H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION arrangements common to telegraphic and telephonic communication H04MThis subclass covers transmission of signals having been supplied in digital form and includes data transmission, telegraphic communication, or methods or arrangements for monitoring.In this subclass, it is desirable to add the indexing codes of group H04L2101/00.The following IPC groups are not in the CPC scheme. The subject matter for these IPC groups is classified in the following CPC groups: H04L9/18 covered by H04L9/065H04L9/20 covered by H04L9/0656H04L9/22 covered by H04L9/0662H04L9/24 covered by H04L9/0662H04L9/26 covered by H04L9/0668H04L9/28 covered by H04L9/002, H04L9/008, H04L9/06, H04L9/08, H04L9/30, H04L9/32H04L12/20 covered by H04L69/00H04L25/04 covered by H04L25/03H04L25/17 covered by H04L25/02 - H04L25/0298H04L25/18 covered by H04L25/027H04L25/28 covered by H04L25/0268H04L25/30 covered by H04L25/061H04L25/32 covered by H04L25/49H04L25/34 covered by H04L25/4917H04L25/48 covered by H04L25/49H04L25/52 covered by H04L25/20H04L25/54 covered by H04L25/20H04L25/56 covered by H04L25/202H04L25/58 covered by H04L25/20H04L25/60 covered by H04L25/207H04L25/62 covered by H04L25/205H04L25/64 covered by H04L25/245H04L25/66 covered by H04L25/247In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme. H04L1/00 H04L1/00Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received correcting synchronisation H04L7/00 H04L1/0001Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff adaptive data allocation for multicarrier modulation H04L5/0044; controlling transmission power for radio systems H04W52/04 H04L1/0002by adapting the transmission rate H04L1/0003by switching between different modulation schemes H04L1/0004applied to control information H04L1/0005applied to payload information H04L1/0006by adapting the transmission format H04L1/0007by modifying the frame length H04L1/0008by supplementing frame payload, e.g. with padding bits H04L1/0009by adapting the channel coding H04L1/1812 takes precedence H04L1/001applied to control information H04L1/0011applied to payload information H04L1/0013Rate matching, e.g. puncturing or repetition of code symbols H04L1/0014by adapting the source coding H04L1/0015characterised by the adaptation strategy H04L1/0016involving special memory structures, e.g. look-up tables H04L1/0017where the mode-switching is based on Quality of Service requirement H04L1/0018based on latency requirement H04L1/0019in which mode-switching is based on a statistical approach H04L1/002Algorithms with memory of the previous states, e.g. Markovian models H04L1/0021in which the algorithm uses adaptive thresholds H04L1/0022in which mode-switching is influenced by the user H04L1/0023characterised by the signalling H04L1/0025Transmission of mode-switching indication H04L1/0026Transmission of channel quality indication H04L1/0027Scheduling of signalling, e.g. occurrence thereof H04L1/0028Formatting H04L1/0029Reduction of the amount of signalling, e.g. retention of useful signalling or differential signalling power control H04W52/04 H04L1/003Adaptive formatting arrangements particular to signalling, e.g. variable amount of bits H04L1/0031Multiple signaling transmission H04L1/1664, F15 take precedence H04L1/0032Without explicit signalling H04L1/0033arrangements specific to the transmitter H04L1/0034where the transmitter decides based on inferences, e.g. use of implicit signalling H04L1/0035evaluation of received explicit signalling H04L1/0036arrangements specific to the receiver H04L1/0038Blind format detection for detection of modulation format H04L27/0012 H04L1/0039other detection of signalling, e.g. detection of TFCI explicit signalling H04L1/0046, H04L27/0012 and H04L25/0262 take precedence H04L1/004by using forward error control H04L1/0618 takes precedence; coding, decoding or code conversion, for error detection or correction H03M13/00 H04L1/0041Arrangements at the transmitter end H04L1/0042Encoding specially adapted to other signal generation operation, e.g. in order to reduce transmit distortions, jitter, or to improve signal shape H04L1/0067 takes precedence H04L1/0043Realisations of complexity reduction techniques, e.g. use of look-up tables H04L1/0044specially adapted for power saving H04L1/0045Arrangements at the receiver end H04L1/0046Code rate detection or code type detection H04L1/0038 takes precedence; detection of the data rate H04L25/0262; for packet format H04L1/0091 H04L1/0047Decoding adapted to other signal detection operation in conjunction with sequence estimation or equalization H04L25/03286 H04L1/0048in conjunction with detection of multiuser or interfering signals, e.g. iteration between CDMA or MIMO detector and FEC decoder for spatial equalizer H04L25/03286 H04L1/005Iterative decoding, including iteration between signal detection and decoding operation H04L1/0051Stopping criteria H04L1/0052Realisations of complexity reduction techniques, e.g. pipelining or use of look-up tables H04L1/0053specially adapted for power saving H04L1/0054Maximum-likelihood or sequential decoding, e.g. Viterbi, Fano, ZJ algorithms H04L1/0055MAP-decoding H04L1/0056Systems characterized by the type of code used H04L1/08 takes precedence H04L1/0057Block codes H04L1/0061, H04L1/0064 take precedence H04L1/0058Block-coded modulation H04L1/0059Convolutional codes H04L1/006Trellis-coded modulation H04L1/0061Error detection codes H04L1/0063Single parity check H04L1/0064Concatenated codes H04L1/0065Serial concatenated codes H04L1/0066Parallel concatenated codes H04L1/0067Rate matching H04L1/0013 and H04L1/08 take precedence H04L1/0068by puncturing H04L1/0069Puncturing patterns H04L1/007Unequal error protection for format H04L1/0078; for codes per se H03M13/35 H04L1/0071Use of interleaving interleaving per se H03M13/27 H04L1/0072Error control for data other than payload data, e.g. control data H04L1/0073Special arrangements for feedback channel H04L1/0075Transmission of coding parameters to receiver H04L1/0023 takes precedence H04L1/0076Distributed coding, e.g. network coding, involving channel coding coding in both space and time H04L1/0618; cooperative diversity H04B7/022 H04L1/0077Cooperative coding H04L1/0078Avoidance of errors by organising the transmitted data in a format specifically designed to deal with errors, e.g. location forward error control, e.g. FEC, CRC H04L1/004; adaptive formatting H04L1/0006; mappings H04L27/00 H04L1/0079Formats for control data H04L1/16 takes precedence; training sequences H04L25/00 and H04L27/00 H04L1/008where the control data relates to payload of a different packet H04L1/0081Formats specially adapted to avoid errors in the feedback channel H04L1/1607 takes precedence H04L1/0082fields explicitly indicating existence of error in data being transmitted, e.g. so that downstream stations can avoid decoding erroneous packet; relays H04L1/0083Formatting with frames or packets; Protocol or part of protocol for error control H04L1/0084Formats for payload data H04L1/0085Formatting with cells H04L1/0086Unequal error protection H04L27/00 and H04L1/004 take precedence for layer 1/2 aspects, e.g. bit loading H04L1/0088in control part H04L1/0089in payload H04L1/009arrangements specific to transmitters H04L1/0091arrangements specific to receivers, e.g. format detection detection of data rate H04L25/0262; detection of coding rate H04L1/0046 H04L2001/0092Error control systems characterised by the topology of the transmission link H04L2001/0093Point-to-multipoint H04L2001/0094Bus H04L2001/0095Ring H04L2001/0096Channel splitting in point-to-point links H04L2001/0097Relays H04L2001/0098Unequal error protection H04L1/02by diversity reception H04L1/04using frequency diversity H04L1/06using space diversity H04L1/0606Space-frequency coding H04L1/0612Space-time modulation H04L1/0618Space-time coding H04L1/0625Transmitter arrangements H04L1/0631Receiver arrangements H04L1/0637Properties of the code H04L1/0643block codes H04L1/065by means of convolutional encoding H04L1/0656Cyclotomic systems, e.g. Bell Labs Layered Space-Time [BLAST] H04L1/0662Limited orthogonality systems H04L1/0668Orthogonal systems, e.g. using Alamouti codes H04L1/0675characterised by the signaling H04L1/0681adapting space time parameters, i.e. modifying the space time matrix H04L1/0687Full feedback H04L1/0693Partial feedback, e.g. partial channel state information [CSI] H04L1/08by repeating transmission, e.g. Verdan system H04L1/1858 and H04L1/189 take precedence H04L1/12by using return channel H04L2001/125Arrangements for preventing errors in the return channel H04L1/14in which the signals are sent back to the transmitter to be checked ; echo systems H04L1/16in which the return channel carries supervisory signals, e.g. repetition request signals H04L1/1607Details of the supervisory signal H04L1/1614using bitmaps H04L1/1621Group acknowledgement, i.e. the acknowledgement message defining a range of identifiers, e.g. of sequence numbers H04L1/1628List acknowledgements, i.e. the acknowledgement message consisting of a list of identifiers, e.g. of sequence numbers H04L1/1614 takes precedence H04L1/1635Cumulative acknowledgement, i.e. the acknowledgement message applying to all previous messages H04L1/1642Formats specially adapted for sequence numbers H04L1/165Variable formats H04L1/1657Implicit acknowledgement of correct or incorrect reception, e.g. with a moving window H04L1/1664the supervisory signal being transmitted together with payload signals; piggybacking H04L1/1671the supervisory signal being transmitted together with control information H04L1/1678where the control information is for timing, e.g. time stamps H04L1/1685the supervisory signal being transmitted in response to a specific request, e.g. to a polling signal H04L1/1692Physical properties of the supervisory signal, e.g. acknowledgement by energy bursts H04L1/18Automatic repetition systems, e.g. Van Duuren systems H04L1/1803Stop-and-wait protocols H04L1/1806Go-back-N protocols H04L1/1809Selective-repeat protocols H04L1/1812Hybrid protocolsHybrid automatic repeat request [HARQ] H04L1/1816with retransmission of the same, encoded, message H04L1/1819with retransmission of additional or different redundancy H04L1/1822involving configuration of automatic repeat request [ARQ] with parallel processes H04L1/1825Adaptation of specific ARQ protocol parameters according to transmission conditions H04L1/1829Arrangements specially adapted for the receiver end H04L1/1832Details of sliding window management H04L1/1835Buffer management H04L1/1838for semi-reliable protocols, e.g. for less sensitive applications such as streaming video buffer level management for video bitstream receiver H04N21/44004 H04L1/1841Resequencing H04L1/1845Combining techniques, e.g. code combining H04L1/1848Time-out mechanisms H04L1/1851using multiple timers H04L1/1854Scheduling and prioritising arrangements H04L1/1858Transmission or retransmission of more than one copy of acknowledgement message H04L1/1861Physical mapping arrangements for ACK signaling see also H04L5/0053 H04L1/1864ARQ related signaling H04L1/1607 takes precedence H04L1/1867Arrangements specially adapted for the transmitter end H04L1/187Details of sliding window management H04L1/1874Buffer management H04L1/1877for semi-reliable protocols, e.g. for less sensitive applications like streaming video buffer level management for video bitstream control arrangements H04N21/44004 H04L1/188Time-out mechanisms H04L1/1883using multiple timers H04L1/1887Scheduling and prioritising arrangements H04L1/189Transmission or retransmission of more than one copy of a message H04L1/1893Physical mapping arrangements physical resource mapping in general H04L5/00 H04L1/1896ARQ related signaling H04L1/20using signal quality detector H04L1/201Frame classification, e.g. bad, good or erased frame indication per se H04L1/0082 H04L1/203Details of error rate determination, e.g. BER, FER or WER H04L1/205jitter monitoring H04L1/206for modulated signals H04L1/208involving signal re-encoding H04L1/22using redundant apparatus to increase reliability H04L1/24Testing correct operation H04L1/241using pseudo-errors H04L1/242by comparing a transmitted test signal with a locally generated replica H04L1/243at the transmitter, using a loop-back H04L1/244test sequence generators H04L1/245by using the properties of transmission codes H04L1/246two-level transmission codes, e.g. binary H04L1/247three-level transmission codes, e.g. ternary H04L1/248Distortion measuring systems measurement of non-linear distortion G01R23/20; measuring characteristics of individual pulses, e.g. deviation from pulse flatness, rise time, duration G01R29/02 H04L5/00Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path H04L5/0001Arrangements for dividing the transmission path duplexing H04L5/14; multiplexing of different sources on one path H04J H04L5/0003Two-dimensional division time-code division H04J11/00, H04J13/00; for time-space division H04B7/0413, H04B7/0697 H04L5/0005Time-frequency H04L5/0007the frequencies being orthogonal, e.g. OFDM(A), DMT H04L5/0008Wavelet-division H04L5/001the frequencies being arranged in component carriers H04L5/0012Hopping in multicarrier systems for frequency hopping in spread spectrum systems H04B1/713 H04L5/0014Three-dimensional division time-code-space division H04B7/0413, H04B7/0697 H04L5/0016Time-frequency-code H04L5/0017in which a distinct code is applied, as a temporal sequence, to each frequency H04L5/0019in which one code is applied, as a temporal sequence, to all frequencies H04L5/0021in which codes are applied as a frequency-domain sequences, e.g. MC-CDMA H04L5/0023Time-frequency-space H04L5/0025Spatial division following the spatial signature of the channel H04L5/0026Division using four or more dimensions H04L5/0028Variable division signaling therefor H04L5/0092 H04L5/003Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path H04L5/0032Distributed allocation, i.e. involving a plurality of allocating devices, each making partial allocation H04L5/0033each allocating device acting autonomously, i.e. without negotiation with other allocating devices H04L5/0035Resource allocation in a cooperative multipoint environment H04L5/0037Inter-user or inter-terminal allocation H04L5/0039Frequency-contiguous, i.e. with no allocation of frequencies for one user or terminal between the frequencies allocated to another H04L5/0041Frequency-non-contiguous H04L5/0042intra-user or intra-terminal allocation H04L5/0044allocation of payloadGroups H04L5/0044 and H04L5/0046 are incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group H04L27/2608.
Group H04L27/2608, H04L5/0044 and H04L5/0046 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L5/0046Determination of how many bits are transmitted on different sub-channels H04L5/0048Allocation of pilot signals, i.e. of signals known to the receiverGroups H04L5/0048 - H04L5/0051 are incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group H04L27/2611.
