G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING computer systems based on specific computational models G06N In this subclass, the following terms or expressions are used with the meaning indicated: "handling" includes processing or transporting of data; "data processing equipment" means an association of an electric digital data processor classifiable under group G06F7/00, with one or more arrangements classifiable under groups G06F1/00 - G06F5/00 and G06F9/00 - G06F13/00. The following IPC groups are not in the CPC scheme. The subject matter for these IPC groups is classified in the following CPC groups: G06F3/18 covered by G06F3/00, G06K11/00G06F7/04 covered by G06F7/02G06F9/302 - G06F9/318 covered by G06F9/30In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme. G06F1/00 G06F1/00Details not covered by groups G06F3/00 - G06F13/00 and G06F21/00 architectures of general purpose stored program computers G06F15/76 G06F1/02Digital function generators G06F1/022Waveform generators, i.e. devices for generating periodical functions of time, e.g. direct digital synthesizers G06F1/025, G06F1/03 take precedence G06F1/025for functions having two-valued amplitude, e.g. Walsh functions G06F1/0255Walsh or analogous functions G06F1/03working, at least partly, by table look-up G06F1/025 takes precedenceIn order to be classified in this group, the table must contain function values of the desired or an intermediate function, not merely coefficients. G06F1/0307Logarithmic or exponential functions G06F1/0314, G06F1/035 take precedence G06F1/0314the table being stored on a peripheral device, e.g. papertape, drum G06F1/0321Waveform generators, i.e. devices for generating periodical functions of time, e.g. direct digital synthesizers G06F1/0314, G06F1/035 take precedence G06F1/0328in which the phase increment is adjustable, e.g. by using an adder-accumulator G06F1/0335the phase increment itself being a composed function of two or more variables, e.g. frequency and phase G06F1/0342for generating simultaneously two or more related waveforms, e.g. with different phase angles only G06F1/035Reduction of table size G06F1/0314 takes precedence G06F1/0353by using symmetrical properties of the function, e.g. using most significant bits for quadrant control G06F1/0356by using two or more smaller tables, e.g. addressed by parts of the argument G06F1/04Generating or distributing clock signals or signals derived directly therefrom G06F1/06Clock generators producing several clock signals G06F1/08 - G06F1/14 take precedence G06F1/08Clock generators with changeable or programmable clock frequency G06F1/10Distribution of clock signals , e.g. skew G06F1/105in which the distribution is at least partially optical G06F1/12Synchronisation of different clock signals provided by a plurality of clock generators G06F1/14Time supervision arrangements, e.g. real time clock G06F1/16Constructional details or arrangements G06F1/1601Constructional details related to the housing of computer displays, e.g. of CRT monitors, of flat displays constructional details related to flat displays integrated in a portable computer, e.g. laptop, handheld computer G06F1/1637; constructional details related to television receivers H04N5/64 G06F1/1603Arrangements to protect the display from incident light, e.g. hoods G06F1/1605Multimedia displays, e.g. with integrated or attached speakers, cameras, microphones G06F1/1607Arrangements to support accessories mechanically attached to the display housing G06F1/1603, G06F1/1605 take precedence G06F1/1609to support filters or lenses G06F1/1611to support document holders G06F1/1613for portable computers cooling arrangements therefor G06F1/203; constructional details or arrangements for pocket calculators, electronic agendas or books G06F15/0216; constructional details of portable telephone sets: with several bodies H04M1/0202 G06F1/1615with several enclosures having relative motions, each enclosure supporting at least one I/O or computing function constructional details of portable telephones comprising a plurality of mechanically joined movable body parts H04M1/0206 G06F1/1616with folding flat displays, e.g. laptop computers or notebooks having a clamshell configuration, with body parts pivoting to an open position around an axis parallel to the plane they define in closed position G06F1/1618the display being foldable up to the back of the other housing with a single degree of freedom, e.g. by 360° rotation over the axis defined by the rear edge of the base enclosure G06F1/162changing, e.g. reversing, the face orientation of the screen with a two degrees of freedom mechanism, e.g. for folding into tablet PC like position or orienting towards the direction opposite to the user to show to a second user G06F1/1622with enclosures rotating around an axis perpendicular to the plane they define or with ball-joint coupling, e.g. PDA with display enclosure orientation changeable between portrait and landscape by rotation with respect to a coplanar body enclosure G06F1/1624with sliding enclosures, e.g. sliding keyboard or display G06F1/1626with a single-body enclosure integrating a flat display, e.g. Personal Digital Assistants [PDAs] G06F1/1628Carrying enclosures containing additional elements, e.g. case for a laptop and a printer G06F1/163Wearable computers, e.g. on a belt G06F1/1632External expansion units, e.g. docking stations G06F1/1633Constructional details or arrangements of portable computers not specific to the type of enclosures covered by groups G06F1/1615 - G06F1/1626 G06F1/1635Details related to the integration of battery packs and other power supplies such as fuel cells or integrated AC adapter G06F1/1637Details related to the display arrangement, including those related to the mounting of the display in the housing G06F1/1639the display being based on projection G06F1/1641the display being formed by a plurality of foldable display components G06F1/1647 takes precedence G06F1/1643the display being associated to a digitizer, e.g. laptops that can be used as penpads details related to the relative motion of the display enclosure with respect to the body enclosure, e.g. to move between laptop and tablet PC configuration G06F1/1615 G06F1/1645the display being suitable to be used in combination with an external overhead projector G06F1/1647including at least an additional display G06F1/1692 takes precedence G06F1/1649the additional display being independently orientable, e.g. for presenting information to a second user G06F1/165the additional display being small, e.g. for presenting status information G06F1/1652the display being flexible, e.g. mimicking a sheet of paper, or rollable G06F1/1654the display being detachable, e.g. for remote use G06F1/1656Details related to functional adaptations of the enclosure, e.g. to provide protection against EMI, shock, water, or to host detachable peripherals like a mouse or removable expansions units like PCMCIA cards, or to provide access to internal components for maintenance or to removable storage supports like CDs or DVDs, or to mechanically mount accessories mounting of accessories to a computer display G06F1/1607; display hoods G06F1/1603; cooling arrangements for portable computers G06F1/203 G06F1/1658related to the mounting of internal components, e.g. disc drive or any other functional module G06F1/166related to integrated arrangements for adjusting the position of the main body with respect to the supporting surface, e.g. legs for adjusting the tilt angle G06F1/1662Details related to the integrated keyboard G06F1/1664Arrangements for ergonomically adjusting the disposition of keys of the integrated keyboard G06F1/1666Arrangements for reducing the size of the integrated keyboard for transport, e.g. foldable keyboards, keyboards with collapsible keys G06F1/1664 takes precedence G06F1/1667Arrangements for adjusting the tilt angle of the integrated keyboard independently from the main body adjusting the tilt angle integrally with the main body G06F1/166 G06F1/1669Detachable keyboards G06F1/1671Special purpose buttons or auxiliary keyboards, e.g. retractable mini keypads, keypads or buttons that remain accessible at closed laptop G06F1/1666 takes precedence G06F1/1673Arrangements for projecting a virtual keyboard G06F1/1675Miscellaneous details related to the relative movement between the different enclosures or enclosure parts G06F1/1677for detecting open or closed state or particular intermediate positions assumed by movable parts of the enclosure, e.g. detection of display lid position with respect to main body in a laptop, detection of opening of the cover of battery compartment G06F1/1679for locking or maintaining the movable parts of the enclosure in a fixed position, e.g. latching mechanism at the edge of the display in a laptop or for the screen protective cover of a PDA G06F1/1681 takes precedence G06F1/1681Details related solely to hinges hinge details related to the transmission of signals or power are classified in G06F1/1683 G06F1/1683for the transmission of signal or power between the different housings, e.g. details of wired or wireless communication, passage of cabling G06F1/1684Constructional details or arrangements related to integrated I/O peripherals not covered by groups G06F1/1635 - G06F1/1675 G06F1/1686the I/O peripheral being an integrated camera G06F1/1688the I/O peripheral being integrated loudspeakers G06F1/169the I/O peripheral being an integrated pointing device, e.g. trackball in the palm rest area, mini-joystick integrated between keyboard keys, touch pads or touch stripes G06F1/1643 takes precedence; constructional details of pointing devices G06F3/033 G06F1/1692the I/O peripheral being a secondary touch screen used as control interface, e.g. virtual buttons or sliders G06F1/1694the I/O peripheral being a single or a set of motion sensors for pointer control or gesture input obtained by sensing movements of the portable computer G06F1/1696the I/O peripheral being a printing or scanning device G06F1/1698the I/O peripheral being a sending/receiving arrangement to establish a cordless communication link, e.g. radio or infrared link, integrated cellular phone details of antennas disposed inside a computer H01Q1/2266 G06F1/18Packaging or power distribution G06F1/181Enclosures for portable computers G06F1/1613 G06F1/182with special features, e.g. for use in industrial environments; grounding or shielding against radio frequency interference [RFI] or electromagnetical interference [EMI] G06F1/183Internal mounting support structures, e.g. for printed circuit boards, internal connecting means for buses G06F13/409 G06F1/184Mounting of motherboards G06F1/185Mounting of expansion boards G06F1/186Securing of expansion boards in correspondence to slots provided at the computer enclosure G06F1/187Mounting of fixed and removable disk drives G06F1/188Mounting of power supply units G06F1/189Power distribution G06F1/20Cooling means G06F1/203for portable computers, e.g. for laptops G06F1/206comprising thermal management G06F1/22Means for limiting or controlling the pin/gate ratio G06F1/24Resetting means G06F1/26Power supply means, e.g. regulation thereof for memories G11C G06F1/263Arrangements for using multiple switchable power supplies, e.g. battery and AC G06F1/30 takes precedence G06F1/266Arrangements to supply power to external peripherals either directly from the computer or under computer control, e.g. supply of power through the communication port, computer controlled power-strips G06F1/28Supervision thereof, e.g. detecting power-supply failure by out of limits supervision G06F1/30Means for acting in the event of power-supply failure or interruption, e.g. power-supply fluctuations for resetting only G06F1/24 G06F1/305in the event of power-supply fluctuations G06F1/32Means for saving power G06F1/3203Power management, i.e. event-based initiation of a power-saving mode G06F1/3206Monitoring of events, devices or parameters that trigger a change in power modality G06F1/3209Monitoring remote activity, e.g. over telephone lines or network connections G06F1/3212Monitoring battery levels, e.g. power saving mode being initiated when battery voltage goes below a certain level G06F1/3215Monitoring of peripheral devices G06F1/3218of display devices G06F1/3221of disk drive devices G06F1/3225of memory devices G06F1/3228Monitoring task completion, e.g. by use of idle timers, stop commands or wait commands G06F1/3231Monitoring the presence, absence or movement of users G06F1/3234Power saving characterised by the action undertaken G06F1/3237by disabling clock generation or distribution G06F1/324by lowering clock frequency G06F1/3243Power saving in microcontroller unit G06F1/3246by software initiated power-off G06F1/325Power saving in peripheral device G06F1/3253Power saving in bus G06F1/3256Power saving in optical drive G06F1/3259Power saving in cursor control device, e.g. mouse, joystick, trackball G06F1/3262Power saving in digitizer or tablet G06F1/3265Power saving in display device G06F1/3268Power saving in hard disk drive G06F1/3271Power saving in keyboard G06F1/3275Power saving in memory, e.g. RAM, cache G06F1/3278Power saving in modem or I/O interface G06F1/3281Power saving in PCMCIA card G06F1/3284Power saving in printer G06F1/3287by switching off individual functional units in the computer system G06F1/329by task scheduling G06F1/3293by switching to a less power-consuming processor, e.g. sub-CPU G06F1/3296by lowering the supply or operating voltage G06F3/00Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computerOutput arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements G06F3/002Specific input/output arrangements not covered by G06F3/01 - G06F3/16 other optical apparatus G02B27/00 G06F3/005Input arrangements through a video camera G06F3/007Digital input from or digital output to memories of the shift register type G06F3/01Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer G06F3/16 takes precedence G06F3/011Arrangements for interaction with the human body, e.g. for user immersion in virtual reality blind teaching G09B21/00 G06F3/012Head tracking input arrangements G06F3/013Eye tracking input arrangements G06F3/015 takes precedence G06F3/014Hand-worn input/output arrangements, e.g. data gloves G06F3/015Input arrangements based on nervous system activity detection, e.g. brain waves [EEG] detection, electromyograms [EMG] detection, electrodermal response detection G06F3/016Input arrangements with force or tactile feedback as computer generated output to the user G06F3/017Gesture based interaction, e.g. based on a set of recognized hand gestures interaction based on gestures traced on a digitiser G06F3/04883 G06F3/018Input/output arrangements for oriental characters G06F3/02Input arrangements using manually operated switches, e.g. using keyboards or dials G06F3/0202Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the input device G06F3/0205Lever arrangements for operating keyboard cursor control keys in a joystick-like manner G06F3/0208Arrangements for adjusting the tilt angle of a keyboard, e.g. pivoting legs for keyboards integrated in a laptop computer G06F1/1667 G06F3/021Arrangements integrating additional peripherals in a keyboard, e.g. card or barcode reader, optical scanner G06F3/0213Arrangements providing an integrated pointing device in a keyboard, e.g. trackball, mini-joystick for pointing devices integrated in a laptop computer G06F1/169; joysticks G05G9/047; constructional details of pointing devices G06F3/033 G06F3/0216Arrangements for ergonomically adjusting the disposition of keys of a keyboard for keyboards integrated in a laptop computer G06F1/1664 G06F3/0219Special purpose keyboards G06F3/0221Arrangements for reducing keyboard size for transport or storage, e.g. foldable keyboards, keyboards with collapsible keys G06F3/0216 takes precedence; for keyboards integrated in a laptop computer G06F1/1666 G06F3/0224Key guide holders G06F3/0227Cooperation and interconnection of the input arrangement with other functional units of a computer G06F3/023 - G06F3/037 take precedence G06F3/023Arrangements for converting discrete items of information into a coded form, e.g. arrangements for interpreting keyboard generated codes as alphanumeric codes, operand codes or instruction codes G06F3/0231Cordless keyboards G06F3/0232Manual direct entries, e.g. key to main memory G06F3/0233Character input methods G06F3/0234using switches operable in different directions G06F3/0235using chord techniques G06F3/0234 takes precedence G06F3/0236using selection techniques to select from displayed items G06F3/0237using prediction or retrieval techniques G06F3/0238Programmable keyboards key guide holders G06F3/0224 G06F3/027for insertion of the decimal point G06F3/03Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form In this group, the first place priority rule is applied, i.e. at each hierarchical level, in the absence of an indication to the contrary, classification is made in the first appropriate place. G06F3/0304Detection arrangements using opto-electronic means constructional details of pointing devices not related to the detection arrangement using opto-electronic means G06F3/033; optical digitisers G06F3/042 G06F3/0308comprising a plurality of distinctive and separately oriented light emitters or reflectors associated to the pointing device, e.g. remote cursor controller with distinct and separately oriented LEDs at the tip whose radiations are captured by a photo-detector associated to the screen G06F3/0312for tracking the rotation of a spherical or circular member, e.g. optical rotary encoders used in mice or trackballs using a tracking ball or in mouse scroll wheels tracking relative movement in co-operation with a regularly or irregularly patterned surface, e.g. as in optical mice G06F3/0317; constructional details of scroll or thumb-wheels G06F3/0362; optical rotary encoders G01D5/3473 G06F3/0317in co-operation with a patterned surface, e.g. absolute position or relative movement detection for an optical mouse or pen positioned with respect to a coded surface G06F3/0321by optically sensing the absolute position with respect to a regularly patterned surface forming a passive digitiser, e.g. pen optically detecting position indicative tags printed on a paper sheet constructional details of pen-shaped pointing devices G06F3/03545, G06F3/03542, G06F3/037 G06F3/0325using a plurality of light emitters or reflectors or a plurality of detectors forming a reference frame from which to derive the orientation of the object, e.g. by triangulation or on the basis of reference deformation in the picked up image G06F3/033Pointing devices displaced or positioned by the user , e.g. mice, trackballs, pens or joysticksAccessories therefor digitisers characterised by the transducing means G06F3/041 G06F3/0334Foot operated pointing devices G06F3/0338with detection of limited linear or angular displacement of an operating part of the device from a neutral position, e.g. isotonic or isometric joysticks G06F3/0346with detection of the device orientation or free movement in a 3D space, e.g. 3D mice, 6-DOF [six degrees of freedom] pointers using gyroscopes, accelerometers or tilt-sensors G06F3/0354with detection of 2D relative movements between the device, or an operating part thereof, and a plane or surface, e.g. 2D mice, trackballs, pens or pucks G06F3/03541Mouse/trackball convertible devices, in which the same ball is used to track the 2D relative movement G06F3/03542Light pens for emitting or receiving light G06F3/03543Mice or pucks G06F3/03541 takes precedence G06F3/03544having dual sensing arrangement, e.g. two balls or two coils used to track rotation of the pointing device G06F3/03545Pens or stylus G06F3/03546using a rotatable ball at the tip as position detecting member G06F3/03547Touch pads, in which fingers can move on a surface G06F3/03548Sliders, in which the moving part moves in a plane G06F3/03549Trackballs G06F3/03541 takes precedence G06F3/0362with detection of 1D translations or rotations of an operating part of the device, e.g. scroll wheels, sliders, knobs, rollers or belts G06F3/037using the raster scan of a cathode-ray tube [CRT] for detecting the position of the member, e.g. light pens cooperating with CRT monitors G06F3/038Control and interface arrangements therefor, e.g. drivers or device-embedded control circuitry G06F3/0383Signal control means within the pointing device G06F3/0386for light pen G06F3/039Accessories therefor, e.g. mouse pads G06F3/0393Accessories for touch pads or touch screens, e.g. mechanical guides added to touch screens for drawing straight lines, hard keys overlaying touch screens or touch pads G06F3/0395Mouse pads G06F3/041Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means G06F3/0412Digitisers structurally integrated in a display G06F3/0414using force sensing means to determine a position G06F3/04142the force sensing means being located peripherally, e.g. disposed at the corners or at the side of a touch sensing plate G06F3/04144using an array of force sensing means position sensing using the local deformation of sensor cells G06F3/0447 G06F3/04146using pressure sensitive conductive elements delivering a boolean signal and located between crossing sensing lines, e.g. located between X and Y sensing line layers G06F3/0416Control or interface arrangements specially adapted for digitisers G06F3/04162for exchanging data with external devices, e.g. smart pens, via the digitiser sensing hardware G06F3/04164Connections between sensors and controllers, e.g. routing lines between electrodes and connection pads G06F3/04166Details of scanning methods, e.g. sampling time, grouping of sub areas or time sharing with display driving Synchronisation with the driving of the display or the backlighting unit to avoid interferences generated internally G06F3/04184 G06F3/041661using detection at multiple resolutions, e.g. coarse and fine scanning; using detection within a limited area, e.g. object tracking window G06F3/041662using alternate mutual and self-capacitive scanning G06F3/0418for error correction or compensation, e.g. based on parallax, calibration or alignment G06F3/04182Filtering of noise external to the device and not generated by digitiser components G06F3/04184Synchronisation with the driving of the display or the backlighting unit to avoid interferences generated internally G06F3/04186Touch location disambiguation G06F3/042by opto-electronic means G06F3/0421by interrupting or reflecting a light beam, e.g. optical touch-screen G06F3/0423using sweeping light beams, e.g. using rotating or vibrating mirror G06F3/0425using a single imaging device like a video camera for tracking the absolute position of a single or a plurality of objects with respect to an imaged reference surface, e.g. video camera imaging a display or a projection screen, a table or a wall surface, on which a computer generated image is displayed or projected tracking a projected light spot to determine a position on a display surface G06F3/0386 G06F3/0426tracking fingers with respect to a virtual keyboard projected or printed on the surface virtual keyboards on touch screens G06F3/04886 G06F3/0428by sensing at the edges of the touch surface the interruption of optical paths, e.g. an illumination plane, parallel to the touch surface which may be virtual sensing beam interruptions in a planar beam grid of an optical touch-screen G06F3/0421 G06F3/043using propagating acoustic waves G06F3/0433in which the acoustic waves are either generated by a movable member and propagated within a surface layer or propagated within a surface layer and captured by a movable member G06F3/0436in which generating transducers and detecting transducers are attached to a single acoustic waves transmission substrate G06F3/044by capacitive means G06F3/0441using active external devices, e.g. active pens, for receiving changes in electrical potential transmitted by the digitiser, e.g. tablet driving signals G06F3/0442using active external devices, e.g. active pens, for transmitting changes in electrical potential to be received by the digitiser G06F3/0443using a single layer of sensing electrodes G06F3/0444using a single conductive element covering the whole sensing surface, e.g. by sensing the electrical current flowing at the corners G06F3/0445using two or more layers of sensing electrodes, e.g. using two layers of electrodes separated by a dielectric layer G06F3/0446using a grid-like structure of electrodes in at least two directions, e.g. using row and column electrodes G06F3/0447Position sensing using the local deformation of sensor cells G06F3/0448Details of the electrode shape, e.g. for enhancing the detection of touches, for generating specific electric field shapes, for enhancing display quality G06F3/045using resistive elements, e.g. a single continuous surface or two parallel surfaces put in contact G06F3/046by electromagnetic means G06F3/047using sets of wires, e.g. crossed wires G06F3/048Interaction techniques based on graphical user interfaces [GUI]This group covers subject matter where the focus is placed on the way the user can interact with the displayed data. The mere presence of a standard GUI in the context of the disclosure of a specific software application or a specific device capable of processing data related to its specific function, should be in general classified in the appropriate subclasses related to those software applications or specific devices. G06F3/0481based on specific properties of the displayed interaction object or a metaphor-based environment, e.g. interaction with desktop elements like windows or icons, or assisted by a cursor's changing behaviour or appearance G06F3/04812Interaction techniques based on cursor appearance or behaviour, e.g. being affected by the presence of displayed objects G06F3/04815Interaction with a metaphor-based environment or interaction object displayed as three-dimensional, e.g. changing the user viewpoint with respect to the environment or object G06F3/04817using icons graphical or visual programming using iconic symbols G06F8/34 G06F3/0482Interaction with lists of selectable items, e.g. menus G06F3/0483Interaction with page-structured environments, e.g. book metaphor G06F3/0484for the control of specific functions or operations, e.g. selecting or manipulating an object, an image or a displayed text element, setting a parameter value or selecting a range G06F3/04842Selection of displayed objects or displayed text elements G06F3/0482 takes precedence G06F3/04845for image manipulation, e.g. dragging, rotation, expansion or change of colour G06F3/04847Interaction techniques to control parameter settings, e.g. interaction with sliders or dials G06F3/0485Scrolling or panning G06F3/04855Interaction with scrollbars G06F3/0486Drag-and-drop G06F3/0487using specific features provided by the input device, e.g. functions controlled by the rotation of a mouse with dual sensing arrangements, or of the nature of the input device, e.g. tap gestures based on pressure sensed by a digitiser G06F3/0488using a touch-screen or digitiser, e.g. input of commands through traced gestures G06F3/04883for inputting data by handwriting, e.g. gesture or text G06F3/04886by partitioning the display area of the touch-screen or the surface of the digitising tablet into independently controllable areas, e.g. virtual keyboards or menus G06F3/0489using dedicated keyboard keys or combinations thereof G06F3/04892Arrangements for controlling cursor position based on codes indicative of cursor displacements from one discrete location to another, e.g. using cursor control keys associated to different directions or using the tab key arrangements for controlling cursor position based on coordinate signals G06F3/038 G06F3/04895Guidance during keyboard input operation, e.g. prompting G06F3/04897Special input arrangements or commands for improving display capability G06F3/05Digital input using the sampling of an analogue quantity at regular intervals of time , input from a/d converter or output to d/a converter G06F3/06Digital input from, or digital output to, record carriers , e.g. RAID, emulated record carriers or networked record carriersGroups G06F3/06, G06F3/0601, G06F3/0602, G06F3/0604, G06F3/0605, G06F3/0607, G06F3/0608, G06F3/061, G06F3/0611, G06F3/0613, G06F3/0614, G06F3/0616, G06F3/0617, G06F3/0619, G06F3/062, G06F3/0622, G06F3/0623, G06F3/0625, G06F3/0626, G06F3/0628, G06F3/0629, G06F3/0631, G06F3/0632, G06F3/0634, G06F3/0635, G06F3/0637, G06F3/0638, G06F3/064, G06F3/0641, G06F3/0643, G06F3/0644, G06F3/0646, G06F3/0647, G06F3/0649, G06F3/065, G06F3/0652, G06F3/0653, G06F3/0655, G06F3/0656, G06F3/0658, G06F3/0659, G06F3/0661, G06F3/0662, G06F3/0664, G06F3/0665, G06F3/0667, G06F3/0668, G06F3/067, G06F3/0671, G06F3/0673, G06F3/0674, G06F3/0676, G06F3/0677, G06F3/0679, G06F3/068, G06F3/0682, G06F3/0683, G06F3/0685, G06F3/0686, G06F3/0688, G06F3/0689 and G06F3/08 are incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group G06F2003/0697.
All groups listed in this Warning should be considered in order to perform a complete search. G06F3/0601Interfaces specially adapted for storage systemsIn this subgroup the following classification rules must be observed:
For a complete classification in the field of G06F3/0601 documents should receive classification symbols for "invention information" as follows:at least one symbol in G06F3/0602 - G06F3/0626 for the technical effect achieved andat least one symbol in G06F3/0628 - G06F3/0667 for the technique used andat least one symbol in G06F3/0668 - G06F3/0689 for the infrastructure involved.
