B32B

LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM

This subclass covers:

layered products comprising different kinds of material or layered products not characterised by the particular kind of material used;

a product similar to a layered product but comprising only material in the form of a sheet or network embedded in a mass of plastics or of physically-similar substances which mass penetrates the said sheet or network and lies on both sides of the latter (e.g. so that the sheet or network reinforces the plastics substance) PROVIDED THAT the embedded sheet or network extends coherently or connectedly over substantially the whole area of the product; thus the embedded sheet or network may be a fabric or a series of rods connected by cross wires. The manner of making such a product is, however, classified in this subclass only if it is essentially a process of building-up an assembly of layers of which at least one outer layer is preformed. If the embedded material comprises only a series of unconnected rods, the product is not classified in this subclass.

This subclass does not cover:

processes or apparatus used in, or in connection with, the production or treatment of any product, if the process or apparatus is fully classifiable in a single other class or subclass for processes or apparatus, e.g. B05, B29, B44D, C08J, C09J, C23;

compositions or preparation or treatment thereof, unless they are essentially restricted to layered products and cannot be fully classified in another class without ignoring this restriction;

etched metallic pattern on the surface of a printed circuit board.

In this subclass:

a film formed on a layer by spreading a substance thereon is not considered to constitute a layer itself if it serves only as an adhesive or its purpose is merely to finish a surface of a product

with exclusion to B32B15/01 - B32B15/018, a coating formed directly onto a substrate layer is not considered to constitute a layer when at the moment of its contact with the substrate it does not have the form of a layer with the exception of layers that come under the meaning of Note (4).

groups designating products cover also methods or apparatus specially adapted for producing such products.

In this subclass, the following terms or expressions are used with the meanings indicated:

"layer" is a sheet or strip or anything else having a small thickness relatively to its other dimensions which, together with at least one other layer, exists in a product, whether it pre-existed, e.g. as a separate sheet or strip, or was formed during the production of the layered product, e.g. formed in-situ as with casting, extrusion or moulding. It may be deformed out of the flat plane to form a three-dimensional shape. It may or may not be homogeneous or cohesive; it may be an assembly of fibres or pieces of material. It may be discontinuous, e.g. in the form of a grating, honeycomb, or frame. It may or may not be in complete contact with the next layer, e.g. a corrugated layer against a flat layer;

"layered product" comprises at least two layers secured together. The term "secured" includes any method of uniting layers, e.g. needling, stitching, gluing, nailing, dovetailing or the interposition of an adhesive or adhesive impregnated support. It may also be an intermediate stage in the production of an article which is not layered in its final form, e.g. a panel with a protective layer that is stripped off when the panel is placed in its position of use. The layers are preformed layers or layers formed IN SITU on a preformed layer and may consist of coherent solid materials, including honeycombs and other cellular materials or of non-coherent solid materials composed of assemblies of strands, strips, fibres, tiles or the like;

"filamentary layer" means a layer of threads or filaments of any substance (e.g. wires) of more or less unlimited length placed in an orderly arrangement and secured together; it may be woven, knitted, braided, or netted, or formed of threads crossed or laid side by side and bonded together;

"fibrous layer" means a random assembly of fibres or filaments, usually of limited length, e.g. felt, fleece; the fibres being interengaged or connected, e.g. by adhesive.

If a layered product is characterised by the way it is produced and not by its structure or composition, the production method should be classified in groups B32B37/00 or B32B38/00, or in subclass B29C, for example in groups B29C45/16 or B29C48/18.

In this subclass,

The classification of layered products is provided for in many classes, most of which are confined to a particular kind of material. However, in order that this subclass may provide a basis for making a complete search with respect to layered products, all relevant subject matter is classified in this subclass even though it may also be classified in other classes.

In groups B32B37/00, B32B38/00, B32B41/00 and B32B39/00, the following expressions are used with the meaning indicated:

"lay-up" is considered to be the action of combining separate layers, one on top of the other, in order to form a half-product for entering the laminating process

"laminating" means the action of combining previously unconnected but possibly laid up layers to become one product whose layers will remain together;

"partial laminating" occurs when one layer does not fully cover a surface of another layer, whereby the layer with the greater surface area is laminated on only part of its surface or when two coextensive layers are bonded on only part of their facing surfaces;

"adhesive" means a substance applied in any state or in any manner, which has bonding properties.

In this subclass, combination sets [C-Sets] are used. The detailed information about the C-Sets construction and the associated syntax rules are found in the definitions of B32B.

The following IPC groups are not in the CPC scheme. The subject matter for these IPC groups is classified in the following CPC groups:

B32B3/24

covered by

B32B3/266

B32B17/12

covered by

B32B17/067

B32B1/00

Layered products having a general shape other than plane

For classification of a product in this group, surface unevennesses or non-uniformities and the shape of individual layers are ignored.

B32B1/02

Receptacles

, i.e. rigid containers

, e.g. tanks

B32B1/04

characterised by feature of form at particular places, e.g. in edge regions

not used

B32B1/06

characterised by fillings or added members in hollow portions

not used

B32B1/08

Tubular products

B32B3/00

Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar form fibrous or filamentary layer B32B5/02; particulate layer B32B5/16; foamed layer B32B5/18

Layered products having particular features of form receptacles or tubular products B32B1/00

B32B3/02

characterised by features of form at particular places, e.g. in edge regions

non-uniform thickness B32B3/263

B32B3/04

characterised by

at least one

layer folded at the edge, e.g. over another layer

; characterised by at least one layer enveloping or enclosing a material

B32B3/06

for securing layers together

for attaching the product to another member, e.g. to a support

, or to another product, e.g. groove/tongue, interlocking

B32B3/08

characterised by added members at particular parts

layer formed of separate pieces of material which are juxtaposed side-by-side B32B3/14, B32B3/18

B32B3/085

spaced apart pieces on the surface of a layer

B32B3/10

characterised by a discontinuous layer, i.e. formed of separate pieces of material

In this group, a series of spaced separate elements forming in effect a broken surface should not be regarded as a layer.

B32B3/12

characterised by a layer of regularly- arranged cells, e.g. a honeycomb structure

B32B3/14

characterised by a face layer formed of separate pieces of material

which are juxtaposed side-by-side B32B5/02 takes precedence

B32B3/16

secured to a flexible backing

B32B3/18

characterised by an internal layer formed of separate pieces of material

which are juxtaposed side-by-side B32B5/02 takes precedence

B32B3/20

of hollow pieces, e.g. tubes

of pieces with channels or cavities

B32B3/22

of spaced pieces

not used

B32B3/26

characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer

characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids

foam layer B32B5/18; layer of synthetic resin characterised by fillers that create voids or cavities B32B27/205; characterised by an apertured layer

B32B3/263

characterised by a layer having non-uniform thickness

B32B3/266

characterised by an apertured layer, the apertures going through the whole thickness of the layer, e.g. expanded metal, perforated layer, slit layer regular cells B32B3/12

B32B3/28

characterised by a layer comprising a deformed thin sheet

, i.e. the layer having its entire thickness deformed out of the plane

, e.g. corrugated, crumpled B32B29/08 takes precedence

B32B3/30

characterised by a layer formed with recesses or projections, e.g.

hollows, grooves, protuberances, ribs apertured layer B32B3/266; layer with cavities or internal voids B32B3/26

B32B5/00

Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure

, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts

B32B5/02

characterised by structural features of a

fibrous or filamentary

layer

layer formed of metallic wires B32B15/02; layer formed of natural mineral fibres B32B19/02; layer formed of wood fibres B32B21/02

This group covers, in addition to filamentary and fibrous layers as defined in Note (4) following the title of this subclass, layers of substances having an intrinsic fibrous nature (e.g. paper, wood), if the fibrous nature is important and the particular substance is not important.

When classifying in group B32B5/02, the chemical composition of the fibres is further classified by using the Indexing symbols B32B2262/00 - B32B2262/16.

B32B5/022

Non-woven fabric

B32B5/024

Woven fabric

B32B5/026

Knitted fabric

B32B5/028

Net structure, e.g. spaced apart filaments bonded at the crossing points

B32B5/04

characterised by a layer being specifically extensible by reason of its structure or arrangement

, e.g. by reason of the chemical nature of the fibres or filaments

B32B5/06

characterised by a fibrous

or filamentary

layer

mechanically connected, e.g. by needling

to another layer, e.g. of fibres, of paper

Group B32B5/06 is impacted by reclassification into groups B32B5/067 and B32B5/073.
All groups listed in this Warning should be considered in order to perform a complete search.

B32B5/067

characterised by the fibrous or filamentary layer being mechanically connected by hydroentangling

Group B32B5/067 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group B32B5/06.
All groups listed in this Warning should be considered in order to perform a complete search.