All groups listed in this Warning should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L5/005of common pilots, i.e. pilots destined for multiple users or terminals H04L5/0051of dedicated pilots, i.e. pilots destined for a single user or terminal H04L5/0053Allocation of signaling, i.e. of overhead other than pilot signals H04L5/0055Physical resource allocation for ACK/NACK for physical mapping arrangements in ARQ protocols H04L1/1861 H04L5/0057Physical resource allocation for CQI H04L5/0058Allocation criteria H04L5/006Quality of the received signal, e.g. BER, SNR, water filling H04L5/0062Avoidance of ingress interference, e.g. ham radio channels H04L5/0064Rate requirement of the data, e.g. scalable bandwidth, data priority H04L5/0066Requirements on out-of-channel emissions H04L5/0067Allocation algorithms which involve graph matching H04L5/0069Allocation based on distance or geographical location allocation based on terminal or device properties in general, H04W72/51 H04L5/0071Allocation based on fairness other than the proportional kind H04L5/0073Allocation arrangements that take into account other cell interferences for intercell interference mitigation or co-ordination in orthogonal multiplex systems H04J11/005 H04L5/0075Allocation using proportional fairness H04L5/0076Allocation utility-based H04L5/0078Timing of allocation H04L5/008once only, on installation H04L5/0082at predetermined intervals H04L5/0083symbol-by-symbol H04L5/0085when channel conditions change H04L5/0087when data requirements change H04L5/0089due to addition or removal of users or terminals H04L5/0091Signaling for the administration of the divided path H04L5/0092Indication of how the channel is divided H04L5/0094Indication of how sub-channels of the path are allocated H04L5/0096Indication of changes in allocation H04L5/0098Signalling of the activation or deactivation of component carriers, subcarriers or frequency bands H04L5/02Channels characterised by the type of signal H04L5/023Multiplexing of multicarrier modulation signals multicarrier modulation H04L27/2601 H04L5/026using code division H04L5/04the signals being represented by different amplitudes or polarities, e.g. quadriplex H04L5/06the signals being represented by different frequencies combined with time-division multiplexing H04L5/26 H04L5/08each combination of signals in different channels being represented by a fixed frequency H04L5/10with dynamo-electric generation of carrierswith mechanical filters or demodulators H04L5/12the signals being represented by different phase modulations of a single carrier H04L5/14Two-way operation using the same type of signal, i.e. duplex H04L5/1407Artificial lines or their setting for line transmission systems in general H04B3/40 H04L5/1415using control lines H04L5/1423for simultaneous baseband signals H04L5/143for modulated signals H04L5/1469 takes precedence H04L5/1438Negotiation of transmission parameters prior to communication modified according to link quality H04L1/0001 H04L5/1446of transmission speed H04L5/1453of modulation type H04L5/1461Suppression of signals in the return path, i.e. bidirectional control circuits H04L5/1469using time-sharing H04L5/1476operating bitwise H04L5/1484operating bytewise H04L5/1492with time compression, e.g. operating according to the ping-pong technique H04L5/16Half-duplex systemsSimplex/duplex switchingTransmission of break signals non-automatically inverting the direction of transmission H04L5/18Automatic changing of the traffic direction H04L5/20using different combinations of lines, e.g. phantom working H04L5/22using time-division multiplexing H04L5/225combined with the use of transition coding transition coding H04L25/493 H04L5/24with start-stop synchronous converters H04L5/245with a number of discharge tubes or semiconductor elements which successively connect the different channels to the transmission channels see: H04L13/00 - H04L23/00, H03K5/15, H03K17/62, H04J3/047 H04L5/26combined with the use of different frequencies H04L7/00Arrangements for synchronising receiver with transmitter synchronisation of generators of electric oscillations or pulses H03L7/00 H04L7/0004Initialisation of the receiver H04L7/0075 and H04L7/10 take precedence H04L7/0008Synchronisation information channels, e.g. clock distribution lines H04L7/0012by comparing receiver clock with transmitter clock H04L7/0016correction of synchronization errors H04L7/002correction by interpolation H04L7/0025interpolation of clock signal H04L7/0029interpolation of received data signal H04L7/0033Correction by delay H04L7/0037Delay of clock signal H04L7/0041Delay of data signal H04L7/0045Correction by a latch cascade H04L7/005Correction by an elastic buffer H04L7/0054Detection of the synchronisation error by features other than the received signal transition by means of signal transition H04L7/033 H04L7/0058detection of error based on equalizer tap values H04L7/0062detection of error based on data decision error, e.g. Mueller type detection H04L7/0066detection of error based on transmission code rule H04L7/007detection of error based on maximum signal power, e.g. peak value, maximizing autocorrelation H04L7/0075with photonic or optical means H04L7/0079Receiver details H04L7/0083taking measures against momentary loss of synchronisation, e.g. inhibiting the synchronisation, using idle words or using redundant clocks H04L7/0087Preprocessing of received signal for synchronisation, e.g. by code conversion, pulse generation or edge detection H04L7/0091Transmitter details H04L7/0095with mechanical means H04L7/02Speed or phase control by the received code signals, the signals containing no special synchronisation information H04L7/0075 takes precedence H04L7/027extracting the synchronising or clock signal from the received signal spectrum, e.g. by using a resonant or bandpass circuit H04L7/0272with squaring loop H04L7/0274with Costas loop H04L7/0276Self-sustaining, e.g. by tuned delay line and a feedback path to a logical gate H04L7/0278Band edge detection H04L7/033using the transitions of the received signal to control the phase of the synchronising-signal-generating means, e.g. using a phase-locked loop H04L7/0331with a digital phase-locked loop [PLL] processing binary samples, e.g. add/subtract logic for correction of receiver clock H04L7/0337 takes precedence H04L7/0332with an integrator-detector H04L7/0334Processing of samples having at least three levels, e.g. soft decisions H04L7/0335Gardner detector H04L7/0337Selecting between two or more discretely delayed clocks or selecting between two or more discretely delayed received code signals H04L7/0338the correction of the phase error being performed by a feed forward loop H04L7/04Speed or phase control by synchronisation signals H04L7/0075 takes precedence H04L7/041using special codes as synchronising signal H04L7/042Detectors therefor, e.g. correlators, state machines digital correlators in general G06F17/15 H04L7/043Pseudo-noise [PN] codes variable during transmission synchronisation of spread spectrum receivers H04B1/69 H04L7/044using a single bit, e.g. start stop bit H04L2007/045Fill bit or bits, idle words H04L7/046using a dotting sequence H04L2007/047using a sine signal or unmodulated carrier H04L7/048using the properties of error detecting or error correcting codes, e.g. parity as synchronisation signal H04L7/06the synchronisation signals differing from the information signals in amplitude, polarity or frequency or length H04L7/065and superimposed by modulation H04L7/08the synchronisation signals recurring cyclically H04L7/10Arrangements for initial synchronisation H04L9/00Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communicationsNetwork security protocolsThis group covers: 1.1 Cryptographic mechanisms including cryptographic protocols and cryptographic algorithms, whereby a cryptographic protocol is a distributed cryptographic algorithm defined by a sequence of steps precisely specifying the actions required of two or more entities to achieve specific security objectives (e.g. cryptographic protocol for key agreement), and whereby a cryptographic algorithm is specifying the steps followed by a single entity to achieve specific security objectives (e.g. cryptographic algorithm for symmetric key encryption). 1.2 H04L9/00 focuses on cryptographic mechanisms such as encryption schemes, digital signatures, hash functions, random number generation, key management, said cryptographic mechanisms providing information security such as privacy or confidentiality, data integrity, message authentication, entity authentication, authorization, validation, certification, time-stamping, anonymity, revocation, non-repudiation. 1.3 H04L9/00 covers also countermeasures against attacks on cryptographic mechanisms. This group does not cover: 2.1 Networking architectures or network communication protocols for securing the traffic flowing through data packet networks and providing secure exchanges among applications communicating through data packet networks, which are covered by H04L63/00. Attention is drawn to the Note 1. after group H04L63/002.2 Security arrangements for protecting computers or computer systems against unauthorised activity, which are covered by G06F21/00 In subgroups H04L9/001 - H04L9/38, the last place priority rule is applied, i.e. at each hierarchical level, in the absence of an indication to the contrary, classification is made in the last appropriate place. H04L9/001using chaotic signals H04L9/002Countermeasures against attacks on cryptographic mechanisms network architectures or network communication protocols for protection against malicious traffic H04L63/1441 H04L9/003for power analysis, e.g. differential power analysis [DPA] or simple power analysis [SPA] H04L9/004for fault attacks H04L9/005for timing attacks H04L9/006involving public key infrastructure [PKI] trust models network architecture or network communication protocol for supporting authentication of entities using certificates in a packet data network H04L63/0823 H04L9/007involving hierarchical structures H04L9/008involving homomorphic encryption H04L9/06the encryption apparatus using shift registers or memories for block-wise or stream coding, e.g. DES systems or RC4; Hash functions; Pseudorandom sequence generators H04L9/0618Block ciphers, i.e. encrypting groups of characters of a plain text message using fixed encryption transformation H04L9/0625with splitting of the data block into left and right halves, e.g. Feistel based algorithms, DES, FEAL, IDEA or KASUMI H04L9/0631Substitution permutation network [SPN], i.e. cipher composed of a number of stages or rounds each involving linear and nonlinear transformations, e.g. AES algorithms H04L9/0637Modes of operation, e.g. cipher block chaining [CBC], electronic codebook [ECB] or Galois/counter mode [GCM] H04L9/0643Hash functions, e.g. MD5, SHA, HMAC or f9 MAC H04L9/065Encryption by serially and continuously modifying data stream elements, e.g. stream cipher systems, RC4, SEAL or A5/3 H04L9/0656Pseudorandom key sequence combined element-for-element with data sequence, e.g. one-time-pad [OTP] or Vernam's cipher H04L9/0662with particular pseudorandom sequence generator H04L9/0668producing a non-linear pseudorandom sequence H04L9/08Key distribution or management, e.g. generation, sharing or updating, of cryptographic keys or passwords network architectures or network communication protocols for supporting key management in a packet data network H04L63/06 H04L9/0816Key establishment, i.e. cryptographic processes or cryptographic protocols whereby a shared secret becomes available to two or more parties, for subsequent use H04L9/0819Key transport or distribution, i.e. key establishment techniques where one party creates or otherwise obtains a secret value, and securely transfers it to the other(s) network architectures or network communication protocols for key distribution in a packet data network H04L63/062 H04L9/0822using key encryption key H04L9/0825using asymmetric-key encryption or public key infrastructure [PKI], e.g. key signature or public key certificates H04L9/0827involving distinctive intermediate devices or communication paths network architectures or network communication protocols using different networks H04L63/18 H04L9/083involving central third party, e.g. key distribution center [KDC] or trusted third party [TTP] H04L9/0833involving conference or group key network architectures or network communication protocols for key management in group communication in a packet data network H04L63/065 H04L9/0836using tree structure or hierarchical structure H04L9/0838Key agreement, i.e. key establishment technique in which a shared key is derived by parties as a function of information contributed by, or associated with, each of these network architectures or network communication protocols for key exchange in a packet data network H04L63/061 H04L9/0841involving Diffie-Hellman or related key agreement protocols H04L9/0844with user authentication or key authentication, e.g. ElGamal, MTI, MQV-Menezes-Qu-Vanstone protocol or Diffie-Hellman protocols using implicitly-certified keys H04L9/0847involving identity based encryption [IBE] schemes H04L9/085Secret sharing or secret splitting, e.g. threshold schemes H04L9/0852Quantum cryptography transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. light, infra-red H04B10/00; wavelength-division multiplex systems H04J14/02 H04L9/0855involving additional nodes, e.g. quantum relays, repeaters, intermediate nodes or remote nodes H04L9/0858Details about key distillation or coding, e.g. reconciliation, error correction, privacy amplification, polarisation coding or phase coding H04L9/0861Generation of secret information including derivation or calculation of cryptographic keys or passwords H04L9/0863involving passwords or one-time passwords network architectures or network communication protocols for using one-time keys in a packet data network H04L63/067 H04L9/0866involving user or device identifiers, e.g. serial number, physical or biometrical information, DNA, hand-signature or measurable physical characteristics H04L9/0869involving random numbers or seeds H04L9/0872using geo-location information, e.g. location data, time, relative position or proximity to other entities H04L9/0875based on channel impulse response [CIR] H04L9/0877using additional device, e.g. trusted platform module [TPM], smartcard, USB or hardware security module [HSM] H04L9/088Usage controlling of secret information, e.g. techniques for restricting cryptographic keys to pre-authorized uses, different access levels, validity of crypto-period, different key- or password length, or different strong and weak cryptographic algorithms network architectures or network communication protocols for using time-dependent keys in a packet data network H04L63/068 H04L9/0891Revocation or update of secret information, e.g. encryption key update or rekeying H04L9/0894Escrow, recovery or storing of secret information, e.g. secret key escrow or cryptographic key storage H04L9/0897involving additional devices, e.g. trusted platform module [TPM], smartcard or USB H04L9/10with particular housing, physical features or manual controls H04L9/12Transmitting and receiving encryption devices synchronised or initially set up in a particular manner H04L9/14using a plurality of keys or algorithms H04L9/16the keys or algorithms being changed during operation H04L9/30Public key, i.e. encryption algorithm being computationally infeasible to invert or user's encryption keys not requiring secrecy H04L9/3006underlying computational problems or public-key parameters H04L9/3013involving the discrete logarithm problem, e.g. ElGamal or Diffie-Hellman systems H04L9/302involving the integer factorization problem, e.g. RSA or quadratic sieve [QS] schemes H04L9/3026details relating to polynomials generation, e.g. generation of irreducible polynomials H04L9/3033details relating to pseudo-prime or prime number generation, e.g. primality test H04L9/304based on error correction codes, e.g. McEliece H04L9/3066involving algebraic varieties, e.g. elliptic or hyper-elliptic curves H04L9/3073involving pairings, e.g. identity based encryption [IBE], bilinear mappings or bilinear pairings, e.g. Weil or Tate pairing H04L9/3093involving Lattices or polynomial equations, e.g. NTRU scheme H04L9/32including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system or for message authentication, e.g. authorization, entity authentication, data integrity or data verification, non-repudiation, key authentication or verification of credentials H04L9/321involving a third party or a trusted authority H04L9/3213using tickets or tokens, e.g. Kerberos network architectures or network communication protocols for entities authentication using tickets in a packet data network H04L63/0807 H04L9/3215using a plurality of channels network architectures or network communication protocols using different networks H04L63/18 H04L9/3218using proof of knowledge, e.g. Fiat-Shamir, GQ, Schnorr, ornon-interactive zero-knowledge proofs H04L9/3221interactive zero-knowledge proofs H04L9/3226using a predetermined code, e.g. password, passphrase or PIN network architectures or network communication protocols for supporting authentication of entities using passwords in a packet data network H04L63/083 H04L9/3228One-time or temporary data, i.e. information which is sent for every authentication or authorization, e.g. one-time-password, one-time-token or one-time-key H04L9/3231Biological data, e.g. fingerprint, voice or retina network architectures or network communication protocols for supporting authentication of entities using biometrical features in a packet data network H04L63/0861 H04L9/3234involving additional secure or trusted devices, e.g. TPM, smartcard, USB or software token network architectures or network communication protocols for supporting authentication of entities using an additional device in a packet data network H04L63/0853 H04L9/3236using cryptographic hash functions H04L9/3239involving non-keyed hash functions, e.g. modification detection codes [MDCs], MD5, SHA or RIPEMD H04L9/3242involving keyed hash functions, e.g. message authentication codes [MACs], CBC-MAC or HMAC H04L9/3247involving digital signatures H04L9/3249using RSA or related signature schemes, e.g. Rabin scheme H04L9/3252using DSA or related signature schemes, e.g. elliptic based signatures, ElGamal or Schnorr schemes H04L9/3255using group based signatures, e.g. ring or threshold signatures H04L9/3257using blind signatures H04L9/3263involving certificates, e.g. public key certificate [PKC] or attribute certificate [AC]; Public key infrastructure [PKI] arrangements network architectures or network communication protocols for supporting authentication of entities using certificates in a packet data network H04L63/0823 H04L9/3265using certificate chains, trees or paths; Hierarchical trust model H04L9/3268using certificate validation, registration, distribution or revocation, e.g. certificate revocation list [CRL] H04L9/3271using challenge-response H04L9/3273for mutual authentication network architectures or network communication protocols for achieving mutual authentication in a packet data network H04L63/0869 H04L9/3278using physically unclonable functions [PUF] H04L9/3297involving time stamps, e.g. generation of time stamps H04L9/34Bits, or blocks of bits, of the telegraphic message being interchanged in time for speech signals H04K1/06 H04L9/36with means for detecting characters not meant for transmission H04L9/38Encryption being effected by mechanical apparatus, e.g. rotating cams, switches, keytape punchers H04L9/40Network security protocolsWhen allocating H04L9/40 to patent documents, attention should be made to check whether other subgroups from H04L63/00 need to be allocated also for a complete classification.Group H04L9/40 is impacted by reclassification into groups H04L61/09, H04L63/00, H04L65/60, H04L65/61, H04L65/611, H04L65/612, H04L65/613, H04L65/65, H04L65/70, H04L65/75, H04L65/752, H04L65/756, H04L67/01, H04L67/1001, H04L67/10015, H04L67/131, H04L67/133, H04L67/1396 and H04L67/50.
