H01HELECTRIC SWITCHESRELAYSSELECTORSEMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES contact cables H01B7/10; electrolytic self-interrupters H01G9/18; emergency protective circuit arrangements H02H; switching by electronic means without contact-making H03K17/00This subclass covers (in groups H01H69/00 - H01H87/00) devices for the protection of electric lines or electric machines or apparatus in the event of undesired change from normal electric working conditions, the electrical condition serving directly as the input to the device.This subclass does not cover bases, casings, or covers accommodating two or more switching devices or for accommodating a switching device as well as another electric component, e.g. bus-bar, line connector. Those bases, casings or covers are covered by group H02B1/26.In this subclass, the following terms or expressions are used with the meanings indicated : "relay" means a switching device having contacts which are operated from electric inputs which supply, directly or indirectly, all the mechanical energy necessary to cause both the closure and the opening of the contacts; "driving mechanism" refers to the means by which an operating force applied to the switch is transmitted to the moving contact or contacts; "operating" is used in a broader sense than "actuating" which is reserved for those parts not touched by hand to effect switching; "acting" or "action" means a self-induced movement of parts at one stage of the switching. These connotations apply to all parts of the verbs "to operate", "to actuate" and "to act" and to words derived therefrom, e.g. to "actuation".In this subclass, details are classified as follows : details of an unspecified type of switching device, or disclosed as applicable to two or more kinds of switching devices designated by the terms or expressions "switches", "relays", "selector switches", and "emergency protective devices", are classified in groups H01H1/00 - H01H9/00; details of an unspecified type of switch, or disclosed as applicable to two or more types of switches as defined by groups H01H13/00 - H01H43/00 and sub-groups H01H35/02, H01H35/06, H01H35/14, H01H35/18, H01H35/24 and H01H35/42, all hereinafter called basic types, are classified in groups H01H1/00 - H01H9/00; details of an unspecified type of relay, or disclosed as applicable to two or more types of relays as defined by groups H01H51/00 - H01H61/00, hereinafter called basic types are classified in H01H45/00; details of an unspecified protective device, or applicable to two or more types of protective devices as defined by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00, hereinafter called basic types, are classified in H01H71/00.However, details only described with reference to, or clearly only applicable to, switching devices of a single basic type, are classified in the group appropriate to switching devices of that basic type, e.g. H01H19/02, H01H75/04; mechanical structural details of control members of switches or of keyboards such as keys, push-buttons, levers or other mechanisms for transferring the force to the activated elements are classified in this subclass, even when they are used for controlling electronic switches. However, mechanical details directly producing electronic effects are classified in group H03K17/94.The following IPC groups are not in the CPC scheme. The subject matter for these IPC groups is classified in the following CPC groups: H01H13/708-H01H13/718 covered by H01H13/702H01H33/575 covered by H01H33/56H01H33/825 covered by H01H33/82H01H33/835 covered by H01H33/83H01H33/867 covered by H01H33/86H01H33/873 covered by H01H33/86H01H33/915 covered by H01H33/91H01H33/985 covered by H01H33/98H01H33/99 covered by H01H33/98In this subclass, non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme. H01H1/00Electric switches H01H1/00Contacts liquid contacts H01H29/04 H01H2001/0005Redundant contact pairs in one switch for safety reasons H01H2001/001providing easy replacement of contacts H01H1/0015Means for testing or for inspecting contacts, e.g. wear indicator measuring circuits G01R31/3274 H01H2001/0021Camera or endoscope for monitoring contacts, their position or mechanism H01H2001/0026wherein one or both contacts contain embedded contact wear signal material, e.g. radioactive material being released as soon as the contact wear reaches the embedded layer H01H2001/0031by analysing radiation emitted by arc or trace material H01H1/0036Switches making use of microelectromechanical systems [MEMS] for electromagnetic relays H01H50/005; for electrostatic relays H01H59/0009 H01H2001/0042Bistable switches, i.e. having two stable positions requiring only actuating energy for switching between them, e.g. with snap membrane or by permanent magnet H01H2001/0047operable only by mechanical latching H01H2001/0052Special contact materials used for MEMS H01H2001/0057the contact materials containing refractory materials, e.g. tungsten H01H2001/0063having electrostatic latches, i.e. the activated position is kept by electrostatic forces other than the activation force H01H2001/0068with multi dimensional movement, i.e. the movable actuator performing movements in at least two different directions H01H2001/0073Solutions for avoiding the use of expensive silicon technologies in micromechanical switches H01H2001/0078with parallel movement of the movable contact relative to the substrate H01H2001/0084with perpendicular movement of the movable contact relative to the substrate H01H2001/0089Providing protection of elements to be released by etching of sacrificial element; Avoiding stiction problems, e.g. of movable element to substrate H01H1/0094Switches making use of nanoelectromechanical systems [NEMS] H01H1/02characterised by the material thereof containing gas-evolving material H01H33/765 H01H1/0201Materials for reed contacts H01H1/0203specially adapted for vacuum switches H01H2001/0205Conditioning of the contact material through arcing during manufacturing, e.g. vacuum-depositing of layer on contact surface H01H1/0206containing as major components Cu and Cr H01H2001/0208containing rhenium H01H1/021Composite materialIn this group, the following expression is used with the meaning indicated :"composite material" is a material made of two or more different materials, e.g. coated material, layered materials or carbon fibres in a copper base or matrixSubject matter classifiable in more than one of groups H01H1/023 - H01H1/029 should be classified in all relevant groups. H01H1/023having a noble metal as the basic material H01H1/0231provided with a solder layer H01H1/0233and containing carbides H01H1/0237and containing oxides H01H1/02372containing as major components one or more oxides of the following elements only: Cd, Sn, Zn, In, Bi, Sb or Te H01H1/02374containing as major component CdO H01H1/02376containing as major component SnO₂ H01H2001/02378containing iron-oxide as major component H01H1/025having copper as the basic material H01H1/027containing carbon particles or fibres H01H1/029comprising conducting material dispersed in an elastic support or binding material H01H1/04Co-operating contacts of different material H01H1/06characterised by the shape or structure of the contact-making surface, e.g. grooved H01H1/065formed by freely suspended particles, e.g. magnetic dust or balls H01H1/08wetted with mercury H01H1/10Laminated contacts with divided contact surface H01H1/12characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage H01H2001/125whereby the contacts of the switch are formed by teeth of a zipper H01H1/14by abutting H01H2001/145by crossing each other, the cooperating contacts each having a contact making ridge perpendicular to each other H01H1/16by rollingby wrappingRoller or ball contacts H01H1/18with subsequent sliding H01H1/20Bridging contacts for circuit breakers H01H73/045 H01H1/2008Facilitate mounting or replacing contact bridge and pressure spring on carrier H01H11/0012 takes precedence H01H1/2016in which the two contact pairs commutate at substantially different moments H01H1/2025comprising two-parallel bridges H01H2001/2033with a contact bridge on both opposite sides of a fixed contact pair, each contact bridge being moved to close or open the circuit H01H1/2041Rotating bridge H01H1/205Details concerning the elastic mounting of the rotating bridge in the rotor H01H1/2058Rotating bridge being assembled in a cassette, which can be placed as a complete unit into a circuit breaker H01H1/2066Fork-shaped bridge; Two transversally connected contact arms bridging two fixed contacts H01H1/2075T-shaped bridge; bridging contact has lateral arm for mounting resiliently or on a pivot H01H1/2083Bridging contact surfaces directed at an oblique angle with respect to the movement of the bridge H01H2001/2091having two pivotally and electrically connected halve bridges H01H1/22with rigid pivoted member carrying the moving contact H01H1/221and a contact pressure spring acting between the pivoted member and a supporting member H01H2001/223using a torsion spring H01H1/225the supporting member being pivotable H01H1/226having a plurality of parallel contact bars H01H2001/228with insulating spacers between the contact bars H01H1/24with resilient mounting H01H1/242the contact forming a part of a coil spring H01H1/245Spring wire contacts H01H2001/247using an elastic hinge, the contact being composed of rigid parts connected by thinned flexible hinge parts H01H1/26with spring blade support H01H2001/265having special features for supporting, locating or pre-stressing the contact blade springs H01H1/28Assembly of three or more contact-supporting spring blades H01H1/30within supporting guides H01H1/32Self-aligning contacts H01H1/34with provision for adjusting position of contact relative to its co-operating contact H01H1/36by sliding H01H1/365Bridging contacts H01H1/38Plug-and-socket contacts H01H1/385Contact arrangements for high voltage gas blast circuit breakers H01H1/40Contact mounted so that its contact-making surface is flush with adjoining insulation H01H1/403Contacts forming part of a printed circuit multilayer keyboard switches H01H13/702; thumbwheel switches H01H19/001; for rotary switches with axial contact pressure H01H19/585 H01H2001/406with holes or recesses between adjacent contacts, e.g. to collect abrasion powder H01H1/42Knife-and-clip contacts H01H2001/425with separate contact pressure spring confined between two contact knifes and urging the knifes onto a mating contact H01H1/44with resilient mounting H01H1/46self-aligning contacts H01H1/48with provision for adjusting position of contact relative to its co-operating contact H01H1/50Means for increasing contact pressure, preventing vibration of contacts, holding contacts together after engagement, or biasing contacts to the open position H01H1/502the action of the contact pressure spring becoming active only after engagement of the contacts H01H1/504by thermal means H01H2001/506Fail safe contacts, i.e. the contacts being kept in a safe position, usually in an open circuit position, at end of life time of switch H01H2001/508with mechanical means to prevent return/reverse movement of movable contact once opening or closing cycle has started H01H1/52Contacts adapted to act as latches H01H1/54by magnetic force combined with electrodynamic opening H01H77/101 H01H2001/545having permanent magnets directly associated with the contacts H01H1/56Contact arrangements for providing make-before-break operation, e.g. for on-load tap-changing H01H1/58Electric connections to or between contactsTerminals for high tension switches H01H33/025; for electromagnetic relays H01H50/14; for circuit breakers H01H71/08 H01H1/5805Connections to printed circuits for slide switches H01H15/005; for tumbler switches H01H23/006 H01H2001/5811both fixed and movable contacts being formed by blank stamping and mounted or soldered on printed circuit board without any other housing elements H01H2001/5816Connections to flexible or curved printed circuit boards H01H1/5822Flexible connections between movable contact and terminal H01H2001/5827Laminated connections, i.e. the flexible conductor is composed of a plurality of thin flexible conducting layers H01H1/5833comprising an articulating, sliding or rolling contact between movable contact and terminal H01H2001/5838using electrodynamic forces for enhancing the contact pressure between the sliding surfaces H01H1/5844making use of wire-gripping clips or springs H01H1/585and piercing the wire insulation H01H1/5855characterised by the use of a wire clamping screw or nut H01H2001/5861Box connector with a collar or lug for clamping internal rail and external conductor together by a tightening screw H01H1/5866characterised by the use of a plug and socket connector H01H2001/5872including means for preventing incorrect coupling H01H2001/5877with provisions for direct mounting on a battery pole H01H2001/5883the extension of the contact being crimped around a wire H01H2001/5888Terminals of surface mounted devices [SMD] H01H2001/5894the extension of the contact being welded to a wire or a bus H01H1/60Auxiliary means structurally associated with the switch for cleaning or lubricating contact-making surfaces cleaning by normal sliding of contacts H01H1/18, H01H1/36 H01H1/605Cleaning of contact-making surfaces by relatively high voltage pulses H01H1/62Heating or cooling of contacts H01H1/64Protective enclosures, baffle plates, or screens for contacts H01H1/645containing getter material for explosion inhibiting in explosion-proofcases H01H9/046; for vacuum switches H01H33/6683 H01H1/66Contacts sealed in an evacuated or gas-filled envelope, e.g. magnetic dry-reed contacts H01H3/00Mechanisms for operating contacts for tap changers H01H9/0027; thermal actuating or release means H01H37/02 H01H3/001Means for preventing or breaking contact-welding H01H2003/002with lockout, e.g. two contact pairs in series H01H3/004for operating contacts periodically H01H3/005making use of superconductivity, e.g. levitation switch H01H2003/007the contacts being actuated by deformation of a flexible housing H01H2003/008with a haptic or a tactile feedback controlled by electrical means, e.g. a motor or magnetofriction H01H3/02Operating parts, i.e. for operating driving mechanism by a mechanical force external to the switch H01H3/0206Combined operation of electric switch and of fluid control device H01H3/0213Combined operation of electric switch and variable impedance, e.g. resistor, capacitor H01H9/061 takes precedence H01H3/022Emergency operating parts, e.g. for stop-switch in dangerous conditions H01H3/0226operated by a pull cord H01H2003/0233for alarm triggering, e.g. fire alarm, emergency off switches operated by breaking a glass H01H2003/024Resetting of bistable emergency operating part by pulling it H01H2003/0246Resetting of bistable emergency operating part by rotating itself or an accessory H01H3/0253two co-operating contacts actuated independently for combined circuit-breaker-contactors H01H89/10 H01H2003/026specially adapted to avoid injury to occupants of a car during an accident H01H2003/0266Operating part bringable in an inoperative position by an electrical drive H01H2003/0273Manually irreversibly actuated switch H01H2003/028Rotating knob or lever or tumbler that can be turned or pushed by hand in only one direction, e.g. by making inaccessible one side of a tumbler H01H2003/0286having a weak point breaking or uncoupling on abnormal external force H01H2003/0293with an integrated touch switch H01H3/04Levers tumblers H01H23/14 H01H3/06Means for securing to shaft of driving mechanism H01H3/08Turn knobs H01H2003/085Retractable turn knobs, e.g. flush mounted H01H3/10Means for securing to shaft of driving mechanism H01H2003/105with compensation of misalignment in the link between the operating part, the driving mechanism and the switch, e.g. misalignment between two axis H01H3/12Push-buttons H01H3/122with enlarged actuating area, e.g. of the elongated bar-type; Stabilising means therefor H01H3/125using a scissor mechanism as stabiliser H01H2003/127Details of the key cap concerning the actuation by fingernails or having provision to allow usage with long fingernails H01H3/14adapted for operation by a part of the human body other than the hand, e.g. by foot H01H3/141Cushion or mat switches H01H3/142of the elongated strip type H01H2003/143provisions for avoiding the contact actuation when the elongated strip is bended H01H2003/145provisions for avoiding closure or contact damage during manufacturing or mounting H01H2003/146being normally closed H01H2003/147Special aspects regarding the peripheral edges of the mat switches H01H2003/148the mat switch being composed by independently juxtaposed contact tiles, e.g. for obtaining a variable protected area H01H3/16adapted for actuation at a limit or other predetermined position in the path of a body, the relative movement of switch and body being primarily for a purpose other than the actuation of the switch, e.g. for a door switch, a limit switch, a floor-levelling switch of a lift H01H3/161for actuation by moving a closing member, e.g. door, cover or lid the switch controlling enclosed equipment H01H9/226; switches operated by a removable member, wherein one single insertion movement of a key comprises an unlocking stroke and a switch actuating stroke, e.g. security switch for safety guards H01H27/002 H01H3/162associated with a hinge of the closing member H01H3/163associated with locking or manipulating means of the closing member H01H2003/165associated with an edge of the closing member H01H3/166Self-adjusting mountings, transmissions and the like H01H2003/167with locking of the adjusted parts in the adjusted position by a separate action H01H3/168operated by movement in any direction H01H3/18the movement in one direction being intentionally by hand, e.g. for setting automatically cancelled trafficators H01H3/20wherein an auxiliary movement thereof, or of an attachment thereto, is necessary before the main movement is possible or effective, e.g. for unlatching, for coupling H01H3/22Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism H01H3/222using electrodynamic repulsion H01H2003/225with coil contact, i.e. the movable contact itself forms a secondary coil in which the repulsing current is induced by an operating current in a stationary coil H01H3/227Interlocked hand- and power-operating mechanisms H01H3/24using pneumatic or hydraulic actuator for storing energy in a spring motor H01H3/301 H01H3/26using dynamo-electric motor for storing energy in a spring motor H01H3/30 H01H3/262using a centrifugal mechanism H01H3/264using a travelling nut mechanism H01H2003/266having control circuits for motor operating switches, e.g. controlling the opening or closing speed of the contacts H01H2003/268using a linear motor H01H3/28using electromagnet for storing energy in a spring motor H01H3/30; for operating relays H01H45/00 H01H3/30using spring motor H01H3/3005Charging means H01H3/301using a fluid actuator H01H3/3015using cam devices H01H3/3021using unidirectional coupling H01H3/3026in which the closing spring charges the opening spring or vice versa H01H3/3031Means for locking the spring in a charged state H01H2003/3036using of balls or rollers in the locking device H01H3/3042using a torsion spring H01H3/3047adapted for operation of a three-position switch, e.g. on-off-earth H01H3/3052Linear spring motors H01H2003/3057provisions for avoiding idling, e.g. preventing release of stored energy when a breaker is closed, or when the springs are not fully charged H01H2003/3063Decoupling charging handle or motor at end of charging cycle or during charged condition H01H2003/3068Housing support frame for energy accumulator and cooperating mechanism H01H2003/3073Indication of the charge on the spring motor H01H2003/3078using an inertia element, e.g. a flywheel, to controll the energy released by the spring H01H2003/3084Kinetic energy of moving parts recuperated by transformation into potential energy in closing or opening spring to be used in next operation H01H2003/3089Devices for manual releasing of locked charged spring motor; Devices for remote releasing H01H2003/3094allowing an opening - closing - opening [OCO] sequence H01H3/32Driving mechanisms, i.e. for transmitting driving force to the contacts snap-action arrangements H01H5/00; introducing a predetermined time delay H01H7/00 H01H2003/323the mechanisms being adjustable H01H2003/326using bearings H01H3/34using ratchet