B32B5/073

characterised by the fibrous or filamentary layer being mechanically connected to another layer by sewing, stitching, hook-and-loop fastening or stitchbonding

Group B32B5/073 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group B32B5/06.
All groups listed in this Warning should be considered in order to perform a complete search.

B32B5/08

the fibres or filaments of a layer being of different substances

, e.g. conjugate fibres, mixture of different fibres

B32B5/10

characterised by a fibrous

or filamentary

layer reinforced with filaments

B32B5/12

characterised by the relative arrangement of fibres or filaments of

different layers, e.g. the fibres or filaments being parallel or perpendicular to each other

B32B5/14

characterised by a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts, e.g. denser near its faces

B32B5/142

Variation across the area of the layer

B32B5/145

Variation across the thickness of the layer

B32B5/147

by treatment of the layer

B32B5/16

characterised by features of a layer formed of particles, e.g. chips, powder

or granules layer formed of natural mineral particles B32B19/00; layer being formed of wood fibres, chips or particles B32B21/02

B32B5/18

characterised by features of a layer

foamed material

B32B5/20

foamed in situ

B32B5/22

characterised by the presence of two or more layers which

are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed layer formed of natural mineral fibres or particles next to a foam layer B32B19/047, next to a layer made of particles B32B19/048, or next to a fibrous or filamentary layer B32B19/06; paper layer or cardboard layer next to a paper layer or cardboard layer B32B29/005, next to a foam layer B32B29/007, next to a fibrous or filamentary layer B32B29/02, or next to a particulate layer B32B29/04

B32B5/24

one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer

B32B5/245

another layer next to it being a foam layer

B32B5/26

another layer

next to it

also being fibrous or filamentary

relative arrangement of fibres or filaments of different layers B32B5/12

Group B32B5/26 is impacted by reclassification into groups B32B5/262, B32B5/263, B32B5/265, B32B5/266, B32B5/267, B32B5/268, B32B5/269, B32B5/271, B32B5/273, B32B5/275, B32B5/277, B32B5/279 and B32B5/2795.
All groups listed in this Warning should be considered in order to perform a complete search.

B32B5/262

characterised by one fibrous or filamentary layer being a woven fabric layer

Groups B32B5/262 and B32B5/263 are incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group B32B5/26.
Groups B32B5/26, B32B5/262 and B32B5/263 should be considered in order to perform a complete search.

B32B5/263

next to one or more woven fabric layers

B32B5/265

characterised by one fibrous or filamentary layer being a non-woven fabric layer

Groups B32B5/265, B32B5/266, B32B5/267, B32B5/268, B32B5/269, B32B5/271 and B32B5/273 are incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group B32B5/26.
All groups listed in this Warning should be considered in order to perform a complete search.

B32B5/266

next to one or more non-woven fabric layers

B32B5/267

characterised by at least one non-woven fabric layer that is a spunbonded fabric

B32B5/268

characterised by at least one non-woven fabric layer that is a melt-blown fabric

B32B5/269

characterised by at least one non-woven fabric layer that is a melt-blown fabric next to a non-woven fabric layer that is a spunbonded fabric

B32B5/271

characterised by separate non-woven fabric layers that comprise chemically different strands or fibre material

B32B5/273

including a separate net structure layer

B32B5/275

characterised by one woven fabric layer next to a non-woven fabric layer

Groups B32B5/275 and B32B5/277 are incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group B32B5/26.
Groups B32B5/26, B32B5/275 and B32B5/277 should be considered in order to perform a complete search.

B32B5/277

including an additional non-woven fabric layer

B32B5/279

characterised by a knit fabric layer next to a non-woven fabric layer

Group B32B5/279 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group B32B5/26.
Groups B32B5/26 and B32B5/279 should be considered in order to perform a complete search.

B32B5/2795

characterised by a knit fabric layer next to a woven fabric layer

Group B32B5/2795 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group B32B5/26.
Groups B32B5/26 and B32B5/2795 should be considered in order to perform a complete search.

B32B5/28

impregnated with or embedded in a plastic substance

not used

B32B5/30

one layer

being formed of particles, e.g. chips,

granules, powder

B32B5/32

at least two

layers being foamed

and next to each other

B32B7/00

Layered products characterised by the relation between layers

Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties

Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers

B32B7/02

Physical, chemical or physicochemical properties

B32B7/022

Mechanical properties

B32B7/023

Optical properties

B32B7/025

Electric or magnetic properties

B32B7/027

Thermal properties

B32B7/028

Heat-shrinkability

B32B7/03

with respect to the orientation of features direction of fibres or filaments B32B5/12

B32B7/035

using arrangements of stretched films, e.g. of mono-axially stretched films arranged alternately

B32B7/04

Interconnection of layers

B32B7/05

the layers not being connected over the whole surface, e.g. discontinuous connection or patterned connection using interposed adhesives or bonding materials applied in spaced arrangements B32B7/14

B32B7/06

permitting easy separation

B32B7/08

by mechanical means

B32B7/09

by stitching, needling or sewing by

mechanically connecting

fibrous layers

to another layer

B32B5/06

B32B7/10

at least one layer having inter-reactive properties

B32B7/12

using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties

B32B7/14

applied in spaced arrangements, e.g. in stripes

B32B9/00

Layered products characterised by particular substances used

In groups B32B9/00 - B32B29/00, the following expressions are used with the meanings indicated:

"specific substance" covers specified alternative substances if they are all covered by a single main group;

"particulate layer" means a layer of particles, e.g. chips, chopped fibres, powder;

"essentially" means that if an alteration or removal of such a layer occurred it would alter the scope of the invention

B32B9/00

Layered products comprising a

layer of a

particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00

B32B9/002

comprising natural stone or artificial stone

B32B9/005

comprising one layer of ceramic material, e.g. porcelain, ceramic tile layered products with at least two ceramic layers composed mainly of ceramic B32B18/00

B32B9/007

comprising carbon, e.g. graphite, composite carbon

B32B9/02

comprising animal or vegetable substances

, e.g. cork, bamboo, starch

B32B9/025

comprising leather

B32B9/04

comprising such

particular

substance as the main or only constituent of a layer,

which is

next to another layer of

the same or of

different material next to a glass layer B32B17/06; layered products with at least two ceramic layers composed mainly of ceramic B32B18/00

B32B9/041

of metal

B32B9/042

of wood

B32B9/043

of natural rubber or synthetic rubber

B32B9/045

of synthetic resin

B32B9/046

of foam

B32B9/047

made of fibres or filaments

B32B9/048

made of particles

B32B9/06

of paper or cardboard

B32B11/00

Layered products comprising

a layer of

bituminous or tarry substances

B32B11/02

with fibres or particles

being present as additives in the layer

B32B11/04

comprising such

bituminous or tarry

substance as the main or only constituent of a layer,

which is

next to another layer of

the same or of

different material next to a glass layer B32B17/06

B32B11/042

of wood

B32B11/044

of natural rubber or synthetic rubber

B32B11/046

of synthetic resin

B32B11/048

of foam

B32B11/06

of paper or cardboard

B32B11/08

of metal

B32B11/10

next to a fibrous or filamentary layer

B32B11/12

next to a particulate layer

B32B13/00

Layered products comprising a

a layer of

water-setting substance, e.g. concrete, plaster, asbestos cement, or like builders' material

B32B13/02

with fibres or particles

being present as additives in the layer

B32B13/04

comprising such

water setting

substance as the main or only constituent of a layer,

which is

next to another layer of

the same or of

different material next to a glass layer B32B17/06

B32B13/042

of natural rubber or synthetic rubber

B32B13/045

of foam

B32B13/047

made of particles

B32B13/06

of metal

B32B13/08

of paper or cardboard

B32B13/10

of wood

of wood particle board

B32B13/12

of synthetic resin

B32B13/14

next to a fibrous or filamentary layer

B32B15/00

Layered products comprising

a layer of

metal

B32B15/01

all layers being exclusively metallic

making layered metal workpieces by pressure cladding B23K20/22; making coatings with a metallic material characterised by its composition C23C30/00

B32B15/011

all layers being formed of iron alloys or steels

B32B15/012

one layer being formed of an iron alloy or steel, another layer being formed of aluminium or an aluminium alloy

B32B15/013

one layer being formed of an iron alloy or steel, another layer being formed of a metal other than iron or aluminium

B32B15/015

the said other metal being copper or nickel or an alloy thereof

B32B15/016

all layers being formed of aluminium or aluminium alloys

B32B15/017

one layer being formed of aluminium or an aluminium alloy, another layer being formed of an alloy based on a non ferrous metal other than aluminium

B32B15/018

one layer being formed of a noble metal or a noble metal alloy

B32B15/02

Layer formed of wires, e.g. mesh

B32B15/04

comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer,

which is

next to another layer of

the same or of

different material next to a bituminous or tarry layer B32B11/08; next to a water-setting substance layer B32B13/06; next to a glass layer B32B17/061; next to a cellulosic plastic layer B32B23/042

B32B15/043

of metal B32B15/01 takes precedence

B32B15/046

of foam

B32B15/06

natural rubber or synthetic

rubber

B32B15/08

of synthetic resin

B32B15/082

comprising vinyl resins

comprising acrylic resins

B32B15/085

comprising polyolefins

B32B15/088

comprising polyamides

B32B15/09

comprising polyesters

B32B15/092

comprising epoxy resins

B32B15/095

comprising polyurethanes

B32B15/098

comprising condensation resins of aldehydes, e.g. with phenols, ureas or melamines

B32B15/10

of wood

B32B15/12

of paper or cardboard

B32B15/14

next to a fibrous or filamentary layer

B32B15/16

next to a particulate layer

B32B15/18

comprising iron or steel

B32B15/011, B32B15/012 and B32B15/013 take precedence

B32B15/20

comprising aluminium or copper

B32B15/016 and B32B15/017 take precedence

B32B17/00

Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres

In this group, a layer of organic glass is not considered as a glass layer but as a synthetic resin layer.