All groups listed in this Warning should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L9/50using hash chains, e.g. blockchains or hash trees H04L12/00Data switching networks interconnection of, or transfer of information or other signals between, memories, input/output devices or central processing units G06F13/00 H04L12/02Details H04L12/04Switchboards H04L12/06Answer-back mechanisms or circuits H04L12/08Allotting numbers to messagesCounting characters, words or messages H04L12/10Current supply arrangements H04L12/12Arrangements for remote connection or disconnection of substations or of equipment thereof H04L12/14Charging , metering or billing arrangements for data wireline or wireless communications H04L12/1403Architecture for metering, charging or billing H04L12/1407Policy-and-charging control [PCC] architecture H04L12/141Indication of costs H04L12/1414in real-time H04L12/1417Advice of charge with threshold, e.g. user indicating maximum cost H04L12/1421Indication of expected costs H04L12/1425involving dedicated fields in the data packet for billing purposes H04L12/1428Invoice generation, e.g. customization, lay-out, database processing, algorithms for calculating the bill or formatting invoices as WWW pages invoicing in general G06Q30/04 H04L12/1432Metric aspects H04L12/1435volume-based H04L12/1439time-based H04L12/1442at network operator level H04L12/1446inter-operator billing H04L12/145trading network capacity or selecting route based on tariff H04L12/1453Methods or systems for payment or settlement of the charges for data transmission involving significant interaction with the data transmission network H04L12/1457using an account H04L12/146using digital cash H04L12/1464using a card, such as credit card, prepay card or SIM H04L12/1467involving prepayment H04L12/1471splitting of costs H04L12/1475the splitting involving a third party H04L12/1478the splitting involving only the communication parties H04L12/1482involving use of telephony infrastructure for billing for the transport of data, e.g. call detail record [CDR] or intelligent network infrastructure H04L12/1485Tariff-related aspects H04L12/1489dependent on congestion H04L12/1492negotiation of tariff H04L12/1496involving discounts H04L12/16Arrangements for providing special services to substations H04L12/18for broadcast or conference , e.g. multicast H04L12/1804for stock exchange and similar applications H04L12/1809for auctioneering devices H04L12/1813for computer conferences, e.g. chat rooms instant messaging H04L51/04; protocols for multimedia communication H04L65/1101; arrangements for multi-party communication H04L65/403; telephonic conference arrangements H04M3/56; television conference systems H04N7/15 H04L12/1818Conference organisation arrangements, e.g. handling schedules, setting up parameters needed by nodes to attend a conference, booking network resources, notifying involved parties H04L12/1822Conducting the conference, e.g. admission, detection, selection or grouping of participants, correlating users to one or more conference sessions, prioritising transmission H04L12/1827Network arrangements for conference optimisation or adaptation H04L12/1831Tracking arrangements for later retrieval, e.g. recording contents, participants activities or behavior, network status H04L12/1836with heterogeneous network architecture H04L12/184with heterogeneous receivers, e.g. layered multicast H04L12/1845broadcast or multicast in a specific location, e.g. geocast protocols for adapting network applications to user terminal location H04L67/52; services specially adapted for wireless communication networks making use of the location of users or terminals H04W4/02 H04L12/185with management of multicast group membership H04L12/1854with non-centralised forwarding system, e.g. chaincast H04L12/1859adapted to provide push services, e.g. data channels H04L12/1863comprising mechanisms for improved reliability, e.g. status reports arrangements for detecting or preventing errors by carrying supervisory signal the return channel H04L1/16 H04L12/1868Measures taken after transmission, e.g. acknowledgments H04L12/1872avoiding ACK or NACK implosion H04L12/1877Measures taken prior to transmission H04L12/1881with schedule organisation, e.g. priority, sequence management H04L12/1886with traffic restrictions for efficiency improvement, e.g. involving subnets or subdomains H04L12/189in combination with wireless systems selective distribution or broadcast in wireless communication networks H04W4/06 H04L12/1895for short real-time information, e.g. alarms, notifications, alerts, updates H04L12/22Arrangements for preventing the taking of data from a data transmission channel without authorisation means for verifying the identity or the authority of a user of a secure or secret communication system H04L9/32 H04L12/28characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks] wireless communication networks H04W ; arrangements for dividing the transmission path H04W40/00 H04L12/2801Broadband local area networks H04L12/2803Home automation networks H04L12/2805Home Audio Video Interoperability [HAVI] networks H04L12/2807Exchanging configuration information on appliance services in a home automation network arrangements for maintenance or administration involving network analysis for automatically determining the actual topology of a network H04L41/12; hardware or software tools for network management using graphical user interfaces H04L41/22; address allocation H04L61/50 H04L12/2809indicating that an appliance service is present in a home automation network monitoring functionality H04L43/0817; discovery or management thereof, e.g. service location protocol [SLP] or web services, H04L67/51 H04L12/281indicating a format for calling an appliance service function in a home automation network for remote control or remote monitoring of applications H04L67/025 H04L12/2812describing content present in a home automation network, e.g. audio video content retrieval from the Internet G06F16/95 H04L12/2814Exchanging control software or macros for controlling appliance services in a home automation network arrangements for maintenance or administration involving configuration of the network and network elements H04L41/08 H04L12/2816Controlling appliance services of a home automation network by calling their functionalities arrangements in telecontrol or telemetry systems for selectively calling a substation from a main station; in which substation desired apparatus is selected for applying a control signal thereto or for obtaining measured values therefrom H04Q9/00 H04L12/2818from a device located outside both the home and the home network access arrangements H04L12/2856; for remote control or remote monitoring of applications H04L67/025; arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless eletrical link G08C17/00; telephonic communication systems adapted for combination with remote control systems H04M11/007 H04L12/282based on user interaction within the home receiver circuitry for displaying additional information being controlled by a remote control apparatus H04N21/42204 H04L12/2821Avoiding conflicts related to the use of home appliances cryptographic protocols H04L9/00; protocols for network security H04L63/00 H04L12/2823Reporting information sensed by appliance or service execution status of appliance services in a home automation network device-related reporting H04L43/065; arrangements in telecontrol or telemetry systems for selectively calling a substation from a main station, in which substation desired apparatus is selected for applying a control signal thereto or for obtaining measured values therefrom H04Q9/00 H04L12/2825Reporting to a device located outside the home and the home network access arrangements H04L12/2856; for remote control or remote monitoring of applications H04L67/025; telephonic communication systems adapted for combination with telemetering systems H04M11/002 H04L12/2827Reporting to a device within the home network; wherein the reception of the information reported automatically triggers the execution of a home appliance functionality H04L12/2829involving user profiles according to which the execution of a home appliance functionality is automatically triggered H04L12/283Processing of data at an internetworking point of a home automation network H04L12/2832Interconnection of the control functionalities between home networks single bridge functionality H04L12/4625 H04L12/2834Switching of information between an external network and a home network access arrangements H04L12/2856 H04L12/2836Protocol conversion between an external network and a home network controlling appliance services of a home automation network from a device located outside the home and the home network H04L12/2818; protocol conversion H04L69/08; adaptation of digital video signals for transport over a specific home network H04N7/24 H04L12/2838Distribution of signals within a home automation network, e.g. involving splitting/multiplexing signals to/from different paths adaptations of television systems for transmission by electric cable for domestic distribution H04N7/106; hybrid transport H04L12/6418; home network arrangements specially adapted for distribution of digital video signals H04N7/24 H04L2012/284characterised by the type of medium used H04L2012/2841Wireless H04L2012/2843Mains power line H04L2012/2845Telephone line H04L2012/2847characterised by the type of home appliance used H04L2012/2849Audio/video appliances H04L2012/285Generic home appliances, e.g. refrigerators H04L12/2852Metropolitan area networks H04L12/2854Wide area networks, e.g. public data networks H04L12/2856Access arrangements, e.g. Internet access asynchronous transfer mode networks H04L12/5601; broadband local area networks H04L12/2801; optical access or distribution networks H04Q11/0067; access to open networks H04L12/5691; digital subscriber line end-user equipment and bit-level processing of data on a PSTN-based network H04M11/00; home network gateways H04L12/2834; wireless access networks H04WThis group covers: access to a public data network, such as an IP network, for subscribers, i.e. customers of a network service provider, over a wired network. communication of generic types of data between end-user equipments, located typically at the subscriber premises, and an access server, which acts as interface between the access network and the public data network. This group does not cover: wireless access networks, which are covered by H04Woptical distribution networks, which are covered by H04Q11/0067bit-level, or PHY layer, processing of data between digital subscriber line equipments, which is covered by H04M11/06design of DSL, digital subscriber line, modems, which is covered by H04M11/06exchange of data related to functionalities of home network appliances between a home network and an external network, which is covered by H04L12/2803management of WDM parameters in optical multiplex systems, which is covered by H04J14/02circuit-switched access networks, which are covered by H04M7/1205access arrangements for providing telephone service in networks other than PSTN/ISDN, which are covered by H04M7/0066In this group the following terms or expressions are used with the meaning indicated: ATM means Asynchronous Transfer Mode LAN means Local Area Network BRAS means Broadband Remote Access Server DSLAM means Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexer MSAN means MultiService Access Node DSL means Digital Subscriber Line IP means Internet Protocol WDM means Wavelength Division Multiplexing SDH means Synchronous Digital Hierarchy OTN means Optical Transport Network PSTN means Public Switched Telephone Network ISDN means Integrated Services Digital Network TDM means Time-Division Multiplexing TDMA means Time Division Multiple Access H04L12/2858Access network architectures H04L12/2859Point-to-point connection between the data network and the subscribers encapsulation H04L12/4633; virtual LANs H04L12/4641; routing of packets H04L45/00 H04L12/2861Point-to-multipoint connection from the data network to the subscribers H04L12/2863Arrangements for combining access network resources elements, e.g. channel bonding modem pooling H04L25/14; routing of packets H04L45/00; multichannel or multilink protocols H04L69/14 H04L12/2865Logical combinations H04L12/2867Physical combinations H04L12/2869Operational details of access network equipments admission control or resource allocation in access networks H04L12/5692 H04L12/287Remote access server, e.g. BRAS H04L12/2872Termination of subscriber connections H04L12/2874Processing of data for distribution to the subscribers H04L12/2876Handling of subscriber policies group policies management H04L41/0893 H04L12/2878Access multiplexer, e.g. DSLAM generic distributed time multiplexers, e.g. TDM/TDMA H04J3/1694 H04L12/2879characterised by the network type on the uplink side, i.e. towards the service provider network H04L12/2881IP/Ethernet DSLAM H04L12/2883ATM DSLAM H04L12/2885Arrangements interfacing with optical systems optical network equipment H04B10/00; optical multiplexers H04J14/00 H04L12/2887characterised by the offered subscriber services H04L12/2889Multiservice, e.g. MSAN H04L12/289Single service H04L12/2892characterised by the access multiplexer architecture H04L12/2894Centralized processing H04L12/2896Distributed processing, e.g. on line cards H04L12/2898Subscriber equipments DSL modems H04M11/062; cable modems H04L12/2801 H04L12/40Bus networks H04L12/40006Architecture of a communication node current supply arrangements H04L12/10; intermediate storage or scheduling H04L49/90 In this group the following terms or expressions are used with the meaning indicated: a bus controller is a microprocessor dedicated to input and output of data by a node on a bus; a bus master is a device controlling which node accesses the bus at a particular time; a bus guardian is a device monitoring the timing of node accesses on the bus; a bus interface enhancer is a hardware or software arrangement managing the bus controller or the bus interface to modify its behaviour or providing a transparent interface to the bus controller H04L12/40013Details regarding a bus controller H04L12/40019Details regarding a bus master H04L12/40026Details regarding a bus guardian H04L12/40032Details regarding a bus interface enhancer H04L12/40039Details regarding the setting of the power status of a node according to activity on the bus H04L12/40045Details regarding the feeding of energy to the node from the bus H04L12/40052High-speed IEEE 1394 serial bus bus transfer protocol on a daisy chain bus using an embedded synchronisation G06F13/426 H04L12/40058Isochronous transmission H04L12/40065Bandwidth and channel allocation home automation networks H04L12/2803; flow control H04L47/10 H04L12/40071Packet processing; Packet format adaptation of digital video signals for transport over a specific network H04N21/2381, H04N21/4363, H04N21/4381; packet switches H04L49/00; intermediate storage or scheduling H04L49/90 H04L12/40078Bus configuration home automation networks H04L12/2803; arrangements for maintenance or administration H04L41/00 H04L12/40084Bus arbitration H04L12/40091Bus bridging LAN interconnection over a bridge based backbone H04L12/462; single bridge functionality H04L12/462 H04L12/40097Interconnection with other networks LAN interconnection over a bridge based backbone H04L12/462; single bridge functionality H04L12/462 H04L12/40104Security; Encryption; Content protection cryptographic protocols H04L9/00; protocols for network security H04L63/00 H04L12/40117Interconnection of audio or video/imaging devices home automation networks H04L12/2803; bitstream network arrangements specially adapted for distribution of digital video signals H04N7/24 H04L12/40123Interconnection of computers and peripherals printer information exchange with computer G06F3/1293 H04L12/4013Management of data rate on the bus systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality H04L1/0001 H04L12/40136Nodes adapting their rate to the physical link properties LAN switches H04L49/351 H04L12/40143involving priority mechanisms hybrid switching fabrics H04L12/6402; intermediate storage or scheduling H04L49/90; time-division multiplex systems H04J3/00 H04L12/4015by scheduling the transmission of messages at the communication node H04L12/40156by using dedicated slots associated with a priority level H04L12/40163by assigning priority to messages according to a message field H04L12/40169Flexible bus arrangements arrangements for maintenance or administration involving management of faults; events, alarms H04L41/06; automatic restoration of network faults H04L41/0654 H04L12/40176involving redundancy error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in hardware using active fault-masking in interconnections G06F11/2002; error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in hardware using active fault-masking in storage systems using spares or by reconfiguring G06F11/2053 H04L12/40182by using a plurality of communication lines H04L12/40189by using a plurality of bus systems H04L12/40195by using a plurality of nodes H04L12/40202by using a plurality of master stations H04L2012/40208characterized by the use of a particular bus standardIn this group the following terms or expressions are used with the meaning indicated: Controller-area network (CAN or CAN-bus) designates a computer network protocol and bus standard developed in 1983 by Intel Corporation and Robert Bosch GmbH to allow microcontrollers and devices to communicate with each other without a host computer; PROFIBUS (Process Field Bus) designatesa standard for field bus communication in automation technology first implemented in 1989 by BMBF, the german department of education and research; Modbus designates a serial communications protocol published by Modicon in 1979 for use with its programmable logic controller; LIN-Bus (Local Interconnect Network) designates a computer networking bus-system released in 1999 used within current automotive network architectures; FlexRay designates an automotive network communications protocol developed by the FlexRay Consortium; LON or LonWorks designates a network standard operating on twisted pair or electrical wiring or coaxial cable and used for building automation; ASI or AS-Interface (Actuator Sensor Interface) designates the simplest of the industrial networking protocols used in programmable logic controller systems H04L2012/40215Controller Area Network CAN H04L2012/40221Profibus H04L2012/40228Modbus H04L2012/40234Local Interconnect Network LIN H04L2012/40241Flexray H04L2012/40247LON H04L2012/40254Actuator Sensor Interface ASI H04L2012/4026Bus for use in automation systems H04L2012/40267Bus for use in transportation systems H04L2012/40273the transportation system being a vehicle H04L2012/4028the transportation system being an aircraft H04L2012/40286the transportation system being a waterborne vessel H04L2012/40293the transportation system being a train H04L12/403with centralised control, e.g. polling H04L12/4035in which slots of a TDMA packet structure are assigned based on a contention resolution carried out at a master unit TDM/TDMA multiplex systems per se H04J3/1694; hybrid switching systems H04L12/64 H04L12/407with decentralised control H04L12/413with random access, e.g. carrier-sense multiple-access with collision detection (CSMA-CD) H04L12/4135using bit-wise arbitration H04L12/417with deterministic access, e.g. token passing H04L12/42Loop networks H04L2012/421Interconnected ring systems H04L12/422Synchronisation for ring networks Time Division Multiplex ring networks, e.g. SDH/SONET H04J3/085 H04L12/423with centralised control, e.g. polling H04L12/427with decentralised control H04L12/43with synchronous transmission, e.g. time division multiplex [TDM], slotted rings H04L12/433with asynchronous transmission, e.g. token ring, register insertion H04L12/437Ring fault isolation or reconfiguration for SDH/SONET ring networks H04J3/085 H04L12/44Star or tree networks H04L2012/445with switching in a hub, e.g. ETHERNET switch H04L12/46Interconnection of networks H04L12/4604LAN interconnection over a backbone network, e.g. Internet, Frame Relay H04L12/4608LAN interconnection over ATM networks H04L12/4612LAN interconnection over narrowband networks, e.g. N-ISDN, PSTN, X.25 H04L12/4616LAN interconnection over a LAN backbone H04L12/462LAN interconnection over a bridge based backbone H04L12/4625Single bridge functionality, e.g. connection of two networks over a single bridge H04L2012/4629using multilayer switching, e.g. layer 3 switching H04L12/4633Interconnection of networks using encapsulation techniques, e.g. tunneling H04L12/4637Interconnected ring systems H04L12/4641Virtual LANs, VLANs, e.g. virtual private networks [VPN] LAN interconnection over a bridge based backbone H04L12/462; encapsulation techniques H04L12/4633; routing of packets H04L45/00; packet switches H04L49/00; virtual private networks for security H04L63/0272This group covers: a group of hosts with a common set of requirements that communicate as if they were attached to the same broadcast domain, regardless of their physical location. This group does not cover: group multicasting, which is covered by group H04L12/18configuration of switches supporting VLANs, which is covered by group H04L41/08multiprotocol label switching [MPLS], which is covered by group H04L45/00spanning tree protocols [STP], which are covered by group H04L12/462arrangements for network security, which are covered by group H04L63/0272encapsulation techniques, which are covered by group H04L12/4633access arrangements, which are covered by group H04L12/2856 In this group the following terms or expressions are used with the meaning indicated: B-Tag means Backbone VLAN Tag C-Tag means Customer VLAN Tag GARP means Generic Attribute Registration Protocol GVRP means GARP VLAN Registration Protocol I-SID means Service Instance Identifier MVRP means Multiple VLAN Registration Protocol PBB means Provider Backbone Bridges S-Tag means Service VLAN Tag VLAN means Virtual Local Area Network VPN means Virtual Private Network VTP means VLAN Trunking Protocol H04L12/4645Details on frame tagging routing of packets H04L45/00; support for virtual LAN H04L49/354 H04L12/465wherein a single frame includes a plurality of VLAN tags H04L12/4654wherein a VLAN tag represents a customer VLAN, e.g. C-Tag H04L12/4658wherein a VLAN tag represents a service provider backbone VLAN, e.g. B-Tag, S-Tag H04L12/4662wherein a VLAN tag represents a service instance, e.g. I-SID in PBB H04L12/4666Operational details on the addition or the stripping of a tag in a frame, e.g. at a provider edge node H04L12/467Arrangements for supporting untagged frames, e.g. port-based VLANs H04L12/4675Dynamic sharing of VLAN information amongst network nodes configuration of the network or of network elements H04L41/08 H04L12/4679Arrangements for the registration or de-registration of VLAN attribute values, e.g. VLAN identifiers, port VLAN membership H04L12/4683characterized by the protocol used H04L12/4687MVRP [multiple VLAN registration protocol] H04L12/4691GVRP [GARP VLAN registration protocol] H04L12/4695VTP [VLAN trunking protocol] H04L12/50Circuit switching systems, i.e. systems in which the path is physically permanent during the communication H04L12/52using time division techniques in digital transmission systems H04L5/22 H04L12/525involving a stored program control H04L12/54Store-and-forward switching systems  packet switching systems H04L45/00, H04L47/00 H04L12/56Packet switching systems H04L12/5601Transfer mode dependent, e.g. ATM H04L12/5602Bandwidth control in ATM Networks, e.g. leaky bucket H04L2012/5603Access techniques H04L2012/5604Medium of transmission, e.g. fibre, cable, radio H04L2012/5605Fibre H04L2012/5606Metallic H04L2012/5607Radio H04L2012/5608Satellite H04L2012/5609Topology H04L2012/561Star, e.g. cross-connect, concentrator, subscriber group equipment, remote electronics H04L2012/5612Ring H04L2012/5613Bus (including DQDB) H04L2012/5614User Network Interface H04L2012/5615Network termination, e.g. NT1, NT2, PBX H04L2012/5616Terminal equipment, e.g. codecs, synch. H04L2012/5617Virtual LANs; Emulation of LANs H04L2012/5618Bridges, gateways [GW] or interworking units [IWU] H04L2012/5619Network Node Interface, e.g. tandem connections, transit switching H04L2012/562Routing H04L2012/5621Virtual private network [VPN]; Private-network - network-interface (P-NNI) H04L2012/5623Network design, dimensioning, topology or optimisation H04L2012/5624Path aspects, e.g. path