H01H3/36using belt, chain, or cord H01H3/38using spring or other flexible shaft coupling H01H3/40using friction, toothed, or screw-and-nut gearing H01H2003/405using a walking nut H01H3/42using cam or eccentric H01H3/44using Geneva movement H01H3/46using rod or lever linkage, e.g. toggle H01H2003/463using a blade spring lever for perpendicular force transmission H01H2003/466using a living hinge to connect the levers H01H3/48using lost-motion device H01H3/50with indexing or locating means, e.g. indexing by ball and spring H01H3/503making use of electromagnets H01H2003/506making use of permanent magnets H01H3/52with means to ensure stopping at intermediate operative positions H01H3/54Mechanisms for coupling or uncoupling operating parts, driving mechanisms, or contacts H01H3/56using electromagnetic clutch H01H3/58using friction, toothed, or other mechanical clutch H01H3/60Mechanical arrangements for preventing or damping vibration or shock H01H3/605making use of a fluid damper H01H3/62Lubricating means structurally associated with the switch for lubricating contact-making surfaces H01H1/60 H01H5/00Snap-action arrangements, i.e. in which during a single opening operation or a single closing operation energy is first stored and then released to produce or assist the contact movement H01H5/02Energy stored by the attraction or repulsion of magnetic parts H01H5/04Energy stored by deformation of elastic members by deformation of bimetallic element in thermally-actuated switches H01H37/54 H01H5/045making use of cooperating spring loaded wedging or camming parts between operating member and contact structure H01H5/06by compression or extension of coil springs H01H5/08one end of spring transmitting movement to the contact member when the other end is moved by the operating part H01H5/10one end of spring being fixedly connected to the stationary or movable part of the switch and the other end reacting with a movable or stationary rigid member respectively through pins, cams, toothed or other shaped surfaces H01H5/12having two or more snap-action motions in succession H01H5/14by twisting of torsion members H01H5/16with auxiliary means for temporarily holding parts until torsion member is sufficiently strained H01H5/18by flexing of blade springs H01H5/20single blade moved across dead-centre position H01H5/22blade spring with at least one snap-acting leg and at least one separate contact-carrying or contact-actuating leg H01H5/24having three legs H01H5/26having two or more snap-action motions in succession H01H5/28two separate blade springs forming a toggle H01H5/30by buckling of disc springs H01H7/00Devices for introducing a predetermined time delay between the initiation of the switching operation and the opening or closing of the contacts time or time-programme switches H01H43/00 H01H7/02with fluid timing means H01H7/03with dash-pots H01H7/04with flies, i.e. fan governors H01H7/06with thermal timing means H01H7/08with timing by mechanical speed-control devices H01H7/10by escapement H01H7/12mechanical H01H7/14electromagnetic H01H7/16Devices for ensuring operation of the switch at a predetermined point in the ac cycle circuit arrangements H01H9/56 H01H9/00Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00 H01H9/0005Tap change devices H01H9/0011Voltage selector switches H01H9/0016Contact arrangements for tap changers H01H2009/0022Mounting of the fixed contacts or taps on cylindrical wall of oil vessel containing the tap changer; Details of screening H01H9/0027Operating mechanisms H01H9/0033with means for indicating the selected tap or limiting the number of selectable taps H01H9/0038making use of vacuum switches H01H9/0044Casings; Mountings; Disposition in transformer housing H01H2009/005Details concerning the sealing of the oil filled casings H01H2009/0055Oil filters for tap change devices H01H2009/0061Monitoring tap change switching devices H01H9/0066Auxiliary contact devices for arc transfer H01H9/38; for electromagnetic relays H01H50/541 H01H9/0072particular to three-phase switches synchronous switching H01H9/563 H01H2009/0077using recyclable materials, e.g. for easier recycling or minimising the packing material H01H2009/0083using redundant components, e.g. two pressure tubes for pressure switch H01H2009/0088Details of rotatable shafts common to more than one pole or switch unit H01H2009/0094Details of rotatable shafts which are subdivided; details of the coupling means thereof H01H9/02Bases, casings, or covers accommodating more than one switch or a switch and another electrical component H02B1/26 H01H9/0207Adjustable mounting of casings H01H9/0214Hand-held casings H01H2009/0221the switches being fixed to the operator's hand, e.g. integrated in a glove or fixed to a ring H01H9/0228Line cord switches H01H9/0235specially adapted for remote control, e.g. of audio or video apparatus H01H9/0242Protective enclosures; Cushioning means H01H9/025Stands or organisers to facilitate location or operation H01H2009/0257Multisided remote control, comprising control or display elements on at least two sides, e.g. front and back surface H01H9/0264Protective covers for terminals H01H9/0271structurally combining a switch and an electronic component for relays H01H50/021 H01H2009/0278Casings containing special noise reduction means, e.g. elastic foam between inner and outer casing H01H2009/0285Casings overmoulded over assembled switch or relay H01H2009/0292Transparent window or opening, e.g. for allowing visual inspection of contact position or contact condition H01H9/04Dustproof, splashproof, drip-proof, waterproof, or flameproof casings H01H9/041Casings hermetically closed by a diaphragm through which passes an actuating member vacuum switches H01H33/66 H01H9/042Explosion-proof cases H01H9/043with pressure-relief devices H01H9/045with interlocking mechanism between cover and operating mechanism H01H9/046with internal explosion inhibiting means H01H9/047provided with venting means H01H2009/048using a sealing boot, e.g. the casing having separate elastic body surrounding the operating member and hermetically closing the opening for it H01H9/06Casing of switch constituted by a handle serving a purpose other than the actuation of the switch, e.g. by the handle of a vacuum cleaner H01H9/061enclosing a continuously variable impedance H01H9/063enclosing a reversing switch H01H2009/065Battery operated hand tools in which the battery and the switch are directly connected H01H2009/066having switches mounted on a control handle, e.g. gear shift lever H01H2009/068with switches mounted on a handlebar, e.g. for motorcycles, fork lift trucks, etc. H01H9/08Arrangements to facilitate replacement of a switch, e.g. cartridge housing H01H9/085contact separation effected by removing contact carrying element H01H9/10Adaptation for built-in fuses mounting switch and fuse separately on, or in, common support H02B1/18 H01H9/102Fuses mounted on or constituting the movable contact parts of the switch H01H9/104with interlocking mechanism between switch and fuse H01H9/106fuse and switch being connected in parallel H01H2009/108Building a sliding and/or a removable bridging connector for batteries H01H9/12Means for earthing parts of switch not normally conductively connected to the contacts H01H9/14Adaptation for built-in safety spark gaps H01H9/16Indicators for switching condition, e.g. "on" or "off" H01H9/161comprising light emitting elements H01H9/162Means to facilitate removal or replacement of light-emitting elements H01H2009/164the light emitting elements being incorporated in and movable with the operating part H01H9/165comprising numbered dials thumb-wheel switches H01H19/001 H01H9/167Circuits for remote indication H01H9/168making use of an electromagnetic wave communication H01H9/18Distinguishing marks on switches, e.g. for indicating switch location in the darkAdaptation of switches to receive distinguishing marks H01H9/181using a programmable display, e.g. LED or LCD H01H9/182Illumination of the symbols or distinguishing marks H01H9/181 takes precedence H01H2009/183Provisions for enhancing the contrast between the illuminated symbol and the background or between juxtaposed symbols H01H2009/184Illumination of symbols by using laser light H01H9/185Fluorescent or phosphorescent symbols or distinguishing marks H01H9/181 takes precedence H01H2009/186using an electroluminiscent panel H01H2009/187having symbols engraved or printed by laser H01H2009/188with indication of rating H01H2009/189with a tactile symbol or indication, e.g. for blind people H01H9/20Interlocking, locking, or latching mechanisms H01H9/22for interlocking between casing, cover, or protective shutter and mechanism for operating contacts explosion-proof cases H01H9/045; built-in fuses and interlocking mechanisms H01H9/104; by automatic release of circuit breakers H01H71/126 H01H9/223Defeatable locking means H01H9/226the casing containing electrical equipment other than and operated by the switch H01H9/24for interlocking two or more parts of the mechanism for operating contacts H01H9/26for interlocking two or more switches H01H13/568 takes precedence; by a detachable member H01H9/28 ; for electromagnetic relays H01H50/323 H01H9/262using flexible transmission elements, e.g. Bowden cable H01H2009/265with interlocking of more than two switches H01H2009/267with interlocking of two out of three switches, e.g. two switches each connecting a power supply to a busbar and a bus coupling switch interlocked in such a way that the power supplies are never connected in parallel H01H9/28for locking switch parts by a key or equivalent removable member switches operated by a key H01H27/00; locking by removable part of two-part coupling device H01R H01H9/281making use of a padlock H01H9/287 takes precedence H01H9/282and a separate part mounted or mountable on the switch assembly and movable between an unlocking position and a locking position where it can be secured by the padlock H01H9/283the part being removable H01H9/285Locking mechanisms incorporated in the switch assembly and operable by a key or a special tool H01H9/286making use of a removable locking part acting directly on the operating part H01H9/281 takes precedence H01H9/287wherein the operating part is made inaccessible or more difficult to access by a lid, cover or guard, e.g. lockable covers H01H2009/288Provisions relating to welded contacts H01H9/30Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts H01H9/302wherein arc-extinguishing gas is evolved from stationary parts H01H2009/305including means for screening for arc gases as protection of mechanism against hot arc gases or for keeping arc gases in the arc chamber H01H2009/307with slow break, e.g. for AC current waiting for a zero crossing H01H9/32Insulating body insertable between contacts H01H9/34Stationary parts for restricting or subdividing the arc, e.g. barrier plate H01H9/341Barrier plates carrying electrodes H01H9/342Venting arrangements for arc chutes H01H2009/343with variable venting aperture function of arc chute internal pressure, e.g. resilient flap-valve or check-valve H01H9/345Mounting of arc chutes H01H9/346Details concerning the arc formation chamber H01H2009/347using lids for closing the arc chamber after assembly H01H2009/348Provisions for recirculation of arcing gasses to improve the arc extinguishing, e.g. move the arc quicker into the arcing chamber H01H9/36Metal parts H01H9/362Mounting of plates in arc chamber H01H2009/365using U-shaped plates H01H2009/367defining a recurrent path, e.g. the subdivided arc is moved in a closed path between each pair of splitter plates H01H9/38Auxiliary contacts on to which the arc is transferred from the main contacts using arcing-horns H01H9/46 H01H9/383Arcing contact pivots relative to the movable contact assembly H01H9/386Arcing contact pivots relative to the fixed contact assembly H01H9/40Multiple main contacts for the purpose of dividing the current through, or potential drop along, the arc H01H9/42Impedances connected with contacts H01H9/44using blow-out magnet H01H9/443using permanent magnets H01H9/446using magnetisable elements associated with the contacts H01H9/46using arcing horns using blow-out magnet H01H9/44 H01H9/465Shunt circuit closed by transferring the arc onto an auxiliary electrode H01H9/48Means for preventing discharge to non-current-carrying parts, e.g. using corona ring H01H9/50Means for detecting the presence of an arc or discharge H01H9/52Cooling of switch parts cooling of contacts H01H1/62 H01H2009/523by using heat pipes H01H2009/526of the high voltage switches H01H9/54Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switching device and for which no provision exists elsewhere H01H9/541Contacts shunted by semiconductor devices H01H9/542Contacts shunted by static switch means H01H2009/543third parallel branch comprising an energy absorber, e.g. MOV, PTC, Zener H01H2009/544the static switching means being an insulated gate bipolar transistor, e.g. IGBT, Darlington configuration of FET and bipolar transistor H01H2009/545comprising a parallel semiconductor switch being fired optically, e.g. using a photocoupler, H01H2009/546the static switching means being triggered by the voltage over the mechanical switch contacts H01H9/547Combinations of mechanical switches and static switches, the latter being controlled by the former H01H9/548Electromechanical and static switch connected in series H01H9/56for ensuring operation of the switch at a predetermined point in the ac cycle H01H9/563for multipolar switches, e.g. different timing for different phases, selecting phase with first zero-crossing H01H2009/566with self learning, e.g. measured delay is used in later actuations H01H11/00Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches processes specially adapted for manufacture of rectilinearly movable switches having a plurality of operating members associated with different sets of contacts, e.g. keyboards, H01H13/88 H01H11/0006for converting electric switches H01H13/564 takes precedence H01H11/0012for converting normally open to normally closed switches and vice versa H01H11/0018for allowing different operating parts H01H2011/0025with provisions for allowing different orientation of the operating part, e.g. turning knob can be mounted in different positions H01H11/0031for allowing different types or orientation of connections to contacts H01H2011/0037with removable or replaceable terminal blocks H01H2011/0043for modifying the number or type of operating positions, e.g. momentary and stable H01H11/005of reed switches H01H11/0056comprising a successive blank-stamping, insert-moulding and severing operation H01H11/0062Testing or measuring non-electrical properties of switches, e.g. contact velocity monitoring contacts H01H1/0015; monitoring gas density H01H33/563; monitoring vacuum H01H33/668; calibrating H01H69/01; adjusting H01H71/74; testing of electrical properties G01R31/333 H01H2011/0068measuring the temperature of the switch or parts thereof H01H2011/0075calibrating mechanical switching properties, e.g. "snap or switch moment", by mechanically deforming a part of the switch, e.g. elongating a blade spring by puncturing it with a laser H01H2011/0081using double shot moulding, e.g. for forming elastomeric sealing elements on form stable casing H01H2011/0087Welding switch parts by use of a laser beam H01H2011/0093Standardization, e.g. limiting the factory stock by limiting the number of unique, i.e. different components H01H11/02for mercury switches H01H11/04of switch contacts H01H11/041by bonding of a contact marking face to a contact body portion H01H11/042by mechanical deformation H01H11/043by resistance welding H01H11/045with the help of an intermediate layer contacts provided with a solder layer H01H1/0231 H01H2011/046by plating H01H2011/047on both sides of the contact body portion H01H11/048by powder-metallurgical processes H01H11/06Fixing of contacts to carrier ; Fixing of contacts to insulating carrier H01H2011/062by inserting only H01H2011/065by plating metal or conductive rubber on insulating substrate, e.g. Molded Interconnect Devices [MID] H01H2011/067by deforming, e.g. bending, folding or caulking, part of the contact or terminal which is being mounted H01H13/00Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch wherein the operating part is flexible H01H17/00 H01H13/02Details H01H13/023Light-emitting indicators for multi-layer switches H01H13/83 H01H2013/026with two or more independent lighting elements located inside the push button switch that illuminate separate zones of push buttons H01H13/04CasesCovers H01H13/06Dustproof, splashproof, drip-proof, waterproof or flameproof casings H01H13/063Casings hermetically closed by a diaphragm through which passes an actuating member vacuum switches H01H33/66 H01H2013/066using bellows H01H13/08Casing of switch constituted by a handle serving a purpose other than the actuation of the switch H01H13/10BasesStationary contacts mounted thereon H01H13/12Movable partsContacts mounted thereon H01H13/14Operating parts, e.g. push-button H01H13/16adapted for operation by a part of the human body other than the hand, e.g. by foot H01H13/18adapted for actuation at a limit or other predetermined position in the path of a body, the relative movement of switch and body being primarily for a purpose other than the actuation of the switch, e.g. door switch, limit switch, floor-levelling switch of a lift H01H13/183for actuation by moving a closing member, e.g. door, cover H01H13/186, H01H27/002 take precedence; the switch controlling enclosed equipment H01H9/226 H01H13/186wherein the pushbutton is rectilinearly actuated by a lever pivoting on the housing of the switch H01H13/20Driving mechanisms H01H13/22acting with snap action depending upon deformation of elastic members H01H13/26 H01H13/24with means for introducing a predetermined time delay H01H13/26Snap-action arrangements depending upon deformation of elastic members H01H13/28using compression or extension of coil springs H01H13/285having a symmetrical configuration H01H13/30 - H01H13/34 take precedence H01H13/30one end of spring transmitting movement to the contact member when the other end is moved by the operating part H01H13/32one end of spring being fixedly connected to the stationary or movable part of the switch and the other end reacting with a movable or stationary rigid member respectively through pins, cams, toothed, or other shaped surfaces H01H13/34having two or more snap-action motions in succession H01H13/36using flexing of blade springs H01H13/365having a symmetrical configuration H01H13/38 - H01H13/46 take precedence H01H13/38Single blade moved across dead-centre position H01H13/40Blade spring with at least one snap-acting leg and at least one separate contact-carrying or contact-actuating leg H01H13/42having three legs H01H13/44having two or more snap-action motions in succession H01H13/46two separate blade springs forming a toggle H01H13/48using buckling of disc springs H01H13/50having a single operating member H01H13/503Stacked switches H01H13/506with a make-break action in a single operation H01H13/52the contact returning to its original state immediately upon removal of operating force, e.g. bell-push switch H01H2013/525using a return spring acting perpendicular to the actuating direction H01H13/54the contact returning to its original state a predetermined time interval after removal of operating force, e.g. for staircase lighting H01H13/56the contact returning to its original state upon the next application of operating force H01H13/562making use of a heart shaped cam H01H13/564convertible to momentary push button switches H01H2013/566by removable or exchangeable parts H01H13/568the contact also returning by some external action, e.g. interlocking, protection, remote control H01H13/58with contact-driving member rotated step-wise in one direction H01H13/585wherein the movable contact rotates around the axis of the push button H01H13/60with contact-driving member moved alternately in opposite directions H01H13/62the contact returning to its original state upon manual release of a latch latch released by second push-button H01H13/68 H01H13/64wherein the switch has more than two electrically distinguishable positions, e.g. multi-position push-button switches H01H13/66the operating member having only two positions H01H13/68having two operating members, one for opening and one for closing the same set of contacts single operating member protruding from different sides of