The classification of "additional information" is optional. CPC symbols in the range G06F2206/1004 - G06F2206/1014 should be used for classifying "additional information". G06F3/0602specifically adapted to achieve a particular effect G06F3/0604Improving or facilitating administration, e.g. storage management G06F3/0605by facilitating the interaction with a user or administrator G06F3/0607by facilitating the process of upgrading existing storage systems, e.g. for improving compatibility between host and storage device G06F3/0608Saving storage space on storage systems G06F3/061Improving I/O performance G06F3/0611in relation to response time G06F3/0613in relation to throughput G06F3/0614Improving the reliability of storage systems G06F3/0616in relation to life time, e.g. increasing Mean Time Between Failures [MTBF] G06F3/0617in relation to availability G06F3/0619in relation to data integrity, e.g. data losses, bit errors G06F3/062Securing storage systems G06F3/0622in relation to access G06F3/0623in relation to content G06F3/0625Power saving in storage systems G06F3/0626Reducing size or complexity of storage systems G06F3/0628making use of a particular technique G06F3/0629Configuration or reconfiguration of storage systems G06F3/0631by allocating resources to storage systems G06F3/0632by initialisation or re-initialisation of storage systems G06F3/0634by changing the state or mode of one or more devices G06F3/0635by changing the path, e.g. traffic rerouting, path reconfiguration G06F3/0637Permissions G06F3/0638Organizing or formatting or addressing of data G06F3/064Management of blocks G06F3/0641De-duplication techniques G06F3/0643Management of files G06F3/0644Management of space entities, e.g. partitions, extents, pools G06F3/0646Horizontal data movement in storage systems, i.e. moving data in between storage devices or systems G06F3/0647Migration mechanisms G06F3/0649Lifecycle management G06F3/065Replication mechanisms G06F3/0652Erasing, e.g. deleting, data cleaning, moving of data to a wastebasket G06F3/0653Monitoring storage devices or systems G06F3/0655Vertical data movement, i.e. input-output transfer; data movement between one or more hosts and one or more storage devices G06F3/0656Data buffering arrangements G06F3/0658Controller construction arrangements G06F3/0659Command handling arrangements, e.g. command buffers, queues, command scheduling G06F3/0661Format or protocol conversion arrangements G06F3/0662Virtualisation aspects G06F3/0664at device level, e.g. emulation of a storage device or system G06F3/0665at area level, e.g. provisioning of virtual or logical volumes G06F3/0667at data level, e.g. file, record or object virtualisation G06F3/0668adopting a particular infrastructure G06F3/067Distributed or networked storage systems, e.g. storage area networks [SAN], network attached storage [NAS] G06F3/0671In-line storage system G06F3/0673Single storage device G06F3/0674Disk device G06F3/0676Magnetic disk device G06F3/0677Optical disk device, e.g. CD-ROM, DVD G06F3/0679Non-volatile semiconductor memory device, e.g. flash memory, one time programmable memory [OTP] G06F3/068Hybrid storage device G06F3/0682Tape device G06F3/0683Plurality of storage devices G06F3/0685Hybrid storage combining heterogeneous device types, e.g. hierarchical storage, hybrid arrays G06F3/0686Libraries, e.g. tape libraries, jukebox G06F3/0688Non-volatile semiconductor memory arrays G06F3/0689Disk arrays, e.g. RAID, JBOD G06F2003/0697device management, e.g. handlers, drivers, I/O schedulersGroup G06F2003/0697 is no longer used for the classification of documents as of 2021-05-01.
The content of this group is being reclassified into groups G06F3/06, G06F3/0601, G06F3/0602, G06F3/0604, G06F3/0605, G06F3/0607, G06F3/0608, G06F3/061, G06F3/0611, G06F3/0613, G06F3/0614, G06F3/0616, G06F3/0617, G06F3/0619, G06F3/062, G06F3/0622, G06F3/0623, G06F3/0625, G06F3/0626, G06F3/0628, G06F3/0629, G06F3/0631, G06F3/0632, G06F3/0634, G06F3/0635, G06F3/0637, G06F3/0638, G06F3/064, G06F3/0641, G06F3/0643, G06F3/0644, G06F3/0646, G06F3/0647, G06F3/0649, G06F3/065, G06F3/0652, G06F3/0653, G06F3/0655, G06F3/0656, G06F3/0658, G06F3/0659, G06F3/0661, G06F3/0662, G06F3/0664, G06F3/0665, G06F3/0667, G06F3/0668, G06F3/067, G06F3/0671, G06F3/0673, G06F3/0674, G06F3/0676, G06F3/0677, G06F3/0679, G06F3/068, G06F3/0682, G06F3/0683, G06F3/0685, G06F3/0686, G06F3/0688, G06F3/0689 and G06F3/08.
All groups listed in this Warning should be considered in order to perform a complete search. G06F3/08from or to individual record carriers, e.g. punched card , memory card, integrated circuit [IC] card or smart card G06F3/09Digital output to typewriters G06F3/12Digital output to print unit , e.g. line printer, chain printer G06F3/1201Dedicated interfaces to print systems G06F3/1202specifically adapted to achieve a particular effect G06F3/1203Improving or facilitating administration, e.g. print management G06F3/1204resulting in reduced user or operator actions, e.g. presetting, automatic actions, using hardware token storing data G06F3/1205resulting in increased flexibility in print job configuration, e.g. job settings, print requirements, job tickets G06F3/1206resulting in increased flexibility in input data format or job format or job type G06F3/1207resulting in the user being informed about print result after a job submission G06F3/1208resulting in improved quality of the output result, e.g. print layout, colours, workflows, print preview G06F3/1209resulting in adapted or bridged legacy communication protocols, e.g. emulation, protocol extension G06F3/121Facilitating exception or error detection and recovery, e.g. fault, media or consumables depleted G06F3/1211Improving printing performance G06F3/1212achieving reduced delay between job submission and print start G06F3/1213at an intermediate node or at the final node G06F3/1214at the submitting node G06F3/1215achieving increased printing speed, i.e. reducing the time between printing start and printing end G06F3/1217achieving reduced idle time at the output device or increased asset utilization G06F3/1218Reducing or saving of used resources, e.g. avoiding waste of consumables or improving usage of hardware resources G06F3/1219with regard to consumables, e.g. ink, toner, paper G06F3/122with regard to computing resources, e.g. memory, CPU G06F3/1221with regard to power consumption G06F3/1222Increasing security of the print job G06F3/1223specifically adapted to use a particular technique G06F3/1224Client or server resources management G06F3/1225Software update, e.g. print driver, modules, plug-ins, fonts G06F3/1226Discovery of devices having required properties G06F3/1227Printer definition files G06F3/1228Printing driverless or using generic drivers G06F3/1229Printer resources management or printer maintenance, e.g. device status, power levels G06F3/123Software or firmware update, e.g. device firmware management G06F3/1231Device related settings, e.g. IP address, Name, Identification G06F3/1232Transmitting printer device capabilities, e.g. upon request or periodically G06F3/1234Errors handling and recovery, e.g. reprinting G06F3/1261 takes precedence G06F3/1235caused by end of consumables, e.g. paper, ink, toner G06F3/1236Connection management G06F3/1237Print job management G06F3/1238Secure printing, e.g. user identification, user rights for device usage, unallowed content, blanking portions or fields of a page, releasing held jobs G06F3/1239Restricting the usage of resources, e.g. usage or user levels, credit limit, consumables, special fonts G06F3/124Parallel printing or parallel ripping G06F3/1241Dividing a job according to job requirements, e.g. black/white and colour pages, covers and body of books, tabs G06F3/1242Image or content composition onto a page G06F3/1243Variable data printing, e.g. document forms, templates, labels, coupons, advertisements, logos, watermarks, transactional printing, fixed content versioning G06F3/1244Job translation or job parsing, e.g. page banding G06F3/1245by conversion to intermediate or common format G06F3/1246by handling markup languages, e.g. XSL, XML, HTML G06F3/1247by conversion to printer ready format G06F3/1248by printer language recognition, e.g. PDL, PCL, PDF G06F3/125Page layout or assigning input pages onto output media, e.g. imposition G06F3/1251for continuous media, e.g. web media, rolls G06F3/1252for sheet based media G06F3/1253Configuration of print job parameters, e.g. using UI at the client G06F3/1254Automatic configuration, e.g. by driver G06F3/1255Settings incompatibility, e.g. constraints, user requirements vs. device capabilities G06F3/1256User feedback, e.g. print preview, test print, proofing, pre-flight checks G06F3/1257by using pre-stored settings, e.g. job templates, presets, print styles G06F3/1258by updating job settings at the printer G06F3/1259Print job monitoring, e.g. job status G06F3/126Job scheduling, e.g. queuing, determine appropriate device G06F3/1261by using alternate printing G06F3/1262by grouping or ganging jobs G06F3/1263based on job priority, e.g. re-arranging the order of jobs, e.g. the printing sequence G06F3/1264by assigning post-processing resources G06F3/1265Printing by reference, e.g. retrieving document/image data for a job from a source mentioned in the job G06F3/1267Job repository, e.g. non-scheduled jobs, delay printing G06F3/1268Job submission, e.g. submitting print job order or request not the print data itself G06F3/1269by broadcasting server G06F3/127by using hot folders, e.g. folder for which print settings or print data management rules are set in advance G06F3/1271Job submission at the printing node, e.g. creating a job from a data stored locally or remotely G06F3/1238 takes precedence G06F3/1272Digital storefront, e.g. e-ordering, web2print, submitting a job from a remote submission screen G06F3/1273Print job history, e.g. logging, accounting, tracking G06F3/1274Deleting of print job G06F3/1275Print workflow management, e.g. defining or changing a workflow, cross publishing G06F3/1276within a printer driver, e.g. driver resides either on a server or on a client G06F3/1277using filter pipeline, e.g. outside the driver, adding traps G06F3/1278specifically adapted to adopt a particular infrastructure G06F3/1279Controller construction, e.g. aspects of the interface hardware G06F3/128Direct printing, e.g. sending document file, using memory stick, printing from a camera G06F3/1281Multi engine printer devices, e.g. one entity having multiple output engines G06F3/1282High volume printer device G06F3/1284Local printer device G06F3/1285Remote printer device, e.g. being remote from client or server G06F3/1286via local network G06F3/1287via internet G06F3/1288in client-server-printer device configuration G06F3/1289in server-client-printer device configuration, e.g. the server does not see the printer G06F3/129in server-printer device-client configuration, e.g. print flow goes from server to printer and then bidirectional from printer to client, i.e. the client does not communicate with the server G06F3/1291Pool of printer devices: self-managing printing devices in a network, e.g. without a server G06F3/1292Mobile client, e.g. wireless printing G06F3/1293Printer information exchange with computer G06F3/1294Status or feedback related to information exchange G06F3/1295Buffering means G06F3/1296Printer job scheduling or printer resource handling G06F3/1297Printer code translation, conversion, emulation, compression; Configuration of printer parameters G06F3/1298Printer language recognition, e.g. programme control language, page description language G06F3/13Digital output to plotter ; Cooperation and interconnection of the plotter with other functional units G06F3/14Digital output to display device ; Cooperation and interconnection of the display device with other functional units G06F3/1407General aspects irrespective of display type, e.g. determination of decimal point position, display with fixed or driving decimal point, suppression of non-significant zeros G06F3/1415with means for detecting differences between the image stored in the host and the images displayed on the displays G06F3/1423controlling a plurality of local displays, e.g. CRT and flat panel display G06F3/1431using a single graphics controller G06F3/1438using more than one graphics controller G06F3/1446display composed of modules, e.g. video walls G06F3/1454involving copying of the display data of a local workstation or window to a remote workstation or window so that an actual copy of the data is displayed simultaneously on two or more displays, e.g. teledisplay G06F3/1462with means for detecting differences between the image stored in the host and the images displayed on the remote displays G06F3/147using display panels G06F3/1475with conversion of CRT control signals to flat panel control signals, e.g. adapting the palette memory G06F3/153using cathode-ray tubes G06F3/16Sound inputSound output speech processing G10L G06F3/162Interface to dedicated audio devices, e.g. audio drivers, interface to CODECs G06F3/165Management of the audio stream, e.g. setting of volume, audio stream path G06F3/167Audio in a user interface, e.g. using voice commands for navigating, audio feedback G06F5/00Methods or arrangements for data conversion without changing the order or content of the data handled G06F5/01for shifting, e.g. justifying, scaling, normalising digital stores in which the information is moved stepwise, e.g. shift-registers G11C19/00; digital stores in which the information circulates G11C21/00 G06F5/012in floating-point computations G06F5/015having at least two separately controlled shifting levels, e.g. using shifting matrices G06F5/012 takes precedence G06F5/017using recirculating storage elements G06F5/06for changing the speed of data flow, i.e. speed regularising or timing, e.g. delay lines, FIFO buffers; over- or underrun control therefor G06F7/78 takes precedence G06F5/065Partitioned buffers, e.g. allowing multiple independent queues, bidirectional FIFO's G06F5/08having a sequence of storage locations, the intermediate ones not being accessible for either enqueue or dequeue operations, e.g. using a shift register G06F5/065 takes precedence; shift registers per se G11C19/00 G06F5/085in which the data is recirculated G06F5/10having a sequence of storage locations each being individually accessible for both enqueue and dequeue operations, e.g. using random access memory G06F5/065 takes precedence G06F5/12Means for monitoring the fill levelMeans for resolving contention, i.e. conflicts between simultaneous enqueue and dequeue operations G06F5/14for overflow or underflow handling, e.g. full or empty flags G06F5/16Multiplexed systems, i.e. using two or more similar devices which are alternately accessed for enqueue and dequeue operations, e.g. ping-pong buffers G06F7/00Methods or arrangements for processing data by operating upon the order or content of the data handled logic circuits H03K19/00 G06F7/02Comparing digital values G06F7/06, G06F7/22, G06F7/38 take precedence G06F7/023adaptive, e.g. self learning G06F7/026Magnitude comparison, i.e. determining the relative order of operands based on their numerical value, e.g. window comparator G06F7/06Arrangements for sorting, selecting, merging, or comparing data on individual record carriers G06F7/08Sorting, i.e. grouping record carriers in numerical or other ordered sequence according to the classification of at least some of the information they carry by merging two or more sets of carriers in ordered sequence G06F7/16 G06F7/10Selecting, i.e. obtaining data of one kind from those record carriers which are identifiable by data of a second kind from a mass of ordered or randomly- distributed record carriers G06F7/12with provision for printing-out a list of selected items G06F7/14Merging, i.e. combining at least two sets of record carriers each arranged in the same ordered sequence to produce a single set having the same ordered sequence G06F7/16Combined merging and sorting G06F7/20Comparing separate sets of record carriers arranged in the same sequence to determine whether at least some of the data in one set is identical with that in the other set or sets G06F7/22Arrangements for sorting or merging computer data on continuous record carriers, e.g. tape, drum, disc G06F7/24Sorting, i.e. extracting data from one or more carriers, rearranging the data in numerical or other ordered sequence, and rerecording the sorted data on the original carrier or on a different carrier or set of carriers sorting methods in generalG06F7/36 takes precedence G06F7/26the sorted data being recorded on the original record carrier within the same space in which the data had been recorded prior to their sorting, without using intermediate storage G06F7/32Merging, i.e. combining data contained in ordered sequence on at least two record carriers to produce a single carrier or set of carriers having all the original data in the ordered sequence merging methods in generalG06F7/36 takes precedence G06F7/36Combined merging and sorting G06F7/38Methods or arrangements for performing computations using exclusively denominational number representation, e.g. using binary, ternary, decimal representation G06F7/381using cryogenic components, e.g. Josephson gates G06F7/383using magnetic or similar elements parametric and other resonant circuits G06F7/388 G06F7/385magnetic bubbles G06F7/386decimal, radix 20 or 12 G06F7/385 takes precedence G06F7/388using other various devices such as electro-chemical, microwave, surface acoustic wave, neuristor, electron beam switching, resonant, e.g. parametric, ferro-resonant G06F7/40using contact-making devices, e.g. electromagnetic relay G06F7/46 takes precedence G06F7/405binary G06F7/42AddingSubtracting G06F7/405 takes precedence G06F7/44MultiplyingDividing G06F7/405 takes precedence G06F7/443by successive additions or subtractions G06F7/446by partial product forming (with electric multiplication table) G06F7/46using electromechanical counter-type accumulators G06F7/461Adding; subtracting G06F7/462Multiplying; dividing G06F7/463by successive additions or subtractions G06F7/465by partial product forming (with electric multiplication table) G06F7/466by successive multiplication or division by 2 G06F7/467by using preset multiples of the multiplicand or the divisor G06F7/468for evaluating functions by calculation G06F7/48using non-contact-making devices, e.g. tube, solid state deviceusing unspecified devices G06F7/4806Computations with complex numbers G06F7/4812Complex multiplication G06F7/4818using coordinate rotation digital computer [CORDIC] G06F7/4824using signed-digit representation G06F7/483Computations with numbers represented by a non-linear combination of denominational numbers, e.g. rational numbers, logarithmic number system or floating-point numbers G06F7/4806, G06F7/4824, G06F7/49, G06F7/491, G06F7/544 take precedence G06F7/4833Logarithmic number system G06F7/4836Computations with rational numbers G06F7/485AddingSubtracting G06F7/4833, G06F7/4836 take precedence G06F7/487MultiplyingDividing G06F7/4833, G06F7/4836 take precedence G06F7/4873Dividing G06F7/4876Multiplying G06F7/49Computations with a radix, other than binary, 8, 16 or decimal, e.g. ternary, negative or imaginary radices, mixed radix non-linear PCM G06F7/4824 takes precedence G06F7/491Computations with decimal numbers radix 12 or 20. G06F7/4824 takes precedence G06F7/4912Adding; Subtracting G06F7/492, G06F7/498 take precedence G06F7/4915Multiplying; Dividing G06F7/492, G06F7/498 take precedence G06F7/4917Dividing G06F7/492using a binary weighted representation within each denomination G06F7/498 takes precedence G06F7/4925Adding; Subtracting G06F7/493 takes precedence G06F7/493the representation being the natural binary coded representation, i.e. 8421-code G06F7/494AddingSubtracting G06F7/495in digit-serial fashion, i.e. having a single digit-handling circuit treating all denominations after each other G06F7/496MultiplyingDividing G06F7/498using counter-type accumulators G06F7/4981Adding; Subtracting G06F7/4983Multiplying; Dividing G06F7/4985by successive additions or subtractions G06F7/4986by successive multiplication or division by 2 G06F7/4988by table look-up G06F7/499Denomination or exception handling, e.g. rounding or overflow G06F7/49905Exception handling G06F7/4991Overflow or underflow G06F7/49915Mantissa overflow or underflow in handling floating-point numbers G06F7/49921Saturation, i.e. clipping the result to a minimum or maximum value G06F7/49926Division by zero G06F7/49931Modulo N reduction of final result G06F7/49936Normalisation mentioned as feature only G06F7/49942Significance control G06F7/49947Rounding G06F7/49952Sticky bit G06F7/49957Implementation of IEEE-754 Standard G06F7/49963Rounding to nearest G06F7/49957 takes precedence G06F7/49968Rounding towards positive infinity G06F7/49957 takes precedence G06F7/49973Rounding towards negative infinity, e.g. truncation of two's complement numbers G06F7/49957 takes precedence G06F7/49978Rounding towards zero G06F7/49957 takes precedence G06F7/49984Rounding away from zero G06F7/49989Interval arithmetic G06F7/49994Sign extension G06F7/50AddingSubtracting G06F7/483 - G06F7/491, G06F7/544 - G06F7/556 take precedence G06F7/501Half or full adders, i.e. basic adder cells for one denomination G06F7/5013using algebraic addition of the input signals, e.g. Kirchhoff adders G06F7/5016forming at least one of the output signals directly from the minterms of the input signals, i.e. with a minimum number of gate levels G06F7/502Half addersFull adders consisting of two cascaded half adders G06F7/5013 takes precedence G06F7/503using carry switching, i.e. the incoming carry being connected directly, or only via an inverter, to the carry output under control of a carry propagate signal G06F7/504in bit-serial fashion, i.e. having a single digit-handling circuit treating all denominations after each other G06F7/5045for multiple operands G06F7/505in bit-parallel fashion, i.e. having a different digit-handling circuit for each denomination G06F7/5052using carry completion detection, either over all stages or at sample stages only G06F7/5055in which one operand is a constant, i.e. incrementers or decrementers G06F7/5057using table look-upusing programmable logic arrays G06F7/509 takes precedence G06F7/506with simultaneous carry generation for, or propagation over, two or more stages G06F7/507using selection between two conditionally calculated carry or sum values G06F7/508using carry look-ahead circuits G06F7/509for multiple operands, e.g. digital integrators G06F7/5095word-serial, i.e. with an accumulator-register G06F7/52MultiplyingDividing G06F7/483 - G06F7/491, G06F7/544 take precedence G06F7/523Multiplying only G06F7/5235using indirect methods, e.g. quarter square method, via logarithmic domain G06F7/525in serial-serial fashion, i.e. both operands being entered serially G06F7/533 takes precedence G06F7/527in serial-parallel fashion, i.e. one operand being entered serially and the other in parallel G06F7/533 takes precedence G06F7/5272with row wise addition of partial products G06F7/5275using carry save adders G06F7/5277with column wise addition of partial products G06F7/53in parallel-parallel fashion, i.e. both operands being entered in parallel G06F7/533 takes precedence G06F7/5306with row wise addition of partial products G06F7/5324 takes precedence G06F7/5312using carry save adders G06F7/5318with column wise addition of partial products, e.g. using Wallace tree, Dadda counters G06F7/5324 takes precedence G06F7/5324partitioned, i.e. using repetitively a smaller parallel parallel multiplier or using an array of such smaller multipliers G06F7/533Reduction of the number of iteration steps or stages, e.g. using the Booth algorithm, log-sum, odd-even G06F7/5332by skipping over strings of zeroes or ones, e.g. using the Booth Algorithm G06F7/5334by using multiple bit scanning, i.e. by decoding groups of successive multiplier bits in order to select an appropriate precalculated multiple of the multiplicand as a partial product G06F7/5336overlapped, i.e. with successive bitgroups sharing one or more bits being recoded into signed digit representation, e.g. using the Modified Booth Algorithm G06F7/5338each bitgroup having two new bits, e.g. 2nd order MBA G06F7/535Dividing only G06F7/537Reduction of the number of iteration steps or stages, e.g. using the Sweeny-Robertson-Tocher [SRT] algorithm G06F7/5375Non restoring calculation, where each digit is either negative, zero or positive, e.g. SRT; G06F7/544for evaluating functions by calculation G06F7/4824 takes precedence G06F7/5443Sum of products for applications thereof, see the relevant places, e.g. G06F17/10, H03H17/00 G06F7/5446using crossaddition algorithms, e.g. CORDIC G06F7/548Trigonometric functionsCo-ordinate transformations G06F7/552Powers or roots , e.g. Pythagorean sums G06F7/5525Roots or inverse roots of single operands G06F7/556Logarithmic or exponential functions G06F7/57Arithmetic logic units [ALU], i.e. arrangements or devices for performing two or more of the operations covered by groups G06F7/483 – G06F7/556 or for performing logical operations G06F7/49, G06F7/491 take precedence G06F7/575Basic arithmetic logic units, i.e. devices selectable to perform either addition, subtraction or one of several logical operations, using, at least partially, the same circuitry G06F7/58Random or pseudo-random number generators G06F7/582Pseudo-random number generators G06F7/584using finite field arithmetic, e.g. using a linear feedback shift register G06F7/586using an integer algorithm, e.g. using linear congruential method G06F7/588Random number generators, i.e. based on natural stochastic processes G06F7/60Methods or arrangements for performing computations using a digital non-denominational number representation, i.e. number representation without radixComputing devices using combinations of denominational and non-denominational quantity representations , e.g. using difunction pulse trains, STEELE computers, phase computers conversion of digital data to or from non-denominational form H03M5/00, H03M7/00 G06F7/602using delta-sigma sequences G06F7/605Additive or subtractive mixing of two pulse rates into one beat-frequency oscillators H03B21/00; input circuits of electric counters, e.g. up-down counters H03K21/00 G06F7/607number-of-ones counters, i.e. devices for counting the number of input lines set to ONE among a plurality of input lines, also called bit counters or parallel counters for applications thereof, see the relevant places, e.g. G06F7/49, G06F7/5013, G06F7/509, H03M1/00, H03M7/20 G06F7/62Performing operations exclusively by counting total number of pulses ; Multiplication, division or derived operations using combined denominational and incremental processing by counters, i.e. without column shift G06F7/68 takes precedence G06F7/64Digital differential analysers, i.e. computing devices for differentiation, integration or solving differential or integral equations, using pulses representing incrementsOther incremental computing devices for solving difference equations G06F7/70 takes precedence; differential analysers using hybrid computing techniques G06J1/02 ; DDA application in numerical control G05B19/18 G06F7/66wherein pulses represent unitary increments only G06F7/68using pulse rate multipliers or dividers pulse rate multipliers or dividers per seG06F7/70 takes precedence ; frequency division in electronic watches G04G3/02; frequency multiplication or division in oscillators H03B19/00; frequency dividing counters per se H03K23/00 - H03K29/00 G06F7/70using stochastic pulse trains, i.e. randomly occurring pulses the average pulse rates of which represent numbers conversion of analogue signals into stochastic pulse trains and vice versa H03M1/04 G06F7/72using residue arithmetic G06F7/721Modular inversion, reciprocal or quotient calculation G06F7/724, G06F7/727, G06F7/728 take precedence G06F7/722Modular multiplication G06F7/724, G06F7/727, G06F7/728 take precedence G06F7/723Modular exponentiation G06F7/724, G06F7/727, G06F7/728 take precedence G06F7/724Finite field arithmetic for error detection or correction in general H03M13/00, in computers G06F11/10 G06F7/725over elliptic curves G06F7/726Inversion; Reciprocal calculation; Division of elements of a finite field G06F7/727Modulo N arithmetic, with N being either (2**n)-1,2**n or (2**n)+1, e.g. mod 3, mod 4 or mod 5 G06F7/728 takes precedence G06F7/728using Montgomery reduction G06F7/729using representation by a residue number system G06F7/74Selecting or encoding within a word the position of one or more bits having a specified value, e.g. most or least significant one or zero detection, priority encoders with shifting G06F5/01 G06F7/76Arrangements for rearranging, permuting or selecting data according to predetermined rules, independently of the content of the data G06F7/762having at least two separately controlled rearrangement levels, e.g. multistage interconnection networks G06F7/764 - G06F7/768 take precedence G06F7/764Masking G06F7/766Generation of all possible permutations G06F7/768Data position reversal, e.g. bit reversal, byte swapping G06F7/78for changing the order of data flow, e.g. matrix transposition or LIFO buffersOverflow or underflow handling therefor G06F7/785having a sequence of storage locations each being individually accessible for both enqueue and dequeue operations, e.g. using a RAM G06F8/00Arrangements for software engineering testing or debugging G06F11/36; administrative, planning or organisation aspects of software project management G06Q10/06 G06F8/10Requirements analysisSpecification techniques G06F8/20Software design G06F8/22Procedural G06F8/24Object-oriented G06F8/30Creation or generation of source code G06F8/31Programming languages or programming paradigms G06F8/311Functional or applicative languages; Rewrite languages G06F8/312List processing, e.g. LISP programming language G06F8/313Logic programming, e.g. PROLOG programming language G06F8/3135Unification or backtracking G06F8/314Parallel programming languages G06F8/313 takes precedence G06F8/315Object-oriented languages G06F8/316Aspect-oriented programming techniques G06F8/33Intelligent editors G06F8/34Graphical or visual programming G06F8/35model driven G06F8/355Round-trip engineering G06F8/36Software reuse G06F8/37Compiler construction; Parser generation G06F8/38for implementing user interfaces G06F8/40Transformation of program code G06F8/41Compilation G06F8/42Syntactic analysis G06F8/423Preprocessors G06F8/425Lexical analysis G06F8/427Parsing G06F8/43Checking; Contextual analysis G06F8/433Dependency analysis; Data or control flow analysis G06F8/434Pointers; Aliasing G06F8/436Semantic checking G06F8/437Type checking G06F8/44Encoding G06F8/441Register allocation; Assignment of physical memory space to logical memory space G06F8/443Optimisation G06F8/4432Reducing the energy consumption G06F8/4434Reducing the memory space required by the program code G06F8/4435Detection or removal of dead or redundant code G06F8/4436Exlining; Procedural abstraction G06F8/4441Reducing the execution time required by the program code G06F8/4442Reducing the number of cache misses; Data prefetching cache prefetching G06F12/0862 G06F8/4443Inlining G06F8/445Exploiting fine grain parallelism, i.e. parallelism at instruction level run-time instruction scheduling G06F9/3836 G06F8/4451Avoiding pipeline stalls G06F8/4452Software pipelining G06F8/447Target code generation G06F8/45Exploiting coarse grain parallelism in compilation, i.e. parallelism between groups of instructions G06F8/451Code distribution considering CPU load at run-time G06F9/505; load rebalancing G06F9/5083 G06F8/452Loops G06F8/453Data distribution G06F8/454Consistency cache consistency protocols in hierarchically structured memory systems G06F12/0815 G06F8/456Parallelism detection G06F8/457Communication intertask communication G06F9/54 G06F8/458Synchronisation, e.g. post-wait, barriers, locks synchronisation among tasks G06F9/52 G06F8/47Retargetable compilers G06F8/48Incremental compilation software reuse G06F8/36 G06F8/49Partial evaluation G06F8/51Source to source G06F8/52Binary to binary G06F8/53DecompilationDisassembly G06F8/54Link editing before load time G06F8/60Software deployment G06F8/61Installation G06F8/62Uninstallation G06F8/63Image based installation; Cloning; Build to order G06F8/64Retargetable G06F8/65Updates security arrangements therefor G06F21/57 G06F8/654using techniques specially adapted for alterable solid state memories, e.g. for EEPROM or flash memories G06F8/656while running G06F8/658Incremental updatesDifferential updates G06F8/66of program code stored in read-only