending and disposed on a diaphragm B41J2002/14241having a cover around the piezoelectric thin film element B41J2002/1425Embedded thin film piezoelectric element B41J2002/14258Multi layer thin film type piezoelectric element B41J2002/14266Sheet-like thin film type piezoelectric element B41J2/14274of stacked structure type, deformed by compression/extension and disposed on a diaphragm B41J2/14282of cantilever type B41J2/1429of tubular type B41J2/14298of disc type B41J2002/14306Flow passage between manifold and chamber B41J2/14314Structure of ink jet print heads with electrostatically actuated membrane B41J2002/14322Print head without nozzle B41J2/1433Structure of nozzle plates B41J2002/14338Multiple pressure elements per ink chamber for bubble jet B41J2/14056 B41J2002/14346Ejection by pressure produced by thermal deformation of ink chamber, e.g. buckling B41J2002/14354Sensor in each pressure chamber B41J2002/14362Assembling elements of heads B41J2002/1437Back shooter B41J2002/14379Edge shooter B41J2002/14387Front shooter B41J2002/14395Electrowetting B41J2002/14403including a filter B41J2002/14411Groove in the nozzle plate B41J2002/14419Manifold for bubble jet B41J2/14145 B41J2/14427Structure of ink jet print heads with thermal bend detached actuators B41J2002/14435Moving nozzle made of thermal bend detached actuator B41J2002/14443Nozzle guard B41J2/14451Structure of ink jet print heads discharging by lowering surface tension of meniscus B41J2002/14459Matrix arrangement of the pressure chambers B41J2002/14467Multiple feed channels per ink chamber B41J2002/14475characterised by nozzle shapes or number of orifices per chamber B41J2002/14483Separated pressure chamber for bubble jet B41J2/14064 B41J2002/14491Electrical connection for bubble jet B41J2/14072 B41J2/145Arrangement thereof B41J2/15for serial printing B41J2/155for line printing B41J2/16Production of nozzles B41J2/1601Production of bubble jet print heads B41J2/1606, B41J2/162 take precedence B41J2/1603of the front shooter type B41J2/1604of the edge shooter type B41J2/1606Coating the nozzle area or the ink chamber B41J2/1607Production of print heads with piezoelectric elements B41J2/1606, B41J2/162 take precedence B41J2/1609of finger type, chamber walls consisting integrally of piezoelectric material B41J2/161of film type, deformed by bending and disposed on a diaphragm B41J2/1612of stacked structure type, deformed by compression/extension and disposed on a diaphragm B41J2/1614of cantilever type B41J2/1615of tubular type B41J2/1617of disc type B41J2/1618Fixing the piezoelectric elements B41J2/162Manufacturing of the nozzle plates B41J2/1621manufacturing processes B41J2/1623bonding and adhesion B41J2/1625electroforming B41J2/1626etching B41J2/1628dry etching B41J2/1629wet etching B41J2/1631photolithography B41J2/1632machining B41J2/1634laser machining B41J2/1635dividing the wafer into individual chips B41J2/1637molding B41J2/1639sacrificial molding B41J2/164thin film formation B41J2/1642thin film formation by CVD [chemical vapor deposition] B41J2/1643thin film formation by plating B41J2/1645thin film formation by spincoating B41J2/1646thin film formation by sputtering B41J2/1648Production of print heads with thermal bend detached actuators B41J2/165Preventing or detecting of nozzle clogging, e.g. cleaning, capping or moistening for nozzles B41J2002/16502Printhead constructions to prevent nozzle clogging or facilitate nozzle cleaning B41J2/16505Caps, spittoons or covers for cleaning or preventing drying out B41J2/16508connected with the printer frame B41J2/16511Constructions for cap positioning B41J2/16547 takes precedence B41J2002/16514creating a distance between cap and print head, e.g. for suction or pressurising B41J2/16517Cleaning of print head nozzles B41J2/16505, B41J2/1707, B41J2/1714 take precedence B41J2/1652by driving a fluid through the nozzles to the outside thereof, e.g. by applying pressure to the inside or vacuum at the outside of the print head B41J2/16523Waste ink collection from caps or spittoons, e.g. by suction B41J2/16526by applying pressure only B41J2002/16529Idle discharge on printing matter B41J2/16532by applying vacuum only B41J2/16535using wiping constructions B41J2/16552 takes precedence B41J2/16538with brushes or wiper blades perpendicular to the nozzle plate B41J2/16541Means to remove deposits from wipers or scrapers B41J2/16544Constructions for the positioning of wipers B41J2/16547the wipers and caps or spittoons being on the same movable support B41J2002/1655with wiping surface parallel with nozzle plate and mounted on reels, e.g. cleaning ribbon cassettes B41J2/16552using cleaning fluids B41J2002/16555Air or gas for cleaning B41J2002/16558Using cleaning liquid for wet wiping B41J2002/16561by an electrical field B41J2002/16564Heating means therefor, e.g. for hot melt inks B41J2002/16567using ultrasonic or vibrating means B41J2002/1657Cleaning of only nozzles or print head parts being selected B41J2002/16573Cleaning process logic, e.g. for determining type or order of cleaning processes B41J2002/16576Cleaning means pushed or actuated by print head movement B41J2/16579Detection means therefor, e.g. for nozzle clogging B41J2002/16582Maintenance means fixed on the print head or its carriage B41J2/16585for paper-width or non-reciprocating print heads B41J2/16588Print heads movable towards the cleaning unit B41J2002/16591for line print heads above an endless belt B41J2002/16594Pumps or valves for cleaning B41J2002/16597Pumps for idle discharge of liquid through nozzles B41J2/17characterised by ink handling B41J2/1707Conditioning of the inside of ink supply circuits, e.g. flushing during start-up or shut-down B41J2/1714Conditioning of the outside of ink supply systems, e.g. inkjet collector cleaning, ink mist removal B41J2/08, B41J2/16517, B41J2/18 take precedence B41J2/1721Collecting waste ink; Collectors therefor B41J2002/1728Closed waste ink collector B41J2002/1735Closed waste ink collector with ink supply tank in common container B41J2002/1742Open waste ink collector, e.g. ink receiving from a print head above the collector during borderless printing B41J2/175Ink supply systems ; Circuit parts therefor B41J2/17503Ink cartridges B41J2/17506Refilling of the cartridge B41J2/17509Whilst mounted in the printer B41J2/17513Inner structure B41J2002/17516comprising a collapsible ink holder, e.g. a flexible bag B41J2/1752Mounting within the printer B41J2/17523Ink connection B41J2/17526Electrical contacts to the cartridge B41J2/1753Details of contacts on the cartridge, e.g. protection of contacts B41J2/17533Storage or packaging of ink cartridges B41J2/17536Protection of cartridges or parts thereof, e.g. tape B41J2/1754with means attached to the cartridge, e.g. protective cap B41J2/17543Cartridge presence detection or type identification B41J2/17546electronically B41J2/1755mechanically B41J2/17553Outer structure B41J2/17556Means for regulating the pressure in the cartridge B41J2/17559Cartridge manufacturing B41J2/17563Ink filters B41J2/17566Ink level or ink residue control B41J2002/17569based on the amount printed or to be