B32B17/02

in the form of fibres or filaments

B32B17/04

bonded with or embedded in a plastic substance

B32B17/06

comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific

material

B32B17/061

of metal

B32B17/062

of wood

B32B17/063

of rubber

B32B17/065

of paper or cardboard

B32B17/066

of foam

B32B17/067

of fibres or filaments

B32B17/068

of particles

B32B17/069

of intumescent material B32B17/10311 takes precedence

B32B17/08

of cellulosic plastic substance

or gelatin

B32B17/10

of synthetic resin

B32B17/10005

laminated safety glass or glazing

In this group, C-Sets are used. The detailed information about the C-Sets construction and the associated syntax rules is present in the Definitions of B32B.

B32B17/10009

characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets

B32B17/10018

comprising only one glass sheet

B32B17/10027

the glass sheet not being an outer layer

B32B17/10036

comprising two outer glass sheets

B32B17/10045

with at least one intermediate layer consisting of a glass sheet

B32B17/10055

with at least one intermediate air space

B32B17/10064

comprising at least two glass sheets, only one of which being an outer layer

B32B17/10073

comprising at least two glass sheets, neither of which being an outer layer

B32B17/10082

Properties of the bulk of a glass sheet

B32B17/10091

thermally hardened

B32B17/101

having a predetermined coefficient of thermal expansion [CTE]

B32B17/1011

having predetermined tint or excitation purity

B32B17/10119

having a composition deviating from the basic composition of soda-lime glass, e.g. borosilicate

B32B17/10128

Treatment of at least one glass sheet

B32B17/10137

Chemical strengthening

B32B17/10146

Face treatment, e.g. etching, grinding or sand blasting

B32B17/10155

Edge treatment or chamfering

B32B17/10165

Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing

B32B17/10174

Coatings of a metallic or dielectric material on a constituent layer of glass or polymer

B32B17/10183

being not continuous, e.g. in edge regions

B32B17/10192

patterned in the form of columns or grids

B32B17/10201

Dielectric coatings

B32B17/10211

Doped dielectric layer, electrically conductive, e.g. SnO₂:F

B32B17/1022

Metallic coatings

B32B17/10229

Metallic layers sandwiched by dielectric layers

B32B17/10238

in the form of particles

B32B17/10247

Laminated safety glass or glazing containing decorations or patterns for aesthetic reasons containing metal wires for aesthetic reasons B32B17/10422

B32B17/10256

created by printing techniques

B32B17/10266

on glass pane

B32B17/10275

on interlayer

B32B17/10284

on intermediate layer

B32B17/10293

Edge features, e.g. inserts or holes

B32B17/10302

Edge sealing

B32B17/10311

Intumescent layers for fire protection

B32B17/10321

Laminated safety glass or glazing containing liquid layers

B32B17/1033

Laminated safety glass or glazing containing temporary protective coatings or layers

B32B17/10339

Specific parts of the laminated safety glass or glazing being colored or tinted tinted glass sheet B32B17/1011; tinted interlayer B32B17/10651

B32B17/10348

comprising an obscuration band

B32B17/10357

comprising a tinted intermediate film

B32B17/10366

Reinforcements of the laminated safety glass or glazing against impact or intrusion containing metal wires for reinforcement B32B17/10412

B32B17/10376

Laminated safety glass or glazing containing metal wires

B32B17/10385

for ohmic resistance heating

B32B17/10394

Alarm wires

B32B17/10403

for radiation shielding

B32B17/10412

for reinforcement

B32B17/10422

for aesthetic reasons

B32B17/10431

Specific parts for the modulation of light incorporated into the laminated safety glass or glazing

B32B17/1044

Invariable transmission

B32B17/10449

Wavelength selective transmission

B32B17/10458

Polarization selective transmission

B32B17/10467

Variable transmission

B32B17/10477

thermochromic

B32B17/10486

photochromic

B32B17/10495

optoelectronic, i.e. optical valve

B32B17/10504

Liquid crystal layer

B32B17/10513

Electrochromic layer

B32B17/10522

Electrophoretic layer

B32B17/10532

Suspended particle layer

B32B17/10541

comprising a light source or a light guide

B32B17/1055

characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer

B32B17/10559

Shape of the cross-section

B32B17/10568

varying in thickness

B32B17/10577

Surface roughness

B32B17/10587

created by embossing

B32B17/10596

created by melt fracture

B32B17/10605

Type of plasticiser

B32B17/10614

comprising particles for purposes other than dyeing

B32B17/10623

Whitening agents reflecting visible light

B32B17/10633

Infrared radiation absorbing or reflecting agents

B32B17/10642

Thermally conductive agents

B32B17/10651

comprising colorants, e.g. dyes or pigments

B32B17/1066

imparting a tint in certain regions only, i.e. shade band

B32B17/10669

Luminescent agents

B32B17/10678

comprising UV absorbers or stabilizers, e.g. antioxidants

B32B17/10688

Adjustment of the adherence to the glass layers

B32B17/10697

being cross-linked

B32B17/10706

being photo-polymerized

B32B17/10715

containing polyether

B32B17/10724

containing polyamide

B32B17/10733

containing epoxy

B32B17/10743

containing acrylate (co)polymers or salts thereof

B32B17/10752

containing polycarbonate

B32B17/10761

containing vinyl acetal

B32B17/1077

containing polyurethane

B32B17/10779

containing polyester

B32B17/10788

containing ethylene vinylacetate

B32B17/10798

containing silicone

B32B17/10807

Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor

B32B17/10816

by pressing

B32B17/10825

Isostatic pressing, i.e. using non rigid pressure-exerting members against rigid parts

B32B17/10834

using a fluid

B32B17/10844

using a membrane between the layered product and the fluid

B32B17/10853

the membrane being bag-shaped

B32B17/10862

using pressing-rolls

B32B17/10871

in combination with particular heat treatment

B32B17/1088

by superposing a plurality of layered products

B32B17/10889

shaping the sheets, e.g. by using a mould B32B17/10816 takes precedence

B32B17/10899

by introducing interlayers of synthetic resin

B32B17/10908

in liquid form

B32B17/10917

between two pre-positioned glass layers

B32B17/10926

by spraying

B32B17/10935

as a preformed layer, e.g. formed by extrusion

B32B17/10944

in powder form

B32B17/10954

by using an aligning laminating device

B32B17/10963

specially adapted for repairing the layered products

B32B17/10972

Degassing during the lamination B32B17/10816 takes precedence

B32B17/10981

Pre-treatment of the layers

B32B17/1099

After-treatment of the layered product, e.g. cooling

B32B18/00

Layered products essentially comprising ceramics, e.g. refractory products

In group B32B18/00, features relating to interlayers,additional compositional information or further processing are indexed with symbols chosen from C04B2237/00 - C04B2237/88

B32B19/00

Layered products comprising

a layer of

natural mineral fibres or particles, e.g. asbestos, mica

B32B19/02

the layer of fibres or particles being impregnated or

embedded in a plastic substance

B32B19/04

next to another layer of

the same or of

different material next to a glass layer B32B17/067

B32B19/041

of metal

B32B19/042

of wood

B32B19/043

of natural rubber or synthetic rubber

B32B19/045

of synthetic resin

B32B19/046

of paper or cardboard

B32B19/047

of foam

B32B19/048

made of particles

B32B19/06

next to a fibrous or filamentary layer

B32B19/08

comprising asbestos

B32B21/00

Layered products comprising

a layer of

wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board

B32B21/02

the layer being formed

of fibres, chips, or particles

, e.g. MDF, HDF, OSB, chipboard, particle board, hardboard

B32B21/04

comprising wood as the main or only constituent of a layer,

which is

next to another layer of

the same or of

different material next to a layer of a particular substance B32B9/042; next to a bituminous or tarry layer B32B11/042; next to a water setting substance layer B32B13/10; next to a metal layer B32B15/10; next to a glass layer B32B17/062; next to a layer formed of natural mineral fibres or particles B32B19/042; next to a cellulosic plastic layer B32B23/044