memory [ROM] G06F8/70Software maintenance or management G06F8/71Version control security arrangements therefor G06F21/57Configuration management G06F8/72Code refactoring G06F8/73Program documentation G06F8/74Reverse engineeringExtracting design information from source code G06F8/75Structural analysis for program understanding G06F8/751Code clone detection G06F8/76Adapting program code to run in a different environmentPorting G06F8/77Software metrics G06F8/78Methods to solve the "Year 2000" [Y2K] problem G06F9/00Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units program control for peripheral devices G06F13/10 G06F9/02using wired connections, e.g. plugboards G06F9/04using record carriers containing only program instructions G06F9/06 takes precedence G06F9/06using stored programs, i.e. using an internal store of processing equipment to receive or retain programs G06F9/22Microcontrol or microprogram arrangements G06F9/223Execution means for microinstructions irrespective of the microinstruction function, e.g. decoding of microinstructions and nanoinstructions; timing of microinstructions; programmable logic arrays; delays and fan-out problems G06F9/226Microinstruction function, e.g. input/output microinstruction; diagnostic microinstruction; microinstruction format G06F9/24Loading of the microprogram G06F9/26Address formation of the next micro-instruction G06F9/28 takes precedence; Microprogram storage or retrieval arrangements G06F9/261Microinstruction address formation G06F9/262Arrangements for next microinstruction selection G06F9/264Microinstruction selection based on results of processing G06F9/265by address selection on input of storage G06F9/267by instruction selection on output of storage G06F9/268Microinstruction selection not based on processing results, e.g. interrupt, patch, first cycle store, diagnostic programs G06F9/28Enhancement of operational speed, e.g. by using several microcontrol devices operating in parallel G06F9/30Arrangements for executing machine instructions, e.g. instruction decode for executing microinstructions G06F9/22 G06F9/30003Arrangements for executing specific machine instructions G06F9/30007to perform operations on data operands G06F9/3001Arithmetic instructions G06F9/30014with variable precision G06F9/30018Bit or string instructions; instructions using a mask G06F9/30021Compare instructions, e.g. Greater-Than, Equal-To, MINMAX G06F9/30025Format conversion instructions, e.g. Floating-Point to Integer, decimal conversion G06F9/30029Logical and Boolean instructions, e.g. XOR, NOT G06F9/30032Movement instructions, e.g. MOVE, SHIFT, ROTATE, SHUFFLE G06F9/30036Instructions to perform operations on packed data, e.g. vector operations G06F9/3004to perform operations on memory G06F9/30043LOAD or STORE instructions; Clear instruction G06F9/30047Prefetch instructions; cache control instructions G06F9/3005to perform operations for flow control G06F9/30054Unconditional branch instructions G06F9/30058Conditional branch instructions G06F9/30061Multi-way branch instructions, e.g. CASE G06F9/30065Loop control instructions; iterative instructions, e.g. LOOP, REPEAT G06F9/30069Instruction skipping instructions, e.g. SKIP G06F9/30072to perform conditional operations, e.g. using guard G06F9/30076to perform miscellaneous control operations, e.g. NOP G06F9/30079Pipeline control instructions G06F9/30083Power or thermal control instructions G06F9/30087Synchronisation or serialisation instructions G06F9/3009Thread control instructions G06F9/30094Condition code generation, e.g. Carry, Zero flag G06F9/30098Register arrangements G06F9/30101Special purpose registers G06F9/30105Register structure G06F9/30109having multiple operands in a single register G06F9/30112for variable length data, e.g. single or double registers G06F9/30116Shadow registers, e.g. coupled registers, not forming part of the register space G06F9/3012Organisation of register space, e.g. banked or distributed register file G06F9/30123according to context, e.g. thread buffers G06F9/30127Register windows G06F9/3013according to data content, e.g. floating-point registers, address registers G06F9/30134Register stacks; shift registers G06F9/30138Extension of register space, e.g. register cache G06F9/30141Implementation provisions of register files, e.g. ports G06F9/30145Instruction analysis, e.g. decoding, instruction word fields G06F9/30149of variable length instructions G06F9/30152Determining start or end of instruction; determining instruction length G06F9/30156Special purpose encoding of instructions, e.g. Gray coding G06F9/3016Decoding the operand specifier, e.g. specifier format G06F9/30163with implied specifier, e.g. top of stack G06F9/30167of immediate specifier, e.g. constants G06F9/3017Runtime instruction translation, e.g. macros G06F9/30174for non-native instruction set, e.g. Javabyte, legacy code G06F9/30178of compressed or encrypted instructions G06F9/30181Instruction operation extension or modification G06F9/30185according to one or more bits in the instruction, e.g. prefix, sub-opcode G06F9/30189according to execution mode, e.g. mode flag G06F9/30192according to data descriptor, e.g. dynamic data typing G06F9/30196using decoder, e.g. decoder per instruction set, adaptable or programmable decoders G06F9/32Address formation of the next instruction, e.g. by incrementing the instruction counter G06F9/38 takes precedence G06F9/321Program or instruction counter, e.g. incrementing G06F9/322for non-sequential address G06F9/324using program counter relative addressing G06F9/325for loops, e.g. loop detection, loop counter G06F9/327for interrupts G06F9/328for runtime instruction patching G06F9/34Addressing or accessing the instruction operand or the result ; Formation of operand address; Addressing modes address translation G06F12/00 G06F9/342Extension of operand address space G06F9/345of multiple operands or results addressing multiple banks G06F12/06 G06F9/3455using stride G06F9/35Indirect addressing , i.e. using single address operand, e.g. address register G06F9/355Indexed addressing , i.e. using more than one address operand G06F9/3552using wraparound, e.g. modulo or circular addressing G06F9/3555using scaling, e.g. multiplication of index G06F9/3557using program counter as base address G06F9/38Concurrent instruction execution, e.g. pipeline, look ahead G06F9/3802Instruction prefetching G06F9/3804for branches, e.g. hedging, branch folding G06F9/3806using address prediction, e.g. return stack, branch history buffer G06F9/3808for instruction reuse, e.g. trace cache, branch target cache G06F9/381Loop buffering G06F9/3812with instruction modification, e.g. store into instruction stream G06F9/3814Implementation provisions of instruction buffers, e.g. prefetch buffer; banks G06F9/3816Instruction alignment, e.g. cache line crossing G06F9/3818Decoding for concurrent execution G06F9/382Pipelined decoding, e.g. using predecoding G06F9/3822Parallel decoding, e.g. parallel decode units G06F9/3824Operand accessing G06F9/3826Data result bypassing, e.g. locally between pipeline stages, within a pipeline stage G06F9/3828with global bypass, e.g. between pipelines, between clusters G06F9/383Operand prefetching cache prefetching G06F12/0862 G06F9/3832Value prediction for operands; operand history buffers G06F9/3834Maintaining memory consistency cache consistency protocols G06F12/0815 G06F9/3836Instruction issuing, e.g. dynamic instruction scheduling, out of order instruction execution G06F9/3838Dependency mechanisms, e.g. register scoreboarding G06F9/384Register renaming G06F9/3842Speculative instruction execution G06F9/3844using dynamic prediction, e.g. branch history table G06F9/3846using static prediction, e.g. branch taken strategy G06F9/3848using hybrid branch prediction, e.g. selection between prediction techniques G06F9/3851from multiple instruction streams, e.g. multistreaming initiation or dispatching of multiple tasks or threads G06F9/48 G06F9/3853of compound instructions G06F9/3855Reordering, e.g. using a queue, age tags G06F9/3857Result writeback, i.e. updating the architectural state G06F9/3859with result invalidation, e.g. nullification G06F9/3861Recovery, e.g. branch miss-prediction, exception handling error detection or correction G06F11/00 G06F9/3863using multiple copies of the architectural state, e.g. shadow registers G06F9/3865using deferred exception handling, e.g. exception flags G06F9/3867using instruction pipelines G06F9/3869Implementation aspects, e.g. pipeline latches; pipeline synchronisation and clocking G06F9/3871Asynchronous instruction pipeline, e.g. using handshake signals between stages G06F9/3873Variable length pipelines, e.g. elastic pipeline G06F9/3875Pipelining a single stage, e.g. superpipelining G06F9/3877using a slave processor, e.g. coprocessor peripheral processor G06F13/12; vector processor G06F15/8053 G06F9/3879for non-native instruction execution, e.g. executing a command; for Java instruction set G06F9/3881Arrangements for communication of instructions and data G06F2009/3883Two-engine architectures, i.e. stand-alone processor acting as a slave processor G06F9/3885using a plurality of independent parallel functional units G06F9/3887controlled by a single instruction, e.g. SIMD G06F9/3889controlled by multiple instructions, e.g. MIMD, decoupled access or execute G06F9/3891organised in groups of units sharing resources, e.g. clusters G06F9/3893controlled in tandem, e.g. multiplier-accumulator G06F9/3895for complex operations, e.g. multidimensional or interleaved address generators, macros G06F9/3897with adaptable data path G06F9/44Arrangements for executing specific programs G06F9/4401Bootstrapping security arrangements therefor G06F21/57 G06F9/4403Processor initialisation G06F9/4405Initialisation of multiprocessor systems G06F9/4406Loading of operating system G06F9/4408Boot device selection G06F9/441Multiboot arrangements, i.e. selecting an operating system to be loaded G06F9/4411Configuring for operating with peripheral devices; Loading of device drivers G06F9/4413Plug-and-play [PnP] G06F9/4415Self describing peripheral devices G06F9/4416Network booting; Remote initial program loading [RIPL] G06F9/4418Suspend and resume; Hibernate and awake G06F9/442Shutdown G06F9/445Program loading or initiating bootstrapping G06F9/4401; security arrangements for program loading or initiating G06F21/57 G06F9/44505Configuring for program initiating, e.g. using registry, configuration files G06F9/4451User profiles; Roaming G06F9/44521Dynamic linking or loading; Link editing at or after load time, e.g. Java class loading G06F9/44526Plug-ins; Add-ons G06F9/44536Selecting among different versions G06F9/44542Retargetable G06F9/44547Fat binaries G06F9/44552Conflict resolution, i.e. enabling coexistence of conflicting executables G06F9/44557Code layout in executable memory G06F9/44563Sharing G06F9/44568Immediately runnable code G06F9/44573Execute-in-place [XIP] G06F9/44578Preparing or optimising for loading G06F9/44584Portable applications, i.e. making applications self-contained, e.g. U3 standard G06F9/44589Program code verification, e.g. Java bytecode verification, proof-carrying code high-level semantic checks G06F8/43; testing and debugging software G06F11/36 G06F9/44594Unloading G06F9/448Execution paradigms, e.g. implementations of programming paradigms G06F9/4482Procedural G06F9/4484Executing subprograms G06F9/4486Formation of subprogram jump address G06F9/4488Object-oriented G06F9/449Object-oriented method invocation or resolution G06F9/4491Optimising based on receiver type G06F9/4492Inheritance G06F9/4493Object persistence G06F9/4494data driven G06F9/4496Unification in logic programming G06F9/4498Finite state machines G06F9/451Execution arrangements for user interfaces G06F9/452Remote windowing, e.g. X-Window System, desktop virtualisation protocols for virtual reality H04L67/131 G06F9/453Help systems G06F9/454Multi-language systems; Localisation; Internationalisation G06F9/455EmulationInterpretationSoftware simulation, e.g. virtualisation or emulation of application or operating system execution engines G06F9/45504Abstract machines for programme code execution, e.g. Java virtual machine [JVM], interpreters, emulators G06F9/45508Runtime interpretation or emulation, e g. emulator loops, bytecode interpretation G06F9/45512Command shells G06F9/45516Runtime code conversion or optimisation G06F9/4552Involving translation to a different instruction set architecture, e.g. just-in-time translation in a JVM G06F9/45525Optimisation or modification within the same instruction set architecture, e.g. HP Dynamo G06F9/45529Embedded in an application, e.g. JavaScript in a Web browser G06F9/45533Hypervisors; Virtual machine monitors G06F9/45537Provision of facilities of other operating environments, e.g. WINE I/O emulation G06F13/105 G06F9/45541Bare-metal, i.e. hypervisor runs directly on hardware G06F9/45545Guest-host, i.e. hypervisor is an application program itself, e.g. VirtualBox G06F9/4555Para-virtualisation, i.e. guest operating system has to be modified G06F9/45554Instruction set architectures of guest OS and hypervisor or native processor differ, e.g. Bochs or VirtualPC on PowerPC MacOS G06F9/45558Hypervisor-specific management and integration aspects G06F2009/45562Creating, deleting, cloning virtual machine instances G06F2009/45566Nested virtual machines G06F2009/4557Distribution of virtual machine instances; Migration and load balancing G06F2009/45575Starting, stopping, suspending or resuming virtual machine instances G06F2009/45579I/O management, e.g. providing access to device drivers or storage G06F2009/45583Memory management, e.g. access or allocation G06F2009/45587Isolation or security of virtual machine instances G06F2009/45591Monitoring or debugging support G06F2009/45595Network integration; Enabling network access in virtual machine instances G06F9/46Multiprogramming arrangements G06F9/461Saving or restoring of program or task context G06F9/462with multiple register sets G06F9/463Program control block organisation G06F9/465Distributed object oriented systems remote method invocation [RMI] G06F9/548 G06F9/466Transaction processing G06F9/467Transactional memory G06F9/528 takes precedence G06F9/468Specific access rights for resources, e.g. using capability register G06F9/48Program initiatingProgram switching, e.g. by interrupt G06F9/4806Task transfer initiation or dispatching G06F9/4812by interrupt, e.g. masked G06F9/4818Priority circuits therefor G06F9/4825Interrupt from clock, e.g. time of day G06F9/4831with variable priority G06F9/4837time dependent G06F9/4843by program, e.g. task dispatcher, supervisor, operating system G06F9/485Task life-cycle, e.g. stopping, restarting, resuming execution G06F9/4881 takes precedence G06F9/4856resumption being on a different machine, e.g. task migration, virtual machine migration G06F9/5088 takes precedence G06F9/4862the task being a mobile agent, i.e. specifically designed to migrate G06F9/4868with creation or replication G06F9/4875with migration policy, e.g. auction, contract negotiation G06F9/4881Scheduling strategies for dispatcher, e.g. round robin, multi-level priority queues G06F9/4887involving deadlines, e.g. rate based, periodic G06F9/4893taking into account power or heat criteria power management in computers in general G06F1/3203; thermal management in computers in general G06F1/206 G06F9/50Allocation of resources, e.g. of the central processing unit [CPU] G06F9/5005to service a request G06F9/5011the resources being hardware resources other than CPUs, Servers and Terminals G06F9/5016the resource being the memory G06F9/5022Mechanisms to release resources G06F9/5027the resource being a machine, e.g. CPUs, Servers, Terminals G06F9/5033considering data affinity G06F9/5038considering the execution order of a plurality of tasks, e.g. taking priority or time dependency constraints into consideration scheduling strategies G06F9/4881 and subgroups G06F9/5044considering hardware capabilities G06F9/505considering the load G06F9/5055considering software capabilities, i.e. software resources associated or available to the machine G06F9/5061Partitioning or combining of resources G06F9/5066Algorithms for mapping a plurality of inter-dependent sub-tasks onto a plurality of physical CPUs mappping at compile time, see G06F8/451 G06F9/5072Grid computing G06F9/5077Logical partitioning of resources; Management or configuration of virtualized resources specific details on emulation or internal functioning of virtual machines G06F9/455 G06F9/5083Techniques for rebalancing the load in a distributed system G06F9/5088involving task migration G06F9/5094where the allocation takes into account power or heat criteria power management in computers in general G06F1/3203; thermal management in computers in general G06F1/206 G06F9/52Program synchronisationMutual exclusion, e.g. by means of semaphores G06F9/522Barrier synchronisation G06F9/524Deadlock detection or avoidance G06F9/526Mutual exclusion algorithms G06F9/528by using speculative mechanisms G06F9/54Interprogram communication G06F9/541via adapters, e.g. between incompatible applications G06F9/542Event management; Broadcasting; Multicasting; Notifications G06F9/543User-generated data transfer, e.g. clipboards, dynamic data exchange [DDE], object linking and embedding [OLE] G06F9/544Buffers; Shared memory; Pipes G06F9/545where tasks reside in different layers, e.g. user- and kernel-space G06F9/546Message passing systems or structures, e.g. queues G06F9/547Remote procedure calls [RPC]; Web services G06F9/548Object oriented; Remote method invocation [RMI] non-remote method invocation G06F9/449 G06F11/00Error detectionError correctionMonitoring error detection, correction or monitoring in information storage based on relative movement between record carrier and transducer G11B20/18; monitoring, i.e. supervising the progress of recording or reproducing G11B27/36; in static stores G11C29/00 In this group the indexing codes of G06F1/00 - G06F15/00 are added G06F11/002protecting against parasitic influences, e.g. noise, temperatures This group is no longer used for the classification of new documents as from 2011-01-01. The documents are classified in G06F11/07 and subgroups according to the features used for protecting G06F11/004Error avoidance G06F11/07 and subgroups take precedence G06F11/006Identification G06F11/2289 takes precedence G06F11/008Reliability or availability analysis G06F11/07Responding to the occurrence of a fault, e.g. fault tolerance G06F11/0703Error or fault processing not based on redundancy, i.e. by taking additional measures to deal with the error or fault not making use of redundancy in operation, in hardware, or in data representation G06F11/0706the processing taking place on a specific hardware platform or in a specific software environment G06F11/0709in a distributed system consisting of a plurality of standalone computer nodes, e.g. clusters, client-server systems G06F11/0712in a virtual computing platform, e.g. logically partitioned systems G06F11/0715in a system implementing multitasking multitasking per se G06F9/46 G06F11/0718in an object-oriented system G06F11/0721within a central processing unit [CPU] G06F11/0724in a multiprocessor or a multi-core unit multiprocessors per se G06F15/80 G06F11/0727in a storage system, e.g. in a DASD or network based storage system drivers for digital recording or reproducing units G06F3/06; circuits for error detection or correction within digital recording or reproducing units G11B20/18; for distributed storage of data in networks, e.g. transport arrangements for network file system [NFS], storage area networks [SAN] or network attached storage [NAS], H04L67/1097 G06F11/073in a memory management context, e.g. virtual memory or cache management memory management G06F12/00; testing of static memory units G11C29/00 G06F11/0733in a data processing system embedded in an image processing device, e.g. printer, facsimile, scanner G06F11/0736in functional embedded systems, i.e. in a data processing system designed as a combination of hardware and software dedicated to performing a certain function testing or monitoring of automated control systems G05B23/02 G06F11/0739in a data processing system embedded in automotive or aircraft systems G06F11/0742in a data processing system embedded in a mobile device, e.g. mobile phones, handheld devices G06F11/0745in an input/output transactions management context input/output processing in general G06F13/00 G06F11/0748in a remote unit communicating with a single-box computer node experiencing an error/fault remote testing G06F11/2294 G06F11/0751Error or fault detection not based on redundancy power supply failures G06F1/30; network fault management H04L41/06 G06F11/0754by exceeding limits G06F11/0757by exceeding a time limit, i.e. time-out, e.g. watchdogs G06F11/076by exceeding a count or rate limit, e.g. word- or bit count limit G06F11/0763by bit configuration check, e.g. of formats or tags G06F11/0766Error or fault reporting or storing G06F11/0769Readable error formats, e.g. cross-platform generic formats, human understandable formats G06F11/0772Means for error signaling, e.g. using interrupts, exception flags, dedicated error registers G06F11/0775Content or structure details of the error report, e.g. specific table structure, specific error fields G06F11/0778Dumping, i.e. gathering error/state information after a fault for later diagnosis G06F11/0781Error filtering or prioritizing based on a policy defined by the user or on a policy defined by a hardware/software module, e.g. according to a severity level G06F11/0784Routing of error reports, e.g. with a specific transmission path or data flow G06F11/0787Storage of error reports, e.g. persistent data storage, storage using memory protection G06F11/079Root cause analysis, i.e. error or fault diagnosis in a hardware test environment G06F11/22; in a software test environment G06F11/36 G06F11/0793Remedial or corrective actions recovery from an exception in an instruction pipeline G06F9/3861; by retry G06F11/1402; for recovering from a failure of a protocol instance or entity H04L69/40 G06F11/0796Safety measures, i.e. ensuring safe condition in the event of error, e.g. for controlling element G06F11/08Error detection or correction by redundancy in data representation, e.g. by using checking codes G06F11/085using codes with inherent redundancy, e.g. n-out-of-m codes G06F11/10Adding special bits or symbols to the coded information, e.g. parity check, casting out 9's or 11's G06F11/1004to protect a block of data words, e.g. CRC or checksum G06F11/1076 takes precedence; security arrangements for protecting computers or computer systems against unauthorized activity G06F21/00 G06F11/1008in individual solid state devices G06F11/1004 takes precedence G06F11/1012using codes or arrangements adapted for a specific type of error G06F11/1048 takes precedence G06F11/1016Error in accessing a memory location, i.e. addressing error G06F11/102Error in check bits G06F11/1024Identification of the type of error G06F11/1028Adjacent errors, e.g. error in n-bit (n>1) wide storage units, i.e. package error G06F11/1032Simple parity G06F11/1036Unidirectional errors G06F11/104using arithmetic codes, i.e. codes which are preserved during operation, e.g. modulo 9 or 11 check G06F11/1044with specific ECC/EDC distribution G06F11/1048using arrangements adapted for a specific error detection or correction feature G06F11/1052Bypassing or disabling error detection or correction G06F11/1056Updating check bits on partial write, i.e. read/modify/write G06F11/106Correcting systematically all correctable errors, i.e. scrubbing G06F11/1064in cache or content addressable memories G06F11/1068in sector programmable memories, e.g. flash disk G06F11/1072 takes precedence G06F11/1072in multilevel memories G06F11/1076Parity data used in redundant arrays of independent storages, e.g. in RAID systems G06F11/108Parity data distribution in semiconductor storages, e.g. in SSD G06F11/1084Degraded mode, e.g. caused by single or multiple storage removals or disk failures G06F11/1088Reconstruction on already foreseen single or plurality of spare disks G06F11/1092Rebuilding, e.g. when physically replacing a failing disk G06F11/1096Parity calculation or recalculation after configuration or reconfiguration of the system G06F11/14Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in operation G06F11/16 takes precedence G06F11/1402Saving, restoring, recovering or retrying G06F11/1405at machine instruction level G06F11/1407Checkpointing the instruction stream G06F11/141for bus or memory accesses G06F11/1415at system level G06F11/1417Boot up procedures G06F11/142Reconfiguring to eliminate the error group management mechanisms in a peer-to-peer network H04L67/1044 G06F11/1423by reconfiguration of paths G06F11/1425by reconfiguration of node membership G06F11/1428with loss of hardware functionality G06F11/143with loss of software functionality G06F11/1433during software upgrading G06F11/1435using file system or storage system metadata G06F11/1438Restarting or rejuvenating G06F11/1441Resetting or repowering G06F11/1443Transmit or communication errors G06F11/1446Point-in-time backing up or restoration of persistent data G06F11/1448Management of the data involved in backup or backup restore G06F11/1451by selection of backup contents G06F11/1453using de-duplication of the data G06F11/1456Hardware arrangements for backup G06F11/1458Management of the backup or restore process G06F11/1461Backup scheduling policy G06F11/1464for networked environments G06F11/1466to make the backup process non-disruptive G06F11/1469Backup restoration techniques G06F11/1471involving logging of persistent data for recovery G06F11/1474in transactions G06F16/20 takes precedence G06F11/1476in neural networks G06F11/1479Generic software techniques for error detection or fault masking G06F11/1482by means of middleware or OS functionality G06F11/1484involving virtual machines G06F11/1487using N-version programming G06F11/1489through recovery blocks G06F11/1492by run-time replication performed by the application software G06F11/1494N-modular type G06F11/1497Details of time redundant execution on a single processing unit G06F11/16Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in hardware G06F11/1604where the fault affects the clock signals of a processing unit and the redundancy is at or within the level of clock signal generation hardware G06F11/1608Error detection by comparing the output signals of redundant hardware G06F11/1629, G06F11/1666 take precedence; error detection or correction in information storage based on relative movement between record carrier and transducer G11B20/18; checking static stores for correct operation G11C29/00; for logic circuits H03K19/003, H03K19/007; for pulse counters or frequency dividers H03K21/40 G06F11/1612where the redundant component is persistent storage G06F11/1616where the redundant component is an I/O device or an adapter therefor G06F11/162Displays G06F11/1625in communications, e.g. transmission, interfaces G06F11/1629Error detection by comparing the output of redundant processing systems G06F11/1633using mutual exchange of the output between the redundant processing components G06F11/1637using additional compare functionality in one or some but not all of the redundant processing components G06F11/1641where the comparison is not performed by the redundant processing components G06F11/1645and the comparison itself uses redundant hardware G06F11/165with continued operation after detection of the error G06F11/1654where the output of only one of the redundant processing components can drive the attached hardware, e.g. memory or I/O G06F11/1658Data re-synchronization of a redundant component, or initial sync of replacement, additional or spare unit G06F11/1662the resynchronized component or unit being a persistent storage device re-synchronization of failed mirror storage G06F11/2082; rebuild or reconstruction of parity RAID storage G06F11/1008 G06F11/1666where the redundant component is memory or memory area G06F11/167Error detection by comparing the memory output G06F11/1675Temporal synchronisation or re-synchronisation of redundant processing components G06F11/1679at clock signal level G06F11/1683at instruction level G06F11/1687at event level, e.g. by interrupt or result of polling G06F11/1691using a quantum G06F11/1695which are operating with time diversity G06F11/18using passive fault-masking of the redundant circuits error detection by comparing the output of redundant processing systems with continued operation after detection of the error G06F11/165 G06F11/181Eliminating the failing redundant component G06F11/182based on mutual exchange of the output between redundant processing components G06F11/183by voting, the voting not being performed by the redundant components G06F11/184where the redundant components implement processing functionality G06F11/185and the voting is itself performed redundantly G06F11/186Passive fault masking when reading multiple copies of the same data G06F11/187Voting techniques G06F11/188where exact match is not required G06F11/20using active fault-masking, e.g. by switching out faulty elements or by switching in spare elements G06F11/2002where interconnections or communication control functionality are redundant flexible arrangements for bus networks involving redundancy H04L12/40176 G06F11/2005using redundant communication controllers G06F11/2007using redundant communication media G06F11/201between storage system components G06F11/2012and using different communication protocols G06F11/2015Redundant power supplies power supply failure G06F1/30 G06F11/2017where memory access, memory control or I/O control functionality is redundant redundant communication control functionality G06F11/2005; redundant storage control functionality G06F11/2089 G06F11/202where processing functionality is redundant redundant communication control functionality G06F11/2005, redundant storage control functionality G06F11/2089 G06F11/2023Failover techniques G06F11/2025using centralised failover control functionality G06F11/2028eliminating a faulty processor or activating a spare G06F11/203using migration G06F11/2033switching over of hardware resources G06F11/2035without idle spare hardware G06F11/2038with a single idle spare processing component G06F11/2041with more than one idle spare processing component G06F11/2043where the redundant components share a common memory address space G06F11/2046where the redundant components share persistent storage G06F11/2043 takes precedence G06F11/2048where the redundant components share neither address space nor persistent storage G06F11/2051in regular structures G06F11/2053where persistent mass storage functionality or persistent mass storage control functionality is redundant error detection or correction in information storage based on relative movement between record carrier and transducer G11B20/18 G06F11/2056by mirroring G06F11/2058using more than 2 mirrored copies G06F11/2061combined with de-clustering of data G06F11/2064while ensuring consistency G06F11/2066Optimisation of the communication load G06F11/2069Management of state, configuration or failover G06F11/2071using a plurality of controllers G06F11/2074Asynchronous techniques G06F11/2076Synchronous techniques G06F11/2079Bidirectional techniques G06F11/2082Data synchronisation G06F11/2084on the same storage unit G06F11/2087with a common controller G06F11/2089Redundant storage control functionality G06F11/2092Techniques of failing over between control units G06F11/2094Redundant storage or storage space G06F11/2056 takes precedence G06F11/2097maintaining the standby controller/processing unit updated initialisation or re-synchronisation thereof G06F11/1658 and subgroups G06F11/22Detection or location of defective computer hardware by testing during standby operation or during idle time, e.g. start-up testing G06F11/2205using arrangements specific to the hardware being tested G06F11/221to test buses, lines or interfaces, e.g. stuck-at or open line faults G06F11/2215to test error correction or detection circuits G06F11/2221to test input/output devices or peripheral units G06F11/2226to test ALU G06F11/2231to test interrupt circuits G06F11/2236to test CPU or processors G06F11/2242in multi-processor systems, e.g. one processor becoming the test master G06F11/2736 takes precedence G06F11/2247Verification or detection of system hardware configuration G06F11/2252using fault dictionaries G06F11/2257using expert systems G06F11/2263using neural networks G06F11/2268Logging of test results G06F11/2273Test methods G06F11/2284by power-on test, e.g. power-on self test [POST] G06F11/2289by configuration test G06F11/2294by remote test G06F11/24Marginal checking or other specified testing methods not covered by G06F11/26, e.g. race tests G06F11/25Testing of logic operation, e.g. by logic analysers G06F11/26Functional testing G06F11/261by simulating additional hardware, e.g. fault simulation G06F11/263Generation of test inputs, e.g. test vectors, patterns or sequences ; with adaptation of the tested hardware for testability with external testers G06F11/2635using a storage for the test inputs, e.g. test ROM, script files G06F11/267Reconfiguring circuits for testing, e.g. LSSD, partitioning G06F11/27Built-in tests G06F11/273Tester hardware, i.e. output processing circuits G06F11/263 takes precedence G06F11/2733Test interface between tester and unit under test G06F11/2736using a dedicated service processor for test G06F11/277with comparison between actual response and known fault-free response G06F11/28by checking the correct order of processing G06F11/08 - G06F11/26 take precedence; monitoring patterns of pulse trains H03K5/19 G06F11/30Monitoring G06F11/3003Monitoring arrangements specially adapted to the computing system or computing system component being monitored G06F11/3006where the computing system is distributed, e.g. networked systems, clusters, multiprocessor systems multiprogramming arrangements G06F9/46; allocation of resources G06F9/50 G06F11/301where the computing system is a virtual computing platform, e.g. logically partitioned systems virtual machines G06F9/45533; logical partitioning of resources G06F9/5077 G06F11/3013where the computing system is an embedded system, i.e. a combination of hardware and software dedicated to perform a certain function in mobile devices, printers, automotive or aircraft systems testing or monitoring of control systems or parts thereof G05B23/02 G06F11/3017where the computing system is implementing multitasking multiprogramming arrangements G06F9/46; allocation of resources G06F9/50 G06F11/302where the computing system component is a software system G06F11/3024where the computing system component is a central processing unit [CPU] G06F11/3027where the computing system component is a bus G06F11/3031where the computing system component is a motherboard or an expansion card G06F11/3034where the computing system component is a storage system, e.g. DASD based or network based digital input from or digital output to record carriers G06F3/06; digital recording or reproducing G11B20/18; for distributed storage of data in networks, e.g. transport arrangements for network file system [NFS], storage area networks [SAN] or network attached storage [NAS], H04L67/1097 G06F11/3037where the computing system component is a memory, e.g. virtual memory, cache accessing, addressing or allocating within memory systems or architectures G06F12/00; checking stores for correct operation G11C29/00 G06F11/3041where the computing system component is an input/output interface interconnection of, or transfer of information or other signals between, memories, input/output devices or central processing units G06F13/00 G06F11/3044where the computing system component is the mechanical casing of the computing system G06F11/3048where the topology of the computing system or computing system component explicitly influences the monitoring activity, e.g. serial, hierarchical systems G06F11/3051Monitoring arrangements for monitoring the configuration of the computing system or of the computing system component, e.g. monitoring the presence of processing resources, peripherals, I/O links, software programs verification or detection of system hardware configuration G06F11/2247 G06F11/3055Monitoring arrangements for monitoring the status of the computing system or of the computing system component, e.g. monitoring if the computing system is on, off, available, not available error or fault processing without redundancy G06F11/0703; error detection or correction by redundancy in data representation G06F11/08; error detection or correction by redundancy in operation G06F11/14; error detection or correction by redundancy in hardware G06F11/16 G06F11/3058Monitoring arrangements for monitoring environmental properties or parameters of the computing system or of the computing system component, e.g. monitoring of power, currents, temperature, humidity, position, vibrations thermal management in cooling arrangements of a computing system G06F1/206 G06F11/3062where the monitored property is the power consumption power management in a computing system G06F1/3203 G06F11/3065Monitoring arrangements determined by the means or processing involved in reporting the monitored data error or fault reporting or logging G06F11/0766 G06F11/3068where the reporting involves data format conversion G06F11/3072where the reporting involves data filtering, e.g. pattern matching, time or event triggered, adaptive or policy-based reporting G06F11/3075the data filtering being achieved in order to maintain consistency among the monitored data, e.g. ensuring that the monitored data belong to the same timeframe, to the same system or component G06F11/3079the data filtering being achieved by reporting only the changes of the monitored data G06F11/3082the data filtering being achieved by aggregating or compressing the monitored data G06F11/3086where the reporting involves the use of self describing data formats, i.e. metadata, markup languages, human readable formats G06F11/3089Monitoring arrangements determined by the means or processing involved in sensing the monitored data, e.g. interfaces, connectors, sensors, probes, agents software debugging using additional hardware using a specific debug interface G06F11/3656; performance evaluation by tracing or monitoring G06F11/3466 G06F11/3093Configuration details thereof, e.g. installation, enabling, spatial arrangement of the probes G06F11/3096wherein the means or processing minimize the use of computing system or of computing system component resources, e.g. non-intrusive monitoring which minimizes the probe effect: sniffing, intercepting, indirectly deriving the monitored data from other directly available data G06F11/32with visual or acoustical indication of the functioning of the machine G06F11/321Display for diagnostics, e.g. diagnostic result display, self-test user interface G06F11/322Display of waveforms, e.g. of logic analysers G06F11/323 takes precedence G06F11/323Visualisation of programs or trace data G06F11/324Display of status information G06F11/325by lamps or LED's G06F11/326for error or online/offline status G06F11/327Alarm or error message display G06F11/328Computer systems status display G06F11/327 takes precedence G06F11/34Recording or statistical evaluation of computer activity, e.g. of down time, of input/output operation ; Recording or statistical evaluation of user activity, e.g. usability assessment G06F11/3404for parallel or distributed programming G06F11/3409for performance assessment G06F11/3414Workload generation, e.g. scripts, playback G06F11/3419by assessing time G06F11/3423where the assessed time is active or idle time G06F11/3428Benchmarking G06F11/3433for load management allocation of a server based on load conditions G06F9/505; load rebalancing G06F9/5083; redistributing the load in a network by a load balancer H04L67/1029 G06F11/3438monitoring of user actions tracking the activity of the user H04L67/535 G06F11/3442for planning or managing the needed capacity G06F11/3447Performance evaluation by modeling G06F11/3452Performance evaluation by statistical analysis G06F11/3457Performance evaluation by simulation G06F11/3461Trace driven simulation G06F11/3466Performance evaluation by tracing or monitoring G06F11/3471Address tracing G06F11/3476Data logging G06F11/14, G06F11/2205 take precedence G06F11/348Circuit details, i.e. tracer hardware G06F11/3485for I/O devices G06F11/349for interfaces, buses G06F11/3495for systems G06F11/36Preventing errors by testing or debugging software G06F11/3604Software analysis for verifying properties of programs byte-code verification G06F9/44589 G06F11/3608using formal methods, e.g. model checking, abstract interpretation theorem proving G06N5/013 G06F11/3612by runtime analysis performance monitoring G06F11/3466 G06F11/3616using software metrics G06F11/362Software debugging G06F11/3624by performing operations on the source code, e.g. via a compiler G06F11/3628of optimised code optimisation G06F8/443 G06F11/3632of specific synchronisation aspects G06F11/3636by tracing the execution of the program G06F11/364tracing values on a bus G06F11/3644by instrumenting at runtime G06F11/3648using additional hardware G06F11/3652in-circuit-emulation [ICE] arrangements G06F11/3656using a specific debug interface G06F11/366using diagnostics G06F11/0703 takes precedence G06F11/3664Environments for testing or debugging software G06F11/3668Software testing software testing in telephone exchanges H04M3/242, testing of hardware G06F11/22 G06F11/3672Test management G06F11/3676for coverage analysis G06F11/368for test version control, e.g. updating test cases to a new software version G06F11/3684for test design, e.g. generating new test cases G06F11/3688for test execution, e.g. scheduling of test suites G06F11/3692for test results analysis G06F11/3696Methods or tools to render software testable G06F12/00Accessing, addressing or allocating within memory systems or architectures digital input from, or digital output to record carriers, e.g. to disk storage units, G06F3/06 G06F12/02Addressing or allocationRelocation program address sequencing G06F9/00; arrangements for selecting an address in a digital store G11C8/00 G06F12/0207with multidimensional access, e.g. row/column, matrix G06F12/0215with look ahead addressing means G06F12/0223User address space allocation, e.g. contiguous or non contiguous base addressing G06F12/023Free address space management G06F12/0238Memory management in non-volatile memory, e.g. resistive RAM or ferroelectric memory G06F12/0246in block erasable memory, e.g. flash memory G06F12/0253Garbage collection, i.e. reclamation of unreferenced memory G06F12/0261using reference counting G06F12/0269Incremental or concurrent garbage collection, e.g. in real-time systems G06F12/0261 takes precedence G06F12/0276Generational garbage collection G06F12/0284Multiple user address space allocation, e.g. using different base addresses interprocessor communication G06F15/163 G06F12/0292using tables or multilevel address translation means G06F12/023 takes precedence; address translation in virtual memory systems G06F12/10 G06F12/04Addressing variable-length words or parts of words G06F12/06Addressing a physical block of locations, e.g. base addressing, module addressing, memory dedication G06F12/08 takes precedence This group is limited to Module addressing or allocation; base addressing is classified in G06F12/0223. G06F12/0607Interleaved addressing G06F12/0615Address space extension G06F12/0623for memory modules G06F12/063for I/O modules, e.g. memory mapped I/O I/O protocol G06F13/42 G06F12/0638Combination of memories, e.g. ROM and RAM such as to permit replacement or supplementing of words in one module by words in another module address formation of the next microinstruction G06F9/26; masking faults in memories by using spares or by reconfiguring G11C29/70 G06F12/0646Configuration or reconfiguration G06F12/0653with centralised address assignment G06F12/0661and decentralised selection G06F12/0669with decentralised address assignment G06F12/0676the address being position dependent G06F12/0684with feedback, e.g. presence or absence of unit detected by addressing, overflow detection G06F12/0692Multiconfiguration, e.g. local and global addressing G06F12/08in hierarchically structured memory systems, e.g. virtual memory systems G06F12/0802Addressing of a memory level in which the access to the desired data or data block requires associative addressing means, e.g. caches G06F12/0804with main memory updating G06F12/0806 takes precedence G06F12/0806Multiuser, multiprocessor or multiprocessing cache systems G06F12/0808with cache invalidating means G06F12/0815 takes precedence G06F12/0811with multilevel cache hierarchies G06F12/0813with a network or matrix configuration G06F12/0815Cache consistency protocols G06F12/0817using directory methods G06F12/082Associative directories G06F12/0822 takes precedence G06F12/0822Copy directories local copy tags for implementing a bus snooping protocol G06F12/0831 G06F12/0824Distributed directories, e.g. linked lists of caches G06F12/0826Limited pointers directories; State-only directories without pointers G06F12/0828with concurrent directory accessing, i.e. handling multiple concurrent coherency transactions G06F12/0831using a bus scheme, e.g. with bus monitoring or watching means G06F12/0833in combination with broadcast means (e.g. for invalidation or updating) G06F12/0835for main memory peripheral accesses (e.g. I/O or DMA) G06F12/0837with software control, e.g. non-cacheable data G06F12/084with a shared cache G06F12/0842for multiprocessing or multitasking G06F12/0844Multiple simultaneous or quasi-simultaneous cache accessing G06F12/0846Cache with multiple tag or data arrays being simultaneously accessible G06F12/0848Partitioned cache, e.g. separate instruction and operand caches G06F12/0851Cache with interleaved addressing G06F12/0853Cache with multiport tag or data arrays G06F12/0855Overlapped cache accessing, e.g. pipeline G06F12/0846 takes precedence G06F12/0857by multiple requestors G06F12/0859with reload from main memory G06F12/0862with prefetch G06F12/0864using pseudo-associative means, e.g. set-associative or hashing G06F12/0866for peripheral storage systems, e.g. disk cache G06F12/0868Data transfer between cache memory and other subsystems, e.g. storage devices or host systems G06F12/0871Allocation or management of cache space G06F12/0873Mapping of cache memory to specific storage devices or parts thereof G06F12/0875with dedicated cache, e.g. instruction or stack G06F12/0877Cache access modes G06F12/0879Burst mode G06F12/0882Page mode G06F12/0884Parallel mode, e.g. in parallel with main memory or CPU G06F12/0886Variable-length word access G06F12/0888using selective caching, e.g. bypass G06F12/0891using clearing, invalidating or resetting means G06F12/0893Caches characterised by their organisation or structure G06F12/0895of parts of caches, e.g. directory or tag array G06F12/0897with two or more cache hierarchy levels with multilevel cache hierarchies G06F12/0811 G06F12/10Address translation G06F12/1009using page tables, e.g. page table structures G06F12/1018involving hashing techniques, e.g. inverted page tables G06F12/1027using associative or pseudo-associative address translation means, e.g. translation look-aside buffer [TLB] G06F12/1036for multiple virtual address spaces, e.g. segmentation G06F12/1045 takes precedence G06F12/1045associated with a data cache G06F12/1054the data cache being concurrently physically addressed G06F12/1063the data cache being concurrently virtually addressed G06F12/1072Decentralised address translation, e.g. in distributed shared memory systems G06F12/1081for peripheral access to main memory, e.g. direct memory access [DMA] G06F12/109for multiple virtual address spaces, e.g. segmentation G06F12/1036 takes precedence G06F12/12Replacement control G06F12/121using replacement algorithms G06F12/122of the least frequently used [LFU] type, e.g. with individual count value G06F12/123with age lists, e.g. queue, most recently used [MRU] list or least recently used [LRU] list G06F12/124being minimized, e.g. non MRU G06F12/125being generated by decoding an array or storage G06F12/126with special data handling, e.g. priority of data or instructions, handling errors or pinning G06F12/127using additional replacement algorithms G06F12/128adapted to multidimensional cache systems, e.g. set-associative, multicache, multiset or multilevel G06F12/14Protection against unauthorised use of memory or access to memory G06F12/1408by using cryptography for digital transmission H04L9/00 G06F12/1416by checking the object accessibility, e.g. type of access defined by the memory independently of subject rights G06F12/1458 takes precedence G06F12/1425the protection being physical, e.g. cell, word, block G06F12/1433for a module or a part of a module G06F12/1441for a range G06F12/145the protection being virtual, e.g. for virtual blocks or segments before a translation mechanism G06F12/1458by checking the subject access rights G06F12/1466Key-lock mechanism G06F12/1475in a virtual system, e.g. with translation means G06F12/1483using an access-table, e.g. matrix or list G06F12/1491in a hierarchical protection system, e.g. privilege levels, memory rings G06F12/16Protection against loss of memory contents contains no material, see G06F11/00 G06F13/00Interconnection of, or transfer of information or other signals between, memories, input/output devices or central processing units interface circuits for specific input/output devices  G06F3/00; multiprocessor systems  G06F15/16 multiprogram control therefor  G06F9/46 G06F13/10Program control for peripheral devices G06F13/14 - G06F13/42 take precedence G06F13/102where the programme performs an interfacing function, e.g. device driver G06F13/105 takes precedence; scheduling within device drivers G06F9/52; contention policies within device drivers G06F9/4881 G06F13/105where the programme performs an input/output emulation function G06F13/107Terminal emulation G06F13/12using hardware independent of the central processor, e.g. channel or peripheral processor G06F13/122where hardware performs an I/O function other than control of data transfer G06F13/124where hardware is a sequential transfer control unit, e.g. microprocessor, peripheral processor or state-machine G06F13/126and has means for transferring I/O instructions and statuses between control unit and main processor G06F13/128for dedicated transfers to a network for protocol converters G06F13/387 G06F13/14Handling requests for interconnection or transfer G06F13/16for access to memory bus G06F13/28 takes precedence G06F13/1605based on arbitration arbitration in handling access to a common bus or bus system G06F13/36 G06F13/161with latency improvement G06F13/1615using a concurrent pipeline structrure G06F13/1621by maintaining request order G06F13/1626by reordering requests G06F13/1631through address comparison G06F13/1636using refresh G06F13/1642with request queuing G06F13/1647with interleaved bank access G06F13/1652in a multiprocessor architecture interprocessor communication using common memory G06F15/167 G06F13/1657Access to multiple memories G06F13/1663Access to shared memory G06F13/1668Details of memory controller G06F13/1673using buffers G06F13/1678using bus width G06F13/1684using multiple buses G06F13/1689Synchronisation and timing concerns synchronisation on a memory bus G06F13/4234 G06F13/1694Configuration of memory controller to different memory types G06F13/18based on priority control G06F13/1605 takes precedence G06F13/20for access to input/output bus G06F13/22using successive scanning, e.g. polling G06F13/24 takes precedence G06F13/225with priority control G06F13/24using interrupt G06F13/32 takes precedence G06F13/26with priority control G06F13/28using burst mode transfer, e.g. direct memory access DMA, cycle steal G06F13/32 takes precedence G06F13/282Cycle stealing DMA G06F13/30 takes precedence G06F13/285Halt processor DMA G06F13/30 takes precedence G06F13/287Multiplexed DMA G06F13/30 takes precedence G06F13/30with priority control G06F13/32using combination of interrupt and burst mode transfer G06F13/34with priority control G06F13/36for access to common bus or bus system G06F13/362with centralised access control G06F13/3625using a time dependent access G06F13/364using independent requests or grants, e.g. using separated request and grant lines G06F13/366using a centralised polling arbiter G06F13/368with decentralised access control G06F13/37using a physical-position-dependent priority, e.g. daisy chain, round robin or token passing G06F13/372using a time-dependent priority, e.g. individually loaded time counters or time slot G06F13/374using a self-select method with individual priority code comparator G06F13/376using a contention resolving method, e.g. collision detection, collision avoidance G06F13/378using a parallel poll method G06F13/38Information transfer, e.g. on bus G06F13/14 takes precedence G06F13/382using universal interface adapter G06F13/385for adaptation of a particular data processing system to different peripheral devices G06F13/387for adaptation of different data processing systems to different peripheral devices, e.g. protocol converters for incompatible systems, open system G06F13/40Bus structure for computer networks G06F15/163; for optical bus networks H04B10/25 G06F13/4004Coupling between buses G06F13/4009with data restructuring G06F13/4013with data re-ordering, e.g. Endian conversion G06F13/4018with data-width conversion G06F13/4022using switching circuits, e.g. switching matrix, connection or expansion network G06F13/4009 takes precedence G06F13/4027using bus bridges G06F13/4022 takes precedence G06F13/4031with arbitration G06F13/4036and deadlock prevention G06F13/404with address mapping G06F13/4045where the bus bridge performs an extender function G06F13/405where the bridge performs a synchronising function G06F13/4054where the function is bus cycle extension, e.g. to meet the timing requirements of the target bus G06F13/4059where the synchronisation uses buffers, e.g. for speed matching between buses G06F13/4063Device-to-bus coupling G06F13/4068Electrical coupling G06F13/4072Drivers or receivers G06F13/4086 takes precedence; for multistate logic circuits H03K19/0002 G06F13/4077Precharging or discharging G06F13/4081Live connection to bus, e.g. hot-plugging current or voltage limitation during live insertion H02H9/004 G06F13/4086Bus impedance matching, e.g. termination G06F13/409Mechanical coupling back panels H05K7/1438 G06F13/4095in incremental bus architectures, e.g. bus stacks G06F13/42Bus transfer protocol, e.g. handshakeSynchronisation G06F13/4204on a parallel bus G06F13/4208being a system bus, e.g. VME bus, Futurebus, Multibus G06F13/4213with asynchronous protocol G06F13/4217with synchronous protocol G06F13/4221being an input/output bus, e.g. ISA bus, EISA bus, PCI bus, SCSI bus G06F13/4226with asynchronous protocol G06F13/423with synchronous protocol G06F13/4234being a memory bus G06F13/4239with asynchronous protocol G06F13/4243with synchronous protocol G06F13/4247on a daisy chain bus G06F13/4252using a handshaking protocol G06F13/4256using a clocked protocol G06F13/426using an embedded synchronisation, e.g. Firewire bus, Fibre Channel bus, SSA bus G06F13/4265on a point to point bus G06F13/4247, G06F13/4282 take precedence G06F13/4269using a handshaking protocol, e.g. Centronics connection G06F13/4273using a clocked protocol G06F13/4278using an embedded synchronisation G06F13/4282on a serial bus, e.g. I2C bus, SPI bus on daisy chain buses G06F13/4247 G06F13/4286using a handshaking protocol, e.g. RS232C link G06F13/4291using a clocked protocol G06F13/4295using an embedded synchronisation G06F15/00Digital computers in general details G06F1/00 – G06F13/00Data processing equipment in general G06F15/02manually operated with input through keyboard and computation using a built-in program, e.g. pocket calculators G06F15/0208for combination with other devices having a different main function, e.g. watches, pens G06F15/0216Constructional details or arrangements G06F15/0225User interface arrangements, e.g. keyboard, display; Interfaces to other computer systems G06F15/0233with printing provisions G06F15/0241of the IC-card-like type G06F15/025adapted to a specific application G06F15/0258for unit conversion G06F15/0266for time management, e.g. calendars, diaries G06F15/0275for measuring G06F15/0283for data storage and retrieval G06F15/0291for reading, e.g. e-books constructional details of portable computers G06F1/1613 G06F15/04programmed simultaneously with the introduction of data to be processed, e.g. on the same record carrier G06F15/08using a plugboard for programming G06F15/10Tabulators G06F15/12having provision for both printed and punched output G06F15/14Calculating-punches G06F15/16Combinations of two or more digital computers each having at least an arithmetic unit, a program unit and a register, e.g. for a simultaneous processing of several programs coordinating program control therefor G06F9/52; in regulating and control system G05B G06F15/161Computing infrastructure, e.g. computer clusters, blade chassis or hardware partitioning casings, cabinets, racks or drawers for data centers H05K5/00 G06F15/163Interprocessor communication G06F15/167using a common memory, e.g. mailbox G06F15/17using an input/output type connection, e.g. channel, I/O port G06F15/173using an interconnection network, e.g. matrix, shuffle, pyramid, star, snowflake G06F15/17306Intercommunication techniques G06F15/17312Routing techniques specific to parallel machines, e.g. wormhole, store and forward, shortest path problem congestion routing on a LAN H04L45/00 G06F15/17318Parallel communications techniques, e.g. gather, scatter, reduce, roadcast, multicast, all to all G06F15/17325Synchronisation; Hardware support therefor intertask synchronisation G06F9/52 G06F15/17331Distributed shared memory [DSM], e.g. remote direct memory access [RDMA] G06F15/17337Direct connection machines, e.g. completely connected computers, point to point communication networks coupling between buses G06F13/4004 G06F15/17343wherein the interconnection is dynamically configurable, e.g. having loosely coupled nearest neighbor architecture reconfigurable processors arrays G06F15/7867 G06F15/1735Network adapters, e.g. SCI, Myrinet protocol engines H04L69/12 G06F15/17356Indirect interconnection networks G06F15/17362hierarchical topologies G06F15/17368non hierarchical topologies G06F15/17375One dimensional, e.g. linear array, ring G06F15/17381Two dimensional, e.g. mesh, torus G06F15/17387Three dimensional, e.g. hypercubes G06F15/17393having multistage networks, e.g. broadcasting scattering, gathering, hot spot contention, combining/decombining G06F15/177Initialisation or configuration control processor initialisation G06F9/4405 G06F15/76Architectures of general purpose stored program computers with program plugboard G06F15/08; multicomputers G06F15/16 G06F2015/761Indexing scheme relating to architectures of general purpose stored programme computers G06F2015/763ASIC G06F2015/765Cache G06F2015/766Flash EPROM G06F2015/768Gate array G06F15/78comprising a single central processing unit G06F15/7803System on board, i.e. computer system on one or more PCB, e.g. motherboards, daughterboards or blades G06F15/7807System on chip, i.e. computer system on a single chip; System in package, i.e. computer system on one or more chips in a single package G06F15/781On-chip cache; Off-chip memory G06F15/7814Specially adapted for real time processing, e.g. comprising hardware timers G06F15/7817Specially adapted for signal processing, e.g. Harvard architectures G06F15/7821Tightly coupled to memory, e.g. computational memory, smart memory, processor in memory G06F15/7825Globally asynchronous, locally synchronous, e.g. network on chip G06F15/7828without memory G06F15/7832on one IC chip (single chip microprocessors) G06F15/7835on more than one IC chip G06F15/7839with memory G06F15/7842on one IC chip (single chip microcontrollers) G06F15/7846On-chip cache and off-chip main memory G06F15/785with decentralized control, e.g. smart memories G06F15/7853including a ROM G06F15/7857using interleaved memory addressing G06F12/0607 G06F15/786using a single memory module G06F15/7864on more than one IC chip G06F15/7867with reconfigurable architecture G06F15/7871Reconfiguration support, e.g. configuration loading, configuration switching, or hardware OS G06F15/7875for multiple contexts G06F15/7878for pipeline reconfiguration G06F15/7882for self reconfiguration G06F15/7885Runtime interface, e.g. data exchange, runtime control G06F15/7889Reconfigurable logic implemented as a co-processor instruction execution using a coprocessor G06F9/3877 G06F15/7892Reconfigurable logic embedded in CPU, e.g. reconfigurable unit G06F15/7896Modular architectures, e.g. assembled from a number of identical packages G06F15/80comprising an array of processing units with common control, e.g. single instruction multiple data processors G06F15/82 takes precedence ; for correlation function computation G06F17/15 G06F15/8007single instruction multiple data [SIMD] multiprocessors G06F15/8015One dimensional arrays, e.g. rings, linear arrays, buses G06F15/8023Two dimensional arrays, e.g. mesh, torus G06F15/803Three-dimensional arrays or hypercubes G06F15/8038Associative processors G06F15/8046Systolic arrays G06F15/8053Vector processors G06F15/8061Details on data memory access G06F15/8069using a cache G06F15/8076Details on data register access G06F15/8084Special arrangements thereof, e.g. mask or switch G06F15/8092Array of vector units G06F15/82data or demand driven G06F15/825Dataflow computers G06F16/00Information retrievalDatabase structures thereforFile system structures therefor G06F16/10File systemsFile servers G06F16/11File system administration, e.g. details of archiving or snapshots file system backup G06F11/14 G06F16/113Details of archiving lifecycle management in storage systems G06F3/0649; backup systems G06F11/1446 G06F16/116Details of conversion of file system types or formats G06F16/119Details of migration of file systems migration mechanisms in storage systems G06F3/0647 G06F16/122using management policies backup systems G06F11/1446; file migration policies for HSM systems G06F16/185 G06F16/125characterised by the use of retention policies retention policies for HSM systems G06F16/185 G06F16/128Details of file system snapshots on the file-level, e.g. snapshot creation, administration, deletion use of snapshots for error detection or correction G06F11/14, G06F11/16 G06F16/13File access structures, e.g. distributed indices arrangements of input from, or output to, record carriers G06F3/06 G06F16/134Distributed indices G06F16/137Hash-based content-based indexing of textual data G06F16/31 G06F16/14Details of searching files based on file metadata G06F16/144Query formulation G06F16/148File search processing G06F16/152using file content signatures, e.g. hash values G06F16/156Query results presentation G06F16/16File or folder operations, e.g. details of user interfaces specifically adapted to file systems G06F16/162Delete operations erasing in storage systems G06F3/0652 G06F16/164File meta data generation G06F16/166File name conversion G06F16/168Details of user interfaces specifically adapted to file systems, e.g. browsing and visualisation, 2d or 3d GUIs query results presentation G06F16/156 G06F16/17Details of further file system functions G06F16/172Caching, prefetching or hoarding of files G06F16/1724Details of de-fragmentation performed by the file system saving storage space on storage systems G06F3/0608; management of blocks in storage devices G06F3/064 G06F16/1727Details of free space management performed by the file system saving storage space on storage systems G06F3/0608; management of blocks in storage devices G06F3/064 G06F16/173Customisation support for file systems, e.g. localisation, multi-language support, personalisation G06F16/1734Details of monitoring file system events, e.g. by the use of hooks, filter drivers, logs G06F16/1737for reducing power consumption or coping with limited storage space, e.g. in mobile devices saving storage space on storage devices G06F3/0608; power saving in storage systems G06F3/0625 G06F16/174Redundancy elimination performed by the file system management of the data involved in backup or backup restore using de-duplication of the data G06F11/14 G06F16/1744using compression, e.g. sparse files G06F16/1748De-duplication implemented within the file system, e.g. based on file segments de-duplication techniques in storage systems for the management of data blocks G06F3/0641 G06F16/1752based on file chunks G06F16/1756based on delta files G06F16/176Support for shared access to filesFile sharing support G06F16/1767Concurrency control, e.g. optimistic or pessimistic approaches G06F16/1774Locking methods, e.g. locking methods for file systems allowing shared and concurrent access to files G06F16/178Techniques for file synchronisation in file systems G06F16/1787Details of non-transparently synchronising file systems G06F16/1794Details of file format conversionGroup G06F16/1794 is impacted by reclassification into group G06F16/258.