bundling H04L2012/5625Operations, administration and maintenance [OAM] H04L2012/5626Network management, e.g. Intelligent nets H04L2012/5627Fault tolerance and recovery H04L2012/5628Testing H04L2012/5629Admission control H04L2012/563Signalling, e.g. protocols, reference model H04L2012/5631Resource management and allocation H04L2012/5632Bandwidth allocation H04L2012/5634In-call negotiation H04L2012/5635Backpressure, e.g. for ABR H04L2012/5636Monitoring or policing, e.g. compliance with allocated rate, corrective actions H04L2012/5637Leaky Buckets H04L2012/5638Services, e.g. multimedia, GOS, QOS H04L2012/5639Tariffs or charging H04L2012/564Connection-oriented H04L2012/5641Unicast/point-to-point H04L2012/5642Multicast/broadcast/point-multipoint, e.g. VOD H04L2012/5643Concast/multipoint-to-point H04L2012/5645Connectionless H04L2012/5646Cell characteristics, e.g. loss, delay, jitter, sequence integrity H04L2012/5647Cell loss H04L2012/5648Packet discarding, e.g. EPD, PTD H04L2012/5649Cell delay or jitter H04L2012/565Sequence integrity H04L2012/5651Priority, marking, classes H04L2012/5652Cell construction, e.g. including header, packetisation, depacketisation, assembly, reassembly H04L2012/5653using the ATM adaptation layer [AAL] H04L2012/5654using the AAL1 H04L2012/5656using the AAL2 H04L2012/5657using the AAL3/4 H04L2012/5658using the AAL5 H04L2012/5659usint the AALX H04L2012/566using the ATM layer H04L2012/5661Minicells H04L2012/5662Macrocells or frames H04L2012/5663Support of N-ISDN H04L2012/5664Support of Video, e.g. MPEG H04L2012/5665Interaction of ATM with other protocols H04L2012/5667IP over ATM H04L2012/5668Next hop resolution protocol [NHRP] H04L2012/5669Multiprotocol over ATM [MPOA] H04L2012/567Frame Relay over ATM H04L2012/5671Support of voice H04L2012/5672Multiplexing, e.g. coding, scrambling H04L2012/5673Coding or scrambling H04L2012/5674Synchronisation, timing recovery or alignment H04L2012/5675Timeslot assignment, e.g. TDMA H04L2012/5676Code Division Multiple Access [CDMA] H04L2012/5678Traffic aspects, e.g. arbitration, load balancing, smoothing, buffer management H04L2012/5679Arbitration or scheduling H04L2012/568Load balancing, smoothing or shaping H04L2012/5681Buffer or queue management H04L2012/5682Threshold; Watermark H04L2012/5683for avoiding head of line blocking H04L2012/5684Characteristics of traffic flows H04L2012/5685Addressing issues H04L2012/5686Use of neural networks H04L2012/5687Security aspects H04L12/5691Access to open networks; Ingress point selection, e.g. ISP selection H04L12/5692Selection among different networks H04L12/64Hybrid switching systems H04L12/6402Hybrid switching fabrics H04L2012/6405Space H04L2012/6408Shared Medium, e.g. memory, bus, ring H04L2012/641Time switching H04L2012/6413Switch peripheries H04L2012/6416Switch multicast H04L12/6418Hybrid transport H04L2012/6421Medium of transmission, e.g. fibre, cable, radio, satellite H04L2012/6424Access arrangements H04L2012/6427Subscriber Access Module; Concentrator; Group equipment H04L2012/6429Terminal adapters H04L2012/6432Topology H04L2012/6435Bus H04L2012/6437Ring H04L2012/644Star H04L2012/6443Network Node Interface, e.g. Routing, Path finding H04L2012/6445Admission control H04L2012/6448Medium Access Control [MAC] H04L2012/6451Deterministic, e.g. Token, DQDB H04L2012/6454Random, e.g. Ethernet H04L2012/6456Channel and bandwidth allocation H04L2012/6459Multiplexing, e.g. TDMA, CDMA H04L2012/6462Movable boundaries in packets or frames H04L2012/6464Priority H04L2012/6467Information loss recovery, e.g. error correction, prediction H04L2012/647Frame Relay, X.25 H04L2012/6472Internet H04L2012/6475N-ISDN, Public Switched Telephone Network [PSTN] H04L2012/6478Digital subscriber line, e.g. DSL, ADSL, HDSL, XDSL, VDSL H04L2012/6481Speech, voice H04L2012/6483Video, e.g. MPEG H04L2012/6486Signalling Protocols H04L2012/6489Buffer Management, Threshold setting, Scheduling, Shaping H04L2012/6491Echo cancellation H04L2012/6494Silence suppression H04L2012/6497Feedback to the source H04L12/66Arrangements for connecting between networks having differing types of switching systems, e.g. gateways H04L13/00Details of the apparatus or circuits covered by groups H04L15/00 or H04L17/00 H04L13/02Details not particular to receiver or transmitter H04L13/04Driving mechanismsClutches H04L13/06Tape or page guiding or feeding devices H04L13/08Intermediate storage means H04L13/10Distributors H04L13/12Non-mechanical distributors, e.g. relay distributors H04L13/14Electronic distributors H04L13/16of transmitters, e.g. code-bars, code-discs H04L13/18of receivers H04L13/182Printing mechanisms H04L13/184Photographic printing and recording H04L13/186Page printing; tabulating H04L13/188Projection of the printed matter H04L15/00Apparatus or local circuits for transmitting or receiving dot-and-dash codes, e.g. Morse code teaching apparatus therefor G09B; telegraph tapping keys H01H21/86 H04L15/03Keys structurally combined with sound generators H04L15/04Apparatus or circuits at the transmitting end H04L15/06with a restricted number of keys, e.g. separate key for each type of code element H04L15/08with a single key which transmits dots in one position and dashes in a second position H04L15/10combined with perforating apparatus H04L15/12with keyboard co-operating with code-bars H04L15/14combined with perforating apparatus H04L15/16with keyboard co-operating with code discs H04L15/18Automatic transmitters, e.g. controlled by perforated tape H04L15/20with optical sensing means H04L15/22Apparatus or circuits for sending one or a restricted number of signals, e.g. distress signals H04L15/24Apparatus or circuits at the receiving end H04L15/26operating only on reception of predetermined code signals, e.g. distress signals, party-line call signals H04L15/28Code reproducing apparatus H04L15/285Telegraph sounders; Apparatus for acoustic reception H04L15/30Writing recorders H04L15/32Perforating recorders H04L15/34Apparatus for recording received coded signals after translation, e.g. as type-characters H04L17/00Apparatus or local circuits for transmitting or receiving codes wherein each character is represented by the same number of equal-length code elements, e.g. Baudot code H04L17/02Apparatus or circuits at the transmitting end H04L17/04with keyboard co-operating with code-bars H04L17/06Contact operating means H04L17/08combined with perforating apparatus H04L17/10with keyboard co-operating with code-discs H04L17/12Automatic transmitters, e.g. controlled by perforated tape H04L17/14with optical sensing means H04L17/16Apparatus or circuits at the receiving end H04L17/18Code selection mechanisms H04L17/20using perforating recorders H04L17/22using mechanical translation and type-bar printing H04L17/24using mechanical translation and type-head printing, e.g. type-wheel, type-cylinder H04L17/26using aggregate motion translation H04L17/28using pneumatic or hydraulic translation H04L17/30using electric or electronic translation H04L19/00Apparatus or local circuits for step-by-step systems H04L21/00Apparatus or local circuits for mosaic printer telegraph systems H04L21/02at the transmitting end H04L21/04at the receiving end H04L23/00Apparatus or local circuits for systems other than those covered by groups H04L15/00 - H04L21/00 H04L23/02adapted for orthogonal signalling H04L25/00Baseband systems H04L25/02Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines systems for transmitting signals via power distribution lines H04B3/54 H04L25/0202Channel estimation H04L25/0204of multiple channels H04L25/0206of each channel individually H04L25/0208of the composite channel H04L25/021Estimation of channel covariance H04L25/0212of impulse response H04L25/0214of a single coefficient H04L25/0216with estimation of channel length H04L25/0218with detection of nulls H04L25/022of frequency response H04L25/0222Estimation of channel variability, e.g. coherence bandwidth, coherence time, fading frequency H04L25/0224using sounding signals H04L25/0226sounding signals per se H04L25/0228with direct estimation from sounding signals H04L25/023with extension to other symbols H04L25/0232by interpolation between sounding signals H04L25/0234by non-linear interpolation H04L25/0236using estimation of the other symbols H04L25/0238using blind estimation H04L25/024channel estimation algorithms H04L25/0242using matrix methods H04L25/0244with inversion H04L25/0246with factorisation H04L25/0248Eigen-space methods H04L25/025using least-mean-square [LMS] method H04L25/0252using third or higher order statistics H04L25/0254using neural network algorithms H04L25/0256Channel estimation using minimum mean square error criteria H04L25/0258Channel estimation using zero-forcing criteria H04L25/026Arrangements for coupling transmitters, receivers or transceivers to transmission lines; Line drivers duplexing arrangements H04L5/14 H04L25/0262Arrangements for detecting the data rate of an incoming signal H04L25/0264Arrangements for coupling to transmission lines duplexing arrangements H04L5/14; line equalisers, line build-out devices H04L25/03878 H04L25/0266Arrangements for providing Galvanic isolation, e.g. by means of magnetic or capacitive coupling H04L25/0268with modulation and subsequent demodulation H04L25/027specifically for telegraph signals induction coil interrupters H01H51/34 dynamo-electric generators H02K H04L25/0272Arrangements for coupling to multiple lines, e.g. for differential transmission H04L25/0274Arrangements for ensuring balanced coupling H04L25/0276Arrangements for coupling common mode signals H04L25/0278Arrangements for impedance matching H04L25/028Arrangements specific to the transmitter end H04L25/0282Provision for current-mode coupling H04L25/0284Arrangements to ensure DC-balance H04L25/0286Provision of wave shaping within the driver wave shaping per se H04L25/03834 H04L25/0288the shape being matched to the transmission line pre-equalisation per se H04L25/03343 H04L25/029Provision of high-impedance states H04L25/0292Arrangements specific to the receiver end H04L25/0294Provision for current-mode coupling H04L25/0296Arrangements to ensure DC-balance H04L25/0298Arrangement for terminating transmission lines H04L25/03Shaping networks in transmitter or receiver, e.g. adaptive shaping networks H04L25/03006Arrangements for removing intersymbol interference H04L25/03012operating in the time domain H04L25/03165, H04L25/03178 take precedence H04L25/03019adaptive, i.e. capable of adjustment during data reception H04L25/03025using a two-tap delay line H04L25/03031using only passive components H04L25/03025 takes precedence H04L25/03038with a non-recursive structure H04L25/03031 takes precedence H04L25/03044using fractionally spaced delay lines or combinations of fractionally integrally spaced taps H04L25/0305using blind adaptation H04L25/03057with a recursive structure H04L25/03031 takes precedence H04L25/03063using fractionally spaced delay lines or combinations of fractionally and integrally spaced taps H04L25/0307using blind adaptation H04L25/03076not using decision feedback H04L25/03082Theoretical aspects of adaptive time domain methods H04L25/03089Theory of blind algorithms, recursive or not H04L25/03095Theory of fractional equalisers, recursive or not H04L25/03101Theory of the Kalman algorithm H04L25/03108Theory of recursive equalisers, other than Kalman H04L25/03114non-adaptive, i.e. not adjustable, manually adjustable, or adjustable only during the reception of special signals H04L25/03121using a two-tap delay line H04L25/03127using only passive components H04L25/03121 takes precedence H04L25/03133with a non-recursive structure H04L25/03127 takes precedence H04L25/0314using fractionally spaced delay lines or combinations of fractionally integrally spaced taps H04L25/03146with a recursive structure H04L25/03127 takes precedence H04L25/03152Theoretical aspects of non-adaptive time domain methods H04L25/03159operating in the frequency domain H04L25/03165, H04L25/03178 take precedence H04L25/03165using neural networks H04L25/03171Arrangements involving maximum a posteriori probability [MAP] detectionThis group contains provisionally all documents which deal with turbo equalisation H04L25/03178Arrangements involving sequence estimation techniques H04L25/03184Details concerning the metric H04L25/03191in which the receiver makes a selection between different metrics H04L25/03197methods of calculation involving metrics H04L25/03203Trellis search techniques H04L25/0321Sorting arrangements therefor H04L25/03216using the M-algorithm H04L25/03222using the T-algorithm H04L25/03229with state-reduction using grouping of states H04L25/03235with state-reduction using feedback filtering H04L25/03242Methods involving sphere decoding H04L25/03248Arrangements for operating in conjunction with other apparatusThis group covers arrangements in which the sequence estimator is specially adapted to provide signals to, or receive signals from, the other apparatus. The group does not cover the mere juxtaposition of elements H04L25/03254Operation with other circuitry for removing intersymbol interference H04L25/03261with impulse-response shortening filters H04L25/03267with decision feedback equalisers H04L25/03273with carrier recovery circuitry H04L25/0328with interference cancellation circuitry adaptations for interference cancellation within a sequence estimator H04L25/03305; interference related aspects of direct sequence spread spectrum H04B1/7097; interference related aspects of frequency hopping spread spectrum H04B1/715; see also H04B1/10 H04L25/03286with channel-decoding circuitry H04L25/03292with channel estimation circuitry H04L25/03299with noise-whitening circuitry H04L25/03305Joint sequence estimation and interference removal joint detection of several desired signals H04L25/03331 H04L25/03312Arrangements specific to the provision of output signals H04L25/03318Provision of soft decisions H04L25/03324Provision of tentative decisions H04L25/03331Arrangements for the joint estimation of multiple sequences H04L25/03337Arrangements involving per-survivor processing H04L25/03343Arrangements at the transmitter end H04L2025/0335characterised by the type of transmission H04L2025/03356Baseband transmission H04L2025/03363Multilevel H04L2025/03369 takes precedence H04L2025/03369Partial response H04L2025/03375Passband transmission H04L2025/03382Single of vestigal sideband H04L2025/03388ASK H04L2025/03394FSK H04L2025/03401PSK H04L2025/03407Continuous phase H04L2025/03414Multicarrier H04L2025/0342QAM H04L2025/03426transmission using multiple-input and multiple-output channels H04L2025/03433characterised by equaliser structure H04L2025/03439Fixed structures H04L2025/03445Time domain H04L2025/03452Systolic arrays H04L2025/03458Lattice H04L2025/03464Neural networks H04L2025/03471Tapped delay lines H04L2025/03464 takes precedence H04L2025/03477not time-recursive H04L2025/03484time-recursive H04L2025/0349as a feedback filter H04L2025/03496as a prediction filter H04L2025/03503as a combination of feedback and prediction filters H04L2025/03509fractionally spaced H04L2025/03515 takes precedence H04L2025/03515irregularly spaced H04L2025/03522Frequency domain H04L2025/03528Other transform domain H04L2025/03535Variable structures H04L2025/03541Switching between domains, e.g. between time and frequency H04L2025/03547Switching between time domain structures H04L2025/03554between neural networks and tapped delay lines H04L2025/0356Switching the time direction of equalisation H04L2025/03566between different tapped delay line structures H04L2025/03573between recursive and non-recursive H04L2025/03579Modifying the tap spacing H04L2025/03585Modifying the length H04L2025/03592Adaptation methods H04L2025/03598Algorithms H04L2025/03605Block algorithms H04L2025/03611Iterative algorithms H04L2025/03617Time recursive algorithms H04L2025/03643 takes precedence H04L2025/03624Zero-forcing H04L2025/0363Feature restoration, e.g. constant modulus H04L2025/03636Algorithms using least mean square [LMS] H04L2025/03643Order recursive H04L2025/03649Algorithms using recursive least square [RLS] H04L2025/03656Initialisation H04L2025/03662to a fixed value H04L2025/03668to the value at the end of a previous adaptation period H04L2025/03675Blind algorithms using gradient methods H04L2025/03681Control of adaptation H04L2025/03687of step size H04L2025/03694Stop and go H04L2025/037Detection of convergence state H04L2025/03707Detection or avoidance of local extrema H04L2025/03713Subspace algorithms H04L2025/03719Super-exponential H04L2025/03726Switching between algorithms H04L2025/03732according to the convergence state H04L2025/03738Manual adaptation H04L2025/03745Timing of adaptation H04L2025/03751only once, at installation H04L2025/03738 takes precedence H04L2025/03757only on the request of a user H04L2025/03764only during predefined intervals H04L2025/0377during the reception of training signals H04L2025/03777characterised by the signalling H04L2025/03783Details of reference signals H04L2025/03789Codes therefore H04L2025/03796Location of reference signals H04L2025/03802Signalling on the reverse channel H04L2025/03808Transmission of equaliser coefficients H04L2025/03815Transmission of a training request H04L25/03821Inter-carrier interference cancellation [ICI] H04L25/03828Arrangements for spectral shaping; Arrangements for providing signals with specified spectral properties partial response systems H04L25/497 H04L25/03834using pulse shaping H04L25/0384Design of pulse shapes pulse shape for impulse radio H04B1/7172 H04L25/03847Shaping by selective switching of amplifying elements H04L25/03853Shaping by digital methods other than look up tables or up/down converters H04L25/03859shaping using look up tables for partial waveforms H04L25/03866using scrambling H04L25/03872Parallel scrambling or descrambling H04L25/03878Line equalisers; line build-out devices H04L25/03885adaptive H04L25/03891Spatial equalizers MIMO diversity systems H04B7/0413 H04L25/03898codebook-based design selection of codebook or precoding matrix for MIMO diversity systems H04B7/0456 H04L25/03904cooperative design, e.g. exchanging of codebook information between base stations H04L25/0391construction details of matrices H04L25/03917according to the size of the codebook H04L25/03923according to the rank H04L25/03929with layer mapping, e.g. codeword-to layer design for space-time coding H04L1/0618 H04L25/03936multi-resolution codebooks H04L25/03942switching between different codebooks H04L25/03949equalizer selection or adaptation based on feedback multiple signaling inclusive of a precoding command for adapting the transmitter H04L1/0031; feedback for transmit diversity systems H04B7/0619; selection of codebook or precoding matrix for MIMO diversity systems H04B7/0456 H04L25/03955in combination with downlink estimations, e.g. downlink path losses H04L25/03961design criteria H04L25/03968mean-square error [MSE] H04L25/03974throughput maximization H04L25/0398Restoration of channel reciprocity H04L25/03987Equalisation for sparse channels H04L25/03993Noise whitening H04L25/05Electric or magnetic storage of signals before transmitting or retransmitting for changing the transmission rate H04L25/06Dc level restoring meansBias distortion correction ; Decision circuits providing symbol by symbol detection H04L25/061providing hard decisions only; arrangements for tracking or suppressing unwanted low frequency components, e.g. removal of dc offset removal of dc offset in coupling arrangements H04L25/029, H04L25/0296 H04L25/062Setting decision thresholds using feedforward techniques only H04L25/063Setting decision thresholds using feedback techniques only H04L25/064Subtraction of the threshold from the signal, which is then compared to a supplementary fixed threshold H04L25/065Binary decisions H04L25/066Multilevel decisions, not including self-organising maps H04L25/067providing soft decisions, i.e. decisions together with an estimate of reliability H04L25/068 and H04L25/069 take precedence; sequence estimation techniques H04L25/03178 H04L25/068by sampling faster than the nominal bit rate H04L25/069by detecting edges or zero crossings H04L25/08Modifications for reducing interferenceModifications for reducing effects due to line faults ; Receiver end arrangements for detecting or overcoming line faults H04L25/085Arrangements for reducing interference in line transmission systems, e.g. by differential transmission H04L25/10Compensating for variations in line balance H04L25/12Compensating for variations in line impedance H04L25/14Channel dividing arrangements , i.e. in which a single bit stream is divided between several baseband channels and reassembled at the receiver H04L25/20Repeater circuitsRelay circuits H04L25/202using mechanical devices H04L25/205 takes precedence H04L25/205using tuning forks or vibrating reeds H04L25/207using electromagnetic switches H04L25/22Repeaters for converting two wires to four wiresRepeaters for converting single current to double current H04L25/24Relay circuits using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices H04L25/22 takes precedence H04L25/242with retiming H04L25/245for start-stop signals detection of start or stop bits H04J3/0602 H04L25/247for synchronous signals H04L25/26Circuits with optical sensing means , i.e. using opto-couplers for isolation H04L25/38Synchronous or start-stop systems, e.g. for Baudot code H04L25/40Transmitting circuitsReceiving circuits repeater circuits, relay circuits H04L25/20 H04L25/42using mechanical distributors H04L25/44using relay distributors H04L25/45using electronic distributors H04L25/46using tuning forks or vibrating reeds H04L25/49using code conversion at the transmitterusing predistortionusing insertion of idle bits for obtaining a desired frequency spectrumusing three or more amplitude levels ; Baseband coding techniques specific to data transmission systems spectral shaping H04L25/03828 H04L25/4902Pulse width modulation; Pulse position modulation H04L25/4904using self-synchronising codes, e.g. split-phase codes H04L25/4906using binary codes H04L25/4908using mBnB codes H04L25/491using 1B2B codes H04L25/4912using CMI or 2-HDB-3 code H04L25/4915using pattern inversion or substitution H04L25/4908 takes precedence H04L25/4917using multilevel codes H04L25/4919using balanced multilevel codes H04L25/4927 takes precedence H04L25/4921using quadrature encoding, e.g. carrierless