B32B21/042

of wood B32B21/13 takes precedence

B32B21/045

of natural rubber or synthetic rubber

B32B21/047

of foam

B32B21/06

of paper or cardboard

B32B21/08

of synthetic resin

B32B21/10

Next to a fibrous or filamentary layer

B32B21/12

next to a particulate layer

B32B21/13

all layers being exclusively wood

B32B21/14

comprising wood board or veneer

B32B23/00

Layered products comprising

a layer of

cellulosic plastic substances

, i.e. substances obtained by chemical modification of cellulose, e.g. cellulose ethers, cellulose esters, viscose

B32B23/02

in the form of fibres or filaments

not used

B32B23/04

comprising such

cellulosic plastic

substance as the main or only constituent of a layer,

which is

next to another layer of

the same or of

different material next to a glass layer B32B17/08

B32B23/042

of metal

B32B23/044

of wood

B32B23/046

of natural rubber or synthetic rubber

B32B23/048

of foam

B32B23/06

of paper or cardboard

B32B23/08

of synthetic resin

B32B23/10

next to a fibrous or filamentary layer

B32B23/12

next to a particulate layer

B32B23/14

characterised by containing special compounding ingredients

B32B23/16

Modifying agents

B32B23/18

Fillers

B32B23/20

comprising esters

B32B23/22

comprising ethers

B32B25/00

Layered products comprising

a layer of

natural or synthetic rubber

fibrous or filamentary layer made of a natural or synthetic rubber B32B5/02; particulate layer made of a natural or synthetic rubber B32B5/16; foamed layer made of a natural or synthetic rubber B32B5/18

B32B25/02

with fibres or particles

being present as additives in the layer

B32B25/04

comprising rubber as the main or only constituent of a layer,

which is

next to another layer of

the same or of

different material next to a layer of a particular substance B32B9/043; next to a bituminous or tarry layer B32B11/044; next to a water setting substance layer B32B13/042; next to a metal layer B32B15/06; next to a glass layer B32B17/063; next to a layer formed of natural mineral fibres or particles B32B19/043; next to a wood layer B32B21/045; next to a cellulosic plastic layer B32B23/046

B32B25/042

of natural rubber or synthetic rubber

B32B25/045

of foam

B32B25/047

of particles

B32B25/06

of paper or cardboard

B32B25/08

of synthetic resin

B32B25/10

next to a fibrous or filamentary layer

B32B25/12

comprising natural rubber

B32B25/14

comprising

synthetic rubber copolymers B32B25/18 and B32B25/20 take precedence

B32B25/16

comprising polydienes

homopolymers

or poly-halodienes

homopolymers B32B25/12 takes precedence

B32B25/18

comprising butyl or halobutyl rubber

B32B25/20

comprising silicone rubber

B32B27/00

Layered products comprising

a layer of

synthetic resin

fibrous or filamentary layer made of a synthetic resin B32B5/02; particulate layer made of a synthetic resin B32B5/16; foamed layer made of a synthetic resin B32B5/18

This group covers all synthetic resins except those covered by B32B25/00 or B32B23/00

B32B27/02

in the form of fibres or filaments

not used

B32B27/04

as impregnant, bonding, or embedding substance

not used

B32B27/06

as the main or only constituent of a layer,

which is

next to another layer of

the same or of

different material next to a layer of a particular substance B32B9/045; next to a bituminous or tarry layer B32B11/046; next to a water setting substance layer B32B13/12; next to a metal layer B32B15/08; next to a glass layer B32B17/10; next to a layer formed of natural mineral fibres or particles B32B19/045; next to a wood layer B32B21/08; next to a cellulosic plastic layer B32B23/08; next to a natural or synthetic rubber layer B32B25/08

B32B27/065

of foam

B32B27/08

of synthetic resin

B32B27/10

of paper or cardboard

B32B27/12

next to a fibrous or filamentary layer

B32B27/14

next to a particulate layer

B32B27/16

specially treated, e.g. irradiated

B32B27/18

characterised by the use of special additives

B32B27/20

using fillers, pigments, thixotroping agents

B32B27/205

the fillers creating voids or cavities, e.g. by stretching

B32B27/22

using plasticisers

B32B27/24

using solvents or swelling agents

B32B27/26

using curing agents

B32B27/28

comprising synthetic resins not wholly covered by any one of the sub-groups

B32B27/30 - B32B27/42

B32B27/281

comprising polyimides

B32B27/283

comprising polysiloxanes

B32B27/285

comprising polyethers

B32B27/286

comprising polysulphones; polysulfides

B32B27/288

comprising polyketones

B32B27/30

comprising vinyl

(co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers

B32B27/302

comprising aromatic vinyl (co)polymers, e.g. styrenic (co)polymers

B32B27/304

comprising vinyl halide (co)polymers, e.g. PVC, PVDC, PVF, PVDF

B32B27/306

comprising vinyl acetate or vinyl alcohol (co)polymers

B32B27/308

comprising acrylic (co)polymers

B32B27/32

comprising polyolefins

comprising vinyl (co)polymers or acrylic (co)polymers B32B27/30

B32B27/322

comprising halogenated polyolefins, e.g. PTFE

B32B27/325

comprising polycycloolefins

B32B27/327

comprising polyolefins obtained by a metallocene or single-site catalyst

B32B27/34

comprising polyamides

B32B27/36

comprising polyesters

B32B27/365

comprising polycarbonates

B32B27/38

comprising epoxy resins

B32B27/40

comprising polyurethanes

B32B27/42

comprising condensation resins of aldehydes, e.g. with phenols, ureas or melamines

B32B29/00

Layered products comprising

a layer of

paper or cardboard

B32B29/002

as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material next to a layer of a particular substance B32B9/06; next to a bituminous or tarry layer B32B11/06; next to a water-setting substance layer B32B13/08; next to a metal layer B32B15/12; next to a glass layer B32B17/065; next to a layer formed of natural mineral fibres or particles B32B19/046; next to a wood layer B32B21/06; next to a cellulosic plastic layer B32B23/06; next to a natural or synthetic rubber layer B32B25/06; next to a synthetic resin layer B32B27/10

B32B29/005

next to another layer of paper or cardboard layer

B32B29/007

next to a foam layer

B32B29/02

next to a fibrous or filamentary layer

B32B29/04

next to a particulate layer

B32B29/06

specially treated, e.g. surfaced, parchmentised

B32B29/08

Corrugated paper or cardboard

B32B33/00

Layered products characterised by particular properties or particular surface features, e.g. particular surface coatings

Layered products designed for particular purposes not covered by another single class

B32B37/00

Methods or apparatus for making layered products

Treatment of the layers or of the layered products

In groups B32B37/00 , B32B38/00, B32B41/00 and B32B39/00, the following expressions are used with the meaning indicated:

"lay-up" is condisered to be the action of combining separate layers,one on top of the other, in order to form a half-product for entering the laminating process

"laminating" means the action of combining previously unconnected but possibly laid up layers to become one product whose layers will remain together;

"partial laminating" occurs when one layer does not fully cover a surface of another layer, whereby the layer with the greater surface area is laminated on only part of its surface;

"adhesive" means a layer, or part of a layer, applied in any state or in any manner which is incorporated for the purpose of bonding.

B32B37/00

Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding

B32B37/0007

involving treatment or provisions in order to avoid deformation or air inclusion, e.g. to improve surface quality

B32B37/0015

to avoid warp or curl

B32B37/0023

around holes, apertures or channels present in at least one layer

B32B37/003

to avoid air inclusion

B32B37/0038

involving application of liquid to the layers prior to lamination, e.g. wet laminating B32B37/12 takes precedence

B32B37/0046

characterised by constructional aspects of the apparatus

B32B37/0053

Constructional details of laminating machines comprising rollers; Constructional features of the rollers

B32B2037/0061

the apparatus being an office laminator

B32B2037/0069

the apparatus being originally designed for another function, e.g. printer, photocopier

B32B37/0076

characterised in that the layers are not bonded on the totality of their surfaces

B32B37/0084

Point bonding

B32B2037/0092

in which absence of adhesives is explicitly presented as an advantage

B32B37/02

characterised by a sequence of laminating steps, e.g. by adding new layers at consecutive laminating stations

B32B37/025

Transfer laminating

B32B37/04

characterised by the partial melting of at least one layer

B32B37/06

characterised by the heating method

B32B37/065

resulting in the laminate being partially bonded B32B37/0076 takes precedence

B32B37/08

characterised by the cooling method

B32B37/085

Quenching

B32B37/10

characterised by the pressing technique, e.g. using action of vacuum or fluid pressure