switch casing for alternate pushing upon opposite ends H01H15/22 H01H13/70having a plurality of operating members associated with different sets of contacts, e.g. keyboard mounting together a plurality of independent switches H02B H01H13/7006comprising a separate movable contact element for each switch site, all other elements being integrated in layers H01H13/7013in which the movable contacts of each switch site or of a row of switch sites are formed in a single plate H01H13/702with contacts carried by or formed from layers in a multilayer structure, e.g. membrane switches H01H13/703characterised by spacers between contact carrying layers H01H13/704characterised by the layers, e.g. by their material or structure H01H13/703 takes precedence H01H13/705characterised by construction, mounting or arrangement of operating parts, e.g. push-buttons or keys H01H13/7057characterised by the arrangement of operating parts in relation to each other, e.g. pre-assembled groups of keys H01H13/7065characterised by the mechanism between keys and layered keyboards H01H13/7073characterised by springs, e.g. Euler springs H01H13/72wherein the switch has means for limiting the number of operating members that can concurrently be in the actuated position H01H13/74each contact set returning to its original state only upon actuation of another of the operating members H01H13/76wherein some or all of the operating members actuate different combinations of the contact sets, e.g. ten operating members actuating different combinations of four contact sets H01H13/78characterised by the contacts or the contact sites H01H13/785characterised by the material of the contacts, e.g. conductive polymers H01H13/79characterised by the form of the contacts, e.g. interspersed fingers or helical networks H01H13/80characterised by the manner of cooperation of the contacts, e.g. with both contacts movable or with bounceless contacts H01H13/803characterised by the switching function thereof, e.g. normally closed contacts or consecutive operation of contacts H01H13/807characterised by the spatial arrangement of the contact sites, e.g. superimposed sites H01H13/81characterised by electrical connections to external devices H01H13/82characterised by contact space venting means H01H13/83characterised by legends, e.g. Braille, liquid crystal displays, light emitting or optical elements H01H13/84characterised by ergonomic functions, e.g. for miniature keyboardscharacterised by operational sensory functions, e.g. sound feedback legends H01H13/83 H01H13/85characterised by tactile feedback features H01H13/86characterised by the casing, e.g. sealed casings or casings reducible in size H01H13/88Processes specially adapted for manufacture of rectilinearly movable switches having a plurality of operating members associated with different sets of contacts, e.g. keyboards H01H15/00Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for actuation in opposite directions, e.g. slide switch H01H15/005adapted for connection with printed circuit boards H01H15/02Details H01H15/025Light-emitting indicators H01H15/04Stationary partsContacts mounted thereon H01H15/06Movable partsContacts mounted thereon H01H15/08Contact arrangements for providing make-before-break operation, e.g. for on-load tap-changing H01H15/10Operating parts H01H15/102comprising cam devices H01H15/105Adjustable cams H01H15/107actuating conventional selfcontained microswitches H01H15/105 takes precedence H01H15/12adapted for operation by a part of the human body other than the hand, e.g. by foot H01H15/14adapted for actuation at a limit or other predetermined position in the path of a body, the relative movement of switch and body being primarily for a purpose other than the actuation of the switch, e.g. door switch, limit switch, floor-levelling switch of a lift H01H15/16Driving mechanisms H01H15/18acting with snap action H01H15/20with means for introducing a predetermined time delay H01H15/22having a single operating part protruding from different sides of switch casing for alternate actuation from opposite ends H01H15/24having a single operating part only protruding from one side of the switch casing for alternate pushing and pulling H01H17/00Switches having flexible operating part adapted only for pulling, e.g. cord, chain for emergency stop switches H01H3/0226 H01H17/02Details H01H17/04Stationary parts guides H01H17/14 H01H17/06Movable parts guides H01H17/14 H01H17/08Operating part, e.g. cord H01H17/10adapted for operation by a part of the human body other than the hand, e.g. by foot H01H17/12adapted for actuation at a limit or other predetermined position in the path of a body, the relative movement of switch and body being primarily for a purpose other than the actuation of the switch, e.g. door switch, limit switch, floor-levelling switch of a lift H01H17/14Guiding means for flexible operating part H01H17/16having a single flexible operating part adapted for pulling at one end only H01H17/165secured to a part of the switch mechanism that has only rectilinear movement H01H17/18secured to part of the switch driving mechanism that has only angular movement H01H17/20the contact returning to its original state immediately upon removal of operating force H01H17/22the contact returning to its original state upon the next application of operating force H01H17/24secured to a part of the switch driving mechanism that has both angular and rectilinear motion H01H17/26having two flexible operating partshaving a single operating part adapted for pulling at both ends H01H17/28secured to part or parts of the switch driving mechanism having only rectilinear motion H01H17/30secured to a part or parts of the switch driving mechanism having only angular motion H01H19/00Switches operated by an operating part which is rotatable about a longitudinal axis thereof and which is acted upon directly by a solid body external to the switch, e.g. by a hand H01H19/001Thumb wheel switches H01H19/003having a pushbutton actuator H01H19/005Electromechanical pulse generators H01H2019/006being rotation direction sensitive, e.g. the generated pulse or code depends on the direction of rotation of the operating part H01H2019/008with snap mounting of rotatable part on fixed part, e.g. rotor on stator, operating knob on switch panel H01H19/02Details H01H19/025Light-emitting indicators H01H19/03Means for limiting the angle of rotation of the operating part H01H19/04CasesCovers H01H19/06Dustproof, splashproof, drip-proof, waterproof, or flameproof casings H01H19/065Casings hermetically closed by a diaphragm through which passes an actuating member vacuum switches H01H33/66 H01H19/08BasesStationary contacts mounted thereon H01H19/10Movable partsContacts mounted thereon H01H19/11with indexing means H01H19/115using molded elastic parts only H01H19/12Contact arrangements for providing make-before-break operation, e.g. for on-load tap-changing H01H19/14Operating parts, e.g. turn knob H01H2019/143having at least two concentric turn knobs H01H2019/146Roller type actuators H01H19/16adapted for operation by a part of the human body other than the hand, e.g. by foot H01H19/18adapted for actuation at a limit or other predetermined position in the path of a body, the relative movement of switch and body being primarily for a purpose other than the actuation of the switch, e.g. door switch, limit switch, floor-levelling switch of a lift H01H19/183adapted for operation by the simultaneous action of two cam plates, rotating at different speeds H01H19/186with travelling nuts H01H19/20Driving mechanisms allowing angular displacement of the operating part to be effective in either direction H01H19/22incorporating lost motion H01H19/24acting with snap action H01H19/26with means for introducing a predetermined time delay H01H19/28Driving mechanisms allowing angular displacement of the operating part to be effective or possible in only one direction H01H19/30incorporating lost motion H01H19/32acting with snap action H01H19/34with means for introducing a predetermined time delay H01H19/36the operating part having only two operative positions, e.g. relatively displaced by 180 degrees H01H19/38Change-over switches H01H19/40having only axial contact pressure H01H19/42providing more than two electrically different conditions, e.g. for closing either or both of two circuits H01H19/44having only axial contact pressure H01H19/46the operating part having three operative positions, e.g. off/star/delta H01H19/48having only axial contact pressure H01H19/50the operating part having four operative positions, e.g. off/two-in-series/one-only/two-in-parallel H01H19/52having only axial contact pressure H01H19/54the operating part having at least five or an unspecified number of operative positions H01H19/56Angularly-movable actuating part carrying contacts, e.g. drum switch H01H19/563with an initial separation movement perpendicular to the switching movement H01H19/566in which the contact making surfaces are inclined, i.e. not perpendicular, to the axial or radial direction H01H19/58having only axial contact pressure, e.g. disc switch, wafer switch H01H19/585provided with printed circuit contacts H01H19/60Angularly-movable actuating part carrying no contacts H01H19/605in which the actuation of the contacts depends on the direction of rotation H01H19/62Contacts actuated by radial cams H01H19/623Adjustable cams H01H19/626actuating bridging contacts H01H19/623 takes precedence H01H19/63Contacts actuated by axial cams H01H19/6355 takes precedence H01H19/635Contacts actuated by rectilinearly-movable member linked to operating part, e.g. by pin and slot H01H19/6355using axial cam devices for transforming the angular movement into linear movement along the axis of rotation H01H19/64Encased switches adapted for ganged operation when assembled in a line with identical switches, e.g. stacked switches H01H21/00Switches operated by an operating part in the form of a pivotable member acted upon directly by a solid body, e.g. by a hand tumbler or rocker switches H01H23/00; switches having an operating part movable angularly in more than one plane H01H25/04 H01H21/02Details H01H21/025Light-emitting indicators H01H21/04CasesCovers H01H21/06interlocked with operating mechanism H01H21/08Dustproof, splashproof, drip-proof, waterproof, or flameproof casings H01H21/085Casings hermetically closed by a diaphragm through which passes an actuating member vacuum switches H01H33/66 H01H21/10Casing of switch constituted by a handle serving a purpose other than the actuation of the switch H01H21/12BasesStationary contacts mounted thereon H01H21/14Means for increasing contact pressure H01H21/16Adaptation for built-in fuse H01H21/165Fuses mounted on, or constituting the movable contact parts of, the switch H01H21/18Movable partsContacts mounted thereon H01H21/20Contact arrangements for providing make-before-break operation, e.g. for on-load tap-changing H01H21/22Operating parts, e.g. handle H01H2021/225with push-pull operation, e.g. which can be pivoted in both directions by pushing or pulling on the same extremity of the operating member H01H21/24biased to return to normal position upon removal of operating force H01H21/245the contact returning to its original state upon the next application of operating force H01H21/26adapted for operation by a part of the human body other than the hand, e.g. by foot H01H21/28adapted for actuation at a limit or other predetermined position in the path of a body, the relative movement of switch and body being primarily for a purpose other than the actuation of the switch, e.g. door switch, limit switch, floor-levelling switch of a lift H01H21/282for actuation by moving a closing member, e.g. door, cover the switch controlling enclosed equipment H01H9/226 H01H21/285having an operating arm actuated by the movement of the body and mounted on an axis converting its rotating movement into a rectilinear switch activating movement H01H2021/287with adjustable head, e.g. the actuator head can have different positions in relation to the limit switch itself H01H21/30not biased to return to a normal position upon removal of operating force H01H21/32adapted for operation by a part of the human body other than the hand, e.g. by foot H01H21/34adapted for actuation at a limit or other predetermined position in the path of a body, the relative movement of switch and body being primarily for a purpose other than the actuation of the switch, e.g. door switch, limit switch, floor-levelling switch of a lift H01H21/36Driving mechanisms H01H21/38incorporating lost motion H01H21/40having snap action H01H21/42produced by compression or extension of coil spring H01H21/44produced by flexing blade springs H01H21/46with two or more snap-action motions in succession H01H21/48incorporating a ratchet mechanism H01H21/50with indexing or latching means, e.g. indexing by ball and springwith means to ensure stopping at intermediate operative positions H01H21/52with means for introducing a predetermined time delay H01H21/54Lever switches with blade-type contact co-operating with one or two spring-clip contacts, e.g. knife switch H01H21/56making contact in one position only H01H21/58Change-over switches without stable intermediate position H01H21/60Change-over switches with stable intermediate position H01H21/86Switches with abutting contact carried by operating part, e.g. telegraph tapping key H01H21/88with intermediate position of rest H01H23/00Tumbler or rocker switches, i.e. switches characterised by being operated by rocking an operating member in the form of a rocker button
In this group, the term "rocking" is defined as pivotal motion in one plane about an axis parallel to the switch faceplate and located substantially centrally between the ends of the rocker button H01H23/003with more than one electrically distinguishable condition in one or both positions H01H23/006adapted for connection with printed circuit boards H01H23/02Details H01H23/025Light-emitting indicators H01H23/04CasesCovers H01H23/06Dustproof, splashproof, drip-proof, waterproof, or flameproof casings H01H23/065Casings hermetically closed by a diaphragm through which passes an actuating member vacuum switches H01H33/66 H01H23/08BasesStationary contacts mounted thereon H01H23/10Adaptation for built-in fuse H01H23/105Fuses mounted on, or constituting the movable part of, the switch H01H23/12Movable partsContacts mounted thereon H01H23/14Tumblers H01H23/141provided with extensions, e.g. for actuation by a child H01H23/143having a generally flat elongated shape H01H23/145the actuating surface having two slightly inclined areas extending from the middle outward H01H23/146having a generally tubular or conical elongated shape, e.g. dolly H01H23/148actuated by superimposed sliding element H01H23/141 takes precedence H01H23/16Driving mechanisms H01H23/162incorporating links interconnecting tumbler and contact arm H01H23/164with rectilinearly movable member carrying the contacts H01H23/166with positive action H01H23/168using cams H01H23/18incorporating lost motion H01H23/20having snap action H01H23/205using a compression spring between tumbler and an articulated contact plate H01H23/22with means for introducing a predetermined time delay H01H23/24with two operating positions H01H23/26one of which positions is unstable H01H23/28with three operating positions H01H23/30with stable centre positions and one or both end positions unstable H01H25/00Switches with compound movement of handle or other operating part H01H25/002having an operating member rectilinearly slidable in different directions H01H2025/004the operating member being depressable perpendicular to the other directions H01H25/006having an operating member slidable in a plane in one direction and pivotable around an axis located in the sliding plane perpendicular to the sliding direction H01H25/008Operating part movable both angularly and rectilinearly, the rectilinear movement being perpendicular to the axis of angular movement H01H25/04Operating part movable angularly in more than one plane, e.g. joystick H01H25/041having a generally flat operating member depressible at different locations to operate different controls H01H2025/043the operating member being rotatable around wobbling axis for additional switching functions H01H2025/045having a rotating dial around the operating member for additional switching functions H01H2025/046having a spherical bearing between operating member and housing or bezel H01H2025/048having a separate central push, slide or tumbler button which is not integral with the operating part that surrounds it H01H25/06Operating part movable both angularly and rectilinearly, the rectilinear movement being along the axis of angular movement H01H25/065using separate operating parts, e.g. a push button surrounded by a rotating knob H01H27/00Switches operated by a removable member, e.g. key, plug or plateSwitches operated by setting members according to a single predetermined combination out of several possible settings combined with plug-and-socket connectors H01R13/70; with current-carrying plug H01R31/08 H01H27/002wherein one single insertion movement of a key comprises an unlocking stroke and a switch actuating stroke, e.g. security switch for safety guards H01H2027/005the key receiving part having multiple openings to allow keys from different directions to operate the switch H01H27/007the switch being lockable by remote control, e.g. by electromagnet H01H27/04Insulating plug or plate inserted between normally closed contacts H01H27/06Key inserted and then turned to effect operation of the switch H01H27/063wherein the switch cannot be moved to a third position, e.g. start position, unless the preceding movement was from a first position to a second position, e.g. ignition position H01H2027/066having anti-tamper provisions, e.g. avoiding the removal of the lock cylinder H01H27/08wherein the key cannot be removed until the switch is returned to its original position H01H27/063 takes precedence H01H27/10Switch operated by setting members according to a single predetermined combination out of several possible settings H01H29/00Switches having at least one liquid contact solid contacts wetted or soaked with mercury H01H1/08 H01H29/002Inertia switches H01H29/004Operated by deformation of container H01H29/006Self interrupters, e.g. with periodic or other repetitive opening and closing of contacts H01H2029/008using micromechanics, e.g. micromechanical liquid contact switches or [LIMMS] H01H29/02Details H01H29/04ContactsContainers for liquid contacts H01H29/06Liquid contacts characterised by the material thereof H01H29/08Means for introducing a predetermined time delay H01H29/10by constricting the flow of the contact liquid H01H29/12Operating mechanisms adapted for operation by a part of the human body other than the hand, e.g. by foot H01H29/14Operating mechanisms adapted for actuation at a limit or other predetermined position in the path of a body, the relative movement of switch and body being primarily for a purpose other than the actuation of the switch, e.g. door switch, limit switch, floor-levelling switch of a lift H01H29/16operated by dipping soil contact into stationary contact liquid H01H29/18with level of surface of contact liquid displaced by non-electrical contact-making plunger H01H29/20operated by tilting contact-liquid container H01H29/22wherein contact is made and broken between liquid and solid H01H29/24wherein contact is made and broken between liquid and liquid H01H29/26with level of surface of contact liquid displaced by centrifugal action H01H29/28with level of surface of contact liquid displaced by fluid pressure H01H29/30with level of surface of contact liquid displaced by expansion or evaporation thereof H01H29/32with contact made by a liquid jet, e.g. earthing switch with contact made by jet of water H01H31/00Air-break switches for high tension without arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means in combination with high tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means H01H33/00 H01H31/003Earthing switches H01H31/02 - H01H31/26 take precedence; contact made by liquid jet H01H29/32; for substations H02B1/16, H02B5/01; for withdrawable switchgear H02B11/28; for gas-insulated switchgear H02B13/075 H01H31/006adapted to be operated by a hot stick; Hot sticks therefor H01H31/02Details H01H31/023Base and stationary contacts mounted thereon H01H31/026Movable parts and contacts mounted thereon H01H31/04Interlocking