printed B41J2002/17573using optical means for ink level indication B41J2002/17576using a floater for ink level indication B41J2002/17579Measuring electrical impedance for ink level indication B41J2002/17583using vibration or ultra-sons for ink level indication B41J2002/17586using ink bag deformation for ink level indication B41J2002/17589using ink level as input for printer mode selection or for prediction of remaining printing capacity B41J2/17593Supplying ink in a solid state B41J2/17596Ink pumps, ink valves B41J2/18Ink recirculation systems B41J2/185Ink-collectorsInk-catchers B41J2002/1853ink collectors for continuous Inkjet printers, e.g. gutters, mist suction means B41J2002/1856waste ink containers B41J2/19for removing air bubbles B41J2/195for monitoring ink quality B41J2/20for preventing or detecting contamination of compounds B41J2/205for printing a discrete number of tones B41J2/21 takes precedence B41J2/2052by dot superpositioning, e.g. multipass doubling B41J2/2054by the variation of dot disposition or characteristics, e.g. dot number density, dot shape B41J2/2056by ink density change B41J2002/2058selecting different ink densities from one colour B41J2/21for multi-colour printing B41J2/2103Features not dealing with the colouring process per se, e.g. construction of printers or heads, driving circuit adaptations B41J2/2107characterised by the ink properties B41J2/211Mixing of inks, solvent or air prior to paper contact B41J2/2114Ejecting transparent or white coloured liquids, e.g. processing liquids B41J2/211 takes precedence B41J2/2117Ejecting white liquids B41J2/2121characterised by dot size, e.g. combinations of printed dots of different diameter B41J2/2125by means of nozzle diameter selection B41J2/2128by means of energy modulation B41J2/2132Print quality control characterised by dot disposition, e.g. for reducing white stripes or banding methods for local corrections by dot omission, image edge enhancement, or multi-pass mask selection G06K15/102; colour conversion H04N1/40 B41J2/2135Alignment of dots adjustments by bodily moving print heads or carriages B41J25/001 B41J2/2139Compensation for malfunctioning nozzles creating dot place or dot size errors B41J2/2142Detection of malfunctioning nozzles for cleaning purposes B41J2/16579; jet deflection sensors B41J2/125 B41J2/2146for line print heads B41J2/215by passing a medium, e.g. consisting of an air or particle stream, through an ink mist B41J2/22characterised by selective application of impact or pressure on a printing material or impression-transfer material B41J2/225ballistic, e.g. using solid balls or pellets B41J2/23using print wires B41J2/235Print head assemblies B41J2/24serial printer type B41J2/25, B41J2/265 take precedence B41J2/245line printer type B41J2/25, B41J2/265 take precedence B41J2/25Print wires B41J2/255Arrangement of the print ends of the wires B41J2/26Connection of print wire and actuator B41J2/265Guides for print wires B41J2/27Actuators for print wires B41J2/275of clapper type B41J2/28 takes precedence B41J2/28of spring charge type, i.e. with mechanical power under electro-magnetic control B41J2/285of plunger type B41J2/29of moving-coil type B41J2/295using piezo-electric elements B41J2/30Control circuits for actuators B41J2/305Ink supply apparatus ink ribbons, ink-ribbon mechanisms B41J31/00 - B41J35/00 B41J2/31using a print element with projections on its surface impacted or impressed by hammers B41J2/315characterised by selective application of heat to a heat sensitive printing or impression-transfer material B41J2/385, B41J2/435 take precedence B41J2/32using thermal heads B41J2/325by selective transfer of ink from ink carrier, e.g. from ink ribbon or sheet B41J2/33from ink roller B41J2/335Structure of thermal heads B41J2/33505Constructional details B41J2/3351Electrode layers B41J2/33515Heater layers B41J2/3352Integrated circuits B41J2/33525Passivation layers B41J2/3353Protective layers B41J2/33535Substrates B41J2/3354characterised by geometry B41J2/33545characterised by dimensions B41J2/3355characterised by materials B41J2/33555characterised by type B41J2/3356Corner type resistors B41J2/33565Edge type resistors B41J2/3357Surface type resistors B41J2/33575Processes for assembling process heads B41J2/3358Cooling arrangements B41J2/33585Hollow parts under the heater B41J2/3359Manufacturing processes B41J2/33595Conductors through the layered structure B41J2/34comprising semiconductors B41J2/345characterised by the arrangement of resistors or conductors B41J2/35providing current or voltage to the thermal head B41J2/355Control circuits for heating-element selection B41J2/3551Block driving B41J2/3553Heater resistance determination B41J2/3555Historical control B41J2/3556Preheating pulses B41J2/3558Voltage control or determination B41J2/36Print density control B41J2/362Correcting density variation B41J2/365by compensation for variation in temperature B41J2/37by compensation for variation in current B41J2/375Protection arrangements against overheating B41J2/38Preheating, i.e. heating to a temperature insufficient to cause printing B41J2/385characterised by selective supply of electric current or selective application of magnetism to a printing or impression-transfer material B41J2/005 takes precedence B41J2/3855Electrographic print heads using processes not otherwise provided for, e.g. electrolysis B41J2/39using multi-stylus heads B41J2/395Structure of multi-stylus heads B41J2/40providing current or voltage to the multi-stylus head B41J2/405Selection of the stylus or auxiliary electrode to be supplied B41J2/41for electrostatic printing B41J2/39 takes precedence B41J2/415by passing charged particles through a hole or a slit B41J2/4155for direct electrostatic printing [DEP] B41J2/42for heating selectively B41J2/425for removing surface layer selectively from electro-sensitive material, e.g. metal coated paper B41J2/43for magnetic printing B41J2/435characterised by selective application of radiation to a printing material or impression-transfer material B41J2/44using single radiation source per colour, e.g. lighting beams or shutter arrangements B41J2/475 takes precedence B41J2/442using lasers B41J2/445using liquid crystals B41J2/447using arrays of radiation sources B41J2/475 takes precedence B41J2/4473using liquid crystal [LC] arrays B41J2/4476using cathode ray or electron beam tubes B41J2/45using light-emitting diode [LED] or laser arrays B41J2/451Special optical means therefor, e.g. lenses, mirrors, focusing means B41J2002/453self-scanning B41J2/455using laser arrays , the laser array being smaller than the medium to be recorded B41J2/46characterised by using glass fibres B41J2/465using masks, e.g. light-switching masks B41J2/4655using character templates B41J2/47using the combination of scanning and modulation of light B41J2/471using dot sequential main scanning by means of a light deflector, e.g. a rotating polygonal mirror B41J2/473using multiple light beams, wavelengths or colours B41J2/475for heating selectively by radiation or ultrasonic waves B41J2/4753using thermosensitive substrates, e.g. paper B41J2002/4756Erasing