B32B37/1009

using vacuum and fluid pressure

B32B37/1018

using only vacuum

B32B37/1027

Pressing using at least one press band

B32B37/1036

Pressing between one press band and a cylinder

B32B37/1045

Intermittent pressing, e.g. by oscillating or reciprocating motion of the pressing means B32B37/0076 takes precedence

B32B37/1054

Regulating the dimensions of the laminate, e.g. by adjusting the nip or platen gap

B32B2037/1063

using an electrostatic force

B32B2037/1072

using a fluid jet

B32B2037/1081

using a magnetic force

B32B2037/109

using a squeegee

B32B37/12

characterised by using adhesives

B32B37/1207

Heat-activated adhesive B32B37/04 takes precedence

B32B2037/1215

Hot-melt adhesive

B32B2037/1223

film-shaped

B32B2037/123

net-shaped

B32B2037/1238

in the form of powder

B32B2037/1253

curable adhesive

B32B2037/1261

moisture curable

B32B2037/1269

multi-component adhesive

B32B2037/1276

water-based adhesive

B32B37/1284

Application of adhesive

B32B37/1292

selectively, e.g. in stripes, in patterns B32B37/0076 takes precedence

B32B37/14

characterised by the properties of the layers

B32B37/142

Laminating of sheets, panels or inserts, e.g. stiffeners, by wrapping in at least one outer layer, or inserting into a preformed pocket

B32B37/144

using layers with different mechanical or chemical conditions or properties, e.g. layers with different thermal shrinkage, layers under tension during bonding constructional features for tensioning B32B38/1825

B32B37/146

whereby one or more of the layers is a honeycomb structure

B32B2037/148

whereby layers material is selected in order to facilitate recycling of the laminate

B32B37/15

with at least one layer being manufactured and immediately laminated before reaching its stable state, e.g. in which a layer is extruded and laminated while in semi-molten state

B32B37/153

at least one layer is extruded and immediately laminated while in semi-molten state

B32B37/156

at least one layer is calendered and immediately laminated

B32B37/16

with all layers existing as coherent layers before laminating

B32B37/18

involving the assembly of discrete sheets or panels only

B32B37/182

one or more of the layers being plastic

B32B37/185

Laminating sheets, panels or inserts between two discrete plastic layers

B32B37/187

the layers being placed in a carrier before going through the lamination process

B32B37/20

involving the assembly of continuous webs only

B32B37/203

One or more of the layers being plastic

B32B37/206

Laminating a continuous layer between two continuous plastic layers

B32B37/22

involving the assembly of both discrete and continuous layers

B32B37/223

One or more of the layers being plastic

B32B37/226

Laminating sheets, panels or inserts between two continuous plastic layers

B32B37/24

with at least one layer not being coherent before laminating, e.g. made up from granular material sprinkled onto a substrate B32B37/15 takes precedence

B32B2037/243

Coating

B32B2037/246

Vapour deposition

B32B37/26

with at least one layer which influences the bonding during the lamination process, e.g. release layers or pressure equalising layers

B32B2037/262

Partition plates or sheets for separating several laminates pressed simultaneously

B32B2037/264

Pressure equalizing layers

B32B2037/266

Cushioning layers

B32B2037/268

Release layers

B32B37/28

involving assembly of non-flat intermediate products which are flattened at a later step, e.g. tubes

B32B37/30

Partial laminating

B32B38/00

Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes

In this group, the following expression is used with the meaning indicated:

"in connection with laminating processes" means ancillary operations are carried out either

as steps of the lamination processes, or

in line with the lamination processes, just before or immediately after.

B32B38/0004

Cutting, tearing or severing, e.g. bursting; Cutter details cutting in general B26D; laminating combined with punching or perforating B32B38/04; removing all or part of the layers B32B38/10; cutting in combination with laying up and registration B32B38/185 takes precedence

B32B38/0008

Electrical discharge treatment, e.g. corona, plasma treatment; wave energy or particle radiation heat treatment B32B38/0036

B32B38/0012

Mechanical treatment, e.g. roughening, deforming, stretching

B32B2038/0016

Abrading

B32B2038/002

Sandblasting

B32B2038/0024

Crushing

B32B2038/0028

Stretching, elongating

B32B38/0032

increasing porosity B32B38/04 takes precedence

B32B38/0036

Heat treatment for heating or cooling of layers during lamination B32B37/06, B32B37/08

B32B38/004

by physically contacting the layers, e.g. by the use of heated platens or rollers

B32B2038/0044

for creating local stresses

B32B2038/0048

Annealing, relaxing

B32B2038/0052

Other operations not otherwise provided for

B32B2038/0056

Moistening

B32B2038/006

Relieving internal or residual stresses

B32B2038/0064

Smoothing, polishing, making a glossy surface

B32B2038/0068

Changing crystal orientation

B32B2038/0072

Orienting fibers

B32B2038/0076

Curing, vulcanising, cross-linking

B32B2038/008

Sewing, stitching

B32B2038/0084

Foaming

B32B2038/0088

Expanding, swelling

B32B2038/0092

Metallizing

B32B2038/0096

Riveting

B32B38/04

Punching, slitting or perforating

B32B2038/042

Punching

B32B2038/045

Slitting

B32B2038/047

Perforating

B32B38/06

Embossing

B32B38/08

Impregnating

B32B38/10

Removing layers, or parts of layers, mechanically or chemically

B32B38/105

on edges

B32B38/12

Deep-drawing

B32B38/14

Printing or colouring

B32B38/145

Printing

B32B38/16

Drying

Softening

Cleaning

B32B38/162

Cleaning

B32B38/164

Drying

B32B2038/166

Removing moisture

B32B2038/168

Removing solvent

B32B38/18

Handling of layers or the laminate

B32B38/1808

characterised by the laying up of the layers

B32B38/1816

Cross feeding of one or more of the layers

B32B38/1825

characterised by the control or constructional features of devices for tensioning, stretching or registration

B32B38/1833

Positioning, e.g. registration or centering

B32B38/1841

during laying up

B32B38/185

combined with the cutting of one or more layers

B32B38/1858

using vacuum

B32B38/1866

conforming the layers or laminate to a convex or concave profile

B32B38/1875

Tensioning

B32B38/1883

Detensioning

B32B2038/1891

Using a robot for handling the layers

B32B39/00

Layout of apparatus or plants, e.g. modular laminating systems

B32B41/00

Arrangements for controlling or monitoring lamination processes

Safety arrangements

B32B41/02

Safety arrangements

B32B2041/04

Detecting wrong registration, misalignment, deviation, failure

B32B2041/06

Starting the lamination machine or method

B32B43/00

Operations specially adapted for layered products and not otherwise provided for, e.g. repairing

Apparatus therefor

B32B43/003

Cutting

B32B43/006

Delaminating

B32B2250/00

Layer arrangements

Coating, impregnation or embedding of layers

Composition of fibres, particles or foam present on a layer

Resin or rubber layer containing a blend of polymers or recycled material

B32B2250/00

Layers arrangement

B32B2250/02

2 layers

B32B2250/03

3 layers

B32B2250/04

4 layers

B32B2250/05

5 or more layers

B32B2250/20

All layers being fibrous or filamentary

B32B2250/22

All layers being foamed

B32B2250/24

All layers being polymeric

B32B2250/242

All polymers belonging to those covered by group B32B27/32

B32B2250/244

All polymers belonging to those covered by group B32B27/36

B32B2250/246

All polymers belonging to those covered by groups B32B27/32 and B32B27/30

B32B2250/248

All polymers belonging to those covered by group B32B25/00

B32B2250/26

All layers being made of paper or paperboard

B32B2250/40

Symmetrical or sandwich layers, e.g. ABA, ABCBA, ABCCBA

B32B2250/42

Alternating layers, e.g. ABAB(C), AABBAABB(C)

B32B2250/44

Number of layers variable across the laminate

B32B2255/00

Coating on the layer surface

This group is for classification of coatings on a layered product. Specific details of coatings or processes thereof can be found in C08J7/00, B05D, C09D, C09J, C23C or D06M.