mechanisms H01H31/06for interlocking between casing, cover, or protective shutter and mechanism for operating contacts H01H31/08for interlocking two or more parts of the mechanism for operating contacts H01H31/10for interlocking two or more switches H01H31/12Adaptation for built-in fuse H01H31/122Fuses mounted on, or constituting the movable contact parts of, the switch H01H31/125with a pivotally supported fuse, hanging on a fixed contact in the open position of the switch H01H31/127 takes precedence H01H31/127Drop-out fuses H01H31/14with bridging contact that is not electrically connected to either line contact in open position of switch H01H31/16with angularly-movable bridging contact or contact-carrying member H01H31/18actuated through the movement of one or more insulators H01H31/20at least one insulator being rotatable about its own geometrical axis H01H31/22wherein the contact or contacts are rectilinearly movable with respect to the carrying member H01H31/24with rectilinearly-movable bridging contact H01H31/26with movable contact that remains electrically connected to one line in open position of switch H01H31/28with angularly-movable contact H01H31/283wherein the contact or contacts are rectilinearly movable with respect to the carrying member H01H2031/286wherein the contact is rotatable around its own longitudinal axis H01H31/30actuated through the movement of one or more insulators H01H31/32with rectilinearly-movable contact H01H31/34with movable contact adapted to engage an overhead transmission line, e.g. for branching H01H31/36Contact moved by pantograph H01H33/00High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means H01H33/002Very heavy-current switches H01H33/02 - H01H33/98 take precedence H01H33/004making use of superconducting contacts current limitation using superconducting elements H02H9/023; power cryotrons H10N60/355 H01H33/006adapted for interrupting fault currents with delayed zero crossings H01H33/008Pedestal mounted switch gear combinations H01H33/02Details H01H33/021Use of solid insulating compounds resistant to the contacting fluid dielectrics and their decomposition products, e.g. to SF₆ H01H33/022particular to three-phase circuit breakers synchronous switching H01H9/563 H01H2033/024with a triangular setup of circuit breakers H01H33/025Terminal arrangements for vacuum switches H01H33/6606 H01H33/027Integrated apparatus for measuring current or voltage H01H2033/028the cooperating contacts being both actuated simultaneously in opposite directions H01H33/04Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts H01H33/045for arcs formed during closing H01H33/06Insulating body insertable between contacts H01H33/08Stationary parts for restricting or subdividing the arc, e.g. barrier plate H01H2033/085using a flat arc chute, the width of arc chamber being only slightly greater then thickness of switch blade H01H33/10Metal parts H01H33/12Auxiliary contacts on to which the arc is transferred from the main contacts using arcing horns H01H33/20 H01H33/121Load break switches H01H33/122both breaker and sectionaliser being enclosed, e.g. in SF₆-filled container H01H33/123in which the auxiliary contact pivots on the main contact-arm and performs a delayed and accelerated movement H01H33/124the auxiliary contact being a whip contact H01H33/125comprising a separate circuit breaker H01H33/122 takes precedence H01H33/126being operated by the distal end of a sectionalising contact arm H01H33/127movable with a sectionalising contact arm and operated by such movement H01H33/128being operated by a separate mechanism interlocked with the sectionalising mechanism H01H33/14Multiple main contacts for the purpose of dividing the current through, or potential drop along, the arc H01H33/143of different construction or type H01H2033/146using capacitors, e.g. for the voltage division over the different switches H01H33/16Impedances connected with contacts H01H33/161Variable impedances H01H33/162Liquid resistors H01H2033/163using PTC elements H01H33/164the impedance being inserted in the circuit by blowing the arc onto an auxiliary electrode H01H33/165Details concerning the impedances H01H33/161 takes precedence H01H33/166the impedance being inserted only while closing the switch H01H33/167the impedance being inserted only while opening the switch H01H33/168the impedance being inserted both while closing and while opening the switch H01H33/18using blow-out magnet for vacuum switches H01H33/664 H01H33/182using permanent magnets H01H33/187 takes precedence H01H33/185using magnetisable elements associated with the contacts H01H33/187 takes precedence H01H33/187comprising a hollow annular arc runner and a central contact between which a radially drawn arc rotates H01H33/20using arcing horns using blow-out magnet H01H33/18 H01H33/22Selection of fluids for arc-extinguishing H01H33/24Means for preventing discharge to non-current-carrying parts, e.g. using corona ring H01H33/245using movable field electrodes H01H33/26Means for detecting the presence of an arc or other discharge H01H33/28Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism H01H33/285using electro-dynamic repulsion assisting the movement of pistons by accelerating coil H01H33/882 H01H33/30using fluid actuator H01H33/302for fluid insulated switchgear, wherein the insulating fluid is also the working fluid H01H33/304Working fluid supplies H01H2033/306monitoring the pressure of the working fluid, e.g. for protection measures H01H2033/308comprising control and pilot valves H01H33/32pneumatic H01H33/34hydraulic H01H33/36using dynamo-electric motor H01H33/38using electromagnet H01H33/40using spring motor H01H33/42Driving mechanisms H01H33/423making use of an electromagnetic wave communication H01H2033/426Details concerning the connection of the isolating driving rod to a metallic part H01H33/44Devices for ensuring operation of the switch at a predetermined point in the ac cycle circuit arrangements H01H33/59 H01H33/46Interlocking mechanisms H01H33/48for interlocking between casing or cover and mechanism for operating contacts H01H33/50for interlocking two or more parts of the mechanism for operating contacts H01H33/52for interlocking two or more switches H01H33/53Cases for switchgear H02B1/26Reservoirs, tanks, piping or valves, for arc-extinguishing fluidAccessories therefor, e.g. safety arrangements, pressure relief devices H01H33/55Oil reservoirs or tanksLowering means therefor associated with withdrawal mechanism for isolation of switch H02B11/08 H01H33/555Protective arrangements responsive to abnormal fluid pressure, liquid level or liquid displacement, e.g. Buchholz relays circuits H02H5/08; specially adapted for transformers H01F27/402 H01H33/56Gas reservoirs H01H33/561composed of different independent pressurised compartments put in communication only after their assemblage H01H33/562Means for avoiding liquefaction or for disposing of liquefaction products H01H33/563comprising means for monitoring the density of the insulating gas H01H33/565Gas-tight sealings for moving parts penetrating into the reservoir H01H2033/566Avoiding the use of SF₆ H01H2033/567Detection of decomposition products of the gas H01H2033/568with overpressure release, e.g. rupture membranes H01H33/57Recuperation of liquid or gas H01H33/58Silencers for suppressing noise of switch operation H01H33/59Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switch and not otherwise provided for, e.g. for ensuring operation of the switch at a predetermined point in the ac cycle H01H33/593for ensuring operation of the switch at a predetermined point of the ac cycle for multipolar switches H01H9/563 H01H33/596for interrupting dc H01H33/60Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid H01H33/64wherein the break is in gas vacuum switches H01H33/66 H01H33/65wherein the break is in air at atmospheric pressure, e.g. in open air H01H33/66Vacuum switches H01H33/6606Terminal arrangements H01H2033/6613Cooling arrangements directly associated with the terminal arrangements H01H33/662Housings or protective screens H01H33/66207Specific housing details, e.g. sealing, soldering or brazing H01H2033/66215Details relating to the soldering or brazing of vacuum switch housings H01H2033/66223Details relating to the sealing of vacuum switch housings H01H2033/6623Details relating to the encasing or the outside layers of the vacuum switch housings H01H33/66238Specific bellows details H01H2033/66246Details relating to the guiding of the contact rod in vacuum switch belows H01H2033/66253Details relating to the prevention of unwanted rotation of the contact rod in vacuum switch bellows H01H33/66261Specific screen details, e.g. mounting, materials, multiple screens or specific electrical field considerations H01H2033/66269Details relating to the materials used for screens in vacuum switches H01H2033/66276Details relating to the mounting of screens in vacuum switches H01H2033/66284Details relating to the electrical field properties of screens in vacuum switches H01H2033/66292Details relating to the use of multiple screens in vacuum switches H01H33/664ContactsArc-extinguishing means, e.g. arcing rings H01H33/6641making use of a separate coil H01H33/6642having cup-shaped contacts, the cylindrical wall of which being provided with inclined slits to form a coil H01H33/6643having disc-shaped contacts subdivided in petal-like segments, e.g. by helical grooves H01H33/6644having coil-like electrical connections between contact rod and the proper contact H01H33/6645in which the coil like electrical connections encircle at least once the contact rod H01H33/6646having non flat disc-like contact surface H01H33/6647having fixed middle contact and two movable contacts H01H2033/6648Contacts containing flexible parts, e.g. to improve contact pressure H01H33/666Operating arrangements H01H33/6661Combination with other type of switch, e.g. for load break switches H01H33/143, H01H33/6662 take precedence H01H33/6662using bistable electromagnetic actuators, e.g. linear polarised electromagnetic actuators H01H33/6664with pivoting movable contact structure H01H2033/6665Details concerning the mounting or supporting of the individual vacuum bottles H01H2033/6667Details concerning lever type driving rod arrangements H01H2033/6668with a plurality of interruptible circuit paths in single vacuum chamber H01H33/668Means for obtaining or monitoring the vacuum H01H33/6683by gettering H01H2033/6686by emitting and receiving reflected sound or ultrasound signals H01H33/68Liquid-break switches, e.g. oil-break H01H33/70Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid H01H33/7007wherein the flow is a function of the current being interrupted H01H33/7015characterised by flow directing elements associated with contacts electrical or mechanical properties of the contact system H01H1/385 H01H33/7023characterised by an insulating tubular gas flow enhancing nozzle H01H33/7038 takes precedence H01H33/703having special gas flow directing elements, e.g. grooves, extensions H01H33/7038characterised by a conducting tubular gas flow enhancing nozzle H01H33/7046having special gas flow directing elements, e.g. grooves, extensions H01H33/7053 takes precedence H01H33/7053having a bridging element around two hollow tubular contacts H01H33/7061characterised by use of special mounting means H01H33/7023 - H01H33/7038 take precedence H01H33/7069characterised by special dielectric or insulating properties or by special electric or magnetic field control properties H01H33/7023 - H01H33/7061 take precedence H01H33/7076characterised by the use of special materials H01H33/7023 - H01H33/7069 take precedence H01H33/7084characterised by movable parts influencing the gas flow H01H33/7023 - H01H33/7076 take precedence H01H33/7092characterised by several arcing chambers in series H01H33/7023 - H01H33/7084 take precedence H01H33/72having stationary parts for directing the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid, e.g. arc-extinguishing chamber H01H33/73wherein the break is in air at atmospheric pressure, e.g. in open air H01H33/74wherein the break is in gas in air at atmospheric pressure H01H33/73 H01H33/75Liquid-break switches, e.g. oil-break H01H33/76wherein arc-extinguishing gas is evolved from stationary partsSelection of material therefor H01H33/765the gas-evolving material being incorporated in the contact material H01H33/77wherein the break is in air at atmospheric pressure H01H33/78wherein the break is in gas in air at atmospheric pressure H01H33/77 H01H33/80flow of arc-extinguishing fluid from a pressure source being controlled by a valve H01H33/82the fluid being air or gas H01H33/83wherein the contacts are opened by the flow of air or gas H01H33/84the fluid being liquid, e.g. oil H01H33/85wherein the contacts are opened by the flow of liquid H01H33/86the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid under pressure from the contact space being controlled by a valve H01H33/88the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts H01H33/882the movement being assisted by accelerating coils H01H33/884with variable-area piston H01H33/886by movement of rotating pistons H01H2033/888Deflection of hot gasses and arcing products H01H33/90this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism H01H33/901making use of the energy of the arc or an auxiliary arc H01H2033/902with the gases from hot space and compression volume following different paths to arc space or nozzle, i.e. the compressed gases do not pass through hot volume H01H33/903and assisting the operating mechanism H01H33/904characterised by the transmission between operating mechanism and piston or movable contact H01H33/905the compression volume being formed by a movable cylinder and a semi-mobile piston H01H2033/906with pressure limitation in the compression volume, e.g. by valves or bleeder openings H01H2033/907using tandem pistons, e.g. several compression volumes being modified in conjunction or sequential H01H2033/908using valves for regulating communication between, e.g. arc space, hot volume, compression volume, surrounding volume H01H33/91the arc-extinguishing fluid being air or gas H01H2033/912Liquified gases, e.g. liquified SF₆ H01H33/92the arc-extinguishing fluid being liquid, e.g. oil H01H33/94this movement being effected solely due to the pressure caused by the arc itself or by an auxiliary arc H01H33/903 takes precedence H01H33/95the arc-extinguishing fluid being air or gas H01H33/96the arc-extinguishing fluid being liquid, e.g. oil H01H33/98the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being initiated by an auxiliary arc or a section of the arc, without any moving parts for producing or increasing the flow H01H33/901 takes precedence H01H33/982in which the pressure-generating arc is rotated by a magnetic field H01H35/00Switches operated by change of a physical condition operated by change of magnetic or electric field H01H36/00; thermally-actuated switches H01H37/00A switching device is classified according to that physical condition which, when changed, acts as input to the device, e.g. external explosion causing pressure wave to act upon switch is classified in group H01H35/24, an explosion produced within the switch in group H01H37/00 if initiated by heat, in group H01H39/00 if initiated electrically, and in group H01H35/14 if initiated by an external blow. H01H35/003Switches operated by other part of human body than hands push-button switches H01H13/16; slide switches H01H15/20; cord switches H01H17/10; other switches H01H19/16 and H01H21/26 H01H35/006Switches operated by mechanical overload condition, e.g. transmitted force or torque becoming too high H01H35/02Switches operated by change of position, inclination or orientation of the switch itself in relation to gravitational field tilting mercury container H01H29/20; change of position due to change of liquid level H01H35/18 H01H35/022the switch being of the reed switch type H01H35/025the switch being discriminative in different directions H01H35/027the inertia mass activating the switch mechanically, e.g. through a lever H01H35/06Switches operated by change of speed operated by change of fluid flow H01H35/24 H01H35/10Centrifugal switches level of mercury displaced by centrifugal action H01H29/26 H01H35/12operated by reversal of direction of movement H01H35/14Switches operated by change of acceleration, e.g. by shock or vibration, inertia switch wherein the liquid constitutes a contact of the switch H01H29/002 H01H35/141Details H01H35/142Damping means to avoid unwanted response H01H35/143Resetting means H01H35/144operated by vibration H01H35/145operated by a particular acceleration-time function H01H35/146operated by plastic deformation or rupture of structurally associated elements H01H35/147the switch being of the reed switch type H01H35/148making use of a rolamite sensor H01H35/18Switches operated by change of liquid level or of liquid density, e.g. float switch by magnet carried on a float H01H36/02 H01H35/183making use of a thermal switch H01H35/186making use of a cable suspended floater containing an inclination sensing switch H01H35/24Switches operated by change of fluid pressure, by fluid pressure waves, or by change of fluid flow wherein the change of pressure is caused by change of temperature H01H37/36 H01H35/242operated by one particular pressure-time function H01H35/245actuated by the deformation of a body of elastic material H01H35/247the switch being of the reed switch type H01H35/26Details H01H35/2607Means for adjustment of "ON" or "OFF" operating pressure means for adjustment of "ON" or "OFF" operating temperature of thermally actuated switches by varying bias on the thermal element due to a separate spring H01H37/18 H01H35/2614by varying the bias on the pressure sensitive element H01H35/2621the bias being magnetic H01H35/2628by varying the relative position of switch-casing and pressure sensitive element H01H35/2635by adjustment of a motion transmitting system H01H35/2642comprising a lost-motion connection H01H35/265by adjustment of one of the co-operating contacts H01H35/2657with different switches operated at substantially different pressures H01H35/2664making use of a balance plate pivoting about different axes H01H35/2671Means to detect leaks in the pressure sensitive element H01H35/2678Means to isolate oscillating component of pressure H01H35/2685Means to protect pressure sensitive element against over pressure H01H35/2692comprising pneumatic snap-action H01H35/28Compensation for variation of ambient pressure or temperature H01H35/30Means for transmitting pressure to pressure-responsive operating part, e.g. by capsule and capillary tube H01H35/32actuated by bellows H01H35/34actuated by diaphragm H01H35/343by snap acting diaphragm H01H35/346in which the movable contact is formed or directly supported by the diaphragm H01H35/36actuated by curled flexible tube, e.g. Bourdon tube H01H35/38actuated by piston and cylinder H01H35/40actuated by devices allowing continual flow of fluid, e.g. vane H01H35/405the switch being of the reed switch type H01H35/42Switches operated by change of humidity H01H36/00Switches actuated by change of magnetic field or of electric field, e.g. by change of relative position of magnet and switch, by shielding H01H36/0006Permanent magnet actuating reed switches H01H35/147 takes precedence H01H36/0013characterised by the co-operation between reed switch and permanent magnet; Magnetic circuits H01H36/002Actuation by moving ferromagnetic material, switch and magnet being fixed H01H36/0026comprising a biasing, helping or polarising magnet H01H36/0033Mountings; Housings; Connections H01H36/004push-button-operated, e.g. for keyboards H01H36/0046Limit switches, also fail-safe operation or anti-tamper considerations H01H36/0053periodically operated H01H36/006comprising a plurality of reed switches, e.g. selectors or joystick-operated H01H36/0066magnet being removable, e.g. part of key pencil H01H36/0073actuated by relative movement between two magnets H01H36/008Change of magnetic field wherein the magnet and switch are fixed, e.g. by shielding or relative movements of armature for reed switches H01H36/002 H01H2036/0086Movable or fixed contacts formed by permanent magnets H01H2036/0093Micromechanical switches actuated by a change of the magnetic field H01H36/02actuated by movement of a float carrying a magnet H01H37/00Thermally-actuated switches H01H37/002combined with protective means H01H37/004with thermal image H01H37/006with different