amplitude-phase coding H04L25/4923using ternary codes H04L25/4927 takes precedence H04L25/4925using balanced bipolar ternary codes H04L25/4927using levels matched to the quantisation levels of the channel H04L25/493by transition coding, i.e. the time-position or direction of a transition being encoded before transmission H04L25/497by correlative coding, e.g. partial response coding or echo modulation coding transmitters and receivers for partial response systems transversal equalizers at the transmitter end H04L25/03343 H04L25/4975Correlative coding using Tomlinson precoding, Harashima precoding, Trellis precoding or GPRS H04L27/00Modulated-carrier systems H04L27/0002analog front ends; means for connecting modulators, demodulators or transceivers to a transmission line duplex arrangements H04L5/143 H04L27/0004using wavelets H04L27/0006Assessment of spectral gaps suitable for allocating digitally modulated signals, e.g. for carrier allocation in cognitive radio for spectrum sharing between different networks H04W16/14 H04L27/0008arrangements for allowing a transmitter or receiver to use more than one type of modulation negotiating modulation type for two-way transmission paths H04L5/1453 H04L27/001using chaotic signals for secret or secure communication H04L9/001 H04L27/0012arrangements for identifying the type of modulation H04L27/0014Carrier regulation of chaotic carriers H04L27/001; for multicarrier receivers H04L27/2657 H04L2027/0016Stabilisation of local oscillators H04L2027/0018Arrangements at the transmitter end H04L2027/002using feedback from a remote receiver H04L2027/0022using the carrier of the associated receiver of a transceiver H04L2027/0024at the receiver end H04L2027/0026Correction of carrier offset H04L2027/0028at passband only H04L2027/003at baseband only H04L2027/0032at baseband and passband H04L2027/0034using hypothesis testing H04L2027/0036using a recovered symbol clock H04L2027/0038using an equaliser H04L2027/004the equaliser providing control signals H04L2027/0042the equaliser providing the offset correction per se H04L2027/0044Control loops for carrier regulation H04L2027/0046Open loops H04L2027/0048Frequency multiplication H04L2027/0051Harmonic tracking H04L2027/0053Closed loops H04L2027/0055single phase H04L2027/0057quadrature phase H04L2027/0059more than two phases H04L2027/0061remodulation H04L2027/0063Elements of loops H04L2027/0065Frequency error detectors H04L2027/0067 takes precedence H04L2027/0067Phase error detectors H04L2027/0069Loop filters H04L2027/0071Control of loops H04L2027/0073Detection of synchronisation state H04L2027/0075Error weighting H04L2027/0077stop and go H04L2027/0079Switching between loops H04L2027/0081between loops of different bandwidths H04L2027/0083Signalling arrangements H04L2027/0085with no special signals for synchronisation H04L2027/0087Out-of-band signals, (e.g. pilots) H04L2027/0089In-band signals H04L2027/0091Continuous signals H04L2027/0093Intermittant signals H04L2027/0095in a preamble or similar structure H04L2027/0097Adaptive synchronisation signals H04L27/01Equalisers baseband equalizers at the transmitter end H04L25/03343; in analogue transmission systems H04B3/04, H04B7/005 H04L27/02Amplitude-modulated carrier systems, e.g. using on-off keyingSingle sideband or vestigial sideband modulation H04L27/32 takes precedence H04L27/04Modulator circuitsTransmitter circuits H04L27/06Demodulator circuitsReceiver circuits H04L27/063Superheterodyne receivers H04L27/066Carrier recovery circuits H04L27/2271 takes precedence H04L27/08Amplitude regulation arrangements H04L27/10Frequency-modulated carrier systems, i.e. using frequency-shift keying H04L27/32 takes precedence H04L27/103Chirp modulation for spread spectrum techniques H04B1/69 H04L27/106M-ary FSK H04L27/12Modulator circuitsTransmitter circuits H04L27/122using digital generation of carrier signals digital function generators G06F1/02, H04L17/10; generating pulses having stepped portions using digital techniques H03K4/026 H04L27/125using a controlled oscillator in an open loop H04L27/127using a controlled oscillator in a feedback loop H04L27/14Demodulator circuitsReceiver circuits H04L27/142Compensating direct current components occurring during the demodulation and which are caused by mistuning H04L27/144with demodulation using spectral properties of the received signal, e.g. by using frequency selective- or frequency sensitive elements H04L27/148using filters, including PLL-type filters H04L27/152using controlled oscillators, e.g. PLL arrangements H04L27/1525using quadrature demodulation H04L27/156with demodulation using temporal properties of the received signal, e.g. detecting pulse width H04L27/1563using transition or level detection H04L27/1566using synchronous sampling H04L27/16Frequency regulation arrangements H04L27/18Phase-modulated carrier systems, i.e. using phase-shift keying H04L27/32 takes precedence H04L27/183Multiresolution systems H04L27/186in which the information is carried by both the individual signal points and the subset to which the individual signal points belong, e.g. coset coding or related schemes H04L27/20Modulator circuitsTransmitter circuits H04L27/2003for continuous phase modulation frequency shift keying H04L27/10 H04L27/2007in which the phase change within each symbol period is constrained coset coding H04L27/186 H04L27/201in which the allowed phase changes vary with time, e.g. multi-h modulation H04L27/2014in which the phase changes in a piecewise linear manner during each symbol period, e.g. minimum shift keying, fast frequency shift keying H04L27/201 takes precedence H04L27/2017in which the phase changes are non-linear, e.g. generalized and Gaussian minimum shift keying, tamed frequency modulation H04L27/201 takes precedence H04L27/2021in which the phase change per symbol period is not constrained H04L27/2025in which the phase changes in a piecewise linear manner within each symbol period H04L27/2028in which the phase changes are non-linear H04L27/2032for discrete phase modulation, e.g. in which the phase of the carrier is modulated in a nominally instantaneous manner H04L27/2035using a single or unspecified number of carriers H04L27/2039using microwave technology H04L27/2042with more than two phase states H04L27/2046in which the data are represented by carrier phase H04L27/205in which the data are represented by the change in phase of the carrier H04L27/2053using more than one carrier, e.g. carriers with different phases H04L27/2057with a separate carrier for each phase state H04L27/206using a pair of orthogonal carriers, e.g. quadrature carriers H04L27/2064using microwave technology H04L27/2067with more than two phase states H04L27/2064 takes precedence H04L27/2071in which the data are represented by the carrier phase, e.g. systems with differential coding H04L27/2075in which the data are represented by the change in carrier phase H04L27/2078in which the phase change per symbol period is constrained coset coding H04L27/186 H04L27/2082for offset or staggered quadrature phase shift keying H04L27/2085with more than one phase shift per symbol period H04L27/2089with unbalanced quadrature channels H04L27/2092with digital generation of the modulated carrier (does not include the modulation of a digitally generated carrier) H04L27/2096Arrangements for directly or externally modulating an optical carrier optical modulation H04B10/503 H04L27/22Demodulator circuitsReceiver circuits H04L27/223Demodulation in the optical domain optical demodulation H04B10/676 H04L27/227using coherent demodulation H04L27/2271wherein the carrier recovery circuit uses only the demodulated signals H04L27/2272using phase locked loops H04L27/2273 takes precedence H04L27/2273associated with quadrature demodulation, e.g. Costas loop H04L27/2275wherein the carrier recovery circuit uses the received modulated signals H04L27/2276using frequency multiplication or harmonic tracking H04L27/2277using remodulation H04L27/2278using correlation techniques, e.g. for spread spectrum signals H04L27/233using non-coherent demodulation H04L27/2331wherein the received signal is demodulated using one or more delayed versions of itself H04L27/2332using a non-coherent carrier H04L27/2334using filters H04L27/2335using temporal properties of the received signal H04L27/2337using digital techniques to measure the time between zero-crossings H04L27/2338using sampling H04L27/2331 - H04L27/2335 take precedence H04L27/24Half-wave signalling systems H04L27/26Systems using multi-frequency codes H04L27/32 takes precedence H04L27/2601Multicarrier modulation systems H04L27/2602Signal structureGroup H04L27/2602 is impacted by reclassification into groups H04L27/26025, H04L27/2603, and H04L27/26035.
All groups listed in this Warning should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L27/26025Numerology, i.e. varying one or more of symbol duration, subcarrier spacing, Fourier transform size, sampling rate or down-clocking allocating sub-channels of the transmission path H04L5/003Group H04L27/26025 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group H04L27/2602.
Groups H04L27/2602 and H04L27/26025 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L27/2603Signal structure ensuring backward compatibility with legacy systemGroup H04L27/2603 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group H04L27/2602.
Groups H04L27/2602 and H04L27/2603 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L27/26035Maintenance of orthogonality, e.g. for signals exchanged between cells or users, or by using covering codes or sequences using different training sequence per antenna H04B7/0684; code allocation H04J13/16Group H04L27/26035 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group H04L27/2602.
Groups H04L27/2602 and H04L27/26035 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L27/2604Multiresolution systems by means of multiresolution subcarriers H04L27/183, H04L27/3488 H04L27/2605Symbol extensions, e.g. Zero Tail, Unique Word [UW] H04L27/2607Cyclic extensions H04L27/2608Allocation of payloadGroup H04L27/2608 is no longer used for the classification of documents as of 2021-01-01.
The content of this group is being reclassified into groups H04L5/0044 and H04L5/0046.
Groups H04L27/2608, H04L5/0044 and H04L5/0046 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L27/261Details of reference signalsGroup H04L27/261 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group H04L27/262.
Groups H04L27/262 and H04L27/261 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L27/2611Distribution thereofGroup H04L27/2611 is no longer used for the classification of documents as of 2021-01-01.
The content of this group is being reclassified into groups H04L5/0048, H04L5/005, and H04L5/0051.
All groups listed in this Warning should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L27/2613Structure of the reference signalsGroup H04L27/2613 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group H04L27/262.
Group H04L27/2613 is also impacted by reclassification into groups H04L27/26132, H04L27/26134, and H04L27/26136.
All groups listed in this Warning should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L27/26132using repetitionGroup H04L27/26132 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from groups H04L27/2613 and H04L27/262.
Groups H04L27/2613, H04L27/262, and H04L27/26132 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L27/26134Pilot insertion in the transmitter chain, e.g. pilot overlapping with data, insertion in time or frequency domainGroup H04L27/26134 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from groups H04L27/2613 and H04L27/262.
Groups H04L27/2613, H04L27/262, and H04L27/26134 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L27/26136Pilot sequence conveying additional informationGroup H04L27/26136 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from groups H04L27/2613 and H04L27/262.
Groups H04L27/2613, H04L27/262, and H04L27/26136 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L27/2614Peak power aspects H04L27/2615Reduction thereof using coding H04L27/2617using block codes H04L27/2618Reduction thereof using auxiliary subcarriers H04L27/262Reduction thereof by selection of pilot symbolsGroup H04L27/262 is impacted by reclassification into groups H04L27/261, H04L27/2613, H04L27/26132, H04L27/26134, and H04L27/26136.
All groups listed in this Warning should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L27/2621Reduction thereof using phase offsets between subcarriers H04L27/2623Reduction thereof by clipping H04L27/2624by soft clipping H04L27/2626Arrangements specific to the transmitter onlyGroup H04L27/2626 is impacted by reclassification into group H04L27/26265.
Groups H04L27/2626 and H04L27/26265 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L27/26265Arrangements for sidelobes suppression specially adapted to multicarrier systems, e.g. spectral precodingGroup H04L27/26265 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group H04L27/2626.
Groups H04L27/2626 and H04L27/26265 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L27/2627Modulators H04L27/2628Inverse Fourier transform modulators, e.g. inverse fast Fourier transform [IFFT] or inverse discrete Fourier transform [IDFT] modulators H04L27/2634 takes precedenceGroup H04L27/2628 is impacted by reclassification into groups H04L27/2634, H04L27/2636 and H04L27/26362.
All groups listed in this Warning should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L27/263modification of IFFT/IDFT modulator for performance improvementGroup H04L27/263 is impacted by reclassification into groups H04L27/2634, H04L27/2636 and H04L27/26362.
All groups listed in this Warning should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L27/2631with polyphase implementationGroup H04L27/2631 is impacted by reclassification into groups H04L27/2634, H04L27/2636 and H04L27/26362.
All groups listed in this Warning should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L27/2633using partial FFTsGroup H04L27/2633 is impacted by reclassification into groups H04L27/2634, H04L27/2636 and H04L27/26362.
All groups listed in this Warning should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L27/2634Inverse fast Fourier transform [IFFT] or inverse discrete Fourier transform [IDFT] modulators in combination with other circuits for modulationGroup H04L27/2634 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group H04L27/2628, H04L27/263, H04L27/2631 and H04L27/2633.
Group H04L27/2634 is also impacted by reclassification into group H04L27/26362.
All groups listed in this Warning should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L27/2636with FFT or DFT modulators, e.g. standard single-carrier frequency-division multiple access [SC-FDMA] transmitter or DFT spread orthogonal frequency division multiplexing [DFT-SOFDM]Group H04L27/2636 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group H04L27/2628, H04L27/263, H04L27/2631 and H04L27/2633.
All groups listed in this Warning should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L27/26362Subcarrier weighting equivalent to time domain filtering, e.g. weighting per subcarrier multiplication arrangements for removing intersymbol interference at the transmitter end H04L25/03343Group H04L27/26362 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from groups H04L27/2628, H04L27/263, H04L27/2631 and H04L27/2633, and H04L27/2634.
All groups listed in this Warning should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L27/2637with direct modulation of individual subcarriers H04L27/2639Modulators using other transforms, e.g. discrete cosine transforms, Orthogonal Time Frequency and Space [OTFS] or hermetic transforms H04L27/264Pulse-shaped multi-carrier, i.e. not using rectangular windowGroup H04L27/264 is impacted by reclassification into groups H04L27/26412, H04L27/26414, and H04L27/26416.
All groups listed in this Warning should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L27/26412Filtering over the entire frequency band, e.g. filtered orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing [OFDM]Group H04L27/26412 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group H04L27/264.
Groups H04L27/264 and H04L27/26412 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L27/26414Filtering per subband or per resource block, e.g. universal filtered multicarrier [UFMC] or generalized frequency division multiplexing [GFDM]Group H04L27/26414 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group H04L27/264.
Groups H04L27/264 and H04L27/26414 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L27/26416Filtering per subcarrier, e.g. filterbank multicarrier [FBMC]Group H04L27/26416 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group H04L27/264.
Groups H04L27/264 and H04L27/26416 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L27/2642Wavelet transform modulators wavelet-division H04L5/0008 H04L27/2643using symbol repetition, e.g. time domain realization of distributed FDMA H04L27/2644with oversampling H04L27/2646using feedback from receiver for adjusting OFDM transmission parameters, e.g. transmission timing or guard interval length H04L27/2647Arrangements specific to the receiver only equalisation H04L27/01 H04L27/2649DemodulatorsGroup H04L27/2649 is impacted by reclassification into groups H04L27/26524, H04L27/26526, H04L27/26532, H04L27/26534, H04L27/26536, H04L27/26538, H04L27/2654, H04L27/26542, H04L27/26544, and H04L27/26546.
All groups listed in this Warning should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L27/265Fourier transform demodulators, e.g. fast Fourier transform [FFT] or discrete Fourier transform [DFT] demodulators H04L27/26524 takes precedenceGroup H04L27/265 is impacted by reclassification into groups H04L27/2651, H04L27/26522, H04L27/26524, and H04L27/26526.
All groups listed in this Warning should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L27/2651Modification of fast Fourier transform [FFT] or discrete Fourier transform [DFT] demodulators for performance improvementGroup H04L27/2651 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group H04L27/265.
Groups H04L27/265 and H04L27/2651 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L27/2652with polyphase implementation H04L27/26522using partial FFTsGroup H04L27/26522 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group H04L27/265.
Groups H04L27/265 and H04L27/26522 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L27/26524Fast Fourier transform [FFT] or discrete Fourier transform [DFT] demodulators in combination with other circuits for demodulationGroups H04L27/26524 and H04L27/26526 are incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group H04L27/2649 and H04L27/265.
All groups listed in this Warning should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L27/26526with inverse FFT [IFFT] or inverse DFT [IDFT] demodulators, e.g. standard single-carrier frequency-division multiple access [SC-FDMA] receiver or DFT spread orthogonal frequency division multiplexing [DFT-SOFDM] H04L27/2653with direct demodulation of individual subcarriers H04L27/26532Demodulators using other transforms, e.g. discrete cosine transforms, Orthogonal Time Frequency and Space [OTFS] or hermetic transformsGroup H04L27/26532 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group H04L27/2649.
Groups H04L27/2649 and H04L27/26532 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L27/26534Pulse-shaped multi-carrier, i.e. not using rectangular windowGroups H04L27/26534 - H04L27/2654 are incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group H04L27/2649.
All groups listed in this Warning should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L27/26536Filtering over the entire frequency band, e.g. filtered orthogonal frequency division multiplexing [OFDM] H04L27/26538Filtering per subband or per resource block, e.g. universal filtered multicarrier [UFMC] or generalized frequency division multiplexing [GFDM] H04L27/2654Filtering per subcarrier, e.g. filterbank multicarrier [FBMC] H04L27/26542Wavelet transform demodulators  wavelet-division  H04L5/0008Group H04L27/26542 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group H04L27/2649.
Groups H04L27/2649 and H04L27/26542 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L27/26544Demodulators for signals generated by symbol repetition synchronisation arrangements H04L27/2655Group H04L27/26544 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group H04L27/2649.
Groups H04L27/2649 and H04L27/26544 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L27/26546with oversamplingGroup H04L27/26546 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group H04L27/2649.
Groups H04L27/2649 and H04L27/26546 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L27/2655Synchronisation arrangements H04L27/2656Frame synchronisation, e.g. packet synchronisation, time division duplex [TDD] switching point detection or subframe synchronisation H04L27/2657Carrier synchronisation H04L27/2659Coarse or integer frequency offset determination and synchronisation H04L27/266Fine or fractional frequency offset determination and synchronisation H04L27/2662Symbol synchronisation H04L27/2663Coarse synchronisation, e.g. by correlation H04L27/2665Fine synchronisation, e.g. by positioning the FFT window H04L27/2666Acquisition of further OFDM parameters, e.g. bandwidth, subcarrier spacing, or guard interval length H04L27/2668Details of algorithms H04L27/2669characterised by the domain of operation H04L27/2671Time domain H04L27/2672Frequency domain H04L27/2673characterised by synchronisation parameters H04L27/2675Pilot or known symbols H04L27/2676Blind, i.e. without using known symbols H04L27/2678using cyclostationarities, e.g. cyclic prefix or postfix H04L27/2679Decision-aided H04L27/2681characterised by constraintsGroup H04L27/2681 is impacted by reclassification into group H04L27/26885.
Groups H04L27/2681 and H04L27/26885 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L27/2682Precision H04L27/2684Complexity H04L27/2685Speed of convergence H04L27/2686Range of frequencies or delays tested H04L27/2688Resistance to perturbation, e.g. noise, interference or fading H04L27/26885Adaptation to rapid radio propagation changes, e.g. due to velocityGroup H04L27/26885 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group H04L27/2681.