Groups G06F16/1794 and G06F16/258 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. G06F16/18File system types G06F16/1805Append-only file systems, e.g. using logs or journals to store data G06F16/181providing write once read many [WORM] semantics G06F16/1815Journaling file systems G06F16/182Distributed file systems G06F16/1824implemented using Network-attached Storage [NAS] architecture distributed or networked storage systems G06F3/067; protocols for distributed storage of data in a network H04L67/1097 G06F16/1827Management specifically adapted to NAS management of storage area networks [SAN] G06F3/067 G06F16/183Provision of network file services by network file servers, e.g. by using NFS, CIFS network file access protocols H04L67/1097 G06F16/1834implemented based on peer-to-peer networks, e.g. gnutella p2p communication protocols H04L67/104 G06F16/1837Management specially adapted to peer-to-peer storage networks topology management mechanisms of peer-to-peer networks H04L67/1042 G06F16/184implemented as replicated file system G06F16/1844Management specifically adapted to replicated file systems G06F16/1847specifically adapted to static storage, e.g. adapted to flash memory or SSD G06F16/185Hierarchical storage management [HSM] systems, e.g. file migration or policies thereof details of archiving G06F16/11 G06F16/1858Parallel file systems, i.e. file systems supporting multiple processors G06F16/1865Transactional file systems G06F16/1873Versioning file systems, temporal file systems, e.g. file system supporting different historic versions of files G06F16/188Virtual file systems G06F16/192Implementing virtual folder structures G06F16/196Specific adaptations of the file system to access devices and non-file objects via standard file system access operations, e.g. pseudo file systems dedicated interfaces to storage systems G06F3/0601 G06F16/20of structured data, e.g. relational data G06F16/21Design, administration or maintenance of databases G06F16/211Schema design and management G06F16/212with details for data modelling support G06F16/213with details for schema evolution support G06F16/214Database migration support G06F16/215Improving data qualityData cleansing, e.g. de-duplication, removing invalid entries or correcting typographical errors G06F16/217Database tuning G06F16/2282 takes precedence; database performance monitoring G06F11/3409 G06F16/219Managing data history or versioning querying versioned data G06F16/2474; querying temporal data G06F16/2477 G06F16/22IndexingData structures thereforStorage structures G06F16/221Column-oriented storage; Management thereof G06F16/2219Large Object storage; Management thereof G06F16/2228Indexing structures G06F16/2237Vectors, bitmaps or matrices G06F16/2246Trees, e.g. B+trees G06F16/2255Hash tables G06F16/2264Multidimensional index structures G06F16/2272Management thereof G06F16/2282Tablespace storage structures; Management thereof G06F16/2291User-Defined Types; Storage management thereof G06F16/23UpdatingGroup G06F16/23 is impacted by reclassification into group G06F16/25.
Groups G06F16/23 and G06F16/25 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. G06F16/2308Concurrency control transaction processing G06F9/466Group G06F16/2308 is impacted by reclassification into groups G06F16/2315, G06F16/2322, G06F16/2329, G06F16/2336, and G06F16/2343.
All groups listed in this Warning should be considered in order to perform a complete search. G06F16/2315Optimistic concurrency controlGroups G06F16/2315 - G06F16/2329 are incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group G06F16/2308.
Groups G06F16/2308 and G06F16/2315 - G06F16/2329 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. G06F16/2322using timestamps G06F16/2329using versioning G06F16/2336Pessimistic concurrency control approaches, e.g. locking or multiple versions without time stampsGroups G06F16/2336 and G06F16/2343 are incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group G06F16/2308.
Groups G06F16/2308, G06F16/2336, and G06F16/2343 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. G06F16/2343Locking methods, e.g. distributed locking or locking implementation details G06F16/235Update request formulation G06F16/2358Change logging, detection, and notification replication G06F16/27 G06F16/2365Ensuring data consistency and integrity G06F16/2372Updates performed during offline database operations G06F16/2379Updates performed during online database operations; commit processing G06F16/2386Bulk updating operations data conversion details G06F16/258 G06F16/2393Updating materialised views G06F16/24Querying G06F16/242Query formulation G06F16/2423Interactive query statement specification based on a database schema G06F16/2425Iterative querying; Query formulation based on the results of a preceding query G06F16/2428Query predicate definition using graphical user interfaces, including menus and forms G06F16/2423 takes precedence G06F16/243Natural language query formulation G06F16/2433Query languages G06F16/2435Active constructs G06F16/2438Embedded query languages G06F16/244Grouping and aggregation G06F16/2443Stored procedures G06F16/2445Data retrieval commands; View definitions G06F16/2448for particular applications; for extensibility, e.g. user defined types G06F16/245Query processing G06F16/2452Query translation G06F16/24522Translation of natural language queries to structured queries G06F16/24524Access plan code generation and invalidation; Reuse of access plans G06F16/24526Internal representations for queries G06F16/24528Standardisation; Simplification G06F16/2453Query optimisation G06F16/24532of parallel queries G06F16/24534Query rewriting; Transformation G06F16/24535of sub-queries or views G06F16/24537of operators G06F16/24539using cached or materialised query results G06F16/2454Optimisation of common expressions G06F16/24542Plan optimisation G06F16/24544Join order optimisation G06F16/24545Selectivity estimation or determination G06F16/24547Optimisations to support specific applications; Extensibility of optimisers G06F16/24549Run-time optimisation G06F16/2455Query execution G06F16/24552Database cache management G06F16/24553of query operations G06F16/24554Unary operations; Data partitioning operations G06F16/24556Aggregation; Duplicate elimination G06F16/24557Efficient disk access during query execution G06F16/24558Binary matching operations G06F16/2456Join operations G06F16/24561Intermediate data storage techniques for performance improvement G06F16/24562Pointer or reference processing operations G06F16/24564Applying rules; Deductive queries G06F16/24565Triggers; Constraints G06F16/24566Recursive queries G06F16/24568Data stream processing; Continuous queries G06F16/24569Query processing with adaptation to specific hardware, e.g. adapted for using GPUs or SSDs G06F16/2457with adaptation to user needs G06F16/24573using data annotations, e.g. user-defined metadata G06F16/24575using context G06F16/24578using ranking G06F16/2458Special types of queries, e.g. statistical queries, fuzzy queries or distributed queries G06F16/2462Approximate or statistical queries G06F16/2465Query processing support for facilitating data mining operations in structured databases G06F16/2468Fuzzy queries G06F16/2471Distributed queries G06F16/2474Sequence data queries, e.g. querying versioned data G06F16/2477Temporal data queries G06F16/248Presentation of query results G06F16/25Integrating or interfacing systems involving database management systemsGroup G06F16/25 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group G06F16/23.
Groups G06F16/23 and G06F16/25 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. G06F16/252between a Database Management System and a front-end application G06F16/254Extract, transform and load [ETL] procedures, e.g. ETL data flows in data warehouses G06F16/256in federated or virtual databases G06F16/258Data format conversion from or to a databaseGroups G06F16/258 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group G06F16/1794.
Groups G06F16/1794 and G06F16/258 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. G06F16/26Visual data miningBrowsing structured data G06F16/27Replication, distribution or synchronisation of data between databases or within a distributed database systemDistributed database system architectures thereforGroup G06F16/27 is impacted by reclassification into groups G06F16/273, G06F16/275, and G06F16/278.
All groups listed in this Warning should be considered in order to perform a complete search. G06F16/273Asynchronous replication or reconciliationGroups G06F16/273 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group G06F16/27.
Groups G06F16/27 and G06F16/273 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. G06F16/275Synchronous replicationGroups G06F16/275 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group G06F16/27.
Groups G06F16/27 and G06F16/275 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. G06F16/278Data partitioning, e.g. horizontal or vertical partitioningGroups G06F16/278 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group G06F16/27.
Groups G06F16/27 and G06F16/278 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. G06F16/28Databases characterised by their database models, e.g. relational or object models G06F16/282Hierarchical databases, e.g. IMS, LDAP data stores or Lotus Notes G06F16/283Multi-dimensional databases or data warehouses, e.g. MOLAP or ROLAP G06F16/284Relational databases G06F16/285Clustering or classification G06F16/287Visualization; Browsing G06F16/288Entity relationship models G06F16/289Object oriented databases G06F16/29Geographical information databases G06F16/30of unstructured textual data document management systems G06F16/93In groups G06F16/30, G06F16/31, G06F16/313, G06F16/316, G06F16/319, G06F16/322, G06F16/325, G06F16/328, G06F16/33, G06F16/332, G06F16/3322, G06F16/3323, G06F16/3325, G06F16/3326, G06F16/3328, G06F16/3329, G06F16/3331, G06F16/3332, G06F16/3334, G06F16/3335, G06F16/3337, G06F16/3338, G06F16/334, G06F16/3341, G06F16/3343, G06F16/3344, G06F16/3346, G06F16/3347, G06F16/3349, G06F16/335, G06F16/337, G06F16/338, G06F16/34, G06F16/345, G06F16/35, G06F16/353, G06F16/355, G06F16/358, G06F16/36, G06F16/367 and G06F16/374, subject matter relevant to retrieval characterised by using metadata, when it is determined to be novel and non-obvious, must also be classified in groups G06F16/38, G06F16/381, G06F16/382, G06F16/383, and G06F16/387. G06F16/31IndexingData structures thereforStorage structures G06F16/313Selection or weighting of terms for indexing G06F16/316Indexing structures G06F16/319Inverted lists G06F16/322Trees G06F16/325Hash tables G06F16/328Management therefor G06F16/33Querying G06F16/332Query formulation G06F16/3322using system suggestions G06F16/3325 takes precedence G06F16/3323using document space presentation or visualization, e.g. category, hierarchy or range presentation and selection G06F16/3325Reformulation based on results of preceding query G06F16/3326using relevance feedback from the user, e.g. relevance feedback on documents, documents sets, document terms or passages G06F16/3328using graphical result space presentation or visualisation G06F16/3329Natural language query formulation or dialogue systems G06F16/3331Query processing G06F16/3332Query translation G06F16/3334Selection or weighting of terms from queries, including natural language queries G06F16/3335Syntactic pre-processing, e.g. stopword elimination, stemming G06F16/3337Translation of the query language, e.g. Chinese to English G06F16/3338Query expansion G06F16/334Query execution G06F16/335 takes precedence G06F16/3341using boolean model G06F16/3343using phonetics G06F16/3344using natural language analysis G06F16/3346using probabilistic model G06F16/3347using vector based model G06F16/3349Reuse of stored results of previous queries G06F16/335Filtering based on additional data, e.g. user or group profiles filtering in web context G06F16/9535, G06F16/9536 G06F16/337Profile generation, learning or modification G06F16/338Presentation of query results G06F16/34BrowsingVisualisation therefor G06F16/345Summarisation for human users G06F16/35ClusteringClassification G06F16/353into predefined classes G06F16/355Class or cluster creation or modification G06F16/358Browsing; Visualisation therefor G06F16/36Creation of semantic tools, e.g. ontology or thesauri G06F16/367Ontology G06F16/374Thesaurus G06F16/38Retrieval characterised by using metadata, e.g. metadata not derived from the content or metadata generated manuallyGroup G06F16/38 is impacted by reclassification into groups G06F16/383 and G06F16/387.
All groups listed in this Warning should be considered in order to perform a complete search. G06F16/381using identifiers, e.g. barcodes, RFIDs for URLs G06F16/9554 G06F16/382using citations hypermedia G06F16/94 G06F16/383using metadata automatically derived from the contentGroup G06F16/383 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group G06F16/38.
Groups G06F16/38 and G06F16/383  should be considered in order to perform a complete search. G06F16/387using geographical or spatial information, e.g. locationGroup G06F16/387 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group G06F16/38.
Groups G06F16/38 and G06F16/387 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. G06F16/40of multimedia data, e.g. slideshows comprising image and additional audio data retrieval of still image data G06F16/50; retrieval of audio data G06F16/60; retrieval of video data G06F16/70In groups G06F16/40, G06F16/41, G06F16/43, G06F16/432, G06F16/433, G06F16/434, G06F16/435, G06F16/436, G06F16/437, G06F16/438, G06F16/4387, G06F16/4393, G06F16/44, G06F16/444, G06F16/447 and G06F16/45, subject matter relevant to retrieval characterised by using metadata, when it is determined to be novel and non-obvious, must also be classified in groups G06F16/48, G06F16/483, G06F16/487 and G06F16/489.Group G06F16/40 is impacted by reclassification into groups G06F16/45, G06F16/48, G06F16/483, G06F16/487, and G06F16/489.
All groups listed in this Warning should be considered in order to perform a complete search. G06F16/41IndexingData structures thereforStorage structures G06F16/43QueryingGroup G06F16/43 is impacted by reclassification into groups G06F16/432, G06F16/48, G06F16/483, G06F16/487, and G06F16/489.
All groups listed in this Warning should be considered in order to perform a complete search. G06F16/432Query formulationGroup G06F16/432 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group G06F16/43.
Groups G06F16/43 and G06F16/432 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. G06F16/433using audio data G06F16/434using image data, e.g. images, photos, pictures taken by a user G06F16/435Filtering based on additional data, e.g. user or group profiles G06F16/436using biological or physiological data of a human being, e.g. blood pressure, facial expression, gestures G06F16/437Administration of user profiles, e.g. generation, initialisation, adaptation, distribution G06F16/438Presentation of query results G06F16/4387by the use of playlists G06F16/4393Multimedia presentations, e.g. slide shows, multimedia albums G06F16/44BrowsingVisualisation therefor G06F16/444Spatial browsing, e.g. 2D maps, 3D or virtual spaces G06F16/447Temporal browsing, e.g. timeline G06F16/45ClusteringClassificationGroup G06F16/45 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group G06F16/40.
Groups G06F16/40 and G06F16/45 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. G06F16/48Retrieval characterised by using metadata, e.g. metadata not derived from the content or metadata generated manuallyGroup G06F16/48 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from groups G06F16/40 and G06F16/43.
Groups G06F16/40, G06F16/43, and G06F16/48 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. G06F16/483using metadata automatically derived from the contentGroup G06F16/483 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from groups G06F16/40 and G06F16/43.
Groups G06F16/40, G06F16/43, and G06F16/483 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. G06F16/487using geographical or spatial information, e.g. locationGroup G06F16/487 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from groups G06F16/40 and G06F16/43.
Groups G06F16/40, G06F16/43, and G06F16/487 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. G06F16/489using time informationGroup G06F16/489 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from groups G06F16/40 and G06F16/43.
Groups G06F16/40, G06F16/43, and G06F16/489 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. G06F16/50of still image dataIn groups G06F16/50, G06F16/51, G06F16/53, G06F16/532, G06F16/535, G06F16/538, G06F16/54, G06F16/55 and G06F16/56, subject matter relevant to retrieval characterised by using metadata, when it is determined to be novel and non-obvious, must also be classified in groups G06F16/58, G06F16/583, G06F16/5838, G06F16/5846, G06F16/5854, G06F16/5862 and G06F16/587.Group G06F16/50 is impacted by reclassification into groups G06F16/53, G06F16/532, G06F16/535, G06F16/538, and G06F16/55.
All groups listed in this Warning should be considered in order to perform a complete search. G06F16/51IndexingData structures thereforStorage structures G06F16/53QueryingGroup G06F16/53 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group G06F16/50.
Groups G06F16/50 and G06F16/53 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. G06F16/532Query formulation, e.g. graphical queryingGroup G06F16/532 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group G06F16/50.
Groups G06F16/50 and G06F16/532 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. G06F16/535Filtering based on additional data, e.g. user or group profilesGroup G06F16/535 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group G06F16/50.
Groups G06F16/50 and G06F16/535 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. G06F16/538Presentation of query resultsGroup G06F16/538 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group G06F16/50.
Groups G06F16/50 and G06F16/538 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. G06F16/54BrowsingVisualisation therefor G06F16/55ClusteringClassificationGroup G06F16/55 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group G06F16/50.
Groups G06F16/50 and G06F16/55 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. G06F16/56having vectorial format G06F16/58Retrieval characterised by using metadata, e.g. metadata not derived from the content or metadata generated manuallyGroup G06F16/58 is impacted by reclassification into group G06F16/587.
Groups G06F16/58 and G06F16/587 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. G06F16/583using metadata automatically derived from the content G06F16/5838using colourGroup G06F16/5838 is impacted by reclassification into groups G06F16/5846, G06F16/5854, and G06F16/5862.
All groups listed in this Warning should be considered in order to perform a complete search. G06F16/5846using extracted textGroup G06F16/5846 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group G06F16/5838.
Groups G06F16/5838 and G06F16/5846 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. G06F16/5854using shape and object relationshipGroup G06F16/5854 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group G06F16/5838.
Groups G06F16/5838 and G06F16/5854 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. G06F16/5862using textureGroup G06F16/5862 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group G06F16/5838.
Groups G06F16/5838 and G06F16/5862 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. G06F16/5866using information manually generated, e.g. tags, keywords, comments, manually generated location and time informationGroup G06F16/5866 is impacted by reclassification into group G06F16/587.
Groups G06F16/5866 and G06F16/587 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. G06F16/587using geographical or spatial information, e.g. locationGroup G06F16/587 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from groups G06F16/58 and G06F16/5866.
Groups G06F16/58, G06F16/5866, and G06F16/587 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. G06F16/60of audio dataIn groups G06F16/60, G06F16/61, G06F16/63, G06F16/632, G06F16/634, G06F16/635, G06F16/636, G06F16/637, G06F16/638, G06F16/639, G06F16/64, and G06F16/65, subject matter relevant to retrieval characterised by using metadata, when it is determined to be novel and non-obvious, must also be classified in groups G06F16/68, G06F16/683, G06F16/685, G06F16/686 and G06F16/687.Group G06F16/60 is impacted by reclassification into groups G06F16/63 and G06F16/65.
Groups G06F16/60, G06F16/63, and G06F16/65 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. G06F16/61IndexingData structures thereforStorage structures G06F16/63QueryingGroup G06F16/63 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group G06F16/60.
Groups G06F16/60 and G06F16/63 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. G06F16/632Query formulation G06F16/634Query by example, e.g. query by humming G06F16/635Filtering based on additional data, e.g. user or group profiles G06F16/636by using biological or physiological data G06F16/637Administration of user profiles, e.g. generation, initialization, adaptation or distribution G06F16/638Presentation of query results G06F16/639using playlists G06F16/64BrowsingVisualisation therefor generation of a list or set of audio data G06F16/638 G06F16/65ClusteringClassificationGroup G06F16/65 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group G06F16/60.
Groups G06F16/60 and G06F16/65 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. G06F16/68Retrieval characterised by using metadata, e.g. metadata not derived from the content or metadata generated manuallyGroup G06F16/68 is impacted by reclassification into group G06F16/687.
Groups G06F16/68 and G06F16/687 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. G06F16/683using metadata automatically derived from the content G06F16/685using automatically derived transcript of audio data, e.g. lyrics speech recognition G10L15/00 G06F16/686using information manually generated, e.g. tags, keywords, comments, title or artist information, time, location or usage information, user ratingsGroup G06F16/686 is impacted by reclassification into group G06F16/687.
Groups G06F16/686 and G06F16/687 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. G06F16/687using geographical or spatial information, e.g. locationGroup G06F16/687 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from groups G06F16/68 and G06F16/686.
Groups G06F16/68, G06F16/686, and G06F16/687 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. G06F16/70of video dataIn groups G06F16/70, G06F16/71, G06F16/73, G06F16/732, G06F16/7328, G06F16/7335, G06F16/7343, G06F16/735, G06F16/738, G06F16/739, G06F16/74, G06F16/743, G06F16/745, G06F16/78 and G06F16/75, subject matter relevant to retrieval characterised by using metadata, when it is determined to be novel and non-obvious, must also be classified in groups G06F16/78, G06F16/783, G06F16/7834, G06F16/7837, G06F16/784, G06F16/7844, G06F16/7847, G06F16/785, G06F16/7854, G06F16/7857, G06F16/786, G06F16/7864, G06F16/7867 and G06F16/787.Group G06F16/70 is impacted by reclassification into group G06F16/75.
Groups G06F16/70 and G06F16/75 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. G06F16/71IndexingData structures thereforStorage structures G06F16/73QueryingGroup G06F16/73 is impacted by reclassification into group G06F16/732.
Groups G06F16/73 and G06F16/732 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. G06F16/732Query formulationGroup G06F16/732 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group G06F16/73.
Groups G06F16/73 and G06F16/732 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. G06F16/7328Query by example, e.g. a complete video frame or video sequence graphical querying G06F16/7335 G06F16/7335Graphical querying, e.g. query-by-region, query-by-sketch, query-by-trajectory, GUIs for designating a person/face/object as a query predicate end-user interface involving hot spots associated with the video H04N21/4725; end-user interface for selecting a Region of Interest H04N21/4728 G06F16/7343Query language or query format G06F16/735Filtering based on additional data, e.g. user or group profiles G06F16/738Presentation of query results G06F16/739in form of a video summary, e.g. the video summary being a video sequence, a composite still image or having synthesized frames G06F16/74BrowsingVisualisation therefor end-user interfaces for requesting or interacting with video content, e.g. video on demand interfaces or electronic program guides, H04N21/472 G06F16/743a collection of video files or sequences G06F16/745the internal structure of a single video sequence G06F16/748Hypervideo linking data to content, e.g. by linking an URL to a video object in the context of video distribution systems H04N21/858 G06F16/75ClusteringClassificationGroup G06F16/75 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group G06F16/70.