switches operated at substantially different temperatures H01H2037/008Micromechanical switches operated thermally H01H37/02Details H01H37/04BasesHousingsMountings H01H37/5427 takes precedence H01H37/043Mountings on controlled apparatus H01H2037/046being soldered on the printed circuit to be protected H01H37/06to facilitate replacement, e.g. cartridge housing H01H37/08IndicatorsDistinguishing marks H01H37/10Compensation for variation of ambient temperature or pressure H01H37/12Means for adjustment of "on" or "off" operating temperature H01H37/14by anticipatory electric heater H01H37/16by varying the proportion of input heat received by the thermal element, e.g. by displacement of a shield H01H37/18by varying bias on the thermal element due to a separate spring H01H37/20by varying the position of the thermal element in relation to switch base or casing H01H37/22by adjustment of a member transmitting motion from the thermal element to contacts or latch H01H37/24by adjustment of position of the movable contact on its driving member H01H37/26by adjustment of abutment for "off" position of the movable contact H01H37/28by adjustment of the position of the fixed contact H01H37/30by varying the position of the contact unit in relation to switch base or casing H01H37/32Thermally-sensitive members H01H37/323making use of shape memory materials in thermal relays H01H61/0107; release mechanism H01H71/145; treatment of SMF alloys C22F1/006; for control of temperature G05D23/024 H01H2037/326with radiative heat transfer to the switch, e.g. special absorption surfaces H01H37/34Means for transmitting heat thereto, e.g. capsule remote from contact member H01H37/36actuated due to expansion or contraction of a fluid with or without vaporisation the fluid forming a contact of the switch H01H29/04, H01H29/30 H01H37/38with bellows H01H37/40with diaphragm H01H37/42with curled flexible tube, e.g. Bourdon tube H01H37/44with piston and cylinder H01H37/46actuated due to expansion or contraction of a solid deflection of a bimetallic element H01H37/52 H01H37/48with extensible rigid rods or tubes H01H37/50with extensible wires under tension H01H37/52actuated due to deflection of bimetallic element H01H37/521comprising a plurality of bimetals acting in the same direction H01H2037/523using a corrugated bimetal H01H2037/525Details of manufacturing of the bimetals, e.g. connection to non bimetallic elements or insulating coatings H01H2037/526Materials for bimetals H01H2037/528the bimetallic element being composed of more than two layers H01H37/54wherein the bimetallic element is inherently snap acting H01H37/5409Bistable switches; Resetting means H01H37/5418using cantilevered bimetallic snap elements H01H37/5427encapsulated in sealed miniaturised housing H01H37/5436mounted on controlled apparatus H01H2037/5445with measures for avoiding slow break of contacts during the creep phase of the snap bimetal H01H2037/5454with separate spring biasing the bimetal snap element against the heat transfer surface H01H2037/5463the bimetallic snap element forming part of switched circuit H01H2037/5472having an omega form, e.g. the bimetallic snap element having a ring shape with a central tongue H01H2037/5481the bimetallic snap element being mounted on the contact spring H01H2037/549Details of movement transmission between bimetallic snap element and contact H01H37/56having spirally wound or helically wound bimetallic element H01H37/58actuated due to thermally controlled change of magnetic permeability H01H37/585the switch being of the reed switch type H01H37/60Means for producing snap action inherent in bimetallic element H01H37/54; caused by a magnet H01H37/66 H01H37/62Means other than thermal means for introducing a predetermined time delay H01H37/64Contacts H01H37/66Magnetic reinforcement of contact pressureMagnet causing snap action H01H37/68sealed in evacuated or gas-filled tube H01H37/70Resetting means H01H37/5409 takes precedence H01H2037/705wherein the switch cannot be closed when the temperature is above a certain value H01H37/72Switches in which the opening movement and the closing movement of a contact are effected respectively by heating and cooling or vice versa H01H37/74Switches in which only the opening movement or only the closing movement of a contact is effected by heating or cooling H01H37/76Contact member actuated by melting of fusible material, actuated due to burning of combustible material or due to explosion of explosive material H01H37/761with a fusible element forming part of the switched circuit H01H37/767 takes precedence H01H2037/762using a spring for opening the circuit when the fusible element melts H01H2037/763the spring being a blade spring H01H37/764in which contacts are held closed by a thermal pellet H01H37/765using a sliding contact between a metallic cylindrical housing and a central electrode H01H37/766using a bridging contact H01H37/767Normally open H01H2037/768characterised by the composition of the fusible material H01H2037/769characterised by the composition of insulating fusible materials, e.g. for use in the thermal pellets H01H39/00Switching devices actuated by an explosion produced within the device and initiated by an electric current H01H39/002provided with a cartridge-magazine H01H39/004Closing switches H01H39/006Opening by severing a conductor H01H2039/008using the switch for a battery cutoff H01H41/00Switches providing a selected number of consecutive operations of the contacts by a single manual actuation of the operating part H01H41/04Switches without means for setting or mechanically storing a multidigit number H01H41/06dial or slide operated H01H41/08keyboard operated H01H41/10Switches with means for setting or mechanically storing a multidigit number H01H41/12dial or slide operated H01H41/14keyboard operated H01H43/00Time or time-programme switches providing a choice of time-intervals for executing one or more switching actions and automatically terminating their operations after the programme is completed H01H43/005with timing of the actuation of contacts due to a part rotating at variable speed H01H43/02Details H01H43/022Bases; Housings; Mountings H01H43/024Terminal arrangements H01H43/026Contact arrangements H01H43/028Means for manually actuating the contacts or interfering with the cooperation between timer mechanism and contacts H01H43/04Means for time setting H01H43/06comprising separately adjustable parts for each programme step, e.g. with tappets H01H43/065using cams or discs supporting a plurality of individually programmable elements (Schaltreiter) H01H43/08comprising an interchangeable programme part which is common for all programme steps, e.g. with a punched card H01H43/10with timing of actuation of contacts due to a part rotating at substantially constant speed H01H43/101Driving mechanisms H01H43/102using a pawl and ratchet wheel mechanism H01H43/103stopping automatically after one preselected time interval H01H43/104by mechanical coupling device H01H43/105by electromechanical coupling device H01H43/106Manual programme selecting means H01H2043/107Bidirectional selecting means, e.g. the program selecting knob being turnable in both directions H01H2043/108where at least some contacts of electromechanical timer give instructions to electronic timer and/or the timing motor is under control of electronic timer, e.g. hybrid timer H01H43/12stopping automatically after a single cycle of operation H01H43/121using a drum H01H43/122with provision for adjustment of the intervals by a non-rotating member H01H43/124using a disc H01H43/125using a cam H01H43/127with provision for adjustment of the intervals by means carried by the cam H01H43/128with provision for adjustment of the intervals by a non-rotating member H01H43/14wherein repetition of operation necessitates resetting of time intervals H01H43/16stopping automatically after a predetermined plurality of cycles of operation H01H43/24with timing of actuation of contacts due to a non-rotatable moving part H01H43/26the actuation being produced by a substance flowing due to gravity, e.g. sand, water H01H43/28the actuation being produced by a part, the speed of which is controlled by fluid-pressure means, e.g. by piston and cylinder H01H43/285adjusting the time interval by means of an adjustable orifice, e.g. needle valve H01H43/30with timing of actuation of contacts due to thermal action H01H43/301based on the expansion or contraction of a material thermometers based on the expansion or contraction of a material G01K5/00 H01H43/302of solid bodies H01H43/303of one single solid body, e.g. hot wire H01H43/304of two bodies expanding or contracting in a different manner, e.g. bimetallic elements H01H43/305actuating the contacts by commanding a mechanical device, e.g. thermal motor H01H43/306of liquids H01H43/307of gases H01H43/308based on the change of electrical properties, e.g. thermistors thermometers based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat G01K7/00 H01H43/309based on the change of magnetic properties thermometers based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat G01K7/00 H01H43/32with timing of actuation of contacts due to electrolytic processeswith timing of actuation of contacts due to chemical processes H01H43/322Electrolytic decomposition of liquids, e.g. actuation of contacts due to action of the products of reaction H01H43/325Electrolytic decomposition of solid bodies, e.g. action by rupture H01H43/327acting by coulometric transfer of material H01H45/00Relays H01H45/00Details of relays electric circuit arrangements H01H47/00; of electromagnetic relays H01H50/00; details of electrically-operated selector switches H01H63/00 H01H45/02BasesCasingsCovers frames for mounting two or more relays or for mounting a relay and another electric component H02B1/01, H04Q1/08, H05K H01H45/04Mounting complete relay or separate parts of relay on a base or inside a case H01H45/06having windowsTransparent cases or covers H01H45/08IndicatorsDistinguishing marks H01H45/10Electromagnetic or electrostatic shielding casings H01H45/02 H01H45/12VentilatingCoolingHeating for operating electrothermal relays H01H61/013 H01H45/14Terminal arrangements H01H47/00Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current H01H47/001Functional circuits, e.g. logic, sequencing, interlocking circuits H01H47/002Monitoring or fail-safe circuits H01H2047/003Detecting welded contacts and applying weld break pulses to coil H01H47/004using plural redundant serial connected relay operated contacts in controlled circuit H01H47/005Safety control circuits therefor, e.g. chain of relays mutually monitoring each other H01H2047/006Detecting unwanted movement of contacts and applying pulses to coil for restoring to normal status H01H47/007with galvanic isolation between controlling and controlled circuit, e.g. transformer relay H01H2047/008with a drop in current upon closure of armature or change of inductance H01H2047/009with self learning features, e.g. measuring the attracting current for a relay and memorising it H01H47/02for modifying the operation of the relay H01H2047/025with taking into account of the thermal influences, e.g. change in resistivity of the coil or being adapted to high temperatures H01H47/04for holding armature in attracted position, e.g. when initial energising circuit is interruptedfor maintaining armature in attracted position, e.g. with reduced energising current with switching regulator H01H47/325 H01H47/043making use of an energy accumulator for bistable relays H01H47/226 H01H2047/046with measuring of the magnetic field, e.g. of the magnetic flux, for the control of coil current H01H47/06by changing number of serially-connected turns or windings H01H47/08by changing number of parallel-connected turns or windings H01H47/10by switching-in or -out impedance external to the relay winding H01H47/12for biasing the electromagnet H01H47/14for differential operation of the relay H01H47/16for conjoint, e.g. additive, operation of the relay H01H47/18for introducing delay in the operation of the relay short-circuited conducting sleeves, bands or discs H01H50/46 H01H47/20for producing frequency-selective operation of the relay H01H47/22for supplying energising current for relay coil H01H47/223adapted to be supplied by AC H01H47/226for bistable relays H01H47/24having light-sensitive input H01H47/26having thermo-sensitive input H01H47/28Energising current supplied by discharge tube H01H47/30by gas-filled discharge tube H01H47/32Energising current supplied by semiconductor device H01H47/325by switching regulator H01H47/34Energising current supplied by magnetic amplifier H01H47/36Relay coil or coils forming part of a bridge circuit H01H49/00Apparatus or processes specially adapted to the manufacture of relays or parts thereof H01H50/00Details of electromagnetic relays H01H51/28 takes precedence; electric circuit arrangements H01H47/00; details of electrically-operated selector switches H01H63/00 H01H50/002particular to three-phase electromagnetic relays synchronous switching H01H9/563 H01H50/005using micromechanics H01H2050/007Relays of the polarised type, e.g. the MEMS relay beam having a preferential magnetisation direction H01H50/02BasesCasingsCovers frames for mounting two or more relays or for mounting a relay and another electric component H02B1/01, H04Q1/08, H05K H01H50/021structurally combining a relay and an electronic component, e.g. varistor, RC circuit auxiliary switch inserting resistor during closure H01H50/543 H01H50/023Details concerning sealing, e.g. sealing casing with resin H01H2050/025containing inert or dielectric gasses, e.g. SF₆, for arc prevention or arc extinction H01H50/026Details concerning isolation between driving and switching circuit H01H2050/028Means to improve the overall withstanding voltage, e.g. creepage distances H01H50/04Mounting complete relay or separate parts of relay on a base or inside a case H01H50/041Details concerning assembly of relays H01H50/042Different parts are assembled by insertion without extra mounting facilities like screws, in an isolated mounting part, e.g. stack mounting on a coil-support H01H50/043Details particular to miniaturised relays H01H50/042 takes precedence H01H2050/044Special measures to minimise the height of the relay H01H50/045Details particular to contactors H01H50/042 takes precedence H01H2050/046Assembling parts of a relay by using snap mounting techniques H01H50/047Details concerning mounting a relays H01H50/048Plug-in mounting or sockets H01H2050/049Assembling or mounting multiple relays in one common housing H01H50/06having windowsTransparent cases or covers H01H50/08IndicatorsDistinguishing marks H01H50/10Electromagnetic or electrostatic shielding casings H01H50/02 H01H50/12VentilatingCoolingHeating for operating electrothermal relays H01H61/013 H01H50/14Terminal arrangements for coils H01H50/443 H01H50/16Magnetic circuit arrangements H01H50/163Details concerning air-gaps, e.g. anti-remanence, damping, anti-corrosion H01H2050/166wherein the magnetic circuit parts are molded in a magnetic plastic material H01H50/18Movable parts of magnetic circuits, e.g. armature H01H50/20movable inside coil and substantially lengthwise with respect to axis thereofmovable coaxially with respect to coil H01H50/22wherein the magnetic circuit is substantially closed H01H2050/225with yoke and armature formed by identical stacked laminates, e.g. punched in one and the same tool H01H50/24Parts rotatable or rockable outside coil H01H50/26Parts movable about a knife edge H01H50/28Parts movable due to bending of a blade spring or reed H01H50/30Mechanical arrangements for preventing or damping vibration or shock, e.g. by balancing of armature H01H50/305damping vibration due to functional movement of armature in air-gap H01H50/163 H01H50/32Latching movable parts mechanically H01H50/321the mechanical latch being controlled directly by the magnetic flux or part of it H01H50/323for interlocking two or more relays H01H2050/325Combined electrical and mechanical interlocking, e.g. usually for auxiliary contacts H01H50/326with manual intervention, e.g. for testing, resetting or mode selection H01H2050/328with manual locking means having three positions, e.g. on-off-automatic H01H50/34Means for adjusting limits of movementMechanical means for adjusting returning force H01H50/36Stationary parts of magnetic circuit, e.g. yoke H01H2050/362Part of the magnetic circuit conducts current to be switched or coil current, e.g. connector and magnetic circuit formed of one single part H01H2050/365formed from a single sheet of magnetic material by punching, bending, plying H01H2050/367Methods for joining separate core and L-shaped yoke H01H50/38Part of main magnetic circuit shaped to suppress arcing between the contacts of the relay H01H50/40Branched or multiple-limb main magnetic circuits H01H50/42Auxiliary magnetic circuits, e.g. for maintaining armature in, or returning armature to, position of rest, for damping or accelerating movement H01H50/44Magnetic coils or windings H01H50/443Connections to coils H01H2050/446Details of the insulating support of the coil, e.g. spool, bobbin, former H01H50/46Short-circuited conducting sleeves, bands, or discs for electromagnets H01F7/1205 H01H50/54Contact arrangements H01H50/541Auxiliary contact devices H01H50/543Auxiliary switch inserting resistor during closure of contactor H01H50/545Self-contained, easily replaceable microswitches H01H50/546for contactors having bridging contacts H01H50/548for miniaturised relays H01H50/56Contact spring sets H01H50/58Driving arrangements structurally associated therewithMounting of driving arrangements on armature H01H50/60moving contact being rigidly combined with movable part of magnetic circuit for polarised relays H01H51/2254, H01H51/2281 H01H50/62Co-operating movable contacts operated by separate electrical actuating means H01H50/64Driving arrangements between movable part of magnetic circuit and contact structurally associated with contact spring sets H01H50/58 H01H50/641intermediate part performing a rectilinear movement H01H50/645, H01H50/66 - H01H50/74 take precedence H01H50/642intermediate part being generally a slide plate, e.g. a card H01H50/643intermediate part performing a rotating or pivoting movement H01H50/645, H01H50/66 - H01H50/74 take precedence H01H50/644having more than one rotating or pivoting part H01H50/645intermediate part making a resilient or flexible connection H01H50/66 - H01H50/74 take precedence H01H50/646intermediate part being a blade spring H01H50/647intermediate part comprising interlocking means for different contact pairs H01H50/66 - H01H50/74 take precedence; for two separate relays H01H50/323; for ratchets H01H51/08 H01H50/648intermediate part being rigidly combined with armature H01H50/66 - H01H50/74 take precedence H01H50/66with lost motion H01H50/68with snap action H01H50/70operating contact momentarily during stroke of armature H01H50/72for mercury contact H01H50/74Mechanical means for producing a desired natural frequency of operation of the contacts, e.g. for self-interrupter H01H50/76using reed or blade spring H01H50/78using diaphragmusing stretched wire or ribbon vibrating sideways H01H50/80using torsionally-vibrating member, e.g. wire, strip H01H50/82using spring-loaded pivoted inertia member H01H50/84with means for adjustment of frequency or of make-to-break ratio H01H50/86Means for introducing a predetermined time delay between the initiation of the switching operation and the opening or closing of the contacts circuit arrangements for introducing delay H01H47/18; short-circuited conducting sleeves, bands, or discs H01H50/46 H01H50/88Mechanical means, e.g. dash-pot H01H50/90the delay effective in both directions of operation H01H50/92Thermal means inherent in electrothermal relays H01H61/00 H01H51/00Electromagnetic relays relays using the dynamo-electric effect H01H53/00 H01H51/005Inversing contactors H01H50/323 takes precedence H01H51/01Relays in which the armature is maintained in one position by a permanent magnet and freed by energisation of a coil producing an opposing magnetic field H01H51/02 - H01H51/26 take precedence H01H51/02Non-polarised relays H01H51/04with single armaturewith single set of ganged armatures H01H51/06Armature is movable between two limit positions of rest and is moved in one direction due to energisation of an electromagnet and after the electromagnet is de-energised is returned by energy stored during the movement in the first direction, e.g. by