Groups H04L27/2681 and H04L27/26885 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L27/2689Link with other circuits, i.e. special connections between synchronisation arrangements and other circuits for achieving synchronisation H04L27/2691involving interference determination or cancellation H04L27/2692with preamble design, i.e. with negotiation of the synchronisation sequence with transmitter or sequence linked to the algorithm used at the receiver H04L27/2694adaptive design H04L27/2695with channel estimation, e.g. determination of delay spread, derivative or peak tracking channel estimation H04L25/0202 H04L27/2697in combination with other modulation techniques H04L27/2698double density OFDM/OQAM system, e.g. OFDM/OQAM-IOTA system H04L27/28with simultaneous transmission of different frequencies each representing one code element H04L27/30wherein each code element is represented by a combination of frequencies H04L27/32Carrier systems characterised by combinations of two or more of the types covered by groups H04L27/02, H04L27/10, H04L27/18 or H04L27/26 H04L27/34Amplitude- and phase-modulated carrier systems, e.g. quadrature-amplitude modulated carrier systems H04L27/3405Modifications of the signal space to increase the efficiency of transmission, e.g. reduction of the bit error rate, bandwidth, or average power H04L27/3411reducing the peak to average power ratio or the mean power of the constellation; Arrangements for increasing the shape gain of a signal set H04L27/3416in which the information is carried by both the individual signal points and the subset to which the individual points belong, e.g. using coset coding, lattice coding, or related schemes H04L27/3422in which the constellation is not the n - fold Cartesian product of a single underlying two-dimensional constellation H04L27/3427in which the constellation is the n - fold Cartesian product of a single underlying two-dimensional constellation H04L27/3433using an underlying square constellation H04L27/3438using an underlying generalised cross constellation H04L27/3444by applying a certain rotation to regular constellations H04L27/345Modifications of the signal space to allow the transmission of additional information H04L27/3455in order to facilitate carrier recovery at the receiver end, e.g. by transmitting a pilot or by using additional signal points to allow the detection of rotations H04L27/3461in order to transmit a subchannel H04L27/3466by providing an alternative to one signal point H04L27/3472by switching between alternative constellations H04L27/3477by using the outer points of the constellation or of the constituent two-dimensional constellations H04L27/3483using a modulation of the constellation points H04L27/3488Multiresolution systems H04L27/3494using non - square modulating pulses, e.g. using raised cosine pulses; Partial response QAM, i.e. with partial response pulse shaping QAM over partial response channels H04L25/497 H04L27/36Modulator circuitsTransmitter circuits H04L27/361Modulation using a single or unspecified number of carriers, e.g. with separate stages of phase and amplitude modulation H04L27/362Modulation using more than one carrier, e.g. with quadrature carriers, separately amplitude modulated H04L27/366 takes precedence H04L27/363using non - square modulating pulses, modulators specifically designed for this transmission of non - square QAM H04L27/3494 H04L27/364Arrangements for overcoming imperfections in the modulator, e.g. quadrature error or unbalanced I and Q levels H04L27/365Modulation using digital generation of the modulated carrier (not including modulation of a digitally generated carrier) H04L27/366Arrangements for compensating undesirable properties of the transmission path between the modulator and the demodulator H04L27/367using predistortion H04L27/368adaptive predistortion H04L27/38Demodulator circuitsReceiver circuits H04L27/3809Amplitude regulation arrangements H04L27/3818using coherent demodulation, i.e. using one or more nominally phase synchronous carriers H04L27/227 and H04L27/389 take precedence H04L27/3827in which the carrier is recovered using only the demodulated baseband signals H04L27/3836in which the carrier is recovered using the received modulated signal or the received IF signal, e.g. by detecting a pilot or by frequency multiplication H04L27/3845using non - coherent demodulation, i.e. not using a phase synchronous carrier H04L27/3854using a non - coherent carrier, including systems with baseband correction for phase or frequency offset H04L27/3863Compensation for quadrature error in the received signal H04L27/3872Compensation for phase rotation in the demodulated signal H04L27/3881using sampling and digital processing, not including digital systems which imitate heterodyne or homodyne demodulation H04L27/389with separate demodulation for the phase and amplitude components H04L41/00Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networksGroup H04L41/00 is impacted by reclassification into groups H04L41/34, H04L41/342, H04L41/344 and H04L41/40.
All groups listed in this Warning should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L41/02StandardisationIntegration H04L41/0213Standardised network management protocols, e.g. simple network management protocol [SNMP] H04L41/022Multivendor or multi-standard integration H04L41/0226Mapping or translating multiple network management protocols H04L41/0233Object-oriented techniques, for representation of network management data, e.g. common object request broker architecture [CORBA] H04L41/024using relational databases for representation of network management data, e.g. managing via structured query language [SQL] H04L41/0246Exchanging or transporting network management information using the InternetEmbedding network management web servers in network elementsWeb-services-based protocols H04L41/0253using browsers or web-pages for accessing management information H04L41/026using e-messaging for transporting management information, e.g. email, instant messaging or chat H04L41/0266using meta-data, objects or commands for formatting management information, e.g. using eXtensible markup language [XML] H04L41/0273using web services for network management, e.g. simple object access protocol [SOAP] H04L41/028for synchronisation between service call and response H04L41/0286for search or classification or discovery of web services providing management functionalities H04L41/0293for accessing web services by means of a binding identification of the management service or element H04L41/04Network management architectures or arrangementsGroup H04L41/04 is impacted by reclassification into groups H04L41/045, H04L41/052, H04L41/34, H04L41/342 and H04L41/344.
All groups listed in this Warning should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L41/042comprising distributed management centres cooperatively managing the network H04L41/044comprising hierarchical management structures H04L41/045comprising client-server management architecturesGroup H04L41/045 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group H04L41/04.
Groups H04L41/04 and H04L41/045 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L41/046comprising network management agents or mobile agents therefor H04L41/048mobile agents H04L41/052using standardised network management architectures, e.g. telecommunication management network [TMN] or unified network management architecture [UNMA]Group H04L41/052 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group H04L41/04.
Groups H04L41/04 and H04L41/052 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L41/06Management of faults, events, alarms or notifications H04L41/0604using filtering, e.g. reduction of information by using priority, element types, position or time H04L41/0609based on severity or priority H04L41/0613based on the type or category of the network elements H04L41/0618based on the physical or logical position H04L41/0622based on time H04L41/0627by acting on the notification or alarm source H04L41/0631using root cause analysisusing analysis of correlation between notifications, alarms or events based on decision criteria, e.g. hierarchy, tree or time analysis H04L41/0636based on a decision tree analysis H04L41/064involving time analysis H04L41/0645by additionally acting on or stimulating the network after receiving notifications H04L41/065involving logical or physical relationship, e.g. grouping and hierarchies H04L41/0654using network fault recovery ring fault isolation or reconfiguration in loop networks without recovery actions by a network management system H04L12/437 H04L41/0659by isolating or reconfiguring faulty entities H04L41/0663Performing the actions predefined by failover planning, e.g. switching to standby network elements H04L41/0668by dynamic selection of recovery network elements, e.g. replacement by the most appropriate element after failure H04L41/0672by re-configuring the faulty entity H04L41/0677Localisation of faults H04L41/0681Configuration of triggering conditions H04L41/0686Additional information in the notification, e.g. enhancement of specific meta-data H04L41/069using logs of notificationsPost-processing of notifications H04L41/0695the faulty arrangement being the maintenance, administration or management system H04L41/08Configuration management of networks or network elements address allocation H04L61/50Group H04L41/08 is impacted by reclassification into group H04L41/0895.
Groups H04L41/08 and H04L41/0895 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L41/0803Configuration setting H04L41/0806for initial configuration or provisioning, e.g. plug-and-play H04L41/0809Plug-and-play configuration H04L41/0813characterised by the conditions triggering a change of settings H04L41/0816the condition being an adaptation, e.g. in response to network events H04L41/082the condition being updates or upgrades of network functionality H04L41/0823characterised by the purposes of a change of settings, e.g. optimising configuration for enhancing reliability for optimising operational conditions of wireless networks H04W24/02 H04L41/0826for reduction of network costs H04L41/0833 takes precedence H04L41/083for increasing network speed H04L41/0833for reduction of network energy consumption H04L41/0836to enhance reliability, e.g. reduce downtime H04L41/084Configuration by using pre-existing information, e.g. using templates or copying from other elements H04L41/0843based on generic templates H04L41/0846based on copy from other elements H04L41/085Retrieval of network configurationTracking network configuration history H04L41/0853by actively collecting configuration information or by backing up configuration information H04L41/0856by backing up or archiving configuration information H04L41/0859by keeping history of different configuration generations or by rolling back to previous configuration versions H04L41/0863by rolling back to previous configuration versions H04L41/0866Checking the configuration H04L41/0869Validating the configuration within one network element H04L41/0873Checking configuration conflicts between network elements H04L41/0876Aspects of the degree of configuration automation H04L41/0879Manual configuration through operator H04L41/0883Semiautomatic configuration, e.g. proposals from system H04L41/0886Fully automatic configuration H04L41/0889Techniques to speed-up the configuration process H04L41/0893Assignment of logical groups to network elementsGroup H04L41/0893 is impacted by reclassification into group H04L41/0894.
Groups H04L41/0893 and H04L41/0894 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L41/0894Policy-based network configuration managementGroup H04L41/0894 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group H04L41/0893.
Groups H04L41/0893 and H04L41/0894 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L41/0895Configuration of virtualised networks or elements, e.g. virtualised network function or OpenFlow elementsGroup H04L41/0895 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group H04L41/08.
Groups H04L41/08 and H04L41/0895 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L41/0896Bandwidth or capacity management, i.e. automatically increasing or decreasing capacities flow or congestion control using dynamic resource allocation, e.g. in-call renegotiation, H04L47/76Group H04L41/0896 is impacted by reclassification into group H04L41/0897.
Groups H04L41/0896 and H04L41/0897 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L41/0897by horizontal or vertical scaling of resources, or by migrating entities, e.g. virtual resources or entitiesGroup H04L41/0897 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group H04L41/0896.
Groups H04L41/0896 and H04L41/0897 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L41/12Discovery or management of network topologiesGroup H04L41/12 is impacted by reclassification into groups H04L41/122, H04L41/34, H04L41/342, H04L41/344 and H04L41/40.
All groups listed in this Warning should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L41/122of virtualised topologies, e.g. software-defined networks [SDN] or network function virtualisation [NFV]Group H04L41/122 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group H04L41/12.
Groups H04L41/12 and H04L41/122 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L41/14Network analysis or designGroup H04L41/14 is impacted by reclassification into group H04L41/149.
Groups H04L41/14 and H04L41/149 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L41/142using statistical or mathematical methods H04L41/145involving simulating, designing, planning or modelling of a network H04L41/147for predicting network behaviourGroup H04L41/147 is impacted by reclassification into group H04L41/149.
Groups H04L41/147 and H04L41/149 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L41/149for prediction of maintenanceGroup H04L41/149 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from groups H04L41/14 and H04L41/147.
Groups H04L41/14, H04L41/147 and H04L41/149 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L41/16using machine learning or artificial intelligence H04L41/18Delegation of network management function, e.g. customer network management [CNM] H04L41/20Network management software packages H04L41/22comprising specially adapted graphical user interfaces [GUI] H04L41/24using dedicated network management hardware H04L41/26using dedicated tools for LAN [Local Area Network] management H04L41/28Restricting access to network management systems or functions, e.g. using authorisation function to access network configuration H04L41/30Decision processes by autonomous network management units using voting and bidding H04L41/32Specific management aspects for broadband networks H04L41/34Signalling channels for network management communicationGroups H04L41/34, H04L41/342 and H04L41/344 are incomplete pending reclassification of documents from groups H04L41/00, H04L41/04 and H04L41/12.
All groups listed in this Warning should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L41/342between virtual entities, e.g. orchestrators, SDN or NFV entities H04L41/344Out-of-band transfers H04L41/40using virtualisation of network functions or resources, e.g. SDN or NFV entitiesGroup H04L41/40 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from groups H04L41/00 and H04L41/12.
Groups H04L41/00, H04L41/12 and H04L41/40 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L41/50Network service management, e.g. ensuring proper service fulfilment according to agreements H04L41/5003Managing SLAInteraction between SLA and QoS H04L41/5006Creating or negotiating SLA contracts, guarantees or penalties H04L41/5009Determining service level performance parameters or violations of service level contracts, e.g. violations of agreed response time or mean time between failures [MTBF] H04L41/5012determining service availability, e.g. which services are available at a certain point in time H04L41/5016based on statistics of service availability, e.g. in percentage or over a given time H04L41/5019Ensuring fulfilment of SLA H04L41/5022by giving priorities, e.g. assigning classes of service H04L41/5025by proactively reacting to service quality change, e.g. by reconfiguration after service quality degradation or upgrade H04L41/5029Service quality level-based billing, e.g. dependent on measured service level customer is charged more or less H04L41/5032Generating service level reports H04L41/5041characterised by the time relationship between creation and deployment of a service H04L41/5045Making service definitions prior to deployment H04L41/5048Automatic or semi-automatic definitions, e.g. definition templates H04L41/5051Service on demand, e.g. definition and deployment of services in real time H04L41/5054Automatic deployment of services triggered by the service manager, e.g. service implementation by automatic configuration of network components H04L41/5058Service discovery by the service manager H04L41/5061characterised by the interaction between service providers and their network customers, e.g. customer relationship management H04L41/5064Customer relationship management H04L41/5067Customer-centric QoS measurements H04L41/507Filtering out customers affected by service problems H04L41/5074Handling of user complaints or trouble tickets H04L41/5077wherein the managed service relates to simple transport services, i.e. providing only network infrastructure H04L41/508based on type of value added network service under agreement H04L41/5083wherein the managed service relates to web hosting H04L41/5087wherein the managed service relates to voice services management of VoIP services H04M7/0081 H04L41/509wherein the managed service relates to media content delivery, e.g. audio, video or TV H04L41/5093wherein the managed service relates to messaging or chat services H04L41/5096wherein the managed service relates to distributed or central networked applications H04L43/00Arrangements for monitoring or testing data switching networks H04L43/02Capturing of monitoring data H04L43/022by sampling H04L43/024by adaptive sampling H04L43/026using flow identification H04L43/028by filtering H04L43/04Processing captured monitoring data, e.g. for logfile generation H04L43/045for graphical visualisation of monitoring data H04L43/06Generation of reports H04L43/062related to network traffic H04L43/065related to network devices H04L43/067using time frame reporting H04L43/08Monitoring or testing based on specific metrics, e.g. QoS, energy consumption or environmental parametersGroup H04L43/08 is impacted by reclassification into group H04L43/20.
Groups H04L43/08 and H04L43/20 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L43/0805by checking availability H04L43/0811by checking connectivity H04L43/0817by checking functioning H04L43/0823Errors, e.g. transmission errors H04L43/0829Packet loss H04L43/0835One way packet loss H04L43/0841Round trip packet loss H04L43/0847Transmission error H04L43/0852Delays H04L43/0858One way delays H04L43/0864Round trip delays H04L43/087Jitter H04L43/0876Network utilisation, e.g. volume of load or congestion level H04L43/0882Utilisation of link capacity H04L43/0888Throughput H04L43/0894Packet rate H04L43/091Measuring contribution of individual network components to actual service level H04L43/10Active monitoring, e.g. heartbeat, ping or trace-route H04L43/103with adaptive polling, i.e. dynamically adapting the polling rate H04L43/106using time related information in packets, e.g. by adding timestamps H04L43/12Network monitoring probes H04L43/14using software, i.e. software packages network security related monitoring H04L63/1408 H04L43/16Threshold monitoring H04L43/18Protocol analysers H04L43/20the monitoring system or the monitored elements being virtualised, abstracted or software-defined entities, e.g. SDN or NFVGroup H04L43/20 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group H04L43/08.
Groups H04L43/08 and H04L43/20 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L43/50Testing arrangements H04L43/55Testing of service level quality, e.g. simulating service usage H04L45/00Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks routing or path finding in wireless networks H04W40/00Group H04L45/00 is impacted by reclassification into groups H04L45/17, H04L45/243, H04L45/247, H04L45/645, H04L45/655, H04L45/76, H04L45/80, H04L45/85 and H04L45/851.
All groups listed in this Warning should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L45/02Topology update or discoveryGroup H04L45/02 is impacted by reclassification into groups H04L45/03, H04L45/033, H04L45/036, H04L45/037 and H04L45/0377.
All groups listed in this Warning should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L45/021Ensuring consistency of routing table updates, e.g. by using epoch numbers H04L45/023Delayed use of routing table updates H04L45/025Updating only a limited number of routers, e.g. fish-eye update H04L45/026Details of "hello" or keep-alive messages H04L45/028Dynamic adaptation of the update intervals, e.g. event-triggered updates H04L45/03by updating link state protocolsGroup H04L45/03 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group H04L45/02.
Groups H04L45/02 and H04L45/03 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L45/033by updating distance vector protocolsGroup H04L45/033 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group H04L45/02.
Groups H04L45/02 and H04L45/033 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L45/036Updating the topology between route computation elements, e.g. between OpenFlow controllersGroups H04L45/036, H04L45/037 and H04L45/0377 are incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group H04L45/02.
All groups listed in this Warning should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L45/037Routes obligatorily traversing service-related nodes H04L45/0377for service chaining H04L45/04Interdomain routing, e.g. hierarchical routing H04L45/06Deflection routing, e.g. hot-potato routing H04L45/08Learning-based routing, e.g. using neural networks or artificial intelligence H04L45/10Routing in connection-oriented networks, e.g. X.25 or ATM H04L45/12Shortest path evaluation H04L45/121by minimising delays H04L45/122by minimising distances, e.g. by selecting a route with minimum of number of hops H04L45/123Evaluation of link metrics techniques for monitoring network metrics H04L43/08 H04L45/124using a combination of metrics H04L45/125based on throughput or bandwidth H04L45/126minimising geographical or physical path length H04L45/127based on intermediate node capabilities H04L45/128for finding disjoint paths H04L45/1283with disjoint links H04L45/1287with disjoint nodes H04L45/14Routing performance; Theoretical aspects H04L45/16Multipoint routing H04L45/17Shortcut routing, e.g. using next hop resolution protocol [NHRP]Group H04L45/17 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group H04L45/00.
Groups H04L45/00 and H04L45/17 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L45/18Loop-free operations H04L45/20Hop count for routing purposes, e.g. TTL H04L45/22Alternate routingGroup H04L45/22 is impacted by reclassification into group H04L45/247.
Groups H04L45/22 and H04L45/247 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L45/24Multipath H04L45/243using M+N parallel active pathsGroup H04L45/243 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group H04L45/00.
Groups H04L45/00 and H04L45/243 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L45/245Link aggregation, e.g. trunking H04L45/247using M:N active or standby pathsGroup H04L45/247 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from groups H04L45/00 and H04L45/22.
Groups H04L45/00, H04L45/22 and H04L45/247 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L45/26Route discovery packet H04L45/28using route fault recovery H04L45/30Routing of multiclass traffic H04L45/302Route determination based on requested QoS H04L45/304Route determination for signalling traffic H04L45/306Route determination based on the nature of the carried application H04L45/3065for real time traffic H04L45/308Route determination based on user's profile, e.g. premium users H04L45/32Flooding denial of service attacks H04L63/1458 H04L45/34Source routing H04L45/36Backward learning H04L45/38Flow based routing H04L45/40Wormhole routing H04L45/42Centralised routing H04L45/44Distributed routing H04L45/46Cluster building H04L45/48Routing tree calculationGroup H04L45/48 is impacted by reclassification into groups H04L45/484 and H04L45/488.