by radiation B41J2/48melting ink on a film or melting ink granules B41J2/485characterised by the process of building-up characters or image elements applicable to two or more kinds of printing or marking processes B41J2/49by writing B41J2/495by selective printing from a rotating helical member B41J2/50by the selective combination of two or more non-identical printing elements B41J2/505from an assembly of identical printing elements printers with two or more sets of printing elements B41J3/54; arrangements for producing a permanent visual presentation of the digital output data using matrix printers, e.g. individual print element control for printing letters G06K15/10 B41J2/5052with special adaptations characterised by the ink properties B41J2/2107 takes precedence B41J2/5054with special adaptations characterised by dot size B41J2/2121 takes precedence B41J2/5056using dot arrays providing selective dot disposition modes, e.g. different dot densities for high speed and high quality printing, array line selections for multi-pass printing, or dot shifts for character inclination B41J2/2132 takes precedence; providing dot disposition modes by bodily changing the angle of a print head B41J25/003 B41J2/5058locally, i.e. for single dots or for small areas of a character methods for insertion or deletion of dots, or for character edge smoothing G06K15/102 B41J2/51serial printer type B41J2/512Adjustment of the dot disposition by adjustment of the arrangement of the dot printing elements of a print head, e.g. nozzles, needlesThis group is no longer used for the classification of new documents as from 2010-01-01. The backlog of this group is being continuously reclassified to B41J25/001 and subgroups B41J2/515line printer type B41J2/52Arrangement for printing a discrete number of tones, not covered by group B41J2/205, e.g. applicable to two or more kinds of printing or marking process B41J2/525 takes precedence B41J2/525Arrangement for multi-colour printing, not covered by group B41J2/21, e.g. applicable to two or more kinds of printing or marking process B41J3/00Typewriters or selective printing or marking mechanisms characterised by the purpose for which they are constructed B41J3/01for special character, e.g. for Chinese characters or barcodes B41J3/24for perforating or stencil cutting using special types or dies B41J3/26for stenographic writing B41J3/28for printing downwardly on flat surfaces, e.g. of books, drawings, boxes , envelopes, e.g. flat-bed ink-jet printers B41J3/283on bank books or the like B41J3/286on boxes B41J3/30for printing with large type, e.g. on bulletins, tickets B41J3/32for printing in Braille or with keyboards specially adapted for use by blind or disabled persons B41J3/34for printing musical scores B41J3/36for portability , i.e. hand-held printers or laptop printers B41J3/4075 takes precedence; printers with reduced dimensions B41J29/023; stackable printers B41J29/026 B41J3/365Toy typewriters toy imitations of typewriters A63H33/3077 B41J3/37Foldable typewriters B41J3/38for embossing, e.g. for making matrices for stereotypes B41J3/382of tapes, e.g. tape cartridges B41J3/385of plates, e.g. metal plates, plastic cards B41J3/387with automatic plate transport systems, e.g. for credit cards B41J3/39hand-held B41J3/407for marking on special material apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits by printing or dispensing a conductive paste or ink H05K3/1241 B41J3/4071Printing on disk-shaped media, e.g. CDs B41J3/4073Printing on three-dimensional objects not being in sheet or web form, e.g. spherical or cubic objects B41J3/283, B41J3/286 take precedence; building up a 3D object using individual droplets from jetting heads B29C64/112 B41J3/40731Holders for objects, e. g. holders specially adapted to the shape of the object to be printed or adapted to hold several objects B41J3/40733Printing on cylindrical or rotationally symmetrical objects, e. g. on bottles B41J3/4075Tape printers; Label printers tape cartridges B41J15/044 B41J3/4076printing on rewritable, bistable "electronic paper" by a focused electric or magnetic field displays in which the positions of movable elements are controlled by the application of an electric field G09F9/372, of a magnetic field G09F9/375 B41J3/4078Printing on textile ink-jet dying or printing processes for textile D06P5/30; conversion of colour signals for textile printing H04N1/54 B41J3/413for metal B41J3/42Two or more complete typewriters coupled for simultaneous operation B41J3/44Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms having dual functions or combined with, or coupled to, apparatus performing other functions B41J3/445Printers integrated in other types of apparatus, e.g. printers integrated in cameras B41J3/46Printing mechanisms combined with apparatus providing a visual indication B41J3/50Mechanisms producing characters by printing and also producing a record by other means , e.g. printer combined with RFID writer B41J3/51the printed and recorded information being identicalusing type elements with code-generating means B41J3/54with two or more sets of type or printing elements B41J3/60 takes precedence B41J3/543with multiple inkjet print heads B41J2/17503, B41J2/2103 take precedence B41J3/546Combination of different types, e.g. using a thermal transfer head and an inkjet print head B41J3/60for printing on both faces of the printing material B41J3/62for printing on two or more separate sheets or strips of printing material being conveyed simultaneously to or through the printing zone B41J3/54 takes precedence B41J5/00Common details or accessories B41J5/00Devices or arrangements for controlling character selection methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers G06K7/00 B41J5/02Character or syllable selected by setting an index B41J5/04Single-character selection B41J5/06Multiple-character selection B41J5/08Character or syllable selected by means of keys or keyboards of the typewriter type
Groups B41J5/08 - B41J5/28 are no longer used for the classification of new documents. See G06F3/00 B41J5/10Arrangements of keyboards , e.g. key button disposition B41J5/102Keyboard overlays for computer use G06F3/023 B41J5/105Constructional details of keyboard frames, e.g. adjusting or fixation means B41J5/107for special purposes, e.g. Braille, Chinese, multi-language options B41J5/12Construction of key buttons B41J5/14Construction of key levers B41J5/16Mounting or connecting key buttons on or to key levers B41J5/18Locks B41J5/20for subsidiary keys, e.g. for shift keys B41J5/22Interlocks between keys, e.g. without detent arrangements B41J5/24with detent arrangements B41J5/26Regulating touch, key dip or stroke, or the like B41J5/28Multiple-action keys, e.g. keys depressed by two or more amounts or movable in two or more directions to effect different functions or selections B41J5/30Character or syllable selection controlled by recorded information B41J5/31characterised by form of recorded information B41J5/32by printed, embossed, or photographic records, e.g. cards, sheets B41J5/34by strips or tapes B41J5/36by punched