B32B2255/02

on fibrous or filamentary layer

B32B2255/04

on a particulate layer

B32B2255/06

on metal layer

B32B2255/062

metal layer being a foamed layer

B32B2255/08

on wood layer

B32B2255/10

on synthetic resin layer or on natural or synthetic rubber layer

B32B2255/102

synthetic resin or rubber layer being a foamed layer

B32B2255/12

on paper layer

B32B2255/20

Inorganic coating

B32B2255/205

Metallic coating

B32B2255/24

Organic non-macromolecular coating

B32B2255/26

Polymeric coating

B32B2255/28

Multiple coating on one surface

B32B2260/00

Layered product comprising an impregnated, embedded, or bonded layer wherein the layer comprises an impregnation, embedding, or binder material

B32B2260/02

Composition of the impregnated, bonded or embedded layer

B32B2260/021

Fibrous or filamentary layer layers of natural mineral fibres or particles being impregnated in a plastic substance B32B19/02

B32B2260/023

Two or more layers

B32B2260/025

Particulate layer layers of natural mineral fibres or particles being impregnated in a plastic substance B32B19/02

B32B2260/026

Wood layer

B32B2260/028

Paper layer

B32B2260/04

Impregnation, embedding, or binder material

B32B2260/042

Bituminous or tarry substance

B32B2260/044

Water-setting substance, e.g. concrete, plaster

B32B2260/046

Synthetic resin

B32B2260/048

Natural or synthetic rubber

B32B2262/00

Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives

B32B2262/02

Synthetic macromolecular fibres

B32B2262/0207

Elastomeric fibres

B32B2262/0215

Thermoplastic elastomer fibers

B32B2262/0223

Vinyl resin fibres

B32B2262/023

Aromatic vinyl resin, e.g. styrenic (co)polymers

B32B2262/0238

Vinyl halide, e.g. PVC, PVDC, PVF, PVDF

B32B2262/0246

Acrylic resin fibres

B32B2262/0253

Polyolefin fibres vinyl or acrylic copolymers B32B2262/0223 or B32B2262/0246

B32B2262/0261

Polyamide fibres

B32B2262/0269

Aromatic polyamide fibres

B32B2262/0276

Polyester fibres

B32B2262/0284

Polyethylene terephthalate [PET] or polybutylene terephthalate [PBT]

B32B2262/0292

Polyurethane fibres

B32B2262/04

Cellulosic plastic fibres, e.g. rayon

B32B2262/06

Vegetal fibres

B32B2262/062

Cellulose fibres, e.g. cotton

B32B2262/065

Lignocellulosic fibres, e.g. jute, sisal, hemp, flax, bamboo

B32B2262/067

Wood fibres

B32B2262/08

Animal fibres, e.g. hair, wool, silk

B32B2262/10

Inorganic fibres layered products comprising a layer of natural mineral fibres B32B19/00

B32B2262/101

Glass fibres

B32B2262/103

Metal fibres

B32B2262/105

Ceramic fibres

B32B2262/106

Carbon fibres, e.g. graphite fibres

B32B2262/108

Rockwool fibres

B32B2262/12

Conjugate fibres, e.g. core/sheath or side-by-side

B32B2262/124

Non-woven fabric

B32B2262/128

Woven fabric

B32B2262/132

Knitted fabric

B32B2262/136

Net structure

B32B2262/14

Mixture of at least two fibres made of different materials

B32B2262/144

Non-woven fabric

B32B2262/148

Woven fabric

B32B2262/152

Knitted fabric

B32B2262/156

Net structure

B32B2262/16

Structural features of fibres, filaments or yarns e.g. wrapped, coiled, crimped or covered

B32B2264/00

Composition or properties of particles which form a particulate layer or are present as additives

B32B2264/02

Synthetic macromolecular particles

B32B2264/0207

Particles made of materials belonging to B32B25/00

B32B2264/0214

Particles made of materials belonging to B32B27/00

B32B2264/0221

Thermoplastic elastomer particles

B32B2264/0228

Vinyl resin particles, e.g. polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl alcohol polymers or ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers

B32B2264/0235

Aromatic vinyl resin, e.g. styrenic (co)polymers

B32B2264/0242

Vinyl halide, e.g. PVC, PVDC, PVF or PVDF (co)polymers

B32B2264/025

Acrylic resin particles, e.g. polymethyl methacrylate or ethylene-acrylate copolymers

B32B2264/0257

Polyolefin particles, e.g. polyethylene or polypropylene homopolymers or ethylene-propylene copolymers

B32B2264/0264

Polyamide particles

B32B2264/0271

Aromatic polyamide particles

B32B2264/0278

Polyester particles

B32B2264/0285

PET or PBT

B32B2264/0292

Polyurethane particles

B32B2264/04

Cellulosic particles, e.g. rayon

B32B2264/06

Vegetal particles

B32B2264/062

Cellulose particles, e.g. cotton

B32B2264/065

Lignocellulosic particles, e.g. jute, sisal, hemp, flax, bamboo

B32B2264/067

Wood particles

B32B2264/08

Animal particles, e.g. leather

B32B2264/10

Inorganic particles

B32B2264/101

Glass

B32B2264/102

Oxide or hydroxide

B32B2264/1021

Silica

B32B2264/1022

Titania

B32B2264/1023

Alumina

B32B2264/1024

Zirconia

B32B2264/1025

Zinc oxide

B32B2264/1026

Mica

B32B2264/1027

Clay

B32B2264/104

Oxysalt, e.g. carbonate, sulfate, phosphate or nitrate particles

B32B2264/105

Metal

B32B2264/1051

Silver or gold

B32B2264/1052

Aluminum

B32B2264/1053

Alkali metal

B32B2264/1054

Alkaline earth metal

B32B2264/1055

Copper or nickel

B32B2264/1056

Iron or steel

B32B2264/1057

Chromium

B32B2264/1058

Titanium

B32B2264/1059

Zinc

B32B2264/107

Ceramic

B32B2264/108

Carbon, e.g. graphite particles

B32B2264/12

Mixture of at least two particles made of different materials

B32B2264/20

Particles characterised by shape

B32B2264/201

Flat or platelet-shaped particles, e.g. flakes

B32B2264/202

Solid spheres

B32B2264/203

Expanded, porous or hollow particles

B32B2264/2031

Porous particles

B32B2264/2032

Hollow spheres

B32B2264/204

Rod- or needle-shaped particles

B32B2264/30

Particles characterised by physical dimension

B32B2264/301

Average diameter smaller than 100 nm

B32B2264/302

Average diameter in the range from 100 nm to 1000 nm

B32B2264/303

Average diameter greater than 1µm

B32B2264/304

Particle length

B32B2264/305

Particle size distribution, e.g. unimodal size distribution

B32B2264/306

Multimodal particle size distribution

B32B2264/3065

bimodal size distribution

B32B2264/307

Surface area of particles

B32B2264/308

Aspect ratio of particles

B32B2264/40

Pretreated particles

B32B2264/401

with inorganic substances

B32B2264/402

with organic substances

B32B2264/4021

with silicon-containing compounds

B32B2264/403

coated or encapsulated

B32B2264/50

Particles characterised by their position or distribution in a layer

B32B2264/501

homogeneously distributed

B32B2264/502

distributed in a gradient manner

B32B2264/503

distributed in a predetermined pattern in a thickness direction

B32B2264/504

distributed in a predetermined pattern in a direction perpendicular to the thickness

B32B2266/00

Composition of foam

B32B2266/02

Organic

B32B2266/0207

Materials belonging to B32B25/00

B32B2266/0214

Materials belonging to B32B27/00

B32B2266/0221

Vinyl resin

B32B2266/0228

Aromatic vinyl resin, e.g. styrenic (co)polymers

B32B2266/0235

Vinyl halide, e.g. PVC, PVDC, PVF, PVDF

B32B2266/0242

Acrylic resin

B32B2266/025

Polyolefin vinyl or acrylic copolymers B32B2266/0221, B32B2266/0242

B32B2266/0257

Polyamide

B32B2266/0264

Polyester

B32B2266/0271

Epoxy resin

B32B2266/0278

Polyurethane

B32B2266/0285

Condensation resins of aldehydes, e.g. with phenols, ureas, melamines

B32B2266/0292

Thermoplastic elastomer

B32B2266/031

Bituminous or tarry material

B32B2266/04

Inorganic

B32B2266/045

Metal

B32B2266/049

Water-setting material, e.g. concrete, plaster or asbestos cement

B32B2266/053

Mineral element, e.g. asbestos or mica

B32B2266/057

Silicon-containing material, e.g. glass

B32B2266/06

Open cell foam

B32B2266/08

Closed cell foam

B32B2266/10

characterised by the foam pores

B32B2266/102

Nanopores, i.e. with average diameter smaller than 0.1 µm

B32B2266/104

Micropores, i.e. with average diameter in the range from 0.1 µm to 0.1 mm

B32B2266/106

Unimodal pore distribution

B32B2266/108

Bimodal pore distribution

B32B2266/12

Gel

B32B2266/122

Hydrogel, i.e. a gel containing an aqueous composition

B32B2266/124

Organogel, i.e. a gel containing an organic composition

B32B2266/126

Aerogel, i.e. a supercritically dried gel

B32B2266/128

Xerogel, i.e. an air dried gel

B32B2266/14

Adhesive foam

B32B2270/00

Resin or rubber layer containing a blend of at least two different polymers

B32B2272/00

Resin or rubber layer comprising scrap, waste or recycling material

B32B2274/00

Thermoplastic elastomer material thermoplastic elastomer fibres B32B2262/0215, thermoplastic elastomer particles B32B2264/0221, thermoplastic elastomer foam B32B2266/0292