Groups H04L45/48, H04L45/484 and H04L45/488 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L45/484using multiple routing treesGroup H04L45/484 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group H04L45/48.
Groups H04L45/48 and H04L45/484 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L45/488using root node determinationGroup H04L45/488 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group H04L45/48.
Groups H04L45/48 and H04L45/488 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L45/50using label swapping, e.g. multi-protocol label switch [MPLS] H04L45/502Frame based H04L45/505Cell based H04L45/507Label distribution H04L45/52Multiprotocol routers H04L45/54Organization of routing tables H04L45/56Routing software H04L45/563Software download or update H04L45/566Routing instructions carried by the data packet, e.g. active networks H04L45/58Association of routers H04L45/583Stackable routers H04L45/586of virtual routers H04L45/60Router architectures H04L45/62Wavelength based optical switching H04Q11/0062 H04L45/64using an overlay routing layer H04L45/645Splitting route computation layer and forwarding layer, e.g. routing according to path computational element [PCE] or based on OpenFlow functionalityGroups H04L45/645 and H04L45/655 are incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group H04L45/00.
Groups H04L45/00, H04L45/645 and H04L45/655 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L45/655Interaction between route computation entities and forwarding entities, e.g. for route determination or for flow table update H04L45/66Layer 2 routing, e.g. in Ethernet based MAN's H04L45/68Pseudowire emulation, e.g. IETF WG PWE3 H04L45/70Routing based on monitoring results H04L45/72Routing based on the source address H04L45/74Address processing for routing H04L45/741Routing in networks with a plurality of addressing schemes, e.g. with both IPv4 and IPv6 H04L45/742Route cache; Operation thereof H04L45/745Address table lookupAddress filteringGroup H04L45/745 is impacted by reclassification into groups H04L45/7452 and H04L45/7459.
Groups H04L45/745, H04L45/7452 and H04L45/7459 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L45/7452Multiple parallel or consecutive lookup operations lookup operation involving Bloom filters H04L45/7459Group H04L45/7452 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group H04L45/745.
Groups H04L45/745 and H04L45/7452 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L45/7453using hashing H04L45/7459using Bloom filtersGroup H04L45/7459 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group H04L45/745.
Groups H04L45/745 and H04L45/7459 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L45/74591using content-addressable memories [CAM] H04L45/748using longest matching prefix H04L45/76Routing in software-defined topologies, e.g. routing between virtual machinesGroup H04L45/76 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group H04L45/00.
Groups H04L45/00 and H04L45/76 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L45/80Ingress point selection by the source endpoint, e.g. selection of ISP or POPGroups H04L45/80, H04L45/85 and H04L45/851 are incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group H04L45/00.
All groups listed in this Warning should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L45/85Selection among different networks H04L45/851Dynamic network selection or re-selection, e.g. after degradation of quality H04L47/00Traffic control in data switching networks arrangements for detecting or correcting errors in the information received H04L1/00 This group covers:Flow control or congestion control Queue scheduling Admission control or resource allocation H04L47/10Flow controlCongestion controlGroup H04L47/10 is impacted by reclassification into groups H04L47/43 and H04L47/431.
Groups H04L47/10, H04L47/43 and H04L47/431 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L47/11Identifying congestion H04L47/115using a dedicated packet H04L47/12Avoiding congestionRecovering from congestionGroup H04L47/12 is impacted by reclassification into group H04L47/129.
Groups H04L47/12 and H04L47/129 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L47/122by diverting traffic away from congested entities H04L47/125by balancing the load, e.g. traffic engineering H04L47/127by using congestion prediction H04L47/129at the destination endpoint, e.g. reservation of terminal resources or buffer spaceGroup H04L47/129 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group H04L47/12.
Groups H04L47/12 and H04L47/129 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L47/13in a LAN segment, e.g. ring or bus H04L47/135by jamming the transmission media H04L47/15in relation to multipoint traffic arrangements for broadcast or multicast in data networks H04L12/18 H04L47/16in connection oriented networks, e.g. frame relay H04L47/17Interaction among intermediate nodes, e.g. hop by hop H04L47/18End to end H04L47/19at layers above the network layer network arrangements for networked applications for scheduling or organising the servicing of application requests H04L67/60 H04L47/193at the transport layer, e.g. TCP related H04L47/196Integration of transport layer protocols, e.g. TCP and UDP H04L47/20Traffic policing H04L47/21using leaky-bucket H04L47/215using token-bucket H04L47/22Traffic shaping H04L47/225Determination of shaping rate, e.g. using a moving window H04L47/23Bit dropping H04L47/24Traffic characterised by specific attributes, e.g. priority or QoS H04L47/2408for supporting different services, e.g. a differentiated services [DiffServ] type of service H04L47/2416Real-time traffic H04L47/2425for supporting services specification, e.g. SLA H04L47/2433Allocation of priorities to traffic types H04L47/2441relying on flow classification, e.g. using integrated services [IntServ] H04L47/245using preemption H04L47/2458Modification of priorities while in transit H04L47/2466using signalling traffic H04L47/2475for supporting traffic characterised by the type of applications H04L47/2483involving identification of individual flows H04L47/2491Mapping quality of service [QoS] requirements between different networks H04L47/25with rate being modified by the source upon detecting a change of network conditions H04L47/26using explicit feedback to the source, e.g. choke packetsGroup H04L47/26 is impacted by reclassification into groups H04L47/265 and H04L47/267.
Groups H04L47/26, H04L47/265 and H04L47/267 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L47/263Rate modification at the source after receiving feedback H04L47/265sent by intermediate network nodesGroup H04L47/265 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group H04L47/26.
Groups H04L47/26 and H04L47/265 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L47/266Stopping or restarting the source, e.g. X-on or X-off H04L47/267sent by the destination endpoint network streaming of media packets with control of the source by the destination H04L65/613Group H04L47/267 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group H04L47/26.
Groups H04L47/26 and H04L47/267 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L47/27Evaluation or update of window size, e.g. using information derived from acknowledged [ACK] packets H04L47/28in relation to timing considerations H04L47/283in response to processing delays, e.g. caused by jitter or round trip time [RTT] H04L47/286Time to live H04L47/29using a combination of thresholds H04L47/30in combination with information about buffer occupancy at either end or at transit nodes H04L47/31by tagging of packets, e.g. using discard eligibility [DE] bits H04L47/32by discarding or delaying data units, e.g. packets or frames H04L47/323Discarding or blocking control packets, e.g. ACK packets H04L47/326with random discard, e.g. random early discard [RED] H04L47/33using forward notification H04L47/34ensuring sequence integrity, e.g. using sequence numbers H04L47/35by embedding flow control information in regular packets, e.g. piggybacking H04L47/36by determining packet size, e.g. maximum transfer unit [MTU] H04L47/365Dynamic adaptation of the packet size H04L47/37Slow start H04L47/38by adapting coding or compression rate H04L47/39Credit based H04L47/40using split connections H04L47/41by acting on aggregated flows or links H04L47/43Assembling or disassembling of packets, e.g. segmentation and reassembly [SAR]Groups H04L47/43 and H04L47/431 are incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group H04L47/10.
Groups H04L47/10, H04L47/43 and H04L47/431 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L47/431using padding or de-padding H04L47/50Queue scheduling H04L47/52by attributing bandwidth to queues H04L47/521Static queue service slot or fixed bandwidth allocation H04L47/522Dynamic queue service slot or variable bandwidth allocation H04L47/524Queue skipping H04L47/525by redistribution of residual bandwidth H04L47/527Quantum based scheduling, e.g. credit or deficit based scheduling or token bank H04L47/528Minimum bandwidth guarantee H04L47/54Loss aware scheduling H04L47/56implementing delay-aware scheduling H04L47/562Attaching a time tag to queues H04L47/564Attaching a deadline to packets, e.g. earliest due date first H04L47/566Deadline varies as a function of time spent in the queue H04L47/568Calendar queues or timing rings H04L47/58Changing or combining different scheduling modes, e.g. multimode scheduling H04L47/60implementing hierarchical scheduling H04L47/62characterised by scheduling criteria H04L47/6205Arrangements for avoiding head of line blocking H04L47/621Individual queue per connection or flow, e.g. per VC H04L47/6215Individual queue per QOS, rate or priority H04L47/622Queue service order H04L47/6225Fixed service order, e.g. Round Robin H04L47/623Weighted service order H04L47/6235Variable service order H04L47/624Altering the ordering of packets in an individual queue H04L47/6245Modifications to standard FIFO or LIFO H04L47/625for service slots or service orders H04L47/6255queue load conditions, e.g. longest queue first H04L47/626channel conditions H04L47/6265past bandwidth allocation H04L47/627policing H04L47/6275based on priority H04L47/628based on packet size, e.g. shortest packet first H04L47/6285Provisions for avoiding starvation of low priority queues H04L47/629Ensuring fair share of resources, e.g. weighted fair queuing [WFQ] H04L47/6295using multiple queues, one for each individual QoS, connection, flow or priority H04L47/70Admission controlResource allocationGroup H04L47/70 is impacted by reclassification into group H04L47/83.
Groups H04L47/70 and H04L47/83 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L47/72using reservation actions during connection setup H04L47/722at the destination endpoint, e.g. reservation of terminal resources or buffer space H04L47/724at intermediate nodes, e.g. resource reservation protocol [RSVP] H04L47/726Reserving resources in multiple paths to be used simultaneously by balancing the load H04L47/125 H04L47/728for backup paths H04L47/74measures in reaction to resource unavailability H04L47/741Holding a request until resources become available H04L47/743Reaction at the end points H04L47/745Reaction in network H04L47/746Reaction triggered by a failure H04L47/748Negotiation of resources, e.g. modification of a request H04L47/76using dynamic resource allocation, e.g. in-call renegotiation requested by the user or requested by the network in response to changing network conditions H04L47/762triggered by the network H04L47/765triggered by the end-points H04L47/767after changing the attachment point, e.g. after hand-off H04L47/78Architectures of resource allocation H04L47/781Centralised allocation of resources H04L47/782Hierarchical allocation of resources, e.g. involving a hierarchy of local and centralised entities H04L47/783Distributed allocation of resources, e.g. bandwidth brokers H04L47/785among multiple network domains, e.g. multilateral agreements H04L47/786Mapping reservation between domains H04L47/787Bandwidth trade among domains H04L47/788Autonomous allocation of resources H04L47/80Actions related to the user profile or the type of traffic H04L47/801Real time traffic H04L47/803Application aware H04L47/805QOS or priority aware H04L47/806Broadcast or multicast traffic H04L47/808User-type aware H04L47/82Miscellaneous aspects H04L47/821Prioritising resource allocation or reservation requests H04L47/822Collecting or measuring resource availability data H04L47/823Prediction of resource usage H04L47/824Applicable to portable or mobile terminals H04L47/825Involving tunnels, e.g. MPLS H04L47/826Involving periods of time H04L47/827Aggregation of resource allocation or reservation requests H04L47/828Allocation of resources per group of connections, e.g. per group of users H04L47/829Topology based H04L47/83based on usage predictionGroup H04L47/83 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group H04L47/70.
Groups H04L47/70 and H04L47/83 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L49/00Packet switching elements H04L49/10characterised by the switching fabric constructionGroup H04L49/10 is impacted by reclassification into groups H04L49/111, H04L49/112, H04L49/113, H04L49/115, H04L49/116 and H04L49/118.
All groups listed in this Warning should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L49/101using crossbar or matrix H04L49/102using shared medium, e.g. bus or ring H04L49/103using a shared central bufferusing a shared memory H04L49/104Asynchronous transfer mode [ATM] switching fabrics H04L49/105ATM switching elements H04L49/106using space switching, e.g. crossbar or matrix H04L49/107using shared medium H04L49/108using shared central buffer H04L49/109Integrated on microchip, e.g. switch-on-chip H04L49/111Switch interfaces, e.g. port detailsGroup H04L49/111 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group H04L49/10.
Groups H04L49/10 and H04L49/111 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L49/112Switch control, e.g. arbitrationGroup H04L49/112 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group H04L49/10.
Groups H04L49/10 and H04L49/112 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L49/113Arrangements for redundant switching, e.g. using parallel planesGroups H04L49/113, H04L49/115, H04L49/116 and H04L49/118 are incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group H04L49/10.
All groups listed in this Warning should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L49/115Transferring a complete packet or cell through each plane H04L49/116Transferring a part of the packet through each plane, e.g. by bit-slicing H04L49/118Address processing within a device, e.g. using internal ID or tags for routing within a switch H04L49/15Interconnection of switching modules H04L49/1507Distribute and route fabrics, e.g. sorting-routing or Batcher-Banyan H04L49/1515Non-blocking multistage, e.g. Clos H04L49/1523Parallel switch fabric planes H04L49/153ATM switching fabrics having parallel switch planes H04L49/1538Cell slicing H04L49/1546using pipelined operation H04L49/1553Interconnection of ATM switching modules, e.g. ATM switching fabrics H04L49/1561Distribute and route fabrics, e.g. Batcher-Banyan H04L49/1569Clos switching fabrics H04L49/1576Crossbar or matrix H04L49/1584Full Mesh, e.g. knockout H04L49/1592Perfect Shuffle H04L49/20Support for services H04L49/201Multicast operationBroadcast operation H04L49/203ATM switching fabrics with multicast or broadcast capabilities H04L49/205Quality of Service based H04L49/206Real Time traffic H04L49/208Port mirroring H04L49/25Routing or path finding in a switch fabric H04L49/251Cut-through or wormhole routing H04L49/252Store and forward routing H04L49/253using establishment or release of connections between ports H04L49/254Centralised controller, i.e. arbitration or scheduling H04L49/255Control mechanisms for ATM switching fabrics H04L49/256Routing or path finding in ATM switching fabrics H04L49/257Cut-through or wormhole routing H04L49/258Grouping H04L49/30Peripheral units, e.g. input or output ports H04L49/3009Header conversion, routing tables or routing tags H04L49/3018Input queuing H04L49/3027Output queuing H04L49/3036Shared queuing H04L49/3045Virtual queuing H04L49/3054Auto-negotiation, e.g. access control between switch gigabit interface connector [GBIC] and link H04L49/3063Pipelined operation H04L49/3072Packet splitting H04L49/3081ATM peripheral units, e.g. policing, insertion or extraction H04L49/309Header conversion, routing tables or routing tags H04L49/35Switches specially adapted for specific applications H04L49/351for local area network [LAN], e.g. Ethernet switches H04L49/352Gigabit ethernet switching [GBPS] H04L49/353Support for fire wire switches, i.e. according to IEEE 1394 H04L49/354for supporting virtual local area networks [VLAN] H04L49/355Application aware switches, e.g. for HTTP H04L49/356for storage area networks H04L49/357Fibre channel switches H04L49/358Infiniband Switches H04L49/40Constructional details, e.g. power supply, mechanical construction or backplane H04L49/405Physical details, e.g. power supply, mechanical construction or backplane of ATM switches H04L49/45Arrangements for providing or supporting expansion H04L49/455Provisions for supporting expansion in ATM switches H04L49/50Overload detection or protection within a single switching element H04L49/501Overload detection H04L49/503Policing H04L49/505Corrective measures H04L49/506Backpressure H04L49/508Head of Line Blocking Avoidance H04L49/55Prevention, detection or correction of errors H04L49/552by ensuring the integrity of packets received through redundant connections H04L49/555Error detection H04L49/557Error correction, e.g. fault recovery or fault tolerance H04L49/60Software-defined switches H04L49/602Multilayer or multiprotocol switching, e.g. IP switching H04L49/604Hybrid IP/Ethernet switches H04L49/606Hybrid ATM switches, e.g. ATM&STM, ATM&Frame Relay or ATM&IP H04L49/608ATM switches adapted to switch variable length packets, e.g. IP packets H04L49/65Re-configuration of fast packet switches H04L49/70Virtual switches H04L49/90Buffering arrangementsGroup H04L49/90 is impacted by reclassification into group H04L49/9023.
Groups H04L49/90 and H04L49/9023 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L49/9005using dynamic buffer space allocation H04L49/901using storage descriptor, e.g. read or write pointers H04L49/9015for supporting a linked list H04L49/9021Plurality of buffers per packet H04L49/9023for implementing a jitter-bufferGroup H04L49/9023 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group H04L49/90.
Groups H04L49/90 and H04L49/9023 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L49/9026Single buffer per packet H04L49/9031Wraparound memory, e.g. overrun or underrun detection H04L49/9036Common buffer combined with individual queues H04L49/9042Separate storage for different parts of the packet, e.g. header and payload H04L49/9047including multiple buffers, e.g. buffer pools H04L49/9052with buffers of different sizes H04L49/9057Arrangements for supporting packet reassembly or resequencing H04L49/9063Intermediate storage in different physical parts of a node or terminal H04L49/9068in the network interface card H04L49/9073Early interruption upon arrival of a fraction of a packet H04L49/9078using an external memory or storage device H04L49/9084Reactions to storage capacity overflow H04L49/9089replacing packets in a storage arrangement, e.g. pushout H04L49/9094Arrangements for simultaneous transmit and receive, e.g. simultaneous reading/writing from/to the storage element H04L51/00User-to-user messaging in packet-switching networks, transmitted according to store-and-forward or real-time protocols, e.g. e-mailGroup H04L51/00 is impacted by reclassification into groups H04L51/07 and H04L51/21.
Groups H04L51/00, H04L51/07 and H04L51/21 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L51/02using automatic reactions or user delegation, e.g. automatic replies or chatbot-generated messages H04L51/04Real-time or near real-time messaging, e.g. instant messaging [IM] H04L51/043using or handling presence information H04L51/046Interoperability with other network applications or services H04L51/06Message adaptation to terminal or network requirements H04L51/063Content adaptation, e.g. replacement of unsuitable content H04L51/066Format adaptation, e.g. format conversion or compression H04L51/07characterised by the inclusion of specific contentsGroup H04L51/07 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group H04L51/00.
Groups H04L51/00 and H04L51/07 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L51/08Annexed information, e.g. attachments H04L51/10Multimedia information H04L51/18Commands or executable codes H04L51/21Monitoring or handling of messagesGroup H04L51/21 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group H04L51/00.