records, e.g. cards, sheets B41J5/38by strips or tapes B41J5/40by magnetic or electrostatic records, e.g. cards, sheets B41J5/42by strips or tapes B41J5/44characterised by storage of recorded information B41J5/46on internal storages B41J5/48on external storages B41J5/50on a single storage B41J5/51on more than one separate storage, e.g. on additional correction strips or tapes B41J5/52characterised by the provision of additional devices for producing a punched or like record, e.g. simultaneously B41J7/00Type-selecting or type-actuating mechanisms index setting B41J5/02 B41J7/005Type-selecting actions or mechanisms by unusual means, e.g. for use by physically disabled persons control means for physically disabled persons in general A61F4/00 B41J7/02Type-lever actuating mechanisms B41J7/04Levers mounted on fixed pivots B41J7/06and connected to transmission members, e.g. toothed gearing B41J7/08with pin-and-slot or like loose connectionsCam-slot members B41J7/10Chain, belt, flexible cable, or like members B41J7/12U-shaped type-lever on two pivots B41J7/14Single key-and-type lever B41J7/16Type-head pivoted to or rotating on lever B41J7/18Levers having moving or variable fulcra to alter the mechanical advantage during the stroke B41J7/20Levers having moving pivots fixed relative to the leverType- bars each pivoted on two links B41J7/22Type-basketsBearings or hangers for type levers B41J7/24Construction of type-levers U-shaped levers B41J7/12 B41J7/26Special means, e.g. repulsers, for ensuring return of type- levers B41J7/28Key lever and type member returned independently to rest position B41J7/30Preventing rebound or clash of levers or type members B41J7/32Type-face selected by operation of sliding members B41J7/34Type-face selected by operation of rotary members B41J7/36Selecting arrangements applied to type-carriers rotating during impression B41J7/38Type movable on carrier for selection B41J7/40Type movable on carrier for impression B41J7/42Timed impression, e.g. without impact B41J7/44with impact B41J7/46Rolling contact during impression B41J7/48Type carrier arrested in selected position by electromagnetic means B41J7/50Type-face selected by combinations of two movements of type carrier B41J7/52by combined rotary and sliding movement B41J7/54Selecting arrangements including combinations, permutation, summation, or aggregation means B41J7/56Summation devices for mechanical movements B41J7/58Wedges B41J7/60Levers B41J7/62Gearing B41J7/64Pulley and strand mechanism B41J7/66Movable members, e.g. pins, displaceable according to a code B41J7/68with means for selectively closing an electric circuit for type presentation B41J7/90Syllable, line, or like type selection B41J7/92Impact adjustmentMeans to give uniformity of impression B41J9/46, B41J9/48 take precedence B41J7/94Character-by-character adjustment B41J7/96Means checking correctness of setting B41J9/00Hammer-impression mechanisms B41J9/02HammersArrangements thereof B41J9/04of single hammers, e.g. travelling along printing line B41J9/06of stationary hammers, e.g. engaging a single type-carrier B41J9/08engaging more than one type-carrier B41J9/10of more than one hammer, e.g. one for each character position B41J9/12each operating in more than one character position B41J9/127Mounting of hammers B41J9/133Construction of hammer body or tip B41J9/14Means for selecting or suppressing individual hammers B41J9/16Means for cocking or resetting hammers B41J9/18Cams B41J9/20Springs B41J9/22Fluid-pressure means B41J9/24Electromagnetic means B41J9/26Means for operating hammers to effect impression B41J9/28Cams B41J9/30Springs B41J9/32arranged to be clutched to snatch roll B41J9/34Fluid-pressure means B41J9/36in which mechanical power is applied under electromagnetic control B41J9/38Electromagnetic means B41J9/40including an electro-adhesive clutch B41J9/42with anti-rebound arrangements B41J9/44Control for hammer-impression mechanisms B41J9/46for deciding or adjusting hammer-firing time B41J9/48for deciding or adjusting hammer-drive energy B41J9/50for compensating for the variations of printer drive conditions, e.g. for compensating for the variation of temperature or current supply B41J9/52for checking the operation of print hammers B41J9/54for checking the breakage of print hammers B41J11/00Devices or arrangements  of selective printing mechanisms, e.g. ink-jet printers or thermal printers, for supporting or handling copy material in sheet or web form script supports connected to the typewriter or printer B41J29/15 B41J11/0005Curl smoothing, i.e. smoothing down corrugated printing material, e.g. by pressing means acting on wrinkled printing material B41J11/001Handling wide copy materials B41J11/0015for treating before, during or after printing or for uniform coating or laminating the copy material before or after printing selective coating B41J2/2114 B41J11/002Curing or drying the ink on the copy materials, e.g. by heating or irradiating B41J11/0021using irradiation B41J11/00212Controlling the irradiation means, e.g. image-based controlling of the irradiation zone or control of the duration or intensity of the irradiation B41J11/00214using UV radiation B41J11/00216using infrared [IR] radiation or microwaves B41J11/00218Constructional details of the irradiation means, e.g. radiation source attached to reciprocating print head assembly or shutter means provided on the radiation source B41J11/0022using convection means, e.g. by using a fan for blowing or sucking air B41J11/00222Controlling the convection means B41J11/00224comprising movable shutters, e.g. for redirection of an air flow B41J11/0024using conduction means, e.g. by using a heated platen B41J11/00242Controlling the temperature of the conduction means B41J11/00244Means for heating the copy materials before or during printing B41J11/0025Handling copy materials differing in width B41J11/003Paper-size detection, i.e. automatic detection of the length and/or width of copy material B41J11/0035Handling copy materials differing in thickness B41J11/20 and B41J25/308 take precedence B41J11/004Platenless printing, i.e. conveying the printing material freely, without support on its back, through the printing zone opposite to the print head B41J11/0045Guides for printing material curl smoothing B41J11/0005; platens B41J11/02, B41J11/06; guiding webs B41J15/046 B41J11/005Guides in the printing zone, e.g. guides for preventing contact of conveyed sheets with printhead B41J11/0055Lateral guides, e.g. guides for preventing skewed conveyance of printing material B41J11/006Means for preventing paper jams or for facilitating their removal B41J11/0065Means for printing without leaving a margin on at least one edge of the copy material, e.g. edge-to-edge printing B41J11/007Conveyor belts or like feeding devices B41J11/0075Low-paper indication, i.e. indicating the state when copy material has been used up nearly or completely B41J11/008Controlling printhead for accurately positioning print image on printing material, e.g. with the intention to control the width of margins B41J11/0085Using suction for maintaining printing