B32B2305/00

Condition, form, state or properties of the layers or laminate

B32B2305/00

Condition, form or state of the layers or laminate

B32B2305/02

Cellular or porous

B32B2305/022

Foam

B32B2305/024

Honeycomb

B32B2305/026

Porous

B32B2305/028

Hollow fillers

Syntactic material

B32B2305/07

Parts immersed or impregnated in a matrix

B32B2305/073

partially

B32B2305/076

Prepregs

B32B2305/08

Reinforcements

B32B2305/10

Fibres of continuous length

B32B2305/18

Fabrics, textiles

B32B2305/182

knitted

B32B2305/184

Braided fabrics

B32B2305/186

Knitted fabrics

B32B2305/188

Woven fabrics

B32B2305/20

in the form of a non-woven mat

B32B2305/22

Fibres of short length

B32B2305/24

Whiskers

B32B2305/28

in the form of a mat

B32B2305/30

Fillers, e.g. particles, powders, beads, flakes, spheres, chips

B32B2305/34

Inserts

B32B2305/342

Chips

B32B2305/345

Heating elements

B32B2305/347

Security elements

B32B2305/38

Meshes, lattices or nets

B32B2305/54

Filled microcapsules

B32B2305/55

Liquid crystals

B32B2305/70

Scrap or recycled material

B32B2305/72

Cured, e.g. vulcanised, cross-linked

B32B2305/74

Partially cured

B32B2305/77

Uncured, e.g. green

B32B2305/80

Sintered

B32B2307/00

Properties of the layers or laminate

B32B2307/10

having particular acoustical properties

B32B2307/102

Insulating

B32B2307/20

having particular electrical or magnetic properties, e.g. piezoelectric

B32B2307/202

Conductive

B32B2307/204

Di-electric

B32B2307/206

Insulating

B32B2307/208

Magnetic, paramagnetic

B32B2307/21

Anti-static

B32B2307/212

Electromagnetic interference shielding

B32B2307/30

having particular thermal properties

B32B2307/302

Conductive

B32B2307/304

Insulating

B32B2307/306

Resistant to heat

B32B2307/3065

Flame resistant or retardant, fire resistant or retardant

B32B2307/308

Heat stability dimensional stability B32B2307/734

B32B2307/31

Heat sealable

B32B2307/40

having particular optical properties light or UV resistant B32B2307/71

B32B2307/402

Coloured

B32B2307/4023

on the layer surface, e.g. ink

B32B2307/4026

within the layer by addition of a colorant, e.g. pigments, dyes

B32B2307/404

Multi-coloured

B32B2307/406

Bright, glossy, shiny surface

B32B2307/408

Matt, dull surface

B32B2307/409

Iridescent, pearlescent surface

B32B2307/41

Opaque

B32B2307/412

Transparent

B32B2307/414

Translucent

B32B2307/416

Reflective

B32B2307/418

Refractive

B32B2307/42

Polarizing, birefringent, filtering

B32B2307/422

Luminescent, fluorescent, phosphorescent

B32B2307/50

having particular mechanical properties

B32B2307/51

Elastic

B32B2307/514

Oriented

B32B2307/516

mono-axially

B32B2307/518

bi-axially

B32B2307/52

multi-axially

B32B2307/536

Hardness

B32B2307/538

Roughness

B32B2307/54

Yield strength

Tensile strength

B32B2307/542

Shear strength

B32B2307/544

Torsion strength

Torsion stiffness

B32B2307/546

Flexural strength

Flexion stiffness

B32B2307/548

Creep

B32B2307/552

Fatigue strength

B32B2307/554

Wear resistance

B32B2307/558

Impact strength, toughness

B32B2307/56

Damping, energy absorption

B32B2307/58

Cuttability

B32B2307/581

Resistant to cut

B32B2307/582

Tearability

B32B2307/5825

Tear resistant

B32B2307/584

Scratch resistance

B32B2307/70

Other properties

B32B2307/702

Amorphous

B32B2307/704

Crystalline

B32B2307/706

Anisotropic

B32B2307/708

Isotropic

B32B2307/71

Resistive to light or to UV

B32B2307/712

Weather resistant

B32B2307/714

Inert, i.e. inert to chemical degradation, corrosion

B32B2307/7145

Rot proof, resistant to bacteria, mildew, mould, fungi

B32B2307/716

Degradable

B32B2307/7163

Biodegradable

B32B2307/7166

Water-soluble, water-dispersible

B32B2307/718

Weight, e.g. weight per square meter

B32B2307/72

Density

B32B2307/722

Non-uniform density

B32B2307/724

Permeability to gases, adsorption

B32B2307/7242

Non-permeable

B32B2307/7244

Oxygen barrier

B32B2307/7246

Water vapor barrier

B32B2307/7248

Odour barrier

B32B2307/726

Permeability to liquids, absorption

B32B2307/7265

Non-permeable

B32B2307/728

Hydrophilic

B32B2307/73

Hydrophobic

B32B2307/732

Dimensional properties

B32B2307/734

Dimensional stability

B32B2307/736

Shrinkable

B32B2307/738

Thermoformability

B32B2307/74

Oxygen absorber

B32B2307/744

Non-slip, anti-slip

B32B2307/746

Slipping, anti-blocking, low friction

B32B2307/748

Releasability

B32B2307/75

Printability

B32B2307/752

Corrosion inhibitor

B32B2307/754

Self-cleaning

B32B2307/756

Refurbishable, i.e. marks or scratches can be removed

B32B2307/758

Odour absorbent

B32B2307/762

Self-repairing, self-healing

B32B2307/764

Insect repellent

B32B2309/00

Operating procedures

Apparatus details

B32B2309/00

Parameters for the laminating or treatment process

Apparatus details

B32B2309/02

Temperature

B32B2309/022

Temperature vs pressure profiles

B32B2309/025

Temperature vs time profiles

B32B2309/027

Ambient temperature

B32B2309/04

Time

B32B2309/06

Angles

B32B2309/08

Dimensions, e.g. volume

B32B2309/10

linear, e.g. length, distance, width

B32B2309/105

Thickness

B32B2309/12

Pressure

B32B2309/125

Pressure vs time profiles

B32B2309/14

Velocity, e.g. feed speeds

B32B2309/16

Tension

B32B2309/60

In a particular environment

B32B2309/62

Inert

B32B2309/64

Sterile

B32B2309/65

Dust free, e.g. clean room

B32B2309/66

Fluid other than air

B32B2309/68

Vacuum

B32B2309/70

Automated, e.g. using a computer or microcomputer

B32B2309/72

For measuring or regulating, e.g. systems with feedback loops

B32B2310/00

Treatment by energy or chemical effects

B32B2310/021

using electrical effects B32B2310/08 and B32B2310/12 take precedence

B32B2310/022

Electrical resistance

B32B2310/024

Peltier effect

B32B2310/025

Electrostatic charges

B32B2310/027

using friction

B32B2310/028

using vibration, e.g. sonic or ultrasonic

B32B2310/04

using liquids, gas or steam

B32B2310/0409

using liquids

B32B2310/0418

other than water

B32B2310/0427

Liquified gases

B32B2310/0436

Oil

B32B2310/0445

using gas or flames B32B2310/0427 takes precedence

B32B2310/0454

Hot air

B32B2310/0463

other than air

B32B2310/0472

inert gas

B32B2310/0481

Ozone

B32B2310/049

using steam or damp

B32B2310/08

by wave energy or particle radiation

B32B2310/0806

using electromagnetic radiation

B32B2310/0812

using induction

B32B2310/0818

using eddy currents

B32B2310/0825

using IR radiation

B32B2310/0831

using UV radiation

B32B2310/0837

using actinic light

B32B2310/0843

using laser

B32B2310/085

using X-ray

B32B2310/0856

using gamma-ray

B32B2310/0862

using microwave

B32B2310/0868

using radio frequency

B32B2310/0875

using particle radiation

B32B2310/0881

using ion-radiation, e.g. alpha-rays

B32B2310/0887

using electron radiation, e.g. beta-rays

B32B2310/0893

using neutron radiation

B32B2310/12

using dielectric properties

B32B2310/14

Corona, ionisation, electrical discharge, plasma treatment

B32B2311/00

Inorganic materials used for the layers, laminate or apparatus components

B32B2311/00

Metals, their alloys or their compounds

Alloys and compounds of specific metals are indexed with the same indexing code as the specific metals