using a spring, by using a permanent magnet, by gravity H01H51/065Relays having a pair of normally open contacts rigidly fixed to a magnetic core movable along the axis of a solenoid, e.g. relays for starting automobiles details H01H50/20 H01H51/08Contacts alternately opened and closed by successive cycles of energisation and de-energisation of the electromagnet, e.g. by use of a ratchet H01H51/082using rotating ratchet mechanism H01H51/084with axial ratchet elements H01H51/086with radial ratchet elements H01H51/088moved alternately in opposite directions H01H51/10Contacts retained open or closed by a latch which is controlled by an electromagnet H01H51/12Armature is movable between two limit positions of rest and is moved in both directions due to the energisation of one or the other of two electromagnets without the storage of energy to effect the return movement H01H51/14without intermediate neutral position of rest H01H51/16with intermediate neutral position of rest H01H51/18Armature is rotatable through an unlimited number of revolutions H01H51/20with two or more independent armatures H01H51/22Polarised relays H01H51/284 takes precedence H01H51/2209with rectilinearly movable armature H01H2051/2218having at least one movable permanent magnet H01H51/2227in which the movable part comprises at least one permanent magnet, sandwiched between pole-plates, each forming an active air-gap with parts of the stationary magnetic circuit H01H51/2209 takes precedence H01H51/2236comprising pivotable armature, pivoting at extremity or bending point of armature H01H51/2227 takes precedence H01H51/2245Armature inside coil H01H51/2254Contact forms part of armature H01H51/2263comprising rotatable armature, rotating around central axis perpendicular to the main plane of the armature H01H51/2227 takes precedence H01H51/2272comprising rockable armature, rocking movement around central axis parallel to the main plane of the armature H01H51/2227 takes precedence H01H51/2281Contacts rigidly combined with armature H01H51/229Blade-spring contacts alongside armature H01H51/24without intermediate neutral position of rest H01H51/26with intermediate neutral position of rest H01H51/27Relays with armature having two stable magnetic states and operated by change from one state to the other H01H51/28Relays having both armature and contacts within a sealed casing outside which the operating coil is located, e.g. contact carried by a magnetic leaf spring or reed H01H51/27 takes precedence H01H51/281Mounting of the relay; Encapsulating; Details of connections H01H51/282Constructional details not covered by H01H51/281 H01H51/284Polarised relays H01H51/285for latching of contacts H01H51/287Details of the shape of the contact springs H01H51/288Freely suspended contacts H01H51/29Relays having armature, contacts, and operating coil within a sealed casing H01H51/27 takes precedence H01H51/30specially adapted for actuation by ac H01H51/32Frequency relaysMechanically-tuned relays H01H51/34Self-interrupters, i.e. with periodic or other repetitive opening and closing of contacts H01H51/36wherein the make-to-break ratio is varied by hand setting or current strength H01H53/00Relays using the dynamo-electric effect, i.e. relays in which contacts are opened or closed due to relative movement of current-carrying conductor and magnetic field caused by force of interaction between them H01H53/01Details H01H53/015Moving coilsContact-driving arrangements associated therewith H01H53/02Electrodynamic relays, i.e. relays in which the interaction is between two current-carrying conductors H01H53/04Ferrodynamic relays, i.e. relays in which the magnetic field is concentrated in ferromagnetic parts H01H53/06Magnetodynamic relays, i.e. relays in which the magnetic field is produced by a permanent magnet H01H53/08wherein a mercury contact constitutes the current-carrying conductor H01H53/10Induction relays, i.e. relays in which the interaction is between a magnetic field and current induced thereby in a conductor H01H53/12Ferraris relays H01H53/14Contacts actuated by an electric motor through fluid-pressure transmission, e.g. using a motor-driven pump H01H55/00Magnetostrictive relays H01H57/00Electrostrictive relaysPiezo-electric relays H01H2057/003the relay being latched in actuated position by magnet H01H2057/006Micromechanical piezoelectric relay H01H59/00Electrostatic relaysElectro-adhesion relays H01H59/0009making use of micromechanics H01H2059/0018Special provisions for avoiding charge trapping, e.g. insulation layer between actuating electrodes being permanently polarised by charge trapping so that actuating or release voltage is altered H01H2059/0027Movable electrode connected to ground in the open position, for improving isolation H01H2059/0036Movable armature with higher resonant frequency for faster switching H01H2059/0045with s-shaped movable electrode, positioned and connected between two driving fixed electrodes, e.g. movable electrodes moving laterally when driving voltage being applied H01H2059/0054Rocking contacts or actuating members H01H2059/0063with stepped actuation, e.g. actuation voltages applied to different sets of electrodes at different times or different spring constants during actuation H01H2059/0072with stoppers or protrusions for maintaining a gap, reducing the contact area or for preventing stiction between the movable and the fixed electrode in the attracted position H01H2059/0081with a tapered air-gap between fixed and movable electrodes H01H2059/009using permanently polarised dielectric layers H01H61/00Electrothermal relays thermal switches not operated by electrical input, thermal switches with anticipating electrical input H01H37/00; thermally-sensitive members H01H37/32 H01H61/002Structural combination of a time delay electrothermal relay with an electrothermal protective relay, e.g. a start relay H01H2061/004PTC resistor in series with start winding, e.g. adapted for being switched off after starting for limiting power dissipation H01H2061/006Micromechanical thermal relay H01H2061/008Micromechanical actuator with a cold and a hot arm, coupled together at one end H01H61/01Details H01H61/0107making use of shape memory materials H01H2061/0115Shape memory alloy [SMA] actuator formed by coil spring H01H2061/0122Two SMA actuators, e.g. one for closing or resetting contacts and one for opening them H01H61/013Heating arrangements for operating relays H01H61/017Heating by glow discharge or arc in confined space H01H61/02wherein the thermally-sensitive member is heated indirectly, e.g. resistively, inductively H01H61/04wherein the thermally-sensitive member is only heated directly H01H61/06Self-interrupters, i.e. with periodic or other repetitive opening and closing of contacts H01H61/063making use of a bimetallic element H01H61/066making use of an extensible wire, rod or strips H01H61/08wherein the make-to-break ratio is varied by hand setting or current strength H01H63/00Selectors H01H63/00Details of electrically-operated selector switches H01H63/02ContactsWipersConnections thereto H01H63/04Contact-making or contact-breaking wipersPosition indicators therefor H01H63/06Contact banks H01H63/08cylindrical H01H63/10plane H01H63/12Multiplying connections to contact banks, e.g. using ribbon cables H01H63/14without soldering H01H63/16Driving arrangements for multi-position wipers H01H63/18with step-by-step motion of wiper to a selector position H01H63/20using stepping magnet and ratchet H01H63/22using step-by-step electromagnetic drive without ratchet, e.g. self-interrupting driving magnet H01H63/24with continuous motion of wiper until a selected position is reached H01H63/26with an individual clutch-drive from a shaft common to more than one selector switch H01H63/28with an individual motor for each selector switch H01H63/30Pneumatic motor for moving wiper to selected position H01H63/32Spring motor for moving wiper to selected position H01H63/33Constructional details of co-ordinate-type selector switches not having relays at cross-points H01H63/34BasesCasesCoversMountings racks for mounting selectors with or without other exchange equipment H04Q1/04Mounting of fuses on selector switch H01H63/36Circuit arrangements for ensuring correct or desired operation and not adapted to a particular application of the selector switch H01H63/38for multi-position wiper switches H01H63/40for multi-position switches without wipers H01H63/42for co-ordinate-type selector switches not having relays at cross-points H01H65/00Apparatus or processes specially adapted to the manufacture of selector switches or parts thereof H01H67/00Electrically-operated selector switches H01H67/02Multi-position wiper switches H01H67/04having wipers movable only in one direction for purpose of selection H01H67/06Rotary switches, i.e. having angularly movable wipers H01H67/08with wiper selection H01H67/10with coarse and fine positioning of wipers H01H67/12Linear-motion switches H01H67/14having wipers movable in two mutually perpendicular directions for purpose of selection H01H67/16one motion being rotary and the other being parallel to the axis of rotation, e.g. Strowger or "up and around" switches H01H67/18one motion being rotary and the other being perpendicular to the axis of rotation, e.g. "round and in" switches H01H67/20both motions being linear H01H67/22Switches without multi-position wipers H01H67/24Co-ordinate-type relay switches having an individual electromagnet at each cross-point H01H67/26Co-ordinate-type selector switches not having relays at cross-points but involving mechanical movement, e.g. cross-bar switch, code-bar switch H01H67/30Co-ordinate-type selector switches with field of co-ordinate coil acting directly upon magnetic leaf spring or reed-type contact member H01H67/32having a multiplicity of interdependent armatures operated in succession by a single coil and each controlling one contact or set of contacts, e.g. counting relay H01H69/00Emergency protective devices H01H69/00Apparatus or processes for the manufacture of emergency protective devices H01H69/01for calibrating or setting of devices to function under predetermined conditions H01H2069/013with calibrating screws in trip bar H01H2069/016with single separate parts mountable or insertable in different orientations or positions, e.g. to obtain desired trip conditions H01H69/02Manufacture of fuses H01H69/022of printed circuit fuses H01H2069/025using lasers H01H2069/027using ultrasonic techniques H01H71/00Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00 H01H71/002with provision for switching the neutral conductor H01H2071/004with a tripping or current sensing device in the neutral wire, e.g. for third harmonics in a three fase system H01H2071/006Provisions for user interfaces for electrical protection devices H01H2071/008Protective switches or relays using micromechanics H01H71/02HousingsCasingsBasesMountings H01H71/0207Mounting or assembling the different parts of the circuit breaker H01H71/0214Housing or casing lateral walls containing guiding grooves or special mounting facilities H01H71/0221 takes precedence H01H71/0221Majority of parts mounted on central frame or wall H01H71/0228having provisions for interchangeable or replaceable parts H01H71/0235Contacts and the arc extinguishing space inside individual separate cases, which are positioned inside the housing of the circuit breaker casettes for rotating bridges see H01H1/2058 H01H2071/0242Assembling parts of a circuit breaker by using snap mounting techniques H01H71/025Constructional details of housings or casings not concerning the mounting or assembly of the different internal parts H01H71/0257Strength considerations H01H71/0264Mountings or coverplates for complete assembled circuit breakers, e.g. snap mounting in panel H01H71/0271Mounting several complete assembled circuit breakers together interconnected mechanisms H01H71/1009 H01H2071/0278with at least one of juxtaposed casings dedicated to an auxiliary device, e.g. for undervoltage or shunt trip H01H2071/0285Provisions for an intermediate device between two adjacent circuit breakers having the same general contour but an auxiliary function, e.g. cooling, isolation, wire guiding, magnetic isolation or screening H01H2071/0292Housing or frames containing grooves or slots for guiding movable parts H01H71/04Means for indicating condition of the switching device by means of an auxiliary contact H01H71/46 H01H2071/042with different indications for different conditions, e.g. contact position, overload, short circuit or earth leakage H01H2071/044Monitoring, detection or measuring systems to establish the end of life of the switching device, can also contain other on-line monitoring systems, e.g. for detecting mechanical failures H01H2071/046exclusively by position of operating part, e.g. with additional labels or marks but no other movable indicators H01H2071/048containing non-mechanical switch position sensor, e.g. HALL sensor H01H71/06Distinguishing marks, e.g. colour coding H01H71/08TerminalsConnections H01H71/082Connections between juxtaposed circuit breakers H01H2071/084specially adapted for avoiding decalibration of trip unit, e.g. bimetal, when fixing conductor wire to connector H01H2071/086Low power connections for auxiliary switches, e.g. shunt trip H01H2071/088Terminals for switching devices which make the devices interchangeable, e.g. with fuses H01H71/10Operating or release mechanisms H01H71/1009Interconnected mechanisms H01H71/1045 takes precedence; operated by excess current and other electrical conditions H01H83/20 H01H71/1018with only external interconnections H01H71/1027comprising a bidirectional connecting member actuated by the opening movement of one pole to trip a neighbour pole H01H2071/1036having provisions for four or more poles H01H71/1045Multiple circuits-breaker, e.g. for the purpose of dividing current or potential drop H01H71/1054Means for avoiding unauthorised release H01H2071/1063making use of an equilibrating mass H01H71/1072Release mechanisms which are reset by opening movement of contacts H01H71/1081Modifications for selective or back-up protection; Correlation between feeder and branch circuit breaker circuits H02H3/06, H02H7/26 H01H2071/109with provisions for selecting between automatic or manual reset H01H71/12Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release H01H71/121Protection of release mechanisms with auxiliary contact H01H71/48 H01H71/122actuated by blowing of a fuse H01H71/123using a solid-state trip unit circuits H02H H01H2071/124with a hybrid structure, the solid state trip device being combined with a thermal or a electromagnetic trip H01H71/125characterised by sensing elements, e.g. current transformers for differential protection H01H83/144 H01H71/126actuated by dismounting of circuit breaker or removal of part of circuit breaker H01H71/127using piezoelectric, electrostrictive or magnetostrictive trip units H01H71/128Manual release or trip mechanisms, e.g. for test purposes two similar push buttons for closing or resetting and opening or tripping H01H71/58; test switches for earth fault circuit breakers H01H83/04 H01H71/14Electrothermal mechanisms combined with a electro-thermal time delay relay H01H61/002 H01H71/142actuated due to change of magnetic permeability H01H71/145using shape memory materials H01H71/16 takes precedence H01H2071/147Thermal release by expansion of a fluid H01H71/16with bimetal element combined with detection of imbalance of two or more currents H01H83/223 H01H71/161with helically or spirally wound bimetal H01H71/162with compensation for ambient temperature H01H71/164Heating elements H01H2071/165the bimetal being inductively heated, e.g. load current does not pass through bimetal H01H2071/167Multiple bimetals working in parallel together, e.g. laminated together H01H2071/168Provisions for avoiding permanent deformation and thus decalibration of bimetal, e.g. due to overheating or action of a magnet H01H71/18with expanding rod, strip, or wire H01H71/20with fusible mass H01H71/205using a ratchet wheel kept against rotation by solder H01H71/22with compensation for variation of ambient temperature H01H71/162 takes precedence H01H71/24Electromagnetic mechanisms H01H71/2409combined with an electromagnetic current limiting mechanism H01H71/2418combined with an electrodynamic current limiting mechanism H01H2071/2427with blow-off movement tripping mechanism, e.g. electrodynamic effect on contacts trips the traditional trip device before it can unlatch the spring mechanism by itself H01H71/2436with a holding and a releasing magnet, the holding force being limited due to saturation of the holding magnet H01H71/2445using a reed switch for current measuring G01R19/16509 H01H71/2454characterised by the magnetic circuit or active magnetic elements H01H71/2463with plunger type armatures H01H71/2472with rotatable armatures H01H71/2481characterised by the coil design H01H2071/249with part of the magnetic circuit being in the normal current path in the circuit breaker, e.g. yoke, fixed contact and arc-runner are made out of one single conductive element H01H71/26with windings acting in opposition H01H71/2436 takes precedence H01H71/28with windings acting in conjunction H01H71/30having additional short-circuited winding H01H71/32having permanently magnetised part H01H71/321characterised by the magnetic circuit or active magnetic elements H01H71/322with plunger type armature H01H71/323with rotatable armature H01H71/325Housings, assembly or disposition of different elements in the housing H01H71/326Sealed housings H01H71/327Manufacturing or calibrating methods, e.g. air gap treatments H01H2071/328using a spring for having minimal force on armature while maximal force on trip pin H01H71/34having two or more armatures controlled by a common winding H01H71/345having a delayed movable core and a movable armature H01H71/36frequency selective H01H71/38wherein the magnet coil also acts as arc blow-out device H01H71/40Combined electrothermal and electromagnetic mechanisms H01H71/402in which the thermal mechanism influences the magnetic circuit of the electromagnetic mechanism H01H71/405in which a bimetal forms the inductor for the electromagnetic mechanism H01H2071/407the thermal element being heated by the coil of the electromagnetic mechanism H01H71/42Induction-motor, induced-current, or electrodynamic release mechanisms H01H71/43Electrodynamic release mechanisms H01H71/44having means for introducing a predetermined time delay by short-circuited winding H01H71/30; by additional armature H01H71/34 H01H71/443with dash-pot H01H71/446making use of an inertia mass H01H71/46having means for operating auxiliary contacts additional to the main contacts H01H71/462housed in a separate casing, juxtaposed to and having the same general contour as the main casing for neutral conductor H01H71/002 H01H71/465Self-contained, easily replaceable microswitches H01H2071/467with history indication, e.g. of trip and/or kind of trip, number of short circuits etc. H01H71/48with provision for short-circuiting the electrical input to the release mechanism after release of the switch, e.g. for protection of heating wire H01H71/50Manual reset mechanisms which may be also used for manual release H01H71/501Means for breaking welded contacts; Indicating contact welding or other malfunction of the circuit breaker H01H2071/502with direct contact between manual operator and welded contact structure H01H71/503Means for increasing the opening stroke of the contacts H01H71/504provided with anti-rebound means H01H71/505Latching devices between operating and release mechanism H01H2071/506using balls or rollers in the latching device H01H2071/507being collapsible, e.g. yielding elastically, when the opening force is higher than a predetermined value H01H2071/508with serial latches, e.g. primary latch latched by secondary latch for requiring a smaller trip force H01H71/52actuated by lever H01H71/521Details concerning the lever handle H01H71/522comprising a cradle-mechanism H01H71/523the contact arm being pivoted on cradle and mechanism spring acting between handle and contact arm H01H71/524the contact arm being pivoted on handle and mechanism spring acting between cradle and contact arm H01H71/525comprising a toggle between cradle and contact arm and mechanism spring acting between handle and toggle knee H01H71/526the lever forming a toggle linkage with a second lever, the free end of which is directly and releasably engageable with a contact structure