material flat on rotatable drums B41J13/226 B41J11/009Detecting type of paper, e.g. by automatic reading of a code that is printed on a paper package or on a paper roll or by sensing the grade of translucency of the paper selecting type of paper B41J11/485; investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means G01N21/00; investigating moving sheets G01N21/86 B41J11/0095Detecting means for copy material, e.g. for detecting or sensing presence of copy material or its leading or trailing end B41J11/02Platens B41J11/04Roller platens B41J11/053with sound-deadening devices structure of surface B41J11/057 B41J11/057Structure of the surface B41J11/06Flat page-size platens or smaller flat platens having a greater size than line-size platens B41J11/0085 takes precedence B41J11/08Bar or like line-size platens B41J11/10Anvil or like character-size platens B41J11/13Backings or blankets for roller platens B41J11/057 B41J11/14Platen-shift mechanismsDriving gear therefor B41J11/16with balancing means B41J11/18Platen-impression arrangements B41J11/20Platen adjustments for varying the strength of impression, for a varying number of papers, for wear or for alignment , or for print gap adjustment B41J11/22Paper-carriage guides or races B41J11/24Detents, brakes, or couplings for feed rollers or platens B41J11/26Pin feeds B41J11/27on or within the platen-rollers B41J11/28Pin wheels B41J11/30Pin traction elements other than wheels, e.g. pins on endless bands B41J11/32Adjustment of pin wheels or traction elements, e.g. laterally B41J11/34Guides coacting with pin feeds B41J11/36Blanking or long feedsFeeding to a particular line, e.g. by rotation of platen or feed roller B41J11/38Manually-operated feeding devices B41J11/40specially adapted for printing musical scores B41J11/42Controlling printing material conveyance for accurate alignment of the printing material with the printhead; Print registering B41J11/425for a variable printing material feed amount B41J11/44by devices, e.g. programme tape or contact wheel, moved in correspondence with movement of paper-feeding devices, e.g. platen rotation B41J11/46by marks or formations on the paper being fed B41J11/48Apparatus for condensed record, tally strip, or like work using two or more papers, or sets of papers , e.g. devices for switching over from handling of copy material in sheet form to handling of copy material in continuous form and vice versa or point-of-sale printers comprising means for printing on continuous copy material, e.g. journal for tills, and on single sheets, e.g. cheques or receipts B41J15/042 takes precedence B41J11/485Means for selecting a type of copy material amongst different types of copy material in the printing apparatus detecting type of paper B41J11/009 B41J11/50in which two or more papers or sets are separately fed in the same direction towards the printing position B41J11/51with different feed rates B41J11/52in which one paper or set is moved transversely relative to another B41J11/53Devices for holding in place one paper or set during replacement of one or more of the auxiliary papers or sets B41J11/54in which one paper or set is fed towards printing position from the front of the apparatus B41J11/55with means for adjusting a paper or set B41J11/56specially constructed to facilitate storage or transport of typewriter B41J11/58Supply holders for sheets or fan-folded webs, e.g. shelves, tables, scrolls, pile holders B41J11/60Erasing or correcting tables B41J11/62Shields or masks B41J11/64Applications of scales or indicators B41J11/66Applications of cutting devices B41J11/663Controlling cutting, cutting resulting in special shapes of the cutting line, e.g. controlling cutting positions, e.g. for cutting in the immediate vicinity of a printed image B41J11/666Cutting partly, e.g. cutting only the uppermost layer of a multiple-layer printing material B41J11/68cutting parallel to the direction of paper feed B41J11/70cutting perpendicular to the direction of paper feed B41J11/703Cutting of tape B41J11/706using a cutting tool mounted on a reciprocating carrier B41J13/00Devices or arrangements of selective printing mechanisms, e.g. ink-jet printers or thermal printers, specially adapted for supporting or handling copy material in short lengths, e.g. sheets B41J13/0009control of the transport of the copy material B41J13/0018in the sheet input section of automatic paper handling systems guides therefor B41J13/103 B41J13/0027in the printing section of automatic paper handling systems rollers B41J13/02, guides therefor B41J13/14 B41J13/0036in the output section of automatic paper handling systems rollers B41J13/02, guides B41J13/106 B41J13/0045concerning sheet refeed sections of automatic paper handling systems, e.g. intermediate stackers, reversing units printing on both faces B41J3/60 B41J13/0054Handling sheets of differing lengths B41J13/0063Handling thick cut sheets larger than credit cards, e.g. greeting cards, postcards, e.g. using means for enabling or facilitating the conveyance of thick sheets B41J11/20, B41J13/12 and B41J25/308 take precedence B41J13/0072Handling wide cut sheets, e.g. using means for enabling or facilitating the conveyance of wide sheets B41J13/0081Sheet-storing packages, e.g. for protecting the sheets against ambient influences, e.g. light, humidity, changes in temperature B41J13/009Diverting sheets at a section where at least two sheet conveying paths converge, e.g. by a movable switching guide that blocks access to one conveying path and guides the sheet to another path, e.g. when a sheet conveying direction is reversed after printing on the front of the sheet has been finished and the sheet is guided to a sheet turning path for printing on the back B41J13/02Rollers roller platens B41J11/04 B41J13/025Special roller holding or lifting means, e.g. for temporarily raising one roller of a pair of nipping rollers for inserting printing material B41J13/03driven, e.g. feed rollers separate from platen B41J13/036co-operating with a roller platen B41J13/042Front and rear rollers or sets of front or rear rollers each mounted on a separate carrier B41J13/048Front and rear rollers both mounted on a common carrier B41J13/054on the paper apron concentric with the roller platen B41J13/076Construction of rollersBearings therefor B41J13/08Conveyor bands or like feeding devices B41J13/10Sheet holders, retainers , movable guides, or stationary guides B41J13/103for the sheet feeding section B41J13/106for the sheet output section B41J13/12specially adapted for small cards, envelopes, or the like , e.g. credit cards, cut visiting cards B41J13/14Aprons or guides for the printing section B41J13/16movable for insertion or release of sheets B41J13/18concentric with roller platen B41J13/20Bails B41J13/22Clamps or grippers B41J13/223on rotatable drums B41J13/226using suction B41J13/24Strips for supporting or holding papers B41J13/26Registering devices B41J13/28Front lays, stops, or gauges B41J13/30Side lays or gauges B41J13/32Means for positioning sheets in two directions under one control, e.g. for format control or orthogonal sheet positioning