Groups G06F16/70 and G06F16/75 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. G06F16/78Retrieval characterised by using metadata, e.g. metadata not derived from the content or metadata generated manuallyGroup G06F16/78 is impacted by reclassification into group G06F16/787.
Groups G06F16/78 and G06F16/787 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. G06F16/783using metadata automatically derived from the content G06F16/7834using audio features G06F16/7837using objects detected or recognised in the video content G06F16/784the detected or recognised objects being people G06F16/7844using original textual content or text extracted from visual content or transcript of audio data G06F16/7847using low-level visual features of the video content G06F16/785using colour or luminescence G06F16/7854using shape G06F16/7837 takes precedence G06F16/7857using texture G06F16/7837 takes precedence G06F16/786using motion, e.g. object motion or camera motion G06F16/7864using domain-transform features, e.g. DCT or wavelet transform coefficients G06F16/7867using information manually generated, e.g. tags, keywords, comments, title and artist information, manually generated time, location and usage information, user ratingsGroup G06F16/7867 is impacted by reclassification into group G06F16/787.
Groups G06F16/7867 and G06F16/787 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. G06F16/787using geographical or spatial information, e.g. locationGroup G06F16/787 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from groups G06F16/78 and G06F16/7867.
Groups G06F16/78, G06F16/7867, and G06F16/787 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. G06F16/80of semi-structured data, e.g. markup language structured data such as SGML, XML or HTML content-based retrieval of web data G06F16/95 G06F16/81Indexing, e.g. XML tagsData structures thereforStorage structuresGroup G06F16/81 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group G06F16/83.
Groups G06F16/83 and G06F16/81 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. G06F16/83QueryingGroup G06F16/83 is impacted by reclassification into groups G06F16/81 and G06F16/835.
Groups G06F16/83, G06F16/81, and G06F16/835 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. G06F16/832Query formulation G06F16/835Query processingGroup G06F16/835 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group G06F16/83.
Groups G06F16/83 and G06F16/835 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. G06F16/8358Query translation G06F16/8365Query optimisation G06F16/8373Query execution G06F16/838Presentation of query results G06F16/84MappingConversion G06F16/86Mapping to a database G06F16/88Mark-up to mark-up conversion conversion for visualization in web browsing G06F16/9577 G06F16/90Details of database functions independent of the retrieved data typesIn groups G06F16/90, G06F16/901, G06F16/9014, G06F16/9017, G06F16/902, G06F16/9024, G06F16/9027, G06F16/903, G06F16/9032, G06F16/90324, G06F16/90328, G06F16/90332, G06F16/90335, G06F16/90339, G06F16/90344, G06F16/90348, G06F16/9035, G06F16/9038, G06F16/904, and G06F16/906, subject matter relevant to retrieval characterised by using metadata, when it is determined to be novel and non-obvious, must also be classified in groups G06F16/907, G06F16/907, and G06F16/909.Group G06F16/90 is impacted by reclassification into group G06F16/906.
Groups G06F16/90 and G06F16/906 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. G06F16/901IndexingData structures thereforStorage structures for retrieval from the web G06F16/951 G06F16/9014hash tables G06F16/9017using directory or table look-up use of a directory or look-up table in file systems G06F16/13 G06F16/902using more than one table in sequence, i.e. systems with three or more layers G06F16/9024Graphs; Linked lists G06F16/9027 takes precedence G06F16/9027Trees G06F16/903Querying for retrieval from the web G06F16/953Group G06F16/903 is impacted by reclassification into group G06F16/9035.
Groups G06F16/903 and G06F16/9035 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. G06F16/9032Query formulation G06F16/90324using system suggestions G06F16/90328using search space presentation or visualization, e.g. category or range presentation and selection G06F16/90332Natural language query formulation or dialogue systems G06F16/90335Query processing G06F16/90339by using parallel associative memories or content-addressable memories G06F16/90344by using string matching techniques G06F16/90348by searching ordered data, e.g. alpha-numerically ordered data G06F16/9035Filtering based on additional data, e.g. user or group profilesGroup G06F16/9035 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group G06F16/903.
Groups G06F16/903 and G06F16/9035 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. G06F16/9038Presentation of query results G06F16/904BrowsingVisualisation therefor for navigating the web G06F16/954; browsing optimisation for the web G06F16/957 G06F16/906ClusteringClassificationGroup G06F16/906 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group G06F16/90.
Groups G06F16/90 and G06F16/906 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. G06F16/907Retrieval characterised by using metadata, e.g. metadata not derived from the content or metadata generated manuallyGroup G06F16/907 is impacted by reclassification into groups G06F16/908 and G06F16/909.
Groups G06F16/907, G06F16/908, and G06F16/909 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. G06F16/908using metadata automatically derived from the contentGroup G06F16/908 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group G06F16/907.
Groups G06F16/907 and G06F16/908 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. G06F16/909using geographical or spatial information, e.g. location spatiotemporally dependent retrieval from the web G06F16/9537Group G06F16/909 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group G06F16/907.
Groups G06F16/907 and G06F16/909 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. G06F16/93Document management systems G06F16/94Hyperlinking G06F40/134 G06F16/95Retrieval from the web G06F16/951IndexingWeb crawling techniquesGroup G06F16/951 is impacted by reclassification into groups G06F16/953, G06F16/9532 and G06F16/9538.
All groups listed in this Warning should be considered in order to perform a complete search. G06F16/953Querying, e.g. by the use of web search enginesGroup G06F16/953 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group G06F16/951.
Groups G06F16/951 and G06F16/953 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. G06F16/9532Query formulationGroup G06F16/9532 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group G06F16/951.
Groups G06F16/951 and G06F16/9532 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. G06F16/9535Search customisation based on user profiles and personalisationGroup G06F16/9535 is impacted by reclassification into groups G06F16/9536 and G06F16/9538.
Groups G06F16/9535, G06F16/9536, and G06F16/9538 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. G06F16/9536Search customisation based on social or collaborative filteringGroup G06F16/9536 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group G06F16/9535.
Groups G06F16/9535 and G06F16/9536 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. G06F16/9537Spatial or temporal dependent retrieval, e.g. spatiotemporal queries G06F16/9538Presentation of query resultsGroup G06F16/9538 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from groups G06F16/951 and G06F16/9535.
Groups G06F16/951, G06F16/9535, and G06F16/9538 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. G06F16/954Navigation, e.g. using categorised browsing G06F16/955using information identifiers, e.g. uniform resource locators [URL] G06F16/9554by using bar codes G06F16/9558Details of hyperlinks; Management of linked annotations G06F16/9562Bookmark management G06F16/9566URL specific, e.g. using aliases, detecting broken or misspelled links G06F16/957Browsing optimisation, e.g. caching or content distillation G06F16/9574of access to content, e.g. by caching G06F16/9577Optimising the visualization of content, e.g. distillation of HTML documents G06F16/958Organisation or management of web site content, e.g. publishing, maintaining pages or automatic linking G06F16/972Access to data in other repository systems, e.g. legacy data or dynamic Web page generation G06F16/986Document structures and storage, e.g. HTML extensions G06F17/00Digital computing or data processing equipment or methods, specially adapted for specific functions information retrieval, database structures or file system structures therefor G06F16/00 G06F17/10Complex mathematical operations function generation by table look-up G06F1/03; evaluation of elementary functions by calculation G06F7/544 G06F17/11for solving equations , e.g. nonlinear equations, general mathematical optimization problems optimization specially adapted for a specific administrative, business or logistic context G06Q10/04 G06F17/12Simultaneous equations , e.g. systems of linear equations G06F17/13Differential equations using digital differential analysers G06F7/64 G06F17/14Fourier, Walsh or analogous domain transformations , e.g. Laplace, Hilbert, Karhunen-Loeve, transforms for correlation function computation G06F17/156; spectrum analysers G01R23/16 G06F17/141Discrete Fourier transforms G06F17/142Fast Fourier transforms, e.g. using a Cooley-Tukey type algorithm G06F17/144Prime factor Fourier transforms, e.g. Winograd transforms, number theoretic transforms G06F17/145Square transforms, e.g. Hadamard, Walsh, Haar, Hough, Slant transforms G06F17/147Discrete orthonormal transforms, e.g. discrete cosine transform, discrete sine transform, and variations therefrom, e.g. modified discrete cosine transform, integer transforms approximating the discrete cosine transform G06F17/145 takes precedence G06F17/148Wavelet transforms G06F17/15Correlation function computation including computation of convolution operations arithmetic circuits for sum of products per se, e.g. multiply-accumulators G06F7/5443; digital filters, e.g. FIR, IIR, adaptive filters H03H17/00 G06F17/153Multidimensional correlation or convolution G06F17/156using a domain transform, e.g. Fourier transform, polynomial transform, number theoretic transform G06F17/16Matrix or vector computation , e.g. matrix-matrix or matrix-vector multiplication, matrix factorization matrix transposition G06F7/78 G06F17/17Function evaluation by approximation methods, e.g. inter- or extrapolation, smoothing, least mean square method G06F17/18 takes precedence ; interpolation for numerical control G05B19/18 G06F17/175of multidimensional data G06F17/18for evaluating statistical data , e.g. average values, frequency distributions, probability functions, regression analysis forecasting specially adapted for a specific administrative, business or logistic context G06Q10/04 G06F17/40Data acquisition and logging for input to computer G06F3/00 G06F18/00Pattern recognitionGroup G06F18/00 is impacted by reclassification into groups G06F18/20, G06F18/26, G06F18/27 and G06F18/30.
All groups listed in this Warning should be considered in order to perform a complete search. G06F18/10Pre-processingData cleansingGroup G06F18/10 is impacted by reclassification into group G06F18/15.
Groups G06F18/10 and G06F18/15 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. G06F18/15Statistical pre-processing, e.g. techniques for normalisation or restoring missing dataGroup G06F18/15 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group G06F18/10.
Groups G06F18/10 and G06F18/15 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. G06F18/20AnalysingGroups G06F18/20, G06F18/26 and G06F18/27 are incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group G06F18/00.
All groups listed in this Warning should be considered in order to perform a complete search. G06F18/21Design or setup of recognition systems or techniquesExtraction of features in feature spaceBlind source separation G06F18/211Selection of the most significant subset of features G06F18/2111by using evolutionary computational techniques, e.g. genetic algorithms G06F18/2113by ranking or filtering the set of features, e.g. using a measure of variance or of feature cross-correlation G06F18/2115by evaluating different subsets according to an optimisation criterion, e.g. class separability, forward selection or backward elimination G06F18/213Feature extraction, e.g. by transforming the feature spaceSummarisationMappings, e.g. subspace methodsGroup G06F18/213 is impacted by reclassification into group G06F18/2131.
Groups G06F18/213 and G06F18/2131 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. G06F18/2131based on a transform domain processing, e.g. wavelet transformGroup G06F18/2131 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group G06F18/213.
Groups G06F18/213 and G06F18/2131 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. G06F18/2132based on discrimination criteria, e.g. discriminant analysisGroup G06F18/2132 is impacted by reclassification into groups G06F18/2325 and G06F18/2337.
Groups G06F18/2132, G06F18/2325 and G06F18/2337 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. G06F18/21322Rendering the within-class scatter matrix non-singular G06F18/21324involving projections, e.g. Fisherface techniques G06F18/21326involving optimisations, e.g. using regularisation techniques G06F18/21328involving subspace restrictions, e.g. nullspace techniques G06F18/2133based on naturality criteria, e.g. with non-negative factorisation or negative correlation G06F18/2134based on separation criteria, e.g. independent component analysis G06F18/21342using statistical independence, i.e. minimising mutual information or maximising non-gaussianity G06F18/21343using decorrelation or non-stationarity, e.g. minimising lagged cross-correlations G06F18/21345enforcing sparsity or involving a domain transformation G06F18/21347using domain transformations G06F18/21348overcoming non-stationarity or permutations G06F18/2135based on approximation criteria, e.g. principal component analysis G06F18/21355nonlinear criteria, e.g. embedding a manifold in a Euclidean space G06F18/2136based on sparsity criteria, e.g. with an overcomplete basis G06F18/2137based on criteria of topology preservation, e.g. multidimensional scaling or self-organising maps G06F18/21375involving differential geometry, e.g. embedding of pattern manifold G06F18/214Generating training patternsBootstrap methods, e.g. bagging or boosting G06F18/2148characterised by the process organisation or structure, e.g. boosting cascade G06F18/2155characterised by the incorporation of unlabelled data, e.g. multiple instance learning [MIL], semi-supervised techniques using expectation-maximisation [EM] or naïve labelling G06F18/2163Partitioning the feature space G06F18/217Validation; Performance evaluation; Active pattern learning techniques G06F18/2178based on feedback of a supervisor G06F18/2185the supervisor being an automated module, e.g. intelligent oracle G06F18/2193based on specific statistical tests G06F18/22Matching criteria, e.g. proximity measures G06F18/23Clustering techniques G06F18/231Hierarchical techniques, i.e. dividing or merging pattern sets so as to obtain a dendrogram G06F18/232Non-hierarchical techniquesGroup G06F18/232 is impacted by reclassification into groups G06F18/2325 and G06F18/2337.
Groups G06F18/232, G06F18/2325 and G06F18/2337 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. G06F18/2321using statistics or function optimisation, e.g. modelling of probability density functions G06F18/23211with adaptive number of clusters G06F18/23213with fixed number of clusters, e.g. K-means clustering G06F18/2323based on graph theory, e.g. minimum spanning trees [MST] or graph cuts G06F18/2325using vector quantisationGroup G06F18/2325 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group G06F18/232.
Groups G06F18/232 and G06F18/2325 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. G06F18/2337using fuzzy logic, i.e. fuzzy clusteringGroup G06F18/2337 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group G06F18/232.
Groups G06F18/232 and G06F18/2337 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. G06F18/24Classification techniques G06F18/241relating to the classification model, e.g. parametric or non-parametric approaches G06F18/2411based on the proximity to a decision surface, e.g. support vector machines G06F18/2413based on distances to training or reference patterns G06F18/24133Distances to prototypes G06F18/24137Distances to cluster centroïds G06F18/2414Smoothing the distance, e.g. radial basis function networks [RBFN] G06F18/24143Distances to neighbourhood prototypes, e.g. restricted Coulomb energy networks [RCEN] G06F18/24147Distances to closest patterns, e.g. nearest neighbour classification G06F18/2415based on parametric or probabilistic models, e.g. based on likelihood ratio or false acceptance rate versus a false rejection rate G06F18/24155Bayesian classification G06F18/243relating to the number of classes G06F18/2431Multiple classes G06F18/24317Piecewise classification, i.e. whereby each classification requires several discriminant rules G06F18/24323Tree-organised classifiers G06F18/2433Single-class perspective, e.g. one-against-all classificationNovelty detectionOutlier detection G06F18/245relating to the decision surface G06F18/2451linear, e.g. hyperplane G06F18/2453non-linear, e.g. polynomial classifier G06F18/24765Rule-based classification G06F18/25Fusion techniques G06F18/251of input or preprocessed data G06F18/253of extracted features G06F18/254of classification results, e.g. of results related to same input data G06F18/256of results relating to different input data, e.g. multimodal recognition G06F18/257Belief theory, e.g. Dempster-Shafer G06F18/259Fusion by voting G06F18/26Discovering frequent patterns G06F18/27Regression, e.g. linear or logistic regression G06F18/28Determining representative reference patterns, e.g. by averaging or distortingGenerating dictionaries G06F18/285Selection of pattern recognition techniques, e.g. of classifiers in a multi-classifier system G06F18/29Graphical models, e.g. Bayesian networks G06F18/295Markov models or related models, e.g. semi-Markov models; Markov random fields; Networks embedding Markov models G06F18/30Post-processingGroup G06F18/30 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group G06F18/00.
Groups G06F18/00 and G06F18/30 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. G06F18/40Software arrangements specially adapted for pattern recognition, e.g. user interfaces or toolboxes therefor G06F18/41Interactive pattern learning with a human teacher G06F21/00Security arrangements for protecting computers, components thereof, programs or data against unauthorised activity G06F21/10Protecting distributed programs or content, e.g. vending or licensing of copyrighted material G06F21/105Tools for software license management or administration, e.g. managing licenses at corporate level G06F21/12Protecting executable software G06F21/121Restricting unauthorised execution of programs G06F21/123by using dedicated hardware, e.g. dongles, smart cards, cryptographic processors, global positioning systems [GPS] devices G06F21/125by manipulating the program code, e.g. source code, compiled code, interpreted code, machine code G06F21/126Interacting with the operating system G06F21/128involving web programs, i.e. using technology especially used in internet, generally interacting with a web browser, e.g. hypertext markup language [HTML], applets, java G06F21/14against software analysis or reverse engineering, e.g. by obfuscation G06F21/16Program or content traceability, e.g. by watermarking G06F21/30Authentication, i.e. establishing the identity or authorisation of security principals G06F21/305by remotely controlling device operation G06F21/31User authentication G06F21/313using a call-back technique via a telephone network G06F21/316by observing the pattern of computer usage, e.g. typical user behaviour G06F21/32using biometric data, e.g. fingerprints, iris scans or voiceprints G06F21/33using certificates G06F21/335for accessing specific resources, e.g. using Kerberos tickets G06F21/34involving the use of external additional devices, e.g. dongles or smart cards G06F21/35communicating wirelessly G06F21/36by graphic or iconic representation G06F21/40by quorum, i.e. whereby two or more security principals are required G06F21/41where a single sign-on provides access to a plurality of computers G06F21/42using separate channels for security data G06F21/43wireless channels G06F21/44Program or device authentication G06F21/445by mutual authentication, e.g. between devices or programs G06F21/45Structures or tools for the administration of authentication G06F21/46by designing passwords or checking the strength of passwords G06F21/50Monitoring users, programs or devices to maintain the integrity of platforms, e.g. of processors, firmware or operating systems G06F21/51at application loading time, e.g. accepting, rejecting, starting or inhibiting executable software based on integrity or source reliability G06F21/52during program execution, e.g. stack integrity ; Preventing unwanted data erasure; Buffer overflow G06F21/53by executing in a restricted environment, e.g. sandbox or secure virtual machine G06F21/54by adding security routines or objects to programs G06F21/55Detecting local intrusion or implementing counter-measures G06F21/552involving long-term monitoring or reporting G06F21/554involving event detection and direct action G06F21/556involving covert channels, i.e. data leakage between processes inhibiting the analysis of circuitry or operation with measures against power attack G06F21/755 G06F21/56Computer malware detection or handling, e.g. anti-virus arrangements G06F21/561Virus type analysis G06F21/562Static detection G06F21/563by source code analysis G06F21/564by virus signature recognition G06F21/565by checking file integrity G06F21/566Dynamic detection, i.e. detection performed at run-time, e.g. emulation, suspicious activities G06F21/567using dedicated hardware G06F21/568eliminating virus, restoring damaged files G06F21/57Certifying or maintaining trusted computer platforms, e.g. secure boots or power-downs, version controls, system software checks, secure updates or assessing vulnerabilities G06F21/572Secure firmware programming, e.g. of basic input output system [BIOS] G06F21/575Secure boot G06F21/577Assessing vulnerabilities and evaluating computer system security G06F21/60Protecting data G06F21/602Providing cryptographic facilities or services G06F21/604Tools and structures for managing or administering access control systems G06F21/606by securing the transmission between two devices or processes G06F21/608Secure printing G06F21/62Protecting access to data via a platform, e.g. using keys or access control rules G06F21/6209to a single file or object, e.g. in a secure envelope, encrypted and accessed using a key, or with access control rules appended to the object itself G06F21/6218to a system of files or objects, e.g. local or distributed file system or database G06F21/6227where protection concerns the structure of data, e.g. records, types, queries G06F21/6236between heterogeneous systems G06F21/6245Protecting personal data, e.g. for financial or medical purposes G06F21/6254by anonymising data, e.g. decorrelating personal data from the owner's identification G06F21/6263during internet communication, e.g. revealing personal data from cookies G06F21/6272by registering files or documents with a third party G06F21/6281at program execution time, where the protection is within the operating system G06F21/629to features or functions of an application G06F21/64Protecting data integrity, e.g. using checksums, certificates or signatures G06F21/645using a third party G06F21/70Protecting specific internal or peripheral components, in which the protection of a component leads to protection of the entire computer G06F21/71to assure secure computing or processing of information G06F21/72in cryptographic circuits G06F21/725operating on a secure reference time value G06F21/73by creating or determining hardware identification, e.g. serial numbers G06F21/74operating in dual or compartmented mode, i.e. at least one secure mode G06F21/75by inhibiting the analysis of circuitry or operation G06F21/755with measures against power attack G06F21/76in application-specific integrated circuits [ASIC] or field-programmable devices, e.g. field-programmable gate arrays [FPGA] or programmable logic devices [PLD] G06F21/77in smart cards G06F21/78to assure secure storage of data address-based protection against unauthorised use of memory G06F12/14; record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings G06K19/00 G06F21/79in semiconductor storage media, e.g. directly-addressable memories G06F21/80in storage media based on magnetic or optical technology, e.g. disks with sectors preventing unauthorised reproduction or copying of disc-type recordable media G11B20/00 G06F21/805using a security table for the storage sub-system G06F21/81by operating on the power supply, e.g. enabling or disabling power-on, sleep or resume operations G06F21/82Protecting input, output or interconnection devices G06F21/83input devices, e.g. keyboards, mice or controllers thereof G06F21/84output devices, e.g. displays or monitors G06F21/85interconnection devices, e.g. bus-connected or in-line devices G06F21/86Secure or tamper-resistant housings G06F21/87by means of encapsulation, e.g. for integrated circuits G06F21/88Detecting or preventing theft or loss G06F30/00Computer-aided design [CAD]In this group, it is desirable to add the indexing codes of groups G06F2111/00 - G06F2119/00. Group G06F30/00 is impacted by reclassification into groups G06F30/10, G06F30/12, G06F2111/00 - G06F2119/22.
Groups G06F30/00, G06F30/10, G06F30/12, and G06F2111/00 - G06F2119/22 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. G06F30/10Geometric CADGroup G06F30/10 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group G06F30/00.
Groups G06F30/00 and G06F30/10 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. G06F30/12characterised by design entry means specially adapted for CAD, e.g. graphical user interfaces [GUI] specially adapted for CADGroup G06F30/12 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from groups G06F30/00, G06F30/17, and G06F30/18.
All groups listed in this Warning should be considered in order to perform a complete search. G06F30/13Architectural design, e.g. computer-aided architectural design [CAAD] related to design of buildings, bridges, landscapes, production plants or roads G06F30/15Vehicle, aircraft or watercraft design G06F30/17Mechanical parametric or variational designGroup G06F30/17 is impacted by reclassification into groups G06F30/12 and G06F2111/00 - G06F2119/22.
Groups G06F30/17, G06F30/12 and G06F2111/00 - G06F2119/22 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. G06F30/18Network design, e.g. design based on topological or interconnect aspects of utility systems, piping, heating ventilation air conditioning [HVAC] or cabling circuit design at the physical level G06F30/39; network planning tools for wireless communication networks H04W16/18 Group G06F30/18 is impacted by reclassification into groups G06F30/12 and G06F2111/00 - G06F2119/22.
Groups G06F30/18, G06F30/12 and G06F2111/00 - G06F2119/22 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. G06F30/20Design optimisation, verification or simulation optimisation, verification or simulation of circuit designs G06F30/30Group G06F30/20 is impacted by reclassification into groups G06F30/25, G06F30/27, G06F30/28 and G06F2111/00 - G06F2119/22.
Groups G06F30/20, G06F30/25, G06F30/27, G06F30/28 and G06F2111/00 - G06F2119/22 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. G06F30/22using Petri net models G06F30/23using finite element methods [FEM] or finite difference methods [FDM]Group G06F30/23 is impacted by reclassification into groups G06F30/25, G06F30/367, G06F30/398 and G06F2111/00 - G06F2119/22.
Groups G06F30/23, G06F30/25, G06F30/367, G06F30/398 and G06F2111/00 - G06F2119/22 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. G06F30/25using particle-based methodsGroup G06F30/25 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from groups G06F30/20 and G06F30/23.
Groups G06F30/20, G06F30/23, and G06F30/25 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. G06F30/27using machine learning, e.g. artificial intelligence, neural networks, support vector machines [SVM] or training a modelGroup G06F30/27 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group G06F30/20.
Groups G06F30/20 and G06F30/27 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. G06F30/28using fluid dynamics, e.g. using Navier-Stokes equations or computational fluid dynamics [CFD]Group G06F30/28 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group G06F30/20.
Groups G06F30/20 and G06F30/28 should be considered G06F30/30Circuit designGroup G06F30/30 is impacted by reclassification into groups G06F30/31, G06F30/32, G06F30/323, G06F30/333, G06F30/337, G06F30/34, G06F30/343, G06F30/347, G06F30/38 and G06F2111/00 - G06F2119/22.
Groups G06F30/30, G06F30/31, G06F30/32, G06F30/323, G06F30/333, G06F30/337, G06F30/34, G06F30/343, G06F30/347, G06F30/38 and G06F2111/00 - G06F2119/22 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. G06F30/31Design entry, e.g. editors specifically adapted for circuit designGroup G06F30/31 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from groups G06F30/30, G06F30/34, and G06F30/36.
All groups listed in this Warning should be considered in order to perform a complete search. G06F30/32Circuit design at the digital level reconfigurable circuits G06F30/34 Group G06F30/32 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group G06F30/30.
Groups G06F30/30 and G06F30/32 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. G06F30/323Translation or migration, e.g. logic to logic, hardware description language [HDL] translation or netlist translationGroup G06F30/323 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from groups G06F30/30 and G06F30/327.
Groups G06F30/30, G06F30/327, and G06F30/323 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. G06F30/327Logic synthesisBehaviour synthesis, e.g. mapping logic, HDL to netlist, high-level language to RTL or netlistGroup G06F30/327 is impacted by reclassification into groups G06F30/323 and G06F2111/00 - G06F2119/22.
Groups G06F30/327, G06F30/323 and G06F2111/00 - G06F2119/22 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. G06F30/33Design verification, e.g. functional simulation or model checkingGroup G06F30/33 is impacted by reclassification into groups G06F30/3308, G06F30/3315 and G06F2111/00 - G06F2119/22.
Groups G06F30/33, G06F30/3308, G06F30/3315 and G06F2111/00 - G06F2119/22 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. G06F30/3308using simulationGroup G06F30/3308 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group G06F30/33.
Groups G06F30/33 and G06F30/3308 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. G06F30/331with hardware acceleration, e.g. by using field programmable gate array [FPGA] or emulation G06F30/3312Timing analysisGroup G06F30/3312 is impacted by reclassification into groups G06F30/3315 and G06F2111/00 - G06F2119/22.
Groups G06F30/3312, G06F30/3315 and G06F2111/00 - G06F2119/22 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. G06F30/3315using static timing analysis [STA]Group G06F30/3315 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from groups G06F30/33 and G06F30/3312.