H01H71/527making use of a walking beam with one extremity latchable, the other extremity actuating or supporting the movable contact and an intermediate part co-operating with the actuator H01H71/528comprising a toggle or collapsible link between handle and contact arm, e.g. sear pin mechanism H01H71/529comprising an electroresponsive element forming part of the transmission chain between handle and contact arm H01H71/54actuated by tumbler H01H71/56actuated by rotatable knob or wheel H01H2071/565using a add on unit, e.g. a separate rotary actuator unit, mounted on lever actuated circuit breakers H01H71/58actuated by push-button, pull-knob, or slide H01H71/60actuated by closure of switch casing H01H71/62with means for preventing resetting while abnormal condition persists, e.g. loose handle arrangement H01H71/64incorporating toggle linkage H01H71/66Power reset mechanisms H01H2071/665the reset mechanism operating directly on the normal manual operator, e.g. electromagnet pushes manual release lever back into "ON" position H01H71/68actuated by electromagnet H01H71/685in which the excitation of the electromagnet is interrupted by abnormal conditions H01H71/70actuated by electric motor H01H71/72actuated automatically a limited number of times H01H71/74Means for adjusting the conditions under which the device will function to provide protection H01H71/7409Interchangeable elements H01H71/7418Adjusting both electrothermal and electromagnetic mechanism H01H71/7427Adjusting only the electrothermal mechanism H01H71/7436Adjusting the position (or prestrain) of the bimetal H01H71/7445 takes precedence H01H71/7445Poly-phase adjustment H01H2071/7454with adjustable axis of transmission lever between bimetal element and trip lever H01H71/7463Adjusting only the electromagnetic mechanism H01H2071/7472with antitamper means for avoiding unauthorised setting H01H2071/7481with indexing means for magnetic or thermal tripping adjustment knob H01H2071/749with a shunt element connected in parallel to magnetic or thermal trip elements, e.g. for adjusting trip current H01H73/00Protective overload circuit-breaking switches in which excess current opens the contacts by automatic release of mechanical energy stored by previous operation of a hand reset mechanism H01H73/02Details H01H73/04Contacts H01H73/045Bridging contacts H01H73/06HousingsCasingsBasesMountings H01H73/08Plug-in housings H01H73/10Cartridge housings, e.g. screw-in housing H01H73/12Means for indicating condition of the switch H01H73/14Indicating lamp structurally associated with the switch H01H73/16Distinguishing marks, e.g. colour coding H01H73/18Means for extinguishing or suppressing arc magnet coil acting as blow-out device H01H71/38 H01H73/20TerminalsConnections H01H73/22having electrothermal release and no other automatic release cartridge type H01H73/62 H01H73/24reset by lever H01H73/26reset by tumbler H01H73/28reset by rotatable knob or wheel H01H73/30reset by push-button, pull-knob or slide H01H73/303with an insulating body insertable between the contacts when released by a bimetal element H01H73/306the push-button supporting pivotally a combined contact-latch lever H01H73/32reset by closure of switch casing H01H73/34reset action requiring replacement or reconditioning of a fusible or explosive part H01H73/36having electromagnetic release and no other automatic release cartridge type H01H73/64 H01H73/38reset by lever H01H73/40reset by tumbler H01H73/42reset by rotatable knob or wheel H01H73/44reset by push-button, pull-knob or slide H01H73/46reset by closure of switch casing H01H73/48having both electrothermal and electromagnetic automatic release cartridge type H01H73/66 H01H73/50reset by lever H01H73/52reset by tumbler H01H73/54reset by rotatable knob or wheel H01H73/56reset by push-button, pull-knob or slide H01H73/58reset by closure of switch casing H01H73/60cartridge type, e.g. screw-in cartridge H01H73/62having only electrothermal release H01H73/64having only electromagnetic release H01H73/66having combined electrothermal and electromagnetic release H01H75/00Protective overload circuit-breaking switches in which excess current opens the contacts by automatic release of mechanical energy stored by previous operation of power reset mechanism H01H75/02Details H01H75/04Reset mechanisms for automatically reclosing a limited number of times circuit arrangements H02H3/06 H01H75/06effecting one reclosing action only H01H75/08having only electrothermal release H01H75/10having only electromagnetic release H01H75/12having combined electrothermal and electromagnetic release H01H77/00Protective overload circuit-breaking switches operated by excess current and requiring separate action for resetting H01H73/00, H01H75/00 take precedence H01H77/02in which the excess current itself provides the energy for opening the contacts, and having a separate reset mechanism H01H2077/025with pneumatic means, e.g. by arc pressure H01H77/04with electrothermal opening H01H77/06with electromagnetic opening combined with electromagnetic release mechanism H01H71/2409 H01H77/08retained closed by permanent or remanent magnetism and opened by windings acting in opposition H01H77/10with electrodynamic opening combined with electromagnetic release mechanism H01H71/2418 H01H77/101with increasing of contact pressure by electrodynamic forces before opening H01H77/102characterised by special mounting of contact arm, allowing blow-off movement H01H77/104with a stable blow-off position H01H77/105whereby the blow-off movement unlatches the contact from a contact holder H01H77/107characterised by the blow-off force generating means, e.g. current loops H01H77/108comprising magnetisable elements, e.g. flux concentrator, linear slot motor H01H79/00Protective switches in which excess current causes the closing of contacts, e.g. for short-circuiting the apparatus to be protected H01H39/004 takes precedence H01H81/00Protective switches in which contacts are normally closed but are repeatedly opened and reclosed as long as a condition causing excess current persists, e.g. for current limiting H01H81/02electrothermally operated H01H81/04electromagnetically operated H01H83/00Protective switches, e.g. circuit-breaking switches, or protective relays operated by abnormal electrical conditions otherwise than solely by excess current H01H83/02operated by earth fault currents H01H83/14 takes precedence H01H83/04with testing means for indicating the ability of the switch or relay to function properly H01H2083/045Auxiliary switch opening testing circuit in synchronism with the main circuit H01H83/06operated by current falling below a predetermined value H01H83/08operated by reversal of dc H01H83/10operated by excess voltage, e.g. for lightning protection H01H83/12operated by voltage falling below a predetermined value, e.g. for no-volt protection H01H83/14operated by unbalance of two or more currents or voltages, e.g. for differential protection H01H83/142with bimetal elements H01H83/144with differential transformer H01H2083/146Provisions for avoiding disadvantages of having asymetrical primaries, e.g. induction of a magnetic field even by zero difference current H01H2083/148with primary windings formed of rigid copper conductors H01H83/16operated by abnormal ratio of voltage and current, e.g. distance relay H01H83/18operated by abnormal product of, or abnormal phase angle between, voltage and current, e.g. directional relay H01H83/20operated by excess current as well as by some other abnormal electrical condition H01H2083/201the other abnormal electrical condition being an arc fault H01H2083/203with shunt trip circuits, e.g. NC contact in an undervoltage coil circuit H01H2083/205having shunt or UVR tripping device with integrated mechanical energy accumulator H01H2083/206with thermal shunt trip H01H2083/208Converting under voltage release [UVR] and shunt release H01H83/22the other condition being unbalance of two or more currents or voltages H01H83/223with bimetal elements H01H83/226with differential transformer H01H85/00Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive switches actuated by melting of fusible material H01H37/76; disposition or arrangement of fuses on boards H02B1/18 H01H2085/0004making use of shape-memory material H01H2085/0008making use of heat shrinkable material H01H85/0013Means for preventing damage, e.g. by ambient influences to the fuse H01H85/0017due to vibration or other mechanical forces, e.g. centrifugal forces H01H85/0021water or dustproof devices H01H85/0026casings for the fuse and its base contacts H01H85/003casings for the fusible element H01H2085/0034with molded casings H01H85/0039Means for influencing the rupture process of the fusible element H01H85/0043Boiling of a material associated with the fusible element, e.g. surrounding fluid H01H85/0047Heating means H01H85/0052Fusible element and series heating means or series heat dams H01H85/0056Heat conducting or heat absorbing means associated with the fusible member, e.g. for providing time delay H01H85/006Heat reflective or insulating layer on the casing or on the fuse support H01H85/0065Heat reflective or insulating layer on the fusible element H01H85/0069Heat reflective or insulating filler, support, or block forming the casing H01H85/0073Expansion or rupture of the insulating support for the fusible element H01H85/0078Security-related arrangements H01H85/0082preventing explosion of the cartridge H01H85/0086use of a flexible body, e.g. inside the casing H01H85/0091providing disconnection of the neutral line H01H85/0095Earthing means H01H85/02Details H01H85/0208Tools for inserting and removing fuses H01H2085/0216Tools for controlling fuses or the line associated with the fuses H01H2085/0225Means for preventing discharge, e.g. corona ring H01H2085/0233with common casing for fusible elements inserted in more than one phase or more than one circuit H01H85/0241Structural association of a fuse and another component or apparatus switches with built-in fuses H01H9/10, spark-gap arresters H01H85/44, transformers and inductances H01F27/402, capacitors H01G2/14, lamps H01K1/66, semiconductors H01L23/5256 or H01L23/62 H01H2085/025Structural association with a binding post of a storage battery H01H2085/0258Structural association of a fuse or a fuse holder with a bimetallic element H01H2085/0266Structural association with a measurement device, e.g. a shunt H01H2085/0275Structural association with a printed circuit board H01H2085/0283Structural association with a semiconductor device H01H2085/0291Structural association with a current transformer H01H85/04Fuses, i.e. expendable parts of the protective device, e.g. cartridges H01H85/041characterised by the type H01H85/0411Miniature fuses H01H2085/0412specially adapted for being mounted on a printed circuit board H01H2085/0414Surface mounted fuses H01H85/0415cartridge type H01H85/0417with parallel side contacts H01H85/0418with ferrule type end contacts H01H85/042General constructions or structure of high voltage fuses, i.e. above 1000 V H01H85/044General constructions or structure of low voltage fuses, i.e. below 1000 V, or of fuses where the applicable voltage is not specified H01H85/046 - H01H85/048 take precedence H01H85/0445fast or slow type H01H85/045 - H01H85/048 take precedence H01H85/045cartridge type H01H85/0452with parallel side contacts H01H85/0454with screw-in type contacts H01H85/0456with knife-blade end contacts H01H85/0458with ferrule type end contacts H01H85/046Fuses formed as printed circuits H01H85/047Vacuum fuses H01H85/048Fuse resistors H01H2085/0483with temperature dependent resistor, e.g. thermistor H01H2085/0486with voltage dependent resistor, e.g. varistor H01H85/05Component parts thereof H01H85/055Fusible members H01H2085/0555Input terminal connected to a plurality of output terminals, e.g. multielectrode H01H85/06characterised by the fusible material H01H85/11 takes precedence H01H85/08characterised by the shape or form of the fusible member H01H85/10with constriction for localised fusing H01H85/11 takes precedence H01H85/11with applied local area of a metal which, on melting, forms a eutectic with the main material of the fusible member, i.e. M-effect devices H01H85/12Two or more separate fusible members in parallel H01H85/143Electrical contactsFastening fusible members to such contacts H01H85/147Parallel-side contacts H01H85/15Screw-in contacts H01H85/153Knife-blade-end contacts H01H85/157Ferrule-end contacts H01H85/165Casings H01H85/17characterised by the casing material H01H85/175characterised by the casing shape or form H01H85/1755composite casing H01H85/18Casing fillings, e.g. powder H01H85/185Insulating members for supporting fusible elements inside a casing, e.g. for helically wound fusible elements H01H85/20Bases for supporting the fuseSeparate parts thereof H01H85/2005for use with screw-in type fuse H01H85/201for connecting a fuse in a lead and adapted to be supported by the lead alone H01H85/2015for plug-in type fuses H01H85/202for fuses with ferrule type end contacts H01H85/2025for fuses with conical end contacts, e.g. fuses used on motor vehicles H01H85/203for fuses with blade type terminals H01H85/2035for miniature fuses with parallel side contacts H01H85/204for low voltage fuses with knife-blade end contacts H01H85/2045Mounting means or insulating parts of the base, e.g. covers, casings H01H85/205Electric connections to contacts on the base H01H2085/2055Connections to bus bars in an installation with screw in type fuses or knife blade fuses H01H2085/206being tappable, e.g. terminals on the fuse or base being arranged so as to permit an additional connector to be engaged therewith H01H2085/2065with base contacts adapted or adaptable to fuses of different lenghts; bases with self-aligning contacts; intermediate adaptation pieces H01H2085/207Bases adapted to fuses with different end contacts or to other components, e.g. circuit breakers; intermediate adaptation pieces H01H2085/2075Junction box, having holders integrated with several other holders in a particular wiring layout H01H2085/208specially adapted for vehicles H01H2085/2085Holders for mounting a fuse on a printed circuit H01H2085/209Modular assembly of fuses or holders, e.g. side by side; combination of a plurality of identical fuse units H01H2085/2095Triangular setup of fuses, e.g. for space saving H01H85/22Intermediate or auxiliary parts for carrying, holding, or retaining fuse, co-operating with base or fixed holder, and removable therefrom for renewing the fuse H01H85/24Means for preventing insertion of incorrect fuse H01H85/25Safety arrangements preventing or inhibiting contact with live parts, including operation of isolation on removal of cover H01H85/26Magazine arrangements H01H85/263with spare printed circuit fuse H01H2085/266with replacement of a fuse which is part of a printed circuit H01H85/28effecting automatic replacement H01H85/30Means for indicating condition of fuse structurally associated with the fuse H01H85/303Movable indicating elements H01H85/306acting on an auxiliary switch or contact H01H85/32Indicating lamp structurally associated with the protective device H01H85/34Distinguishing marks, e.g. colour coding H01H85/36Means for applying mechanical tension to fusible member H01H85/38Means for extinguishing or suppressing arc by powder filling H01H85/18; by mechanical tension applied to fusible member H01H85/36 H01H2085/381with insulating body insertable between the end contacts of the fusible element H01H2085/383with insulating stationary parts H01H2085/385Impedances connected with the end contacts of the fusible element H01H2085/386with magnetic or electrodynamic arc-blowing H01H2085/388using special materials H01H85/40using an arc-extinguishing liquid characterised by the composition of the liquid H01H33/22 H01H85/42using an arc-extinguishing gas characterised by the composition of the gas H01H33/22 H01H85/43Means for exhausting or absorbing gases liberated by fusing arc, or for ventilating excess pressure generated by heating H01H85/44Structural association with a spark-gap arrester H01H85/46Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the protective device H01H85/463with printed circuit fuse H01H2085/466with remote controlled forced fusing H01H85/47Means for cooling H01H85/48Protective devices wherein the fuse is carried or held directly by the base H01H85/485the fuse being provided with bayonet-type locking means H01H85/50the fuse having contacts at opposite ends for co-operation with the base H01H85/52the fuse being adapted for screwing into the base H01H85/54Protective devices wherein the fuse is carried, held, or retained by an intermediate or auxiliary part removable from the base, or used as sectionalisers H01H85/542the intermediate or auxiliary part being provided with bayonet-type locking means H01H85/545with pivoting fuse carrier tumbler switch with built-in fuse H01H23/10 H01H85/547with sliding fuse carrier H01H85/56the intermediate or auxiliary part having side contacts for plugging into the base, e.g. bridge-carrier type H01H85/58with intermediate auxiliary part and base shaped to interfit and thereby enclose the fuse H01H85/60the intermediate or auxiliary part having contacts at opposite ends for co-operation with the base H01H85/62the intermediate or auxiliary part being adapted for screwing into the base H01H87/00Protective devices in which a current flowing through a liquid or solid is interrupted by the evaporation of the liquid or by the melting and evaporation of the solid when the current becomes excessive, the circuit continuity being reestablished on cooling H01H89/00Combinations of two or more different basic types of electric switches, relays, selectors and emergency protective devices, not covered by any single one of the other main groups of this subclass H01H2089/005Multi-purpose combinations, e.g. LS/DI, LS/FI, of normal protective circuit breakers with known other forms of protection, e.g. earthfaults, differential, unbalance H01H89/02Combination of a key operated switch with a manually operated switch, e.g. ignition and lighting switches H01H89/04Combination of a thermally actuated switch with a manually operated switch H01H89/06Combination of a manual reset circuit with a contactor, i.e. the same circuit controlled by both a protective and a remote control device H01H2089/065Coordination between protection and remote control, e.g. protection job repartition, mutual assistance or monitoring H01H89/08with both devices using the same contact pair H01H89/10with each device controlling one of the two co-operating contacts H01H2201/00 H01H2201/00Contacts H01H2201/002bounceless H01H2201/004Wiping action H01H2201/006self-aligning H01H2201/008Both contacts movable H01H2201/01Protective enclosure H01H2201/012Inert gas in contact space H01H2201/014Conductive gas H01H2201/016Roughened contact surface, e.g. anti-adhering H01H2201/018transparent H01H2201/02Piezo element H01H2201/022Material H01H2201/024precious H01H2201/026non precious H01H2201/028Indium tin oxide [ITO] H01H2201/03Composite H01H2201/032Conductive polymerRubber H01H2201/034anisotropicZebra H01H2201/036Variable resistance H01H2201/038Contact lubricant H01H2203/00Emergency protective devices H01H2203/00Form of contacts H01H2203/002Raised edge H01H2203/004Rivet H01H2203/006Staples H01H2203/008Wires H01H2203/0085Layered switches integrated into garment, clothes or textile H01H2203/01Woven wire screen H01H2203/012Microprotrusions H01H2203/014GrainsMicrospheres H01H2203/016universalmodular H01H2203/018binary coded H01H2203/02Interspersed fingers H01H2203/022Helical networks H01H2203/024Convex contact surface H01H2203/026on different planes H01H2203/028embedded in layer material H01H2203/03printed on casing H01H2203/032Metal foil H01H2203/034Common bus H01H2203/036to solve particular problems H01H2203/038to be bridged by a dome shaped contact H01H2203/04to facilitate connections H01H2203/042to avoid cross-overs H01H2203/044to achieve a predetermined sequence of switching H01H2203/046to save ink H01H2203/048to facilitate application H01H2203/05to avoid damage by deformation of layers H01H2203/052for backlighted keyboards H01H2203/054for redundancy, e.g. several contact pairs in parallel H01H2203/056Cuts or depressions in support, e.g. to isolate contacts H01H2203/058Contact area function of position on layered keyboard H01H2205/00Movable contacts H01H2205/002fixed to operating part H01H2205/004fixed to substrate H01H2205/006mounted on spacer H01H2205/008Hollow rivet