B41J15/00Devices or arrangements of selective printing mechanisms, e.g. ink-jet printers or thermal printers, specially adapted for supporting or handling copy material in continuous form, e.g. webs B41J15/005Forming loops or sags in webs, e.g. for slackening a web or for compensating variations of the amount of conveyed web material (by arranging a "dancing roller" in a sag of the web material) B41J15/02Web rolls or spindlesAttaching webs to cores or spindles B41J15/04Supporting, feeding, or guiding devicesMountings for web rolls or spindles B41J15/042for loading rolled-up continuous copy material into printers, e.g. for replacing a used-up paper roll; Point-of-sale printers with openable casings allowing access to the rolled-up continuous copy material B41J15/044Cassettes or cartridges containing continuous copy material, tape, for setting into printing devices B41J15/046for the guidance of continuous copy material, e.g. for preventing skewed conveyance of the continuous copy material B41J15/048Conveyor belts or like feeding devices B41J11/007 takes precedence B41J15/06characterised by being applied to printers having stationary carriages B41J15/08characterised by being applied to printers having transversely- moving carriages B41J15/10and mounted on the carriage B41J15/12and coupled to the carriage B41J15/14and detached from the carriage B41J15/16Means for tensioning or winding the web B41J15/165for tensioning continuous copy material by use of redirecting rollers or redirecting nonrevolving guides B41J15/18Multiple web-feeding apparatus B41J15/20for webs superimposed during printing B41J15/22for feeding webs in separate paths during printing B41J15/24with means for registering the webs with each other B41J17/00Mechanisms for manipulating page-width impression-transfer material, e.g. carbon paper in manifolding devices B41L B41J17/02Feeding mechanisms B41J17/04Feed dependent on the record-paper feed, e.g. both moved at the same time B41J17/06"Creep" feed, i.e. impression-transfer material fed slower than the record paper B41J17/07electromagnetically controlled B41J17/08Feed independent of the record-paper feed B41J17/10electromagnetically controlled B41J17/12Special adaptations for ensuring maximum life B41J17/14Automatic arrangements for reversing the feed direction B41J17/16Holders in the machine for sheets of impression transfer material B41J17/18pivotable to and from the platen B41J17/20slidable to and from the platen B41J17/22Supply arrangements for webs of impression-transfer material B41J17/24Webs supplied from reels or spools attached to the machine B41J17/26Webs supplied from trays or like supports attached to the machines B41J17/28Arrangements of guides for the impression-transfer material B41J17/30Constructions of guides for the impression-transfer material B41J17/32Detachable carriers or holders for impression-transfer material mechanism B41J17/34Backings for impression-transfer material, e.g. sheets for reducing friction, shields for preventing imprint B41J17/36Alarms, indicators, or feed-disabling devices responsible to material breakage or exhaustion B41J17/38for dealing with the impression-transfer material after use B41J17/40for retracting sheets for re-use B41J17/42for webs B41J19/00Character- or line-spacing mechanisms superimposed movements for serial printing B41J25/005 B41J19/005Cable or belt constructions for driving print, type or paper-carriages, e.g. attachment, tensioning means B41J19/02with retarding devices, e.g. brakes B41J19/04Sound-deadening or shock-absorbing devices or measures therein B41J19/38 takes precedence B41J19/06Resilient mounting of mechanism B41J19/08Buffers, springs or like carriage stops B41J19/10Dash-pots B41J19/12Gearing made of special material or specially constructed to reduce sound or shock B41J19/14with means for effecting line or character spacing in either direction B41J19/142with a reciprocating print head printing in both directions across the paper width B41J19/145Dot misalignment correction B41J19/147Colour shift prevention B41J19/16Special spacing mechanisms for circular, spiral, or diagonal-printing apparatus B41J19/18Character-spacing or back-spacing mechanismsCarriage return or release devices therefor B41J19/20Positive-feed character-spacing mechanisms controlled by escapements B41J19/52 B41J19/202Drive control means for carriage movement B41J19/205Position or speed detectors therefor B41J19/207Encoding along a bar B41J19/22acting by friction or gripping effect B41J19/24Pawl and ratchet B41J19/26moving a paper or like carriage B41J19/28moving a paper or like web or strip, e.g. over a stationary support B41J19/30Electromagnetically-operated mechanisms B41J19/305Linear drive mechanisms for carriage movement B41J19/32Differential or variable-spacing arrangements B41J19/34Escapement-feed character-spacing mechanisms B41J19/36Driving mechanisms, e.g. springs stressed during carriage return B41J19/38adapted for silent return B41J19/40Escapements having a single pawl or like detent B41J19/42Escapements having two pawls or like detents B41J19/44coacting with two toothed members, e.g. racks or wheels B41J19/46and mounted on a single rocker B41J19/48and mounted on a single slider B41J19/50Electromagnetically-controlled escapements B41J19/52Escapements controlling positive-feed mechanism B41J19/54Construction of universal bars B41J19/56Escapements controlling web or strip feed B41J19/58Differential or variable-spacing arrangements B41J19/60Auxiliary feed or adjustment devices B41J19/62for back spacing B41J19/64for justifying B41J19/66Carriage-release mechanisms B41J19/68Carriage-return mechanisms, e.g. manually actuated B41J19/70power driven B41J19/72with power stored during character spacing B41J19/74with special means to maintain character-spacing or back- spacing elements in engagement during case-shift or like movement B41J19/76Line-spacing mechanisms special line-feeds, e.g. long feeds B41J11/36 B41J19/78Positive-feed mechanisms B41J19/80Pawl-and-ratchet mechanisms B41J19/82moving a paper or like carriage B41J19/84in the form of a roller rotated for line spacing B41J19/86the pawl being normally in engagement with the ratchet B41J19/88moving a type carriage B41J19/90moving a paper or like web or strip, e.g. over a stationary support, automatically in response to movements other than carriage return B41J19/92Electromagnetically-operated mechanisms B41J19/94automatically operated in response to carriage return B41J19/96Variable-spacing arrangements B41J19/98Escapement-feed mechanisms B41J21/00Column, tabular or like printing arrangementsMeans for centralising short lines carriage-release mechanisms B41J19/66 B41J21/02Stops or stop-racks B41J21/04Mechanisms for setting or restoring tabulation stops B41J21/06with means for preventing rebound from stops B41J21/08Mechanisms for initiating, effecting, skipping, or stopping tabulation movementMeans for centralising short lines B41J21/10with central, counter, or equivalent stop projected into path of tabulation stops B41J21/12characterised by arrangements of electrical contacts