B32B2311/005

Shape memory alloys

B32B2311/02

Noble metals

B32B2311/04

Gold

B32B2311/06

Platinum

B32B2311/08

Silver

B32B2311/09

Palladium

B32B2311/10

Mercury

B32B2311/12

Copper

B32B2311/14

Lead

B32B2311/16

Tin

B32B2311/18

Titanium

B32B2311/20

Zinc

B32B2311/22

Nickel or cobalt

B32B2311/24

Aluminium

B32B2311/30

Iron, e.g. steel

B32B2313/00

Elements other than metals

B32B2313/02

Boron

B32B2313/04

Carbon

B32B2315/00

Other materials containing non-metallic inorganic compounds not provided for in groups B32B2311/00 - B32B2313/04

B32B2315/02

Ceramics

B32B2315/06

Concrete

B32B2315/08

Glass

B32B2315/085

Glass fiber cloth or fabric

B32B2315/10

Mica

B32B2315/12

Asbestos

B32B2315/14

Mineral wool

B32B2315/16

Clay

B32B2315/18

Plaster

B32B2317/00

Other natural products or their composites used for the layers, laminate or apparatus components not provided for in groups B32B2311/00 - B32B2315/18 and B32B2319/00 - B32B2398/20

B32B2317/00

Animal or vegetable based

B32B2317/02

Cork

B32B2317/04

Linoleum

B32B2317/06

Bone

Horn

Ivory

B32B2317/08

Natural leather

B32B2317/10

Natural fibres, e.g. wool, cotton

B32B2317/12

Paper, e.g. cardboard

B32B2317/122

Kraft paper

B32B2317/125

impregnated with thermosetting resin

B32B2317/127

Corrugated cardboard

B32B2317/16

Wood, e.g. woodboard, fibreboard, woodchips

B32B2317/18

Cellulose, modified cellulose or cellulose derivatives, e.g. viscose B32B2317/10, B32B2317/12, B32B2317/16 take precedence

B32B2317/20

Starch

B32B2317/22

Natural rubber synthetic rubber B32B2319/00

B32B2317/24

Oil B32B2318/02 takes precedence

B32B2318/00

Mineral based

B32B2318/02

Oil

B32B2318/04

Stone

B32B2319/00

Organic materials used for the layers, laminate or apparatus components

B32B2319/00

Synthetic rubber natural rubber B32B2317/22

In groups B32B2319/00 - B32B2386/00, C-Sets are used. Detailed information about C-Sets construction and the associated syntax rules is found in the Definitions.

B32B2323/00

Polyalkenes

B32B2323/04

Polyethylene

B32B2323/043

HDPE, i.e. high density polyethylene

B32B2323/046

LDPE, i.e. low density polyethylene

B32B2323/10

Polypropylene

B32B2323/16

EPDM, i.e. ethylene propylene diene monomer

B32B2325/00

Polymers of vinyl-aromatic compounds, e.g. polystyrene

B32B2327/00

Polyvinylhalogenides

B32B2327/06

PVC, i.e. polyvinylchloride

B32B2327/12

containing fluorine

B32B2327/18

PTFE, i.e. polytetrafluoroethylene

B32B2329/00

Polyvinylalcohols, polyvinylethers, polyvinylaldehydes, polyvinylketones or polyvinylketals

B32B2329/04

Polyvinylalcohol

B32B2329/06

PVB, i.e. polyinylbutyral

B32B2331/00

Polyvinylesters

B32B2331/04

Polymers of vinyl acetate, e.g. PVA

B32B2333/00

Polymers of unsaturated acids or derivatives thereof

B32B2333/04

Polymers of esters

B32B2333/08

Polymers of acrylic acid esters, e.g. PMA, i.e. polymethylacrylate

B32B2333/12

Polymers of methacrylic acid esters, e.g. PMMA, i.e. polymethylmethacrylate

B32B2355/00

Specific polymers obtained by polymerisation reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, not provided for in a single one of index codes B32B2323/00 - B32B2333/00

B32B2355/02

ABS polymers, i.e. acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene polymers

B32B2361/00

Phenoplast, aminoplast

B32B2363/00

Epoxy resins

B32B2367/00

Polyesters, e.g. PET, i.e. polyethylene terephthalate

B32B2369/00

Polycarbonates

B32B2371/00

Polyethers, e.g. PEEK, i.e. polyether-etherketone

PEK, i.e. polyetherketone

B32B2375/00

Polyureas

Polyurethanes

B32B2377/00

Polyamides

B32B2379/00

Other polymers having nitrogen, with or without oxygen or carbon only, in the main chain

B32B2379/08

Polyimides

B32B2383/00

Polysiloxanes

B32B2386/00

Specific polymers obtained by polycondensation or polyaddition not provided for in a single one of index codes B32B2363/00 - B32B2383/00

B32B2391/00

Waxes

B32B2395/00

Bituminous material, e.g. tar, asphalt

B32B2398/00

Unspecified macromolecular compounds

B32B2398/10

Thermosetting resins

B32B2398/20

Thermoplastics

B32B2405/00

Particular articles

Parts of specific articles are indexed with the same indexing codes as the articles

B32B2405/00

Adhesive articles, e.g. adhesive tapes labels B32B2519/00

B32B2410/00

Agriculture-related articles

B32B2413/00

Belts conveyor belts B32B2433/02; drive belts B32B2433/04

B32B2419/00

Buildings or parts thereof walls, panels B32B2607/00

B32B2419/02

Bricks

B32B2419/04

Tiles for floors or walls tiles for roofs B32B2419/06

B32B2419/06

Roofs, roof membranes

B32B2425/00

Cards, e.g. identity cards, credit cards

B32B2429/00

Carriers for sound or information

B32B2429/02

Records or discs

B32B2432/00

Cleaning articles, e.g. mops, wipes personal care B32B2555/00

B32B2433/00

Closed loop articles

B32B2433/02

Conveyor belts

B32B2433/04

Driving belts

B32B2435/00

Closures, end caps, stoppers

B32B2435/02

for containers

B32B2437/00

Clothing anti-ballistic clothing B32B2571/02

B32B2437/02

Gloves, shoes

B32B2437/04

Caps, helmets

B32B2439/00

Containers

Receptacles closures therefor B32B2435/00

B32B2439/02

Open containers

B32B2439/06

Bags, sacks, sachets

B32B2439/40

Closed containers

B32B2439/46

Bags

B32B2439/60

Bottles

B32B2439/62

Boxes, cartons, cases

B32B2439/66

Cans, tins

B32B2439/70

Food packaging

B32B2439/80

Medical packaging

B32B2451/00

Decorative or ornamental articles wall paper B32B2607/02

B32B2457/00

Electrical equipment

B32B2457/04

Insulators

B32B2457/08

PCBs, i.e. printed circuit boards

B32B2457/10

Batteries

B32B2457/12

Photovoltaic modules

B32B2457/14

Semiconductor wafers

B32B2457/16

Capacitors

B32B2457/18

Fuel cells

B32B2457/20

Displays, e.g. liquid crystal displays, plasma displays

B32B2457/202

LCD, i.e. liquid crystal displays

B32B2457/204

Plasma displays

B32B2457/206

Organic displays, e.g. OLED

B32B2457/208

Touch screens

B32B2459/00

Nets, e.g. camouflage nets

B32B2471/00

Floor coverings B32B2419/04 takes precedence

B32B2471/02

Carpets

B32B2471/04

Mats

B32B2475/00

Frictional elements

B32B2479/00

Furniture upholstery B32B2601/00

B32B2509/00

Household appliances

B32B2509/10

Refrigerators or refrigerating equipment

B32B2519/00

Labels, badges

B32B2519/02

RFID tags

B32B2535/00

Medical equipment, e.g. bandage, prostheses, catheter medical patches B32B2556/00

B32B2551/00

Optical elements

B32B2551/08

Mirrors

B32B2553/00

Packaging equipment or accessories not otherwise provided for

B32B2553/02

Shock absorbing

B32B2553/023

for use in loose form, e.g. dunnage

B32B2553/026

Bubble films

B32B2554/00

Paper of special types, e.g. banknotes

B32B2555/00

Personal care

B32B2555/02

Diapers or napkins

B32B2556/00

Patches, e.g. medical patches, repair patches

B32B2559/00

Photographic equipment or accessories

B32B2571/00

Protective equipment

B32B2571/02

defensive, e.g. armour plates, anti-ballistic clothing camouflage nets B32B2459/00

B32B2581/00

Seals

Sealing equipment

Gaskets

B32B2590/00

Signboards, advertising panels, road signs

B32B2597/00

Tubular articles, e.g. hoses, pipes

B32B2601/00

Upholstery

B32B2603/00

Vanes, blades, propellers, rotors with blades

B32B2605/00

Vehicles

B32B2605/003

Interior finishings

B32B2605/006

Transparent parts made from plastic material, e.g. windows

B32B2605/08

Cars

B32B2605/10

Trains

B32B2605/12

Ships

B32B2605/16

Submarines

B32B2605/18

Aircraft blades, propellers B32B2603/00

B32B2607/00

Walls, panels

B32B2607/02

Wall papers, wall coverings