C21CPROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEELTREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS refining metals in general C22B9/00In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme. C21C1/00 C21C1/00Refining of pig-ironCast iron C21C1/02Dephosphorising or desulfurising C21C1/025Agents used for dephosphorising or desulfurising C21C1/04Removing impurities other than carbon, phosphorus or sulfur C21C1/06Constructional features of mixers for pig-iron C21C1/08Manufacture of cast-iron C21C1/10Making spheroidal graphite cast-iron C21C1/105Nodularising additive agents C21C3/00Manufacture of wrought-iron or wrought-steel C21C5/00Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel C21C5/005Manufacture of stainless steel C21C5/02Crucible furnace process C21C5/005 takes precedence C21C5/04Manufacture of hearth-furnace steel, e.g. Siemens-Martin steel C21C5/005 takes precedence C21C5/06Processes yielding slags of special composition C21C5/28Manufacture of steel in the converter C21C5/005 takes precedence C21C5/285Plants therefor C21C5/30Regulating or controlling the blowing C21C5/305Afterburning C21C5/32Blowing from above C21C5/35 takes precedence C21C5/34Blowing through the bath C21C5/35 takes precedence C21C5/35Blowing from above and through the bath C21C5/36Processes yielding slags of special composition C21C2005/363Slag cements C21C2005/366Foam slags C21C5/38Removal of waste gases or dust C21C5/40Offtakes or separating apparatus for converter waste gases or dust C21C5/42Constructional features of converters C21C5/44Refractory linings C21C5/441Equipment used for making or repairing linings C21C5/443Hot fettling; Flame gunning C21C5/445Lining or repairing the taphole C21C2005/446Dry linings C21C2005/448Lining wear indicators C21C5/46Details or accessories C21C5/4606Lances or injectors C21C5/4613Refractory coated lances; Immersion lances C21C5/462Means for handling, e.g. adjusting, changing, coupling C21C2005/4626Means for cooling, e.g. by gases, fluids or liquids C21C5/4633Supporting means C21C5/464Trunnion bearings C21C5/4646Cooling arrangements C21C5/4653Tapholes; Opening or plugging thereof C21C5/466Charging device for converters C21C2005/4666for charging with organic contaminated scrap C21C5/4673Measuring and sampling devices C21C2005/468Means for determining the weight of the converter C21C5/4686Vehicles for supporting and transporting a converter vessel C21C5/4693Skull removal; Cleaning of the converter mouth C21C5/48Bottoms or tuyéres of converters C21C5/50Tilting mechanisms for converters C21C5/52Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces C21C5/005 takes precedence; electric heating per se H05B C21C5/5205in a plasma heated furnace C21C5/5211in an alternating current [AC] electric arc furnace C21C5/5217equipped with burners or devices for injecting gas, i.e. oxygen, or pulverulent materials into the furnace C21C2005/5223with post-combustion C21C5/5229in a direct current [DC] electric arc furnace C21C2005/5235with bottom electrodes C21C5/5241in an inductively heated furnace C21C5/5247processing a moving metal stream while exposed to an electromagnetic field, e.g. in an electromagnetic counter current channel C21C5/5252in an electrically heated multi-chamber furnace, a combination of electric furnaces or an electric furnace arranged for associated working with a non electric furnace C21C2005/5258with crater formed by down-melting of scrap or charge through electrode or lance C21C5/5264Manufacture of alloyed steels including ferro-alloys C21C5/527Charging of the electric furnace C21C2005/5276with liquid or solid rest, e.g. pool, "sumpf" C21C2005/5282with organic contaminated scrap C21C2005/5288Measuring or sampling devices C21C5/5294General arrangement or layout of the electric melt shop C21C5/54Processes yielding slags of special composition C21C5/56Manufacture of steel by other methods making liquid steel by direct processes C21B13/00 ; C21C5/005 takes precedence C21C5/562starting from scrap C21C5/565Preheating of scrap apparatus for preheating scrap in general F27D13/002 C21C5/567operating in a continuous way C21C7/00Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00 treating molten metals during moulding B22D1/00, B22D27/00; remelting ferrous metals C22B C21C7/0006Adding metallic additives C21C2007/0012Lead C21C2007/0018Boron C21C7/0025Adding carbon material C21C2007/0031being plastics, organic compounds, polymers C21C7/0037by injecting powdered material C21C7/0043into the falling stream of molten metal C21C7/005using exothermic reaction compositions C21C7/0056using cored wires C21C2007/0062with introduction of alloying or treating agents under a compacted form different from a wire, e.g. briquette, pellet C21C7/0068by introducing material into a current of streaming metal C21C7/0075Treating in a ladle furnace, e.g. up-/reheating of molten steel within the ladle C21C7/0081Treating and handling under pressure C21C7/0087Treatment of slags covering the steel bath, e.g. for separating slag from the molten metal C21C2007/0093Duplex process; Two stage processes C21C7/04Removing impurities by adding a treating agent C21C7/06Deoxidising, e.g. killing C21C7/064DephosphorisingDesulfurising C21C7/0645Agents used for dephosphorising or desulfurising C21C7/068Decarburising C21C7/0685of stainless steel C21C7/072Treatment with gases C21C7/06, C21C7/064, C21C7/068 take precedence C21C7/076Use of slags or fluxes as treating agents C21C7/06, C21C7/064, C21C7/068 take precedence C21C7/10Handling in a vacuum C21C2100/00 C21C2100/00Exhaust gas C21C2100/02Treatment of the exhaust gas C21C2100/04Recirculation of the exhaust gas C21C2100/06Energy from waste gas used in other processes C21C2200/00Recycling of waste material C21C2250/00Specific additivesMeans for adding material different from burners or lances C21C2250/02Hot oxygen C21C2250/04Liquid gas C21C2250/042Liquid oxygen C21C2250/06Hollow electrode C21C2250/08Porous plug C21C2300/00Process aspects C21C2300/02Foam creation C21C2300/04Avoiding foam formation C21C2300/06Modeling of the process, e.g. for control purposesCII C21C2300/08Particular sequence of the process steps