B41J21/14characterised by denominational arrangements B41J21/16controlled by the sensing of marks or formations on the paper being typed, an undersheet, or the platen B41J21/17controlled by stored information B41J21/18characterised by applications of scales or indicators B41J23/00Power drives for actions or mechanisms B41J9/00 , B41J19/305  take precedence B41J23/02Mechanical power drives B41J23/025using a single or common power source for two or more functions B41J23/04with driven mechanism arranged to be clutched to continuously- operating power source B41J23/06by snatch rolls B41J23/08by one-revolution or part-revolution clutches B41J23/10and arrested in selected position B41J23/12Mechanism driven by cams engaging rotating roller B41J23/14Mechanism driven by through an oscillating or reciprocating member B41J23/16Mechanisms driven by a spring tensioned by power means B41J23/18Continuously-cycling drives B41J23/20Fluid-pressure power drives B41J23/22for key or like type selection B41J23/24for impression mechanisms B41J23/26for platen or carriage movements, e.g. for line spacing, letter spacing, or carriage return B41J23/28for type-carriage movements B41J23/30for case shift B41J23/32Electromagnetic power drives, e.g. applied to key levers B41J23/34applied to elements other than key levers B41J23/36and acting on type members B41J23/38and acting on aligning or case-shift mechanisms B41J25/00Actions or mechanisms not otherwise provided for B41J25/001Mechanisms for bodily moving print heads or carriages parallel to the paper surface character- or line-spacing mechanisms B41J19/00 B41J25/003for changing the angle between a print element array axis and the printing line, e.g. for dot density changes dot arrays providing selective dot disposition modes B41J2/5056 B41J25/005for serial printing movements superimposed to character- or line-spacing movements B41J25/006for oscillating, e.g. page-width print heads provided with counter-balancing means or shock absorbers B41J2025/008comprising a plurality of print heads placed around a drum B41J25/02Key actions for specified purposes B41J25/04Back spacing B41J25/06Carriage return B41J25/08Case shift B41J25/10Ink-ribbon adjustment B41J25/12Character spacing B41J25/14Line spacing B41J25/16Line spacing and carriage return by a single key B41J25/18Tabulating B41J25/20Auxiliary type mechanisms for printing distinguishing marks, e.g. for accenting, using dead or half-dead key arrangements, for printing marks in telegraph printers to indicate that machine is receiving B41J25/22for aligning characters for impression B41J25/24Case-shift mechanismsFount-change arrangements B41J25/304Bodily-movable mechanisms for print heads or carriages movable towards or from paper surface line print heads movable towards a cleaning unit B41J2/16588 B41J25/308with print gap adjustment mechanisms B41J25/3082with print gap adjustment means on the print head carriage, e.g. for rotation around a guide bar or using a rotatable eccentric bearing B41J25/3084by means of a spacer contacting the matter to be printed B41J25/3086with print gap adjustment means between the print head and its carriage B41J25/3088with print gap adjustment means on the printer frame, e.g. for rotation of an eccentric carriage guide shaft B41J25/312with print pressure adjustment mechanisms, e.g. pressure-on-the paper mechanisms B41J25/316with tilting motion mechanisms relative to paper surface B41J25/32Impression mechanisms in which a roller co-operates with stationary type-faces B41J25/34Bodily-changeable print heads or carriages B41J27/00Inking apparatus B41J27/02with ink applied by pads or rotary discs B41J27/04Pads or discsInk supply arrangements therefor B41J27/06Arrangements to ensure maximum life of pads or discs B41J27/08Arrangements for multicolour work B41J27/10with ink applied by rollersInk supply arrangements therefor B41J27/12Rollers B41J27/14Arrangements for multicolour work B41J27/16with ink deposited electrostatically or electromagnetically, e.g. powdered ink B41J27/18with liquid ink deposited B41J27/20with ink supplied by capillary action, e.g. through porous type members, through porous platens B41J27/22with inking discs or sectors B41J29/00Details of, or accessories for, typewriters or selective printing mechanisms not otherwise provided for B41J29/02Framework B41J29/023with reduced dimensions for portability B41J3/36 B41J29/026Stackable B41J29/04Means for attaching machines to baseboards B41J29/06Special supports, platforms or trolleys for supporting machines on tables B41J29/08Sound-deadening, or shock-absorbing stands, supports, cases or pads separate from machines B41J29/10Sound-deadening devices embodied in machines B41J29/12Guards, shields or dust excluders B41J29/13Cases or covers B41J29/14Attachments operated by the leg, e.g. the foot, the knee B41J29/15Script supports connected to the typewriter or printer B41J29/16Auxiliary receptacles for articles, e.g. erasers, pencils B41J29/17Cleaning arrangements B41J29/18Mechanisms for rendering the print visible to the operator B41J29/19with reflectors or illuminating devices B41J29/20Arrangements of counting devices B41J29/22Line counters B41J29/24Word counters B41J29/26Devices, non-fluid media or methods for cancelling, correcting errors, underscoring or ruling B41J29/28Writing or like instruments in holders or guides B41J29/30Wheels B41J29/32Type members B41J29/34repeatedly actuated B41J29/36for cancelling or correcting errors by overprinting B41J29/367sheet media carrying a pigmented transferable correction layer B41J29/373sheet media bearing an adhesive layer effective to lift off wrongly typed characters B41J29/377Cooling or ventilating arrangements B41J29/38Drives, motors, controls or automatic cut-off devices for the entire printing mechanism B41J29/387Automatic cut-off devices B41J29/393Devices for controlling or analysing the entire machine ; Controlling or analysing mechanical parameters involving printing of test patterns B41J2029/3932Battery or power source mounted on the carriage B41J2029/3935by means of printed test patterns B41J2029/3937Wireless communication between the printer and the cartridge, carriage or printhead B41J29/40Means for printing fixed, i.e. unchanging, matter in addition to selectable matter B41J29/42Scales and indicators, e.g. for determining side margins B41J29/44for determining top and bottom margins or indicating exhaust of paper B41J29/46Applications of alarms, e.g. responsive to approach of end of line B41J29/48responsive to breakage or exhaustion of paper or approach of bottom of paper B41J29/50Side-stop mechanisms B41J29/52Top-and-bottom stop mechanisms B41J29/54Locking devices applied to printing mechanisms B41J29/56and manually actuated B41J29/58and automatically actuated B41J29/60in response to failure of power supply B41J29/62by the absence of paper to lock hammer mechanism B41J29/64by a function of the printer to lock the keyboard B41J29/66Locking devices actuated when platen reaches the end of a line B41J29/68by completion of a page or predetermined number of lines or exhaustion of paper to lock the keyboard