Groups G06F30/33, G06F30/3312, and G06F30/3315 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. G06F30/3323using formal methods, e.g. equivalence checking or property checking G06F30/333Design for testability [DFT], e.g. scan chain or built-in self-test [BIST]Group G06F30/333 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group G06F30/30.
Groups G06F30/30 and G06F30/333 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. G06F30/337Design optimisationGroup G06F30/337 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group G06F30/30.
Groups G06F30/30 and G06F30/337 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. G06F30/34for reconfigurable circuits, e.g. field programmable gate arrays [FPGA] or programmable logic devices [PLD]Group G06F30/34 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group G06F30/30.
Group G06F30/34 is impacted by reclassification into groups G06F30/31, G06F30/343, G06F30/347 and G06F2111/00 - G06F2119/22.
Groups G06F30/34, G06F30/31, G06F30/343, G06F30/347 and G06F2111/00 - G06F2119/22 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. G06F30/343Logical levelGroup G06F30/343 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from groups G06F30/30 and G06F30/34.
Groups G06F30/30, G06F30/34, and G06F30/343 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. G06F30/347Physical level, e.g. placement or routing Group G06F30/347 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from groups G06F30/30, G06F30/34, and G06F30/39.
Groups G06F30/347, G06F30/30, G06F30/34 and G06F30/39 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. G06F30/35Delay-insensitive circuit design, e.g. asynchronous or self-timed G06F30/36Circuit design at the analogue levelGroup G06F30/36 is impacted by reclassification into groups G06F30/31, G06F30/373, G06F30/38 and G06F2111/00 - G06F2119/22.
Groups G06F30/36, G06F30/31, G06F30/373, G06F30/38 and G06F2111/00 - G06F2119/22 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. G06F30/367Design verification, e.g. using simulation, simulation program with integrated circuit emphasis [SPICE], direct methods or relaxation methodsGroup G06F30/367 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group G06F30/23.
Groups G06F30/23 and G06F30/367 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. G06F30/373Design optimisationGroup G06F30/373 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group G06F30/36.
Groups G06F30/36 and G06F30/373 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. G06F30/38Circuit design at the mixed level of analogue and digital signalsGroup G06F30/38 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from groups G06F30/30 and G06F30/36.
Groups G06F30/30, G06F30/36, and G06F30/38 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. G06F30/39Circuit design at the physical level physical level design for reconfigurable circuits G06F30/347Group G06F30/39 is impacted by reclassification into groups G06F30/347, G06F30/396, G06F30/398 and G06F2111/00 - G06F2119/22.
Groups G06F30/39, G06F30/347, G06F30/396, G06F30/398 and G06F2111/00 - G06F2119/22 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. G06F30/392Floor-planning or layout, e.g. partitioning or placementGroup G06F30/392 is impacted by reclassification into groups G06F30/396 and G06F2111/00 - G06F2119/22.
Groups G06F30/392, G06F30/396 and G06F2111/00 - G06F2119/22 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. G06F30/394Routing G06F30/396 takes precedenceGroup G06F30/394 is impacted by reclassification into groups G06F30/3947, G06F30/3953, G06F30/396 and G06F2111/00 - G06F2119/22.
Groups G06F30/394, G06F30/3947, G06F30/3953, G06F30/396 and G06F2111/00 - G06F2119/22 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. G06F30/3947globalGroup G06F30/3947 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group G06F30/394.
Groups G06F30/394 and G06F30/3947 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. G06F30/3953detailedGroup G06F30/3953 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group G06F30/394.
Groups G06F30/394 and G06F30/3953 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. G06F30/396Clock treesGroup G06F30/396 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from groups G06F30/39, G06F30/392, and G06F30/394.
Group G06F30/396 is also impacted by reclassification into group G06F2117/04.
All groups listed in this Warning should be considered in order to perform a complete search. G06F30/398Design verification or optimisation, e.g. using design rule check [DRC], layout versus schematics [LVS] or finite element methods [FEM] optical proximity correction [OPC] design processes G03F1/36Group G06F30/398 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from groups G06F30/23 and G06F30/39.
Groups G06F30/23, G06F30/39 and G06F30/398 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. G06F40/00Handling natural language data speech analysis or synthesis, speech recognition G10L G06F40/10Text processing natural language analysis G06F40/20; semantic analysis G06F40/30; processing or translation of natural language G06F40/40 G06F40/103Formatting, i.e. changing of presentation of documents automatic justification G06F40/189; automatic line break hyphenation G06F40/191 G06F40/106Display of layout of documentsPreviewing G06F40/109Font handlingTemporal or kinetic typography G06F40/111Mathematical or scientific formattingSubscriptsSuperscripts G06F40/114Pagination G06F40/117TaggingMarking up details of markup languages G06F40/143Designating a blockSetting of attributes style sheets, e.g. eXtensible Stylesheet Language Transformation [XSLT], G06F40/154 G06F40/12Use of codes for handling textual entities G06F40/123Storage facilities G06F40/126Character encoding G06F40/129Handling non-Latin characters, e.g. kana-to-kanji conversion G06F40/131Fragmentation of text files, e.g. creating reusable text-blocksLinking to fragments, e.g. using XIncludeNamespaces G06F40/134Hyperlinking G06F40/137Hierarchical processing, e.g. outlines G06F40/14Tree-structured documents parsing G06F40/205; validation G06F40/226 G06F40/143Markup, e.g. Standard Generalized Markup Language [SGML] or Document Type Definition [DTD] G06F40/146Coding or compression of tree-structured data G06F40/149Adaptation of the text data for streaming purposes, e.g. Efficient XML Interchange [EXI] format G06F40/151Transformation G06F40/154Tree transformation for tree-structured or markup documents, e.g. XSLT, XSL-FO or stylesheets G06F40/157using dictionaries or tables G06F40/16Automatic learning of transformation rules, e.g. from examples G06F40/163Handling of whitespace G06F40/166Editing, e.g. inserting or deleting G06F40/169Annotation, e.g. comment data or footnotes G06F40/171by use of digital ink G06F40/174Form fillingMerging G06F40/177of tablesusing ruled lines G06F40/18of spreadsheets form-filling G06F40/174 G06F40/183Tabulation, i.e. one-dimensional positioning G06F40/186Templates G06F40/189Automatic justification G06F40/191Automatic line break hyphenation G06F40/194Calculation of difference between files G06F40/197Version control for software G06F8/71 G06F40/20Natural language analysis semantic analysis of natural language G06F40/30 G06F40/205Parsing G06F40/211Syntactic parsing, e.g. based on context-free grammar [CFG] or unification grammars G06F40/216using statistical methods G06F40/221Parsing markup language streams streaming G06F40/149 G06F40/226Validation G06F40/232Orthographic correction, e.g. spell checking or vowelisation G06F40/237Lexical tools G06F40/242Dictionaries G06F40/247ThesaurusesSynonyms G06F40/253Grammatical analysisStyle critique G06F40/258Heading extractionAutomatic titlingNumbering G06F40/263Language identification G06F40/268Morphological analysis G06F40/274Converting codes to wordsGuess-ahead of partial word inputs G06F40/279Recognition of textual entities G06F40/284Lexical analysis, e.g. tokenisation or collocates G06F40/289Phrasal analysis, e.g. finite state techniques or chunking G06F40/295Named entity recognition G06F40/30Semantic analysis G06F40/35Discourse or dialogue representation G06F40/40Processing or translation of natural language natural language analysis G06F40/20; semantic analysis G06F40/30 G06F40/42Data-driven translation G06F40/44Statistical methods, e.g. probability models G06F40/45Example-based machine translationAlignment G06F40/47Machine-assisted translation, e.g. using translation memory G06F40/49using very large corpora, e.g. the web G06F40/51Translation evaluation G06F40/53Processing of non-Latin text kana-to-kanji conversion G06F40/129; vowelisation G06F40/232 G06F40/55Rule-based translation G06F40/56Natural language generation G06F40/58Use of machine translation, e.g. for multi-lingual retrieval, for server-side translation for client devices or for real-time translation G06F2101/00 G06F2101/00Indexing scheme relating to the type of digital function generated G06F2101/02Linear multivariable functions, i.e. sum of products G06F2101/04Trigonometric functions G06F2101/06Co-ordinate transformations G06F2101/08Powers or roots G06F2101/10Logarithmic or exponential functions G06F2101/12Reciprocal functions G06F2101/14Probability distribution functions G06F2101/16PCM companding functions G06F2111/00Indexing scheme associated with group G06F30/00, relating to CAD techniques G06F2111/00Details relating to CAD techniquesGroups G06F2111/00 - G06F2111/20 are incomplete pending reclassification of documents from groups G06F30/00, G06F30/17, G06F30/18, G06F30/20, G06F30/23, G06F30/30, G06F30/327, G06F30/33, G06F30/3312, G06F30/34, G06F30/36, G06F30/39, G06F30/392, and G06F30/394.
All groups listed in this Warning should be considered in order to perform a complete search. G06F2111/02CAD in a network environment, e.g. collaborative CAD or distributed simulation G06F2111/04Constraint-based CAD G06F2111/06Multi-objective optimisation, e.g. Pareto optimisation using simulated annealing [SA], ant colony algorithms or genetic algorithms [GA] G06F2111/08Probabilistic or stochastic CAD G06F2111/10Numerical modelling G06F2111/12Symbolic schematics G06F2111/14related to nanotechnology G06F2111/16Customisation or personalisation G06F2111/18using virtual or augmented reality G06F2111/20Configuration CAD, e.g. designing by assembling or positioning modules selected from libraries of predesigned modules G06F2113/00Indexing scheme associated with group G06F30/00, relating to the application field G06F2113/00Details relating to the application fieldGroups G06F2113/00 - G06F2113/28 are incomplete pending reclassification of documents from groups G06F30/00, G06F30/17, G06F30/18, G06F30/20, G06F30/23, G06F30/30, G06F30/327, G06F30/33, G06F30/3312, G06F30/34, G06F30/36, G06F30/39, G06F30/392, and G06F30/394.
All groups listed in this Warning should be considered in order to perform a complete search. G06F2113/02Data centres G06F2113/04Power grid distribution networks G06F2113/06Wind turbines or wind farms G06F2113/08Fluids G06F2113/10Additive manufacturing, e.g. 3D printing G06F2113/12Cloth G06F2113/14Pipes G06F2113/16Cables, cable trees or wire harnesses G06F2113/18Chip packaging G06F2113/20Packaging, e.g. boxes or containers G06F2113/22Moulding G06F2113/24Sheet material G06F2113/26Composites G06F2113/28Fuselage, exterior or interior G06F2115/00Indexing scheme associated with group G06F30/00, relating to the type of the circuit G06F2115/00Details relating to the type of the circuitGroups G06F2115/00 - G06F2115/12 are incomplete pending reclassification of documents from groups G06F30/00, G06F30/17, G06F30/18, G06F30/20, G06F30/23, G06F30/30, G06F30/327, G06F30/33, G06F30/3312, G06F30/34, G06F30/36, G06F30/39, G06F30/392, and G06F30/394.
All groups listed in this Warning should be considered in order to perform a complete search. G06F2115/02System on chip [SoC] design G06F2115/04Micro electro-mechanical systems [MEMS] G06F2115/06Structured ASICs G06F2115/08Intellectual property [IP] blocks or IP cores G06F2115/10Processors G06F2115/12Printed circuit boards [PCB] or multi-chip modules [MCM] G06F2117/00Indexing scheme associated with group G06F30/00, relating to the type or aim of the circuit design G06F2117/00Details relating to the type or aim of the circuit designGroups G06F2117/00 - G06F2117/12 are incomplete pending reclassification of documents from groups G06F30/00, G06F30/17, G06F30/18, G06F30/20, G06F30/23, G06F30/30, G06F30/327, G06F30/33, G06F30/3312, G06F30/34, G06F30/36, G06F30/39, G06F30/392, and G06F30/394.
All groups listed in this Warning should be considered in order to perform a complete search. G06F2117/02Fault tolerance, e.g. for transient fault suppression G06F2117/04Clock gating Group G06F2117/04 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from groups G06F30/00, G06F30/17, G06F30/18, G06F30/20, G06F30/23, G06F30/30, G06F30/327, G06F30/33, G06F30/3312, G06F30/34, G06F30/36, G06F30/39, G06F30/392, G06F30/394, and G06F30/396.
All groups listed in this Warning should be considered in order to perform a complete search. G06F2117/06Spare resources, e.g. for permanent fault suppression G06F2117/08HW-SW co-design, e.g. HW-SW partitioning G06F2117/10Buffer insertion G06F2117/12Sizing, e.g. of transistors or gates G06F2119/00Indexing scheme associated with group G06F30/00, relating to the purpose – mostly applicable to circuits – but also relevant for general CAD G06F2119/00Details relating to the type or aim of the analysis or the optimisationGroups G06F2119/00 - G06F2119/22 are incomplete pending reclassification of documents from groups G06F30/00, G06F30/17, G06F30/18, G06F30/20, G06F30/23, G06F30/30, G06F30/327, G06F30/33, G06F30/3312, G06F30/34, G06F30/36, G06F30/39, G06F30/392, and G06F30/394.
All groups listed in this Warning should be considered in order to perform a complete search. G06F2119/02Reliability analysis or reliability optimisationFailure analysis, e.g. worst case scenario performance, failure mode and effects analysis [FMEA] G06F2119/04Ageing analysis or optimisation against ageing G06F2119/06Power analysis or power optimisation G06F2119/08Thermal analysis or thermal optimisation G06F2119/10Noise analysis or noise optimisation G06F2119/12Timing analysis or timing optimisation G06F2119/14Force analysis or force optimisation, e.g. static or dynamic forces G06F2119/16Equivalence checking G06F2119/18Manufacturability analysis or optimisation for manufacturability G06F2119/20Design reuse, reusability analysis or reusability optimisation G06F2119/22Yield analysis or yield optimisation G06F2123/00Indexing scheme associated with group G06F18/00, relating to pattern recognition G06F2123/00Data types G06F2123/02in the time domain, e.g. time-series data G06F2200/00 G06F2200/00Indexing scheme relating to G06F1/04 - G06F1/32 G06F2200/16Indexing scheme relating to G06F1/16 - G06F1/18 G06F2200/161Indexing scheme relating to constructional details of the monitor G06F2200/1611CRT monitor G06F2200/1612Flat panel monitor G06F2200/1613Supporting arrangements, e.g. for filters or documents associated to a laptop display G06F2200/1614Image rotation following screen orientation, e.g. switching from landscape to portrait mode G06F2200/163Indexing scheme relating to constructional details of the computer G06F2200/1631Panel PC, e.g. single housing hosting PC and display panel G06F2200/1632Pen holder integrated in the computer G06F2200/1633Protecting arrangement for the entire housing of the computer G06F2200/1634Integrated protective display lid, e.g. for touch-sensitive display in handheld computer G06F2200/1635Stackable modules G06F2200/1636Sensing arrangement for detection of a tap gesture on the housing G06F2200/1637Sensing arrangement for detection of housing movement or orientation, e.g. for controlling scrolling or cursor movement on the display of an handheld computer G06F2200/1638Computer housing designed to operate in both desktop and tower orientation G06F2200/1639Arrangements for locking plugged peripheral connectors G06F2200/20Indexing scheme relating to G06F1/20 G06F2200/201Cooling arrangements using cooling fluid G06F2200/202Air convective hinge G06F2200/203Heat conductive hinge G06F2200/26Indexing scheme relating to G06F1/26 G06F2200/261PC controlled powerstrip G06F2201/00Indexing scheme relating to error detection, to error correction, and to monitoring G06F2201/80Database-specific techniques G06F2201/805Real-time G06F2201/81Threshold G06F2201/815Virtual middleware or OS functionality using virtual machines to implement generic software techniques for error detection or fault masking G06F11/1484 G06F2201/82Solving problems relating to consistency ensuring consistency in mirrored systems G06F11/2064 G06F2201/825the problem or solution involving locking G06F2201/83the solution involving signatures G06F2201/835Timestamp G06F2201/84Using snapshots, i.e. a logical point-in-time copy of the data G06F2201/845Systems in which the redundancy can be transformed in increased performance G06F2201/85Active fault masking without idle spares active fault masking without idle spare hardware where processing functionality is redundant G06F11/2035 G06F2201/855Details of asynchronous mirroring using a journal to transfer not-yet-mirrored changes G06F2201/86Event-based monitoring G06F2201/865Monitoring of software G06F2201/87Monitoring of transactions G06F2201/875Monitoring of systems including the internet G06F2201/88Monitoring involving counting G06F2201/885Monitoring specific for caches G06F2203/00Indexing scheme relating to G06F3/00 - G06F3/048 G06F2203/01Indexing scheme relating to G06F3/01 G06F2203/011Emotion or mood input determined on the basis of sensed human body parameters such as pulse, heart rate or beat, temperature of skin, facial expressions, iris, voice pitch, brain activity patterns G06F2203/012Walk-in-place systems for allowing a user to walk in a virtual environment while constraining him to a given position in the physical environment G06F2203/013Force feedback applied to a game G06F2203/014Force feedback applied to GUI G06F2203/015Force feedback applied to a joystick G06F2203/033Indexing scheme relating to G06F3/033 G06F2203/0331Finger worn pointing device G06F2203/0332Ergonomic shaped mouse adjustable to suit one of both hands G06F2203/0333Ergonomic shaped mouse for one hand G06F2203/0334Ergonomic shaped mouse for vertical grip, whereby the hand controlling the mouse is resting or gripping it with an attitude almost vertical with respect of the working surface G06F2203/0335Finger operated miniaturized mouse G06F2203/0336Mouse integrated fingerprint sensor G06F2203/0337Status LEDs integrated in the mouse to provide visual feedback to the user about the status of the input device, the PC, or the user G06F2203/0338Fingerprint track pad, i.e. fingerprint sensor used as pointing device tracking the fingertip image G06F2203/0339Touch strips, e.g. orthogonal touch strips to control cursor movement or scrollingsingle touch strip to adjust parameter or to implement a row of soft keys G06F2203/038Indexing scheme relating to G06F3/038 G06F2203/0381Multimodal input, i.e. interface arrangements enabling the user to issue commands by simultaneous use of input devices of different nature, e.g. voice plus gesture on digitizer G06F2203/0382Plural input, i.e. interface arrangements in which a plurality of input device of the same type are in communication with a PC G06F2203/0383Remote input, i.e. interface arrangements in which the signals generated by a pointing device are transmitted to a PC at a remote location, e.g. to a PC in a LAN G06F2203/0384Wireless input, i.e. hardware and software details of wireless interface arrangements for pointing devices G06F2203/041Indexing scheme relating to G06F3/041 - G06F3/045 G06F2203/041012.5D-digitiser, i.e. digitiser detecting the X/Y position of the input means, finger or stylus, also when it does not touch, but is proximate to the digitiser's interaction surface and also measures the distance of the input means within a short range in the Z direction, possibly with a separate measurement setup G06F2203/04102Flexible digitiser, i.e. constructional details for allowing the whole digitising part of a device to be flexed or rolled like a sheet of paper G06F2203/04103Manufacturing, i.e. details related to manufacturing processes specially suited for touch sensitive devices G06F2203/04104Multi-touch detection in digitiser, i.e. details about the simultaneous detection of a plurality of touching locations, e.g. multiple fingers or pen and finger G06F2203/04105Pressure sensors for measuring the pressure or force exerted on the touch surface without providing the touch position G06F2203/04106Multi-sensing digitiser, i.e. digitiser using at least two different sensing technologies simultaneously or alternatively, e.g. for detecting pen and finger, for saving power or for improving position detection G06F2203/04107Shielding in digitiser, i.e. guard or shielding arrangements, mostly for capacitive touchscreens, e.g. driven shields, driven grounds G06F2203/04108Touchless 2D- digitiser, i.e. digitiser detecting the X/Y position of the input means, finger or stylus, also when it does not touch, but is proximate to the digitiser's interaction surface without distance measurement in the Z direction G06F2203/04109FTIR in optical digitiser, i.e. touch detection by frustrating the total internal reflection within an optical waveguide due to changes of optical properties or deformation at the touch location G06F2203/04111Cross over in capacitive digitiser, i.e. details of structures for connecting electrodes of the sensing pattern where the connections cross each other, e.g. bridge structures comprising an insulating layer, or vias through substrate G06F2203/04112Electrode mesh in capacitive digitiser: electrode for touch sensing is formed of a mesh of very fine, normally metallic, interconnected lines that are almost invisible to see. This provides a quite large but transparent electrode surface, without need for ITO or similar transparent conductive material G06F2203/04113Peripheral electrode pattern in resistive digitisers, i.e. electrodes at the periphery of the resistive sheet are shaped in patterns enhancing linearity of induced field G06F2203/04114Touch screens adapted for alternating or simultaneous interaction with active pens and passive pointing devices like fingers or passive pens G06F2203/048Indexing scheme relating to G06F3/048 G06F2203/04801Cursor retrieval aid, i.e. visual aspect modification, blinking, colour changes, enlargement or other visual cues, for helping user do find the cursor in graphical user interfaces G06F2203/048023D-info-object: information is displayed on the internal or external surface of a three dimensional manipulable object, e.g. on the faces of a cube that can be rotated by the user G06F2203/04803Split screen, i.e. subdividing the display area or the window area into separate subareas G06F2203/04804Transparency, e.g. transparent or translucent windows G06F2203/04805Virtual magnifying lens, i.e. window or frame movable on top of displayed information to enlarge it for better reading or selection G06F2203/04806Zoom, i.e. interaction techniques or interactors for controlling the zooming operation G06F2203/04807Pen manipulated menu G06F2203/04808Several contacts: gestures triggering a specific function, e.g. scrolling, zooming, right-click, when the user establishes several contacts with the surface simultaneouslye.g. using several fingers or a combination of fingers and pen G06F2203/04809Textured surface identifying touch areas, e.g. overlay structure for a virtual keyboard G06F2205/00Indexing scheme relating to group G06F5/00Methods or arrangements for data conversion without changing the order or content of the data handled G06F2205/003Reformatting, i.e. changing the format of data representation G06F2205/06Indexing scheme relating to groups G06F5/06 - G06F5/16 G06F2205/061Adapt frequency, i.e. clock frequency at one side is adapted to clock frequency, or average clock frequency, at the other sideNot pulse stuffing only G06F2205/062Allowing rewriting or rereading data to or from the buffer G06F2205/063Dynamically variable buffer size G06F2205/064Linked list, i.e. structure using pointers, e.g. allowing non-contiguous address segments in one logical buffer or dynamic buffer space allocation G06F2205/065With bypass possibility G06F2205/066User-programmable number or size of buffers, i.e. number of separate buffers or their size can be allocated freely G06F2205/067Bidirectional FIFO, i.e. system allowing data transfer in two directions G06F2205/10Indexing scheme relating to groups G06F5/10 - G06F5/14 G06F2205/102Avoiding metastability, i.e. preventing hazards, e.g. by using Gray code counters G06F2205/104Delay lines G06F2205/106Details of pointers, i.e. structure of the address generators G06F2205/108Reading or writing the data blockwise, e.g. using an extra end-of-block pointer G06F2205/12Indexing scheme relating to groups G06F5/12 - G06F5/14 G06F2205/123Contention resolution, i.e. resolving conflicts between simultaneous read and write operations G06F2205/126Monitoring of intermediate fill level, i.e. with additional means for monitoring the fill level, e.g. half full flag, almost empty flag G06F2206/00Indexing scheme related to dedicated interfaces for computers G06F2206/10Indexing scheme related to storage interfaces for computers, indexing schema related to group G06F3/06 G06F2206/1004Defragmentation G06F2206/1008Graphical user interface [GUI] G06F2206/1012Load balancing G06F2206/1014One time programmable [OTP] memory, e.g. PROM, WORM G06F2206/15Indexing scheme related to printer interfaces for computers, indexing schema related to group G06F3/12 G06F2206/1504Cost estimation G06F2206/1506Degraded mode, e.g. in view of consumables depleted, thresholds reached G06F2206/1508Load balancing G06F2206/151Pre-printed media, e.g. media stock, forms, logos G06F2206/1512Print-to a presentation device other than a printer, e.g. e-reader, e-paper, tablet G06F2206/1514Sub-job G06F2206/20Indexing scheme related to audio interfaces for computers, indexing schema related to group G06F3/16 G06F2207/00Indexing scheme relating to methods or arrangements for processing data by operating upon the order or content of the data handled G06F2207/02Indexing scheme relating to groups G06F7/02 - G06F7/026 G06F2207/025String search, i.e. pattern matching, e.g. find identical word or best match in a string G06F2207/22Indexing scheme relating to groups G06F7/22 - G06F7/36 G06F2207/222Binary data tree G06F2207/224External sorting G06F2207/226Priority queue, i.e. 1 word in, 1 word out sorterOutput word, i.e. min or max of words in memory G06F2207/228Sorting or merging network G06F2207/38Indexing scheme relating to groups G06F7/38 - G06F7/575 G06F2207/3804Details G06F2207/3808concerning the type of numbers or the way they are handled G06F2207/3812Devices capable of handling different types of numbers G06F2207/3816Accepting numbers of variable word length G06F2207/382Reconfigurable for different fixed word lengths multigauge devices G06F2207/3828 G06F2207/3824Accepting both fixed-point and floating-point numbers G06F2207/3828Multigauge devices, i.e. capable of handling packed numbers without unpacking them G06F2207/3832Less usual number representations G06F2207/3836One's complement G06F2207/384Octal G06F2207/3844Hexadecimal G06F2207/3848Unit distance code G06F2207/3852Calculation with most significant digit first G06F2207/3856Operand swapping G06F2207/386Special constructional features G06F2207/3864Clockless, i.e. asynchronous operation used as a design principle G06F2207/3888 takes precedence G06F2207/3868Bypass control, i.e. possibility to transfer an operand unchanged to the output G06F2207/3872Precharge of output to prevent leakage G06F2207/3876Alternation of true and inverted stages G06F2207/388Skewing G06F2207/3884Pipelining G06F2207/3888Wave pipelining, i.e. processing multiple subsequent operand sets asynchronously within each pipeline stage G06F2207/3892Systolic array G06F2207/3896Bit slicing G06F2207/48Indexing scheme relating to groups G06F7/48 - G06F7/575 G06F2207/4802Special implementations G06F2207/4804Associative memory or processor G06F2207/4806Cascode or current mode logic G06F2207/4808Charge transfer devices G06F2207/481Counters performing arithmetic operations G06F2207/4812Multiplexers G06F2207/4814Non-logic devices, e.g. operational amplifiers G06F2207/4816Pass transistors G06F2207/4818Threshold devices G06F2207/482using capacitive adding networks G06F2207/4822Majority gates G06F2207/4824Neural networks G06F2207/4826using transistors having multiple electrodes of the same type, e.g. multi-emitter devices, neuron-MOS devices G06F2207/4828Negative resistance devices, e.g. tunnel diodes, gunn effect devices G06F2207/483Indexing scheme relating to group G06F7/483 G06F2207/4835Computations with rational numbers G06F2207/491Indexing scheme relating to groups G06F7/491 - G06F7/4917 G06F2207/49105Determining 9's or 10's complement G06F2207/4911Decimal floating-point representation G06F2207/49115Duodecimal numbers G06F2207/4912Non-specified BCD representation G06F2207/49125Non-specified decimal representation G06F2207/4913Sterling system, i.e. mixed radix with digit weights of 10-20-12 G06F2207/49135Using 036012 or 3612 code, i.e. binary coded decimal representation with digit weight of (0,) 3, 6, (0,) 1 and 2 respectively G06F2207/4914Using 2-out-of-5 code, i.e. binary coded decimal representation with digit weight of 2, 4, 2 and 1 respectively G06F2207/49145Using 2421 code, i.e. non-weighted representation in which 2 out of 5 bits are "1" for each decimal digit G06F2207/4915Using 4221 code, i.e. binary coded decimal representation with digit weight of 4, 2, 2 and 1 respectively G06F2207/49155Using 51111 code, i.e. binary coded decimal representation with digit weight of 5, 1, 1, 1 and 1 respectively G06F2207/4916Using 5211 code, i.e. binary coded decimal representation with digit weight of 5, 2, 1 and 1 respectively G06F2207/49165Using 5311 code, i.e. binary coded decimal representation with digit weight of 5, 3, 1 and 1 respectively G06F2207/4917Using 5321 or 543210 code, i.e. binary coded decimal representation with digit weight of 5,(4,) 3, 2, 1 (and 0) respectively G06F2207/49175Using 54321 code, i.e. binary coded decimal representation with digit weight of 5, 4, 3, 2 and 1 respectively G06F2207/4918Using Aiken code, i.e. using both first and last 5 of 16 possible 4-bit values, rendering the code symmetrical within the series of 16 values G06F2207/49185Using biquinary code, i.e. combination of 5-valued and 2-valued digits, having values 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 0, 5 or 0, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 0, 1 respectively G06F2207/4919Using excess-3 code, i.e. natural BCD + offset of 3, rendering the code symmetrical within the series of 16 possible 4 bit values G06F2207/49195Using pure decimal representation, e.g. 10-valued voltage signal, 1-out-of-10 code G06F2207/492Indexing scheme relating to groups G06F7/492 - G06F7/496 G06F2207/4921Single digit adding or subtracting G06F2207/4922Multi-operand adding or subtracting G06F2207/4923Incrementer or decrementer G06F2207/4924Digit-parallel adding or subtracting G06F2207/506Indexing scheme relating to groups G06F7/506 - G06F7/508 G06F2207/50632-input gates, i.e. only using 2-input logical gates, e.g. binary carry look-ahead, e.g. Kogge-Stone or Ladner-Fischer adder G06F2207/535Indexing scheme relating to groups G06F7/535 - G06F7/5375 G06F2207/5351Multiplicative non-restoring division, e.g. SRT, using multiplication in quotient selection G06F2207/5352Non-restoring division not covered by G06F7/5375 G06F2207/5353Restoring division G06F2207/5354Using table lookup, e.g. for digit selection in division by digit recurrence G06F2207/5355Using iterative approximation not using digit recurrence, e.g. Newton Raphson or Goldschmidt G06F2207/5356Via reciprocal, i.e. calculate reciprocal only, or calculate reciprocal first and then the quotient from the reciprocal and the numerator G06F2207/544Indexing scheme relating to group G06F7/544 G06F2207/5442Absolute difference G06F2207/552Indexing scheme relating to groups G06F7/552 - G06F7/5525 G06F2207/5521Inverse root of a number or a function, e.g. the reciprocal of a Pythagorean sum G06F2207/5523Calculates a power, e.g. the square, of a number or a function, e.g. polynomials G06F2207/5525Pythagorean sum, i.e. the square root of a sum of squares G06F2207/5526Roots or inverse roots of single operands G06F2207/5528Non-restoring calculation, where each result digit is either negative, zero or positive, e.g. SRT G06F2207/556Indexing scheme relating to group G06F7/556 G06F2207/5561Exponentiation by multiplication, i.e. calculating Y**INT(X) by multiplying Y with itself or a power of itself, INT(X) being the integer part of X G06F2207/58Indexing scheme relating to groups G06F7/58 - G06F7/588 G06F2207/581Generating an LFSR sequence, e.g. an m-sequencesequence may be generated without LFSR, e.g. using Galois Field arithmetic G06F2207/582Parallel finite field implementation, i.e. at least partially parallel implementation of finite field arithmetic, generating several new bits or trits per step, e.g. using a GF multiplier G06F2207/583Serial finite field implementation, i.e. serial implementation of finite field arithmetic, generating one new bit or trit per step, e.g. using an LFSR or several independent LFSRsalso includes PRNGs with parallel operation between LFSR and outputs G06F2207/72Indexing scheme relating to groups G06F7/72 - G06F7/729 G06F2207/7204Prime number generation or prime number testing G06F2207/7209Calculation via subfield, i.e. the subfield being GF(q) with q a prime power, e.g. GF ((2**m)**n) via GF(2**m) G06F2207/7214Calculation via prime subfield, i.e. the subfield being GF(p) with p an integer prime > 3e.g. GF(p**k) via GF(p) G06F2207/7219Countermeasures against side channel or fault attacks G06F2207/7223Randomisation as countermeasure against side channel attacks G06F2207/7228Random curve mapping, e.g. mapping to an isomorphous or projective curve G06F2207/7233Masking, e.g. (A**e)+r mod n G06F2207/7238Operand masking, i.e. message blinding, e.g. (A+r)**e mod nk.(P+R) G06F2207/7242Exponent masking, i.e. key masking, e.g. A**(e+r) mod n(k+r).P G06F2207/7247Modulo masking, e.g. A**e mod (n*r) G06F2207/7252of operation order, e.g. starting to treat the exponent at a random place, or in a randomly chosen direction G06F2207/7257Random modification not requiring correction G06F2207/7261Uniform execution, e.g. avoiding jumps, or using formulae with the same power profile G06F2207/7266Hardware adaptation, e.g. dual rail logiccalculate add and double simultaneously G06F2207/7271Fault verification, e.g. comparing two values which should be the same, unless a computational fault occurred G06F2207/7276Additional details of aspects covered by group G06F7/723 G06F2207/728using repeated square-and-multiply, i.e. right-to-left binary exponentiation G06F2207/7285using the window method, i.e. left-to-right k-ary exponentiation G06F2207/729Sliding-window exponentiation G06F2207/7295using an addition chain, or an addition-subtraction chain G06F2209/00Indexing scheme relating to G06F9/00 G06F2209/46Indexing scheme relating to G06F9/46 G06F2209/461Bridge G06F2209/462Lookup G06F2209/463Naming G06F2209/48Indexing scheme relating to G06F9/48 G06F2209/481Exception handling G06F2209/482Application G06F2209/483Multiproc G06F2209/484Precedence G06F2209/485Resource constraint G06F2209/486Scheduler internals G06F2209/50Indexing scheme relating to G06F9/50 G06F2209/501Performance criteria G06F2209/5011Pool G06F2209/5012Processor sets G06F2209/5013Request control G06F2209/5014Reservation G06F2209/5015Service provider selection G06F2209/5016Session G06F2209/5017Task decomposition G06F2209/5018Thread allocation G06F2209/5019Workload prediction G06F2209/502Proximity G06F2209/5021Priority G06F2209/5022Workload threshold G06F2209/503Resource availability G06F2209/504Resource capping G06F2209/505Clust G06F2209/506Constraint G06F2209/507Low-level G06F2209/508Monitor G06F2209/509Offload G06F2209/52Indexing scheme relating to G06F9/52 G06F2209/521Atomic G06F2209/522Manager G06F2209/523Mode G06F2209/54Indexing scheme relating to G06F9/54 G06F2209/541Client-server G06F2209/542Intercept G06F2209/543Local G06F2209/544Remote G06F2209/545Gui G06F2209/546Xcast G06F2209/547Messaging middleware G06F2209/548Queue G06F2209/549Remote execution G06F2211/00Indexing scheme relating to details of data-processing equipment not covered by groups G06F3/00 - G06F13/00 G06F2211/001In-Line Device G06F2211/002Bus G06F2211/003Mutual Authentication Bi-Directional Authentication, Dialogue, Handshake G06F2211/004Notarisation, Time-Stamp, Date-Stamp G06F2211/005Network, LAN, Remote Access, Distributed System G06F2211/006E-Mail G06F2211/007Encryption, En-/decode, En-/decipher, En-/decypher, Scramble, (De-)compress G06F2211/008Public Key, Asymmetric Key, Asymmetric Encryption G06F2211/009Trust G06F2211/10Indexing scheme relating to G06F11/10 G06F2211/1002Indexing scheme relating to G06F11/1076 G06F2211/1004Adaptive RAID, i.e. RAID system adapts to changing circumstances, e.g. RAID1 becomes RAID5 as disks fill up G06F2211/1007Addressing errors, i.e. silent errors in RAID, e.g. sector slipping and addressing errors G06F2211/1009Cache, i.e. caches used in RAID system with parity G06F2211/1011Clustered RAID, i.e. clustered or de-clustered RAID where data and parity are spread over more disks than blocks in a parity group G06F2211/1014Compression, i.e. RAID systems with parity using compression techniques G06F2211/1016Continuous RAID, i.e. RAID system that allows streaming or continuous media, e.g. VOD G06F2211/1019Fast writes, i.e. signaling the host that a write is done before data is written to disk G06F2211/1021Different size blocks, i.e. mapping of blocks of different size in RAID systems with parity G06F2211/1023Different size disks, i.e. non uniform size of disks in RAID systems with parity G06F2211/1026Different size groups, i.e. non uniform size of groups in RAID systems with parity G06F2211/1028Distributed, i.e. distributed RAID systems with parity G06F2211/103Hybrid, i.e. RAID systems with parity comprising a mix of RAID types G06F2211/1033Inactive data in parity groups, i.e. RAID parity groups where parity is calculated on only occupied or busy bits in the stripe G06F2211/1035Keeping track, i.e. keeping track of data and parity changes G06F2211/1038LFS, i.e. Log Structured File System used in RAID systems with parity G06F2211/104Metadata, i.e. metadata associated with RAID systems with parity G06F2211/1042NanoRAID, i.e. RAID systems using nanotechnology G06F2211/1045Nested RAID, i.e. implementing a RAID scheme in another RAID scheme G06F2211/1047No striping, i.e. parity calculation on a RAID involving no stripes, where a stripe is an independent set of data G06F2211/105On the fly coding, e.g. using XOR accumulators G06F2211/1052RAID padding, i.e. completing a redundancy group with dummy data G06F2211/1054Parity-fast hardware, i.e. dedicated fast hardware for RAID systems with parity G06F2211/1057Parity-multiple bits-RAID6, i.e. RAID 6 implementations G06F2211/1059Parity-single bit-RAID5, i.e. RAID 5 implementations G06F2211/1061Parity-single bit-RAID4, i.e. RAID 4 implementations G06F2211/1064Parity-single bit-RAID3, i.e. RAID 3 implementations G06F2211/1066Parity-small-writes, i.e. improved small or partial write techniques in RAID systems G06F2211/1069Phantom write, i.e. write were nothing is actually written on the disk of a RAID system G06F2211/1071Power loss, i.e. interrupted writes due to power loss in a RAID system G06F2211/1073Problems due to wear-out failures in RAID systems G06F2211/1076RAIP, i.e. RAID on platters G06F2211/1078RAIR, i.e. RAID on removable media G06F2211/108RAIT, i.e. RAID on tape drive G06F2211/1083Reserve area on a disk of a RAID system G06F2211/1085RMW, i.e. Read-Modify-Write method for RAID systems G06F2211/1088Scrubbing in RAID systems with parity G06F2211/109Sector level checksum or ECC, i.e. sector or stripe level checksum or ECC in addition to the RAID parity calculation G06F2211/1092Single disk raid, i.e. RAID with parity on a single disk G06F2211/1095Writes number reduction, i.e. reducing the number of writes in a RAID array with parity G06F2211/1097Boot, Start, Initialise, Power G06F2211/902Spectral purity improvement for digital function generators by adding a dither signal, e.g. noise G06F2212/00Indexing scheme relating to accessing, addressing or allocation within memory systems or architectures G06F2212/10Providing a specific technical effect G06F2212/1004Compatibility, e.g. with legacy hardware G06F2212/1008Correctness of operation, e.g. memory ordering G06F2212/1012Design facilitation G06F2212/1016Performance improvement G06F2212/1021Hit rate improvement G06F2212/1024Latency reduction G06F2212/1028Power efficiency G06F2212/1032Reliability improvement, data loss prevention, degraded operation etc G06F2212/1036Life time enhancement G06F2212/1041Resource optimization G06F2212/1044Space efficiency improvement G06F2212/1048Scalability G06F2212/1052Security improvement G06F2212/1056Simplification G06F2212/15Use in a specific computing environment G06F2212/151Emulated environment, e.g. virtual machine G06F2212/152Virtualized environment, e.g. logically partitioned system G06F2212/154Networked environment G06F2212/16General purpose computing application G06F2212/161Portable computer, e.g. notebook G06F2212/163Server or database system G06F2212/165Mainframe system G06F2212/17Embedded application G06F2212/171Portable consumer electronics, e.g. mobile phone G06F2212/172Non-portable consumer electronics G06F2212/1721Home entertainment system, e.g. television set G06F2212/173Vehicle or other transportation G06F2212/174Telecommunications system G06F2212/175Industrial control system G06F2212/177Smart card G06F2212/178Electronic token or RFID G06F2212/20Employing a main memory using a specific memory technology G06F2212/202Non-volatile memory G06F2212/2022Flash memory G06F2212/2024Rewritable memory not requiring erasing, e.g. resistive or ferroelectric RAM G06F2212/2028Battery-backed RAM G06F2212/205Hybrid memory, e.g. using both volatile and non-volatile memory G06F2212/206Memory mapped I/O G06F2212/21Employing a record carrier using a specific recording technology G06F2212/211Optical disk storage G06F2212/2112with a removable carrier, e.g. DVD G06F2212/213Tape storage G06F2212/214Solid state disk G06F2212/2142using write-once memory, e.g. OTPROM G06F2212/2146being detachable, e.g.. USB memory G06F2212/217Hybrid disk, e.g. using both magnetic and solid state storage devices G06F2212/22Employing cache memory using specific memory technology G06F2212/221Static RAM G06F2212/222Non-volatile memory G06F2212/2228Battery-backed RAM G06F2212/224Disk storage G06F2212/225Hybrid cache memory, e.g. having both volatile and non-volatile portions G06F2212/25Using a specific main memory architecture G06F2212/251Local memory within processor subsystem G06F2212/2515being configurable for different purposes, e.g. as cache or non-cache memory G06F2212/253Centralized memory G06F2212/2532comprising a plurality of modules G06F2212/254Distributed memory G06F2212/2542Non-uniform memory access [NUMA] architecture G06F2212/26Using a specific storage system architecture G06F2212/261Storage comprising a plurality of storage devices G06F2212/262configured as RAID G06F2212/263Network storage, e.g. SAN or NAS G06F2212/264Remote server G06F2212/27Using a specific cache architecture G06F2212/271Non-uniform cache access [NUCA] architecture G06F2212/272Cache only memory architecture [COMA] G06F2212/28Using a specific disk cache architecture G06F2212/281Single cache G06F2212/282Partitioned cache G06F2212/283Plural cache memories G06F2212/284being distributed G06F2212/285Redundant cache memory G06F2212/286Mirrored cache memory G06F2212/30Providing cache or TLB in specific location of a processing system G06F2212/301In special purpose processing node, e.g. vector processor G06F2212/302In image processor or graphics adapter G06F2212/303In peripheral interface, e.g. I/O adapter or channel G06F2212/3035In peripheral device, e.g. printer G06F2212/304In main memory subsystem G06F2212/3042being part of a memory device, e.g. cache DRAM G06F2212/305being part of a memory device, e.g. cache DRAM G06F2212/306In system interconnect, e.g. between two buses G06F2212/31Providing disk cache in a specific location of a storage system G06F2212/311In host system G06F2212/312In storage controller G06F2212/313In storage device G06F2212/314In storage network, e.g. network attached cache G06F2212/40Specific encoding of data in memory or cache G06F2212/401Compressed data G06F2212/402Encrypted data G06F2212/403Error protection encoding, e.g. using parity or ECC codes G06F2212/45Caching of specific data in cache memory G06F2212/451Stack data G06F2212/452Instruction code G06F2212/453Microcode or microprogram G06F2212/454Vector or matrix data G06F2212/455Image or video data G06F2212/46Caching storage objects of specific type in disk cache G06F2212/461Sector or disk block G06F2212/462Track or segment G06F2212/463File G06F2212/464Multimedia object, e.g. image, video G06F2212/465Structured object, e.g. database record G06F2212/466Metadata, control data G06F2212/468The specific object being partially cached G06F2212/50Control mechanisms for virtual memory, cache or TLB G06F2212/502using adaptive policy G06F2212/507using speculative control G06F2212/60Details of cache memory G06F2212/601Reconfiguration of cache memory G06F2212/6012of operating mode, e.g. cache mode or local memory mode G06F2212/602Details relating to cache prefetching G06F2212/6022Using a prefetch buffer or dedicated prefetch cache G06F2212/6024History based prefetching G06F2212/6026Prefetching based on access pattern detection, e.g. stride based prefetch G06F2212/6028Prefetching based on hints or prefetch instructions G06F2212/603of operating mode, e.g. cache mode or local memory mode G06F2212/6032Way prediction in set-associative cache G06F2212/604Details relating to cache allocation G06F2212/6042Allocation of cache space to multiple users or processors G06F2212/6046Using a specific cache allocation policy other than replacement policy G06F2212/608Details relating to cache mapping G06F2212/6082Way prediction in set-associative cache G06F2212/62Details of cache specific to multiprocessor cache arrangements G06F2212/621Coherency control relating to peripheral accessing, e.g. from DMA or I/O device G06F2212/622State-only directory, i.e. not recording identity of sharing or owning nodes G06F2212/65Details of virtual memory and virtual address translation G06F2212/651Multi-level translation tables G06F2212/652Page size control G06F2212/653Page colouring G06F2212/654Look-ahead translation G06F2212/655Same page detection G06F2212/656Address space sharing G06F2212/657Virtual address space management G06F2212/68Details of translation look-aside buffer [TLB] G06F2212/681Multi-level TLB, e.g. microTLB and main TLB G06F2212/682Multiprocessor TLB consistency G06F2212/683Invalidation G06F2212/684TLB miss handling G06F2212/70Details relating to dynamic memory management G06F2212/702Conservative garbage collection G06F2212/72Details relating to flash memory management G06F2212/7201Logical to physical mapping or translation of blocks or pages G06F2212/7202Allocation control and policies G06F2212/7203Temporary buffering, e.g. using volatile buffer or dedicated buffer blocks G06F2212/7204Capacity control, e.g. partitioning, end-of-life degradation G06F2212/7205Cleaning, compaction, garbage collection, erase control G06F2212/7206Reconfiguration of flash memory system G06F2212/7207management of metadata or control data G06F2212/7208Multiple device management, e.g. distributing data over multiple flash devices G06F2212/7209Validity control, e.g. using flags, time stamps or sequence numbers G06F2212/7211Wear leveling G06F2213/00Indexing scheme relating to interconnection of, or transfer of information or other signals between, memories, input/output devices or central processing units G06F2213/0002Serial port, e.g. RS232C G06F2213/0004Parallel ports, e.g. centronics G06F2213/0006Extension to the industry standard architecture [EISA] G06F2213/0008High speed serial bus, e.g. Fiber channel G06F2213/0012High speed serial bus, e.g. IEEE P1394 G06F2213/0014Futurebus G06F2213/0016Inter-integrated circuit (I2C) G06F2213/0018Industry standard architecture [ISA] G06F2213/0022Multibus G06F2213/0024Peripheral component interconnect [PCI] G06F2213/0026PCI express G06F2213/0028Serial attached SCSI [SAS] G06F2213/0032Serial ATA [SATA] G06F2213/0034Sun microsystems bus [SBus] G06F2213/0036Small computer system interface [SCSI] G06F2213/0038System on Chip G06F2213/0042Universal serial bus [USB] G06F2213/0044Versatile modular eurobus [VME] G06F2213/0052Assignment of addresses or identifiers to the modules of a bus system G06F2213/0054Split transaction bus G06F2213/0056Use of address and non-data lines as data lines for specific data transfers to temporarily enlarge the data bus and increase information transfer rate G06F2213/0058Bus-related hardware virtualisation G06F2213/0062Bandwidth consumption reduction during transfers G06F2213/0064Latency reduction in handling transfers G06F2213/16Memory access G06F2213/1602Memory access type G06F2213/24Interrupt G06F2213/2402Avoidance of interrupt starvation G06F2213/2404Generation of an interrupt or a group of interrupts after a predetermined number of interrupts G06F2213/2406Generation of an interrupt or a group of interrupts after a fixed or calculated time elapses G06F2213/2408Reducing the frequency of interrupts generated from peripheral to a CPU G06F2213/2412Dispatching of interrupt load among interrupt handlers in processor system or interrupt controller G06F2213/2414Routing of interrupt among interrupt handlers in processor system or interrupt controller G06F2213/2416Determination of the interrupt source among a plurality of incoming interrupts G06F2213/2418Signal interruptions by means of a message G06F2213/2422Sharing of interrupt line among a plurality of interrupt sources G06F2213/2424Interrupt packet, e.g. event G06F2213/28DMA G06F2213/2802DMA using DMA transfer descriptors G06F2213/2804Systems and methods for controlling the DMA frequency on an access bus G06F2213/2806Space or buffer allocation for DMA transfers G06F2213/2808Very long instruction word DMA G06F2213/36Arbitration G06F2213/3602Coding information on a single line G06F2213/3604Coding information on multiple lines G06F2213/38Universal adapter G06F2213/3802Harddisk connected to a computer port G06F2213/3804Memory card connected to a computer port directly or by means of a reader/writer G06F2213/3806Mobile device G06F2213/3808Network interface controller G06F2213/3812USB port controller G06F2213/3814Wireless link with a computer system port G06F2213/3852Converter between protocols G06F2213/3854Control is performed at the peripheral side G06F2213/40Bus coupling G06F2213/4002Universal serial bus hub with a single upstream port G06F2213/4004Universal serial bus hub with a plurality of upstream ports G06F2216/00Indexing scheme relating to additional aspects of information retrieval not explicitly covered by G06F16/00 and subgroups G06F2216/01Automatic library building G06F2216/03Data mining G06F2216/05Energy-efficient information retrieval G06F2216/07Guided tours G06F2216/09Obsolescence G06F2216/11Patent retrieval G06F2216/13Prefetching G06F2216/15Synchronised browsing G06F2216/17Web printing G06F2218/00Indexing scheme associated with group G06F18/00, relating to pattern recognition specially adapted for signal processing G06F2218/00Aspects of pattern recognition specially adapted for signal processing G06F2218/02Preprocessing G06F2218/04Denoising G06F2218/06by applying a scale-space analysis, e.g. using wavelet analysis G06F2218/08Feature extraction G06F2218/10by analysing the shape of a waveform, e.g. extracting parameters relating to peaks G06F2218/12ClassificationMatching G06F2218/14by matching peak patterns G06F2218/16by matching signal segments G06F2218/18by plotting the signal segments against each other, e.g. analysing scattergrams G06F2218/20by applying autoregressive analysis G06F2218/22Source localisationInverse modelling G06F2219/00Indexing scheme relating to application aspects of data processing equipment or methods G06F2219/10Environmental application, e.g. waste reduction, pollution control, compliance with environmental legislation G06F2221/00Indexing scheme relating to security arrangements for protecting computers, components thereof, programs or data against unauthorised activity G06F2221/03Indexing scheme relating to G06F21/50, monitoring users, programs or devices to maintain the integrity of platforms G06F2221/031Protect user input by software means G06F2221/032Protect output to user by software means G06F2221/033Test or assess software G06F2221/034Test or assess a computer or a system G06F2221/07Indexing scheme relating to G06F21/10, protecting distributed programs or content G06F2221/0702Binding G06F2221/0704Device G06F2221/0706Domain G06F2221/0708Location G06F2221/0711Token G06F2221/0713User G06F2221/0715Characteristics G06F2221/0717Domain G06F2221/072Knowledge G06F2221/0722Content G06F2221/0724Editing G06F2221/0726Personalisation G06F2221/0728Conversion G06F2221/0731On user or administrative requirements G06F2221/0733Watermark G06F2221/0735Restriction at operating system level G06F2221/0737Traceability G06F2221/074Tracing pattern recognition G06F2221/0742Enhanced product G06F2221/0744Unique instance G06F2221/0702 takes precedence G06F2221/0746Emerging technologies G06F2221/0748Hiding G06F2221/0751Key G06F2221/0753Distribution G06F2221/0755Generation G06F2221/0757Licence G06F2221/0759Conversion G06F2221/0762Definition G06F2221/0764Grace period G06F2221/0766Language G06F2221/0768Editing G06F2221/0771Revocation G06F2221/0773Recurrent authorisation G06F2221/0775Logging G06F2221/0777Return G06F2221/0779Transfer G06F2221/0782Backup or restore G06F2221/0784Fragments G06F2221/0786Indirect via third party G06F2221/0788Peer-to-Peer [P2P] G06F2221/0791Superdistribution G06F2221/0793Synchronisation G06F2221/0795Transaction with ACID [Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation and Durability] properties G06F2221/0797using dedicated hardware at the client G06F2221/21Indexing scheme relating to G06F21/00 and subgroups addressing additional information or applications relating to security arrangements for protecting computers, components thereof, programs or data against unauthorised activity G06F2221/2101Auditing as a secondary aspect G06F2221/2103Challenge-response G06F2221/2105Dual mode as a secondary aspect G06F2221/2107File encryption G06F2221/2109Game systems G06F2221/2111Location-sensitive, e.g. geographical location, GPS G06F2221/2113Multi-level security, e.g. mandatory access control G06F2221/2115Third party G06F2221/2117User registration G06F2221/2119Authenticating web pages, e.g. with suspicious links G06F2221/2121Chip on media, e.g. a disk or tape with a chip embedded in its case G06F2221/2123Dummy operation G06F2221/2125Just-in-time application of countermeasures, e.g., on-the-fly decryption, just-in-time obfuscation or de-obfuscation G06F2221/2127Bluffing G06F2221/2129Authenticate client device independently of the user G06F2221/2131Lost password, e.g. recovery of lost or forgotten passwords G06F2221/2133Verifying human interaction, e.g., Captcha G06F2221/2135Metering G06F2221/2137Time limited access, e.g. to a computer or data G06F2221/2139Recurrent verification G06F2221/2141Access rights, e.g. capability lists, access control lists, access tables, access matrices G06F2221/2143Clearing memory, e.g. to prevent the data from being stolen G06F2221/2145Inheriting rights or properties, e.g., propagation of permissions or restrictions within a hierarchy G06F2221/2147Locking files G06F2221/2149Restricted operating environment G06F2221/2151Time stamp G06F2221/2153Using hardware token as a secondary aspect