H01H2205/01mounted on flap cut out and bend out of layer H01H2205/012mounted on both sides of layer H01H2205/014fixed by mechanical deformation H01H2205/016Separate bridge contact H01H2205/018Support points upwardly concave H01H2205/02avoiding rotation H01H2205/022Conductive rubber H01H2205/024Means to facilitate positioning H01H2205/026Adhesive sheet H01H2205/028Protuberances on substrate H01H2205/03Apertured plate H01H2205/032Several contacts formed in one plate or layer H01H2205/034with snap action H01H2205/036Helicoidal cuts H01H2205/038Cutting of connecting areas H01H2207/00Connections H01H2207/002Conductive rubberZebra H01H2207/004Printed circuit tail H01H2207/006Upraised portions H01H2207/008Adhesive meansConductive adhesive H01H2207/01from bottom to top layer H01H2207/012via underside of substrate H01H2207/014Plated through holes H01H2207/016JumpersCross-overs H01H2207/018Spacer elements H01H2207/02Solder H01H2207/022Plug H01H2207/024in top layer H01H2207/026Pressure contact H01H2207/028on spacer H01H2207/03via return spring H01H2207/032Surface mounted component H01H2207/034sealed H01H2207/036Crimping connector H01H2207/038Conductive paste H01H2207/04Details of printed conductors H01H2207/042Covering maximal area of layer H01H2207/044Resist layer H01H2207/046Non overlapping lower and upper conductors H01H2207/048Inductive or infrared coupling H01H2209/00Layers H01H2209/002Materials H01H2209/0021with metallic appearance, e.g. polymers with dispersed particles to produce a metallic appearance H01H2209/004Depressions or protrusions on switch sites H01H2209/006Force isolators H01H2209/01Increasing rigidityAnti-creep H01H2209/012avoiding too large deformation or stress H01H2209/014composed of different layersLubricant in between H01H2209/016Protection layer, e.g. for legend, anti-scratch H01H2209/018flat, smooth or ripple-free H01H2209/02UV or light sensitive H01H2209/022VelvetMat finish H01H2209/024Properties of the substrate H01H2209/026metallic H01H2209/028Paper H01H2209/03elastomeric H01H2209/032non elastomeric H01H2209/034Conductive rubber H01H2209/036with memory properties H01H2209/038transparent H01H2209/04Glass H01H2209/042TrellisLattice H01H2209/044ceramic H01H2209/046Properties of the spacer H01H2209/048metallic H01H2209/05Paper H01H2209/052elastomeric H01H2209/054non elastomeric H01H2209/056Conductive rubber H01H2209/058with memory properties H01H2209/06transparent H01H2209/062Glass H01H2209/064TrellisLattice H01H2209/066ceramic H01H2209/068Properties of the membrane H01H2209/07metallic H01H2209/072Paper H01H2209/074elastomeric H01H2209/076non elastomeric H01H2209/078Conductive rubber H01H2209/08with memory properties H01H2209/082transparent H01H2209/084Glass H01H2209/086TrellisLattice H01H2209/088ceramic H01H2211/00Spacers H01H2211/002Fluid or inflatable keyboards H01H2211/004Adhesive H01H2211/006Individual areas H01H2211/008Spring loaded pins H01H2211/01Ink H01H2211/012Successive layers, one being conductive H01H2211/014universal H01H2211/016Wires H01H2211/018on printed conductors only H01H2211/02Pins forming part of substrate H01H2211/022for larger actuation area H01H2211/024Peripheral edge deformable H01H2211/026without separate element H01H2211/028Contacts in depressions of layers H01H2211/03Ridges on layers H01H2211/032Pressure sensitive layer on contacts H01H2211/034Fixed contacts on different planes H01H2211/036Convexly bowed membrane H01H2213/00Venting H01H2213/002with external pressure H01H2213/004ScavengerFilter H01H2213/006Labyrinth H01H2213/008Flaps cut out forming valves H01H2213/01with internal pressure of other switch sites H01H2213/012Open-cell foam H01H2213/014Accumulator chamber H01H2213/016in adhesive layer H01H2215/00Tactile feedback H01H2215/002Longer travel H01H2215/004Collapsible dome or bubble H01H2215/006Only mechanical function H01H2215/008Part of substrate or membrane H01H2215/01Part of spacer H01H2215/012Positioning of individual dome H01H2215/014Avoiding permanent dome inversion H01H2215/016Collapsing to second stable position H01H2215/018unstressed in open position of switch H01H2215/02Reversed domes H01H2215/022AsymmetricEllipticSquare H01H2215/024Spider H01H2215/026Eccentric actuation H01H2215/028alterable H01H2215/03Sound H01H2215/032Resonance space H01H2215/034Separate snap action H01H2215/036Metallic disc H01H2215/038Resilient conductive tracks H01H2215/04Contact making part moved through contact supporting plane H01H2215/042Permanent magnets H01H2215/044Light H01H2215/046Inflatable bubble or cell H01H2215/048Vent H01H2215/05electromechanical H01H2215/052piezoelectric H01H2215/054common to all switch sites H01H2217/00Facilitation of operationHuman engineering H01H2217/002actuable from both sides H01H2217/004Larger or different actuating area H01H2217/006Different feeling for different switch sites H01H2217/008Pretravel to avoid inadvertent switching H01H2217/01Off centre actuation H01H2217/012Two keys simultaneous considerations H01H2217/014handicapped H01H2217/016Pressure reduction membraneSpreader layer H01H2217/018Indication of switch sites H01H2217/02After travel H01H2217/022Part of keyboard not operable H01H2217/024Profile on actuator H01H2217/026Pencil operated H01H2217/028on planes with different or alterable inclination, e.g. convex plane H01H2217/03Concave plane H01H2217/032Feedback about selected symbol, e.g. display H01H2217/033by speech H01H2217/034Support for hands or arms H01H2217/036Plural multifunctional miniature keys for one symbol H01H2217/038Prompting H01H2217/04Mimics of controlled apparatus or symbol H01H2217/042Higher keytops H01H2217/044Repetitive strain injury [RSI] considerations H01H2217/046Enhanced legend space by smaller actuators H01H2217/048adapted for operation by left- and right-handed H01H2219/00Legends H01H2219/002replaceableadaptable H01H2219/0023Images formed with electrophoretic technology, e.g. by charged pigment particles rearranged by applied electric field, e.g. electronic paper or e-paper, active ink, gyricon H01H2219/0026having outer surface of housing of electronic apparatus programmable as display and/or input device H01H2219/004Magnet H01H2219/006Snap mounting H01H2219/008Adhesive H01H2219/01Liquid crystal H01H2219/011with integrated photo- or thermovoltaic cell as power supply H01H2219/012programmable H01H2219/014LED H01H2219/016programmable H01H2219/018Electroluminescent panel H01H2219/02programmable H01H2219/022Plasma display H01H2219/024programmable H01H2219/026with programming switches H01H2219/028Printed information H01H2219/03in transparent keyboard H01H2219/032photographic H01H2219/034Coloured areas H01H2219/036Light emitting elements H01H2219/037using organic materials, e.g. organic LED H01H2219/038ambient light dependent H01H2219/039Selective or different modes of illumination H01H2219/04AttachmentsConnections H01H2219/042replaceable H01H2219/044Edge lighting of layer H01H2219/046above switch site H01H2219/048Constituting key H01H2219/05Key offset in relation to switch site H01H2219/052Phosphorescence H01H2219/053protected by inert gas H01H2219/054Optical elements H01H2219/056DiffuserUneven surface H01H2219/058Optical grid, collimator or microlouver H01H2219/06Reflector H01H2219/062Light conductor H01H2219/0621Optical fiber light conductor H01H2219/0622only an illuminated ring around keys H01H2219/064Optical isolation of switch sites H01H2219/066Lens H01H2221/00Actuators H01H2221/002integral with membrane H01H2221/004U-shaped openings surrounding keys H01H2221/006Adhesive H01H2221/008other then push button H01H2221/01also rotatable H01H2221/012Joy stick type H01H2221/014Slide selector H01H2221/016LeverRocker H01H2221/018Tumbler H01H2221/02pneumatic H01H2221/022electromagnetic H01H2221/024Transmission element H01H2221/026Guiding or lubricating nylon H01H2221/028Telescopic guiding H01H2221/03Stoppers for on or off position H01H2221/032adjustable H01H2221/034Coded keys H01H2221/036Return force H01H2221/038Fluid H01H2221/04magnetic H01H2221/042Foam H01H2221/044Elastic part on actuator or casing H01H2221/046bistable H01H2221/048magnetic H01H2221/05Force concentratorActuating dimple H01H2221/052interlocked H01H2221/054connected by flexible webs H01H2221/056Modular conception H01H2221/058to avoid tilting or skewing of contact area or actuator H01H2221/06to avoid sticking in on position H01H2221/062Damping vibrations H01H2221/064Limitation of actuating pressure H01H2221/066replaceable H01H2221/068having a not operable condition H01H2221/07transparent H01H2221/0702Transparent key containing three dimensional (3D) element H01H2221/072Stroke amplification H01H2221/074One molded piece H01H2221/076Protruding in cavity covered by membrane H01H2221/078Different operating parts on a bigger one H01H2221/08composed of different parts H01H2221/082Superimposed actuators H01H2221/084made at least partly of elastic foam H01H2221/088actuable from different directions H01H2221/09Flexible integral part of housing H01H2223/00Casings H01H2223/002sealed H01H2223/003Membrane embracing all keys H01H2223/004Evacuation of penetrating liquid H01H2223/006Purge gas H01H2223/008metallic H01H2223/01Mounting on appliance H01H2223/012Snap mounting H01H2223/014located in recess H01H2223/016magnetic H01H2223/018rotatably H01H2223/02mounted on raised part H01H2223/022Adhesive H01H2223/024Screw H01H2223/026Hook and loop H01H2223/028detachable H01H2223/03Separate key housing H01H2223/032with formations for assembling similar housings H01H2223/034Bezel H01H2223/0345with keys positioned directly next to each other without an intermediate bezel or frame H01H2223/036forming chamfered apertures for keys H01H2223/038transparent H01H2223/04portablehand held H01H2223/042mounted in conventional keyboard H01H2223/044Protecting cover H01H2223/046convertible H01H2223/048assembled by removable part H01H2223/05composed of hingedly connected sections H01H2223/052reductible in size, e.g. for transportation H01H2223/054Mounting of key housings on same printed circuit H01H2223/056Mounting of key housings on same frame H01H2223/058flush mounted H01H2223/06freestanding H01H2223/062Inflatable H01H2225/00Switch site location H01H2225/002superimposed H01H2225/004in different planes to increase density H01H2225/006more then one pole H01H2225/008Two different sites for one circuit, e.g. for safety H01H2225/01Different switch sites under one actuator in same plane H01H2225/012normally closed H01H2225/014normally closed combined with normally open H01H2225/016Make break H01H2225/018Consecutive operations H01H2225/02Push-push H01H2225/022other then row-column disposition H01H2225/024Common site to all actuators, e.g. auxiliary H01H2225/026above actuator H01H2225/028perpendicular to base of keyboard H01H2225/03Different type of switches H01H2227/00DimensionsCharacteristics H01H2227/002Layer thickness H01H2227/004Membrane H01H2227/006Spacer H01H2227/008Substrate H01H2227/01Adhesive H01H2227/012Conductive rubber H01H2227/014Conductive particles H01H2227/016Switch site protrusionsForce concentrators H01H2227/018Printed contactsMetal foil H01H2227/02Vent opening H01H2227/022Collapsable dome H01H2227/024Spacer elements H01H2227/026Separate dome contact H01H2227/0261with an aperture in contact making centre of dome H01H2227/028Key stroke H01H2227/03Hardness H01H2227/032Operating force H01H2227/034Regulation of operating force H01H2227/036Minimise height H01H2229/00Manufacturing H01H2229/002Screen printing H01H2229/004Conductive ink H01H2229/006Pad transfer printing H01H2229/008Die stamping H01H2229/01Foil transfer process H01H2229/012Vacuum deposition H01H2229/014Electro deposition H01H2229/016Selective etching H01H2229/018Testing H01H2229/02Laser H01H2229/022Modular assembly H01H2229/024Packing between substrate and membrane H01H2229/026Riveting H01H2229/028Adhesive H01H2229/03Laminating H01H2229/032Screw H01H2229/034Positioning of layers H01H2229/036ultrasonic H01H2229/038Folding of flexible printed circuit H01H2229/04Solder problems H01H2229/042Snap couplingSnap mounting H01H2229/044Injection moulding H01H2229/046Multi-colour or double shot injection moulding H01H2229/047Preformed layer in mould H01H2229/048Insertion moulding H01H2229/05FormingHalf-punching H01H2229/052Thermoplastic bonding foil H01H2229/054CAD H01H2229/056Laminating H01H2229/058Curing or vulcanising of rubbers H01H2229/06Tempering H01H2229/062Maintenance or repair facilities H01H2229/064Eliminating tolerances H01H2229/066Z-axis assembly H01H2229/068Extrusion H01H2231/00Applications H01H2231/002Calculator, computer H01H2231/004CRT H01H2231/006Bank automatCash registerVending machine H01H2231/008Video game H01H2231/01Toy H01H2231/012Household appliance H01H2231/014Sewing machine H01H2231/016Control panelGraphic displayProgramme control H01H2231/018Musical instrument H01H2231/022Telephone handset H01H2231/024Dispensing machine H01H2231/026Car H01H2231/028Watch H01H2231/03Elevator H01H2231/032Remote control H01H2231/034Coordinate determination H01H2231/036RadioTV H01H2231/038Level sensing or limit switch H01H2231/04Robot H01H2231/042BriefcaseNote-book H01H2231/044Under water H01H2231/046Camera H01H2231/048ToolsDrilling machines H01H2231/05Card, e.g. credit card H01H2231/052Selectors, e.g. dimmers H01H2233/00Key modules H01H2233/002joined to form button rows H01H2233/004One molded part H01H2233/006Separating individual keys after mounting H01H2233/008Laykey mounted on assembled key modules H01H2233/01mounted on laykey H01H2233/012Locating pins H01H2233/014Snap coupling H01H2233/016with limited freedom H01H2233/018One degree of freedom H01H2233/02captured between assembled parts of support H01H2233/022with limited freedom H01H2233/024Riveting H01H2233/026Inserting H01H2233/028connected by spring H01H2233/03mounted on support plate or frame H01H2233/032Locating pins H01H2233/034Snap coupling H01H2233/036with limited freedom H01H2233/038One degree of freedom H01H2233/04captured between assembled parts of support H01H2233/042with limited freedom H01H2233/044Riveting H01H2233/046Inserting H01H2233/048connected by spring H01H2233/05Actuator part on body H01H2233/052Locating pins H01H2233/054Snap coupling H01H2233/056with limited freedom H01H2233/058One degree of freedom H01H2233/06captured between assembled parts of support H01H2233/062with limited freedom H01H2233/064Riveting H01H2233/066Inserting H01H2233/068connected by spring H01H2233/07Cap or button on actuator part H01H2233/072Locating pins H01H2233/074Snap coupling H01H2233/076with limited freedom H01H2233/078One degree of freedom H01H2233/08captured between assembled parts of support H01H2233/082with limited freedom H01H2233/084Riveting H01H2233/086Inserting H01H2233/088connected by spring H01H2233/09Actuating striker on actuator part H01H2233/092Locating pins H01H2233/094Snap coupling H01H2233/096with limited freedom H01H2233/098One degree of freedom H01H2233/10captured between assembled parts of support H01H2233/102with limited freedom H01H2233/104Riveting H01H2233/106Inserting H01H2233/108connected by spring H01H2235/00Springs H01H2235/002Linear coil spring combined with dome spring H01H2235/004Two parallel coil springs H01H2235/006Elastic arms producing non linear counter force H01H2235/008Rubber spring H01H2235/01Spiral spring H01H2235/012Euler spring H01H2235/014with positive buckling force or action H01H2235/016Preloading H01H2235/018Spring seat H01H2235/02between contact and substrate H01H2235/022Actuating striker H01H2235/024formed by knee or dimple of leaf spring H01H2235/026forming part of return spring H01H2235/028Blade spring H01H2235/03Two serial springs H01H2237/00Mechanism between key and laykey H01H2237/002Bell crank H01H2237/004Cantilever H01H2237/006Guided plunger or ball H01H2237/008Plunger guided by flexible arms H01H2239/00Miscellaneous H01H2239/002Conductive track to monitor integrity H01H2239/004High frequency adaptation or shielding H01H2239/006Containing a capacitive switch or usable as such H01H2239/008Static electricity considerations H01H2239/01combined with other elements on the same substrate H01H2239/012Decoding impedances H01H2239/014on both sides H01H2239/016combined with start switch, discrete keyboard H01H2239/018Ground conductor H01H2239/02Other elements in moving part H01H2239/022with opto-electronic switch H01H2239/024with inductive switch H01H2239/026Internal encoding, e.g. validity bit H01H2239/03Avoiding erroneous switching H01H2239/032Anti-tamper H01H2239/034Environmental protection H01H2239/036Heating, e.g. against condensation H01H2239/038Anti-vandalism H01H2239/04Gadget H01H2239/042Unmixable liquids inside H01H2239/044High voltage application H01H2239/046Getter H01H2239/048comprising microphone or speaker H01H2239/05Mode selector switch, e.g. shift, or indicator H01H2239/052Strain gauge H01H2239/054Acoustic pick-up, e.g. ultrasonic H01H2239/056Keyboard or overlay identification features H01H2239/058Containing a battery H01H2239/06Temperature sensitive H01H2239/062Disposable H01H2239/064Simulating the appearance of touch panel H01H2239/066Duplication of control panel, e.g. duplication of some keys H01H2239/0683D H01H2239/07UV or IR detection, e.g. of human body H01H2239/072High temperature considerations H01H2239/074Actuation by finger touch H01H2239/076Key stroke generating power H01H2239/078Variable resistance by variable contact area or point H01H2300/00Orthogonal indexing scheme relating to electric switches, relays, selectors or emergency protective devices covered by H01H H01H2300/002Application electric motor braking, e.g. pole reversal of rotor, shorting motor coils, also for field discharge H01H2300/004Application hearing aid H01H2300/006Application power roofs H01H2300/008Application power seats H01H2300/01Application power window H01H2300/012Application rear view mirror H01H2300/014Application surgical instrument H01H2300/016Application timepiece H01H2300/018Application transferbetween utility and emergency power supply circuits in H02J9/04 H01H2300/02Application transmission, e.g. for sensing the position of a gear selector or automatic transmission H01H2300/022Application wake upswitches or contacts specially provided for the wake up or standby shift of a circuit H01H2300/024Avoid unwanted operation H01H2300/026Application dead man switch: power must be interrupted on release of operating member H01H2300/028Application dead man switch, i.e. power being interrupted by panic reaction of operator, e.g. further pressing down push button H01H2300/03Application domotique, e.g. for house automation, bus connected switches, sensors, loads or intelligent wiring H01H2300/032using RFID technology in switching devices H01H2300/034using magnetic shape memory [MSM] also an austenite-martensite transformation, but then magnetically controlled H01H2300/036Application nanoparticles, e.g. nanotubes, integrated in switch components, e.g. contacts, the switch itself being clearly of a different scale, e.g. greater than nanoscale H01H2300/038Preselection, i.e. the output of a switch depends on a particular preselection, e.g. a particular position of another switch H01H2300/04Programmable interface between a set of switches and a set of functions, e.g. for reconfiguration of a control panel H01H2300/042Application rejection, i.e. preventing improper installation of parts H01H2300/044Application rejection 1: coded interacting surfaces, polarising, e.g. to avoid insertion of a circuit breaker or fuse or relay or rating plug of the wrong caliber or in the wrong direction H01H2300/046using snap closing mechanisms H01H2300/048Snap closing by latched movable contact, wherein the movable contact is held in a minimal distance from the fixed contact during first phase of closing sequence in which a closing spring is charged H01H2300/05Snap closing with trip, wherein the contacts are locked open during charging of mechanism and unlocked by separate trip device, e.g. manual, electromagnetic etc. H01H2300/052Controlling, signalling or testing correct functioning of a switch see also H01H2300/056 - H01H2300/066 and H01H11/0062 H01H2300/054Application timeslot: duration of actuation or delay between or combination of subsequent actuations determines selected function H01H2300/056Tools for actuating a switch H01H2300/058using apparatus with a spring motor or a snap-acting mechanism for actuating any one of a number of circuit breakers H01H2300/06using tools as locking means H01H2300/062for locking a charged spring H01H2300/064by means of removable member H01H2300/066for locking a switch in a test or an "installation" position