B41J29/70Interlocks between any two-carriage-moving mechanisms, e.g. character-space, back space, tabulation, carriage return or carriage- release mechanisms B41J31/00Ink ribbonsInk-ribbon mechanisms B41J31/00Ink ribbonsRenovating or testing ink ribbons B41J31/02Ink ribbons characterised by the material from which they are woven B41J31/04woven from synthetic material B41J31/05Ink ribbons having coatings other than impression-material coatings B41J31/06the coatings being directly on the base material, i.e. below impression transfer materialInk ribbons having base material impregnated with material other than impression material B41J31/08the coatings being superimposed on impression-transfer material B41J31/09Ink ribbons characterised by areas carrying media for obliteration or removal of typing errors B41J31/10Ink ribbons having arrangements to facilitate threading through a machine B41J31/12Ink ribbons having arrangements to prevent undesired contact between the impression-transfer material and machine parts or other articles B41J31/14Renovating or testing ink ribbons B41J31/16while fitted in the machine using the ink ribbons B41J32/00Ink-ribbon cartridges B41J32/02for endless ribbons B41J33/00Apparatus or arrangements for feeding ink ribbons or like character-size impression-transfer material B41J33/003Ribbon spools spools in general B65H75/00 B41J33/006Arrangements to attach the ribbon to the spool B41J33/02Ribbon arrangements B41J33/04mounted on moving carriages B41J33/06Ribbons associated, but not moving, with typewriter platens, e.g. extending transversely to the length of the platen B41J33/08and extending parallel to the length of the platen B41J33/10Arrangements of endless ribbons B41J33/12Ribbons carried by coaxially-mounted spools B41J33/14Ribbon-feed devices or mechanisms B41J33/16with drive applied to spool or spool spindle B41J33/18by ratchet mechanism B41J33/30 takes precedence B41J33/20by friction B41J33/22by gears or pulleys B41J33/24with drive applied directly to ribbon B41J33/26by rollers engaging the ribbon B41J33/28by mechanism pulling or gripping the ribbon B41J33/30Escapement mechanisms B41J33/32Electromagnetic devices B41J33/34driven by motors independently of the machine as a whole B41J33/36with means for adjusting feeding rate B41J33/38Slow, e.g. "creep", feed mechanisms B41J33/382the ribbon being fed only during carriage return B41J33/384and attached to the carriage during writing B41J33/386the ribbon being fed only by operation of the line spacing mechanism B41J33/388the ribbon being fed only when type impression takes place B41J33/40with arrangements for reversing the feed direction B41J33/42manually B41J33/44automatically B41J33/46and characterised by its application to mechanism in which two spools are driven by pawl-and-rachet mechanism B41J33/48comprising two pawls and ratchets, one for each spool B41J33/50comprising a single pawl or integral double-tooth pawl selectively engageable with two ratchets, one for each spool B41J33/51and characterised by the use of particular reversing control means B41J33/512using a pivoted reversing-feeler engaging the external periphery of the wound ribbon B41J33/514using a pivoted reversing-feeler engaging the interior of the wound ribbon B41J33/516using a reversing-feeler responsive to the tension of the ribbon B41J33/518the reversing-feeler engaging buttons or the like secured to the ribbon near its ends B41J33/52Braking devices therefor B41J33/54for ensuring maximum life of the ribbon B41J33/38 takes precedence B41J33/56Ribbon adjusted transversely B41J33/58Ribbon fed angularly B41J33/60responsive to telegraph code or other extraneous signals B41J35/00Other apparatus or arrangements associated with, or incorporated in, ink-ribbon mechanisms B41J35/02Frames or holders for unwound short lengths of ink ribbons B41J35/03the holder being movable to inoperative position, e.g. by swinging upwardly B41J35/04Ink-ribbon guides B41J35/06stationary B41J35/08with tensioning arrangements B41J35/10Vibrator mechanismsDriving gear therefor B41J35/12adjustable, e.g. for case shift B41J35/14for multicolour workfor ensuring maximum life of ink ribbonfor rendering ink-ribbon inoperative B41J35/16Multicolour arrangements B41J35/18Colour change effected automatically B41J35/20Ink-ribbon shifts, e.g. for exposing print, for case-shift adjustment, for rendering ink ribbon inoperative B41J35/22Mechanisms permitting the selective use of a plurality of ink ribbons B41J35/23with two or more ribbon guides B41J35/24Mechanisms specially adapted for feeding impression-transfer materials of foil form B41J35/26Ink-ribbon shields or backings B41J35/28Detachable carriers or holders for ink-ribbon mechanisms B41J35/30Manifolding or like arrangements B41J35/32for producing a plurality of copies along the printing line by a single ink ribbon B41J35/34using a plurality of separate ink ribbons, e.g. including one hectographic ink ribbon B41J35/35using unwound short lengths of ink ribbons B41J35/36Alarms, indicators, or feed disabling devices responsive to ink ribbon breakage or exhaustion B41J35/38Feeding the ink ribbon to waste after use B41J2202/00 B41J2202/00Embodiments of or processes related to ink-jet or thermal heads B41J2202/01Embodiments of or processes related to ink-jet heads B41J2202/02Air-assisted ejection B41J2202/03Specific materials used B41J2202/04Heads using conductive ink B41J2202/05Heads having a valve B41J2202/06Heads merging droplets coming from the same nozzle B41J2202/07dealing with air bubbles B41J2202/08dealing with thermal variations, e.g. cooling B41J2202/09Ink jet technology used for manufacturing optical filters B41J2202/10Finger type piezoelectric elements B41J2202/11characterised by specific geometrical characteristics B41J2202/12with ink circulating through the whole print head B41J2202/13Heads having an integrated circuit B41J2202/14Mounting head into the printer B41J2202/15Moving nozzle or nozzle plate for moving nozzle or nozzle plate made of thermal bend actuator B41J2002/14435 B41J2202/16Nozzle heaters B41J2202/17Readable information on the head B41J2202/18Electrical connection established using vias B41J2202/19Assembling head units B41J2202/20Modules B41J2202/21Line printing B41J2202/22Manufacturing print heads B41J2202/30Embodiments of or processes related to thermal heads B41J2202/31Thermal printer with head or platen movable B41J2202/32Thermal head for perforating stencil B41J2202/33Thermal printer with pre-coating or post-coating ribbon system B41J2202/34Thermal printer with pre-coating or post-processing B41J2202/35Thermal printing on id card B41J2202/36Thermal printing on disk-shaped medium B41J2202/37Writing and erasing thermal head B41J2202/38Test pattern thermal printing B41J2202/50Embodiments of processes related to optical heads B41J2203/00Embodiments of or processes related to the control of the printing process B41J2203/01Inspecting a printed medium or a medium to be printed using a sensing device B41J2203/011Inspecting the shape or condition, e.g. wrinkled or warped, of a medium to be printed before printing on it