Groups H04L51/00 and H04L51/21 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L51/212using filtering or selective blocking H04L51/214using selective forwarding H04L51/216Handling conversation history, e.g. grouping of messages in sessions or threads H04L51/222using geographical location information, e.g. messages transmitted or received in proximity of a certain spot or area H04L51/224providing notification on incoming messages, e.g. pushed notifications of received messages H04L51/226Delivery according to priorities H04L51/23Reliability checks, e.g. acknowledgments or fault reporting H04L51/234for tracking messages H04L51/42Mailbox-related aspects, e.g. synchronisation of mailboxes H04L51/48Message addressing, e.g. address format or anonymous messages, aliases H04L51/52for supporting social networking services H04L51/56Unified messaging, e.g. interactions between e-mail, instant messaging or converged IP messaging [CPM] H04L51/58Message adaptation for wireless communication H04L61/00Network arrangements, protocols or services for addressing or namingThis group does not cover: aspects relating to switching or routing which are covered by groups H04L45/00 or H04L49/00;aspects relating to configuration management of data networks or network elements in general, which are covered by group H04L41/08aspects of addressing in telephony which are covered by group H04M7/00;aspects of addressing within devices, e.g. process or memory, which are covered by groups G06F13/42 or G06F12/00. H04L61/09Mapping addressesGroup H04L61/09 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group H04L9/40.
Groups H04L9/40 and H04L61/09 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L61/10of different types H04L61/103across network layers, e.g. resolution of network layer into physical layer addresses or address resolution protocol [ARP] H04L61/106across networks, e.g. mapping telephone numbers to data network addresses H04L61/25of the same type H04L61/2503Translation of Internet protocol [IP] addresses H04L61/251between different IP versions H04L61/2514between local and global IP addresses H04L61/2517using port numbers H04L61/2521Translation architectures other than single NAT servers H04L61/2525Translation at a client H04L61/2528Translation at a proxy H04L61/2532Clique of NAT servers H04L61/2535Multiple local networks, e.g. resolving potential IP address conflicts H04L61/2539Hiding addressesKeeping addresses anonymous H04L61/2542involving dual-stack hosts H04L61/2546Arrangements for avoiding unnecessary translation H04L61/255Maintenance or indexing of mapping tables H04L61/2553Binding renewal aspects, e.g. using keep-alive messages H04L61/2557Translation policies or rules H04L61/256NAT traversal H04L61/2564for a higher-layer protocol, e.g. for session initiation protocol [SIP] H04L61/2567for reachability, e.g. inquiring the address of a correspondent behind a NAT server H04L61/2571for identification, e.g. for authentication or billing  charging arrangements H04L12/14 H04L61/2575 using address mapping retrieval, e.g. simple traversal of user datagram protocol through session traversal utilities for NAT [STUN] H04L61/2578without involvement of the NAT server H04L61/2582through control of the NAT server, e.g. using universal plug and play [UPnP] H04L61/2585through application level gateway [ALG] H04L61/2589over a relay server, e.g. traversal using relay for network address translation [TURN] H04L61/2592using tunnelling or encapsulation H04L61/2596Translation of addresses of the same type other than IP, e.g. translation from MAC to MAC addresses H04L61/30Managing network names, e.g. use of aliases or nicknames name-to-address mapping H04L61/45 H04L61/3005Mechanisms for avoiding name conflicts H04L61/301Name conversion H04L61/3015Name registration, generation or assignment H04L61/302Administrative registration, e.g. for domain names at internet corporation for assigned names and numbers [ICANN] H04L61/3025Domain name generation or assignment H04L61/35involving non-standard use of addresses for implementing network functionalities, e.g. coding subscription information within the address or functional addressing, i.e. assigning an address to a function H04L61/45Network directoriesName-to-address mapping H04L61/4505using standardised directoriesusing standardised directory access protocols H04L61/4511using domain name system [DNS] H04L61/4517using open systems interconnection [OSI] directories, e.g. X.500 H04L61/4523using lightweight directory access protocol [LDAP] H04L61/4535using an address exchange platform which sets up a session between two nodes, e.g. rendezvous servers, session initiation protocols [SIP] registrars or H.323 gatekeepers H04L61/4541Directories for service discovery H04L61/4547for personal communications, i.e. using a personal identifier H04L61/4552Lookup mechanisms between a plurality of directoriesSynchronisation of directories, e.g. metadirectories H04L61/4553Object oriented directories, e.g. common object request broker architecture [CORBA] name server H04L61/4555Directories for electronic mail or instant messaging H04L61/4557Directories for hybrid networks, e.g. including telephone numbers H04L61/457containing identifiers of data entities on a computer, e.g. file names H04L61/4588containing mobile subscriber information, e.g. home subscriber server [HSS] H04L61/4594Address books, i.e. directories containing contact information about correspondents telephone directories in user terminals H04M1/27453 H04L61/50Address allocation H04L61/5007Internet protocol [IP] addresses H04L61/5014using dynamic host configuration protocol [DHCP] or bootstrap protocol [BOOTP] H04L61/503using an authentication, authorisation and accounting [AAA] protocol, e.g. remote authentication dial-in user service [RADIUS] or Diameter H04L61/5038for local use, e.g. in LAN or USB networks, or in a controller area network [CAN] H04L61/5046Resolving address allocation conflictsTesting of addresses testing when self-assigning an address H04L61/5092 H04L61/5053Lease timeRenewal aspects H04L61/5061Pools of addresses H04L61/5069for group communication, multicast communication or broadcast communication H04L61/5076Update or notification mechanisms, e.g. DynDNS H04L61/5084Providing for device mobility network addressing or numbering for mobility support in wireless networks H04W8/26; mobile IP H04W80/04 H04L61/5092by self-assignment, e.g. picking addresses at random and testing if they are already in use H04L61/58Caching of addresses or names H04L61/59using proxies for addressing H04L63/00Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communication H04L9/00; network architectures or network communication protocols for wireless network security H04W12/00; security arrangements for protecting computers or computer systems against unauthorised activity G06F21/00Group H04L63/00 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group H04L9/40.
Groups H04L9/40 and H04L63/00 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L63/02for separating internal from external traffic, e.g. firewalls H04L63/0209Architectural arrangements, e.g. perimeter networks or demilitarized zones H04L63/0218Distributed architectures, e.g. distributed firewalls H04L63/0227Filtering policies mail message filtering H04L51/212 H04L63/0236Filtering by address, protocol, port number or service, e.g. IP-address or URL H04L63/0245Filtering by information in the payload H04L63/0254Stateful filtering H04L63/0263Rule management H04L63/0272Virtual private networks H04L63/0281Proxies H04L63/029Firewall traversal, e.g. tunnelling or, creating pinholes H04L63/04for providing a confidential data exchange among entities communicating through data packet networks H04L63/0407wherein the identity of one or more communicating identities is hidden cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for anonymous credentials or for identity based cryptographic systems H04L9/00 H04L63/0414during transmission, i.e. party's identity is protected against eavesdropping, e.g. by using temporary identifiers, but is known to the other party or parties involved in the communication H04L63/0421Anonymous communication, i.e. the party's identifiers are hidden from the other party or parties, e.g. using an anonymizer H04L63/0428wherein the data content is protected, e.g. by encrypting or encapsulating the payload H04L63/0435wherein the sending and receiving network entities apply symmetric encryption, i.e. same key used for encryption and decryption cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for symmetric key encryption H04L9/06 H04L63/0442wherein the sending and receiving network entities apply asymmetric encryption, i.e. different keys for encryption and decryption cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for public-key encryption H04L9/30 H04L63/045wherein the sending and receiving network entities apply hybrid encryption, i.e. combination of symmetric and asymmetric encryption cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements using a plurality of keys or algorithms H04L9/14 H04L63/0457wherein the sending and receiving network entities apply dynamic encryption, e.g. stream encryption cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for stream encryption H04L9/065 H04L63/0464using hop-by-hop encryption, i.e. wherein an intermediate entity decrypts the information and re-encrypts it before forwarding it H04L63/0471applying encryption by an intermediary, e.g. receiving clear information at the intermediary and encrypting the received information at the intermediary before forwarding H04L63/0478applying multiple layers of encryption, e.g. nested tunnels or encrypting the content with a first key and then with at least a second key cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements using a plurality of keys or algorithms H04L9/14 H04L63/0485Networking architectures for enhanced packet encryption processing, e.g. offloading of IPsec packet processing or efficient security association look-up H04L63/0492by using a location-limited connection, e.g. near-field communication or limited proximity of entities H04L63/06for supporting key management in a packet data network cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for key management H04L9/08 H04L63/061for key exchange, e.g. in peer-to-peer networks cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for key agreement H04L9/0838 H04L63/062for key distribution, e.g. centrally by trusted party cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for key distribution involving a central third party H04L9/0819 H04L63/064Hierarchical key distribution, e.g. by multi-tier trusted parties H04L63/065for group communications cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for key management involving conference or group key H04L9/0833 H04L63/067using one-time keys cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for generation of one-time passwords H04L9/0863 H04L63/068using time-dependent keys, e.g. periodically changing keys cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for controlling usage of secret information H04L9/088 H04L63/08for supporting authentication of entities communicating through a packet data network cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for entity authentication H04L9/32 H04L63/0807using tickets, e.g. Kerberos cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for entity authentication using tickets or tokens H04L9/3213 H04L63/0815providing single-sign-on or federations H04L63/0823using certificates cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for entity authentication involving certificates H04L9/3263 H04L63/083using passwords cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for entity authentication using a predetermined code H04L9/3226 H04L63/0838using one-time-passwords H04L63/0846using time-dependent-passwords, e.g. periodically changing passwords H04L63/0853using an additional device, e.g. smartcard, SIM or a different communication terminal cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for entity authentication involving additional secure or trusted devices H04L9/3234 H04L63/0861using biometrical features, e.g. fingerprint, retina-scan cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for entity authentication using biological data H04L9/3231 H04L63/0869for achieving mutual authentication cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for mutual authentication H04L9/3273 H04L63/0876based on the identity of the terminal or configuration, e.g. MAC address, hardware or software configuration or device fingerprint H04L63/0884by delegation of authentication, e.g. a proxy authenticates an entity to be authenticated on behalf of this entity vis-à-vis an authentication entity H04L63/0892by using authentication-authorization-accounting [AAA] servers or protocols H04L63/10for controlling access to network resources restricting network management access H04L41/28 H04L63/101Access control lists [ACL] H04L63/102Entity profiles H04L63/104Grouping of entities H04L63/105Multiple levels of security H04L63/107wherein the security policies are location-dependent, e.g. entities privileges depend on current location or allowing specific operations only from locally connected terminals H04L63/108when the policy decisions are valid for a limited amount of time H04L63/12Applying verification of the received information cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for data integrity or data verification H04L9/32 H04L63/123received data contents, e.g. message integrity H04L63/126the source of the received data H04L63/14for detecting or protecting against malicious traffic H04L63/1408by monitoring network traffic monitoring network traffic per se H04L43/00 H04L63/1416Event detection, e.g. attack signature detection H04L63/1425Traffic logging, e.g. anomaly detection H04L63/1433Vulnerability analysis H04L63/1441Countermeasures against malicious traffic countermeasures against attacks on cryptographic mechanisms H04L9/002 H04L63/145the attack involving the propagation of malware through the network, e.g. viruses, trojans or worms H04L63/1458Denial of Service H04L63/1466Active attacks involving interception, injection, modification, spoofing of data unit addresses, e.g. hijacking, packet injection or TCP sequence number attacks H04L63/1475Passive attacks, e.g. eavesdropping or listening without modification of the traffic monitored H04L63/1483service impersonation, e.g. phishing, pharming or web spoofing detection of rogue wireless access points H04W12/12 H04L63/1491using deception as countermeasure, e.g. honeypots, honeynets, decoys or entrapment H04L63/16Implementing security features at a particular protocol layer H04L63/162at the data link layer H04L63/164at the network layer H04L63/166at the transport layer H04L63/168above the transport layer H04L63/18using different networks or paths for security, e.g. using out of band channels cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for key distribution involving distinctive intermediate devices or communication paths H04L9/0827; cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for authentication using a plurality of channels H04L9/3215 H04L63/20for managing network security; network security policies in general filtering policies H04L63/0227 H04L63/205involving negotiation or determination of the one or more network security mechanisms to be used, e.g. by negotiation between the client and the server or between peers or by selection according to the capabilities of the entities involved negotiation of communication capabilities H04L69/24 H04L63/30for supporting lawful interception, monitoring or retaining of communications or communication related information circuit switched telephony call monitoring H04M3/2281 H04L63/302gathering intelligence information for situation awareness or reconnaissance H04L63/304intercepting circuit switched data communications lawful interception of wireless network communications H04W12/02 H04L63/306intercepting packet switched data communications, e.g. Web, Internet or IMS communications H04L63/308retaining data, e.g. retaining successful, unsuccessful communication attempts, internet access, or e-mail, internet telephony, intercept related information or call content H04L65/00Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication real-time or near real-time messaging, e.g. instant messaging [IM] H04L51/04; selective video distribution H04N21/00This group covers: only communications which fulfill the following two conditions: they are based on packet data; there is real-time or pseudo-real-time temporal association between source and destination, or source and network, or destination and network; provided that the above two conditions are met, this group covers arrangements relating to the transmission of the multimedia data itself, the user-to-user, user-to-network, inter-network or intra-network signalling supporting: b1. the establishment of a session for the subsequent transmission of the multimedia data, or b2. the maintenance of the session or b3. the application services available to the user during the session (unless explicitly excluded in certain cases). This group does not cover: non-real-time multimedia file transfer, which is covered by group H04L67/06;multimedia store or forward messaging as in e-mail, MMS or the like, which is covered by group H04L51/00;analogue video streaming, as in analogue television systems, which is covered by group H04N7/00;selective distribution of MPEG elementary or transport streams, containing video and/or additional data, which is covered by group H04N21/00;bit streaming, i.e. not packet-based, such as in ISDN, which is covered by group H04Q11/0428;instant messaging, which is covered by group H04L51/04;any other multimodal data communications which do not meet the conditions of being packet-based and real-time or pseudo-real-time;flow control in packet switching networks, which is covered by group H04L47/10. In this group the following terms or expressions are used with the meaning indicated: H.323 means International Telecommunication Union Recommendation no. 323, series H, entitled "Packet-based multimedia communications systems" IP means Internet Protocol IMS means IP Multimedia Subsystem ISDN means Integrated Services Digital Network MGC means Media Gateway Control/Controller MGCP means Media Gateway Control Protocol MMS means Multimedia Messaging Service PBX means Private Branch Exchange PSTN means Public Switched Telephone Network QoS means Quality of Service RTP means Real Time Protocol RTCP means Real Time Control Protocol RTSP means Real Time Streaming Protocol. SIP means Session Initiation Protocol SPAM means unsolicited electronic mail SPIT means SPAM Prevention in IP Telephony H04L65/10Architectures or entities H04L65/1013Network architectures, gateways, control or user entities H04L65/1016IP multimedia subsystem [IMS] H04L65/102Gateways arrangements for connecting between networks having differing types of switching systems, e.g. gateways, H04L12/66 H04L65/1023Media gateways H04L65/1026at the edge H04L65/103in the network H04L65/1033Signalling gateways H04L65/1036at the edge H04L65/104in the network H04L65/1043Gateway controllers, e.g. media gateway control protocol [MGCP] controllers H04L65/1045Proxies, e.g. for session initiation protocol [SIP] H04L65/1046Call controllersCall servers H04L65/1053IP private branch exchange [PBX] functionality entities or arrangements circuit switched PBXs H04M3/00Group H04L65/1053 is impacted by reclassification into group H04L65/1055.
Groups H04L65/1053 and H04L65/1055 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L65/1055Single-siteGroup H04L65/1055 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group H04L65/1053.
Groups H04L65/1053 and H04L65/1055 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L65/1056Multi-site H04L65/1059End-user terminal functionalities specially adapted for real-time communication H04L65/1063Application servers providing network services systems providing special services to telephonic subscribers H04M3/42 H04L65/1066Session management H04L65/1069Session establishment or de-establishment H04L65/1073Registration or de-registration H04L65/1076Screening of IP real time communications, e.g. spam over Internet telephony [SPIT] H04L65/1079of unsolicited session attempts, e.g. SPIT H04L65/1083In-session proceduresGroup H04L65/1083 is impacted by reclassification into groups H04L65/1094 and H04L65/1095.
Groups H04L65/1083, H04L65/1094 and H04L65/1095 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L65/1086session scope modification H04L65/1089by adding mediaby removing media H04L65/1093by adding participantsby removing participants H04L65/1094Inter-user-equipment sessions transfer or sharingGroup H04L65/1094 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group H04L65/1083.
Groups H04L65/1083 and H04L65/1094 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L65/1095Inter-network session transfer or sharingGroup H04L65/1095 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group H04L65/1083.
Groups H04L65/1083 and H04L65/1095 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L65/1096Supplementary features, e.g. call forwarding or call holding systems providing special services or facilities to telephony subscribers H04M3/42 H04L65/1101Session protocolsGroup H04L65/1101 is impacted by reclassification into group H04L65/1108.
Groups H04L65/1101 and H04L65/1108 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L65/1104Session initiation protocol [SIP] H04L65/1106Call signalling protocolsH.323 and related H04L65/1108Web based protocols, e.g. webRTCGroup H04L65/1108 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group H04L65/1101.
Groups H04L65/1101 and H04L65/1108 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L65/40Support for services or applicationsGroup H04L65/40 is impacted by reclassification into groups H04L65/401, H04L65/4015, H04L65/402, H04L65/403, H04L65/4038, H04L65/4046, H04L65/4053 and H04L65/4061.
All groups listed in this Warning should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L65/401wherein the services involve a main real-time session and one or more additional parallel real-time or time sensitive sessions, e.g. white board sharing or spawning of a subconferenceGroups H04L65/401 and H04L65/4015 are incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group H04L65/40.
Groups H04L65/40, H04L65/401 and H04L65/4015 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L65/4015where at least one of the additional parallel sessions is real time or time sensitive, e.g. white board sharing, collaboration or spawning of a subconference H04L65/402wherein the services involve a main real-time session and one or more additional parallel non-real time sessions, e.g. downloading a file in a parallel FTP session, initiating an email or combinational servicesGroup H04L65/402 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group H04L65/40.
Groups H04L65/40 and H04L65/402 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L65/4025where none of the additional parallel sessions is real time or time sensitive, e.g. downloading a file in a parallel FTP session, initiating an email or combinational services H04L65/403Arrangements for multi-party communication, e.g. for conferences data switching systems for conference H04L12/18; arrangements for connecting several subscribers to a common circuit, i.e. affording conference facilities H04M3/56; television conferencing systems H04N7/15Groups H04L65/403, H04L65/4038, H04L65/4046 and H04L65/4053 are incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group H04L65/40.
All groups listed in this Warning should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L65/4038with floor control H04L65/4046with distributed floor control H04L65/4053without floor control H04L65/4061Push-to services, e.g. push-to-talk or push-to-videoGroup H04L65/4061 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group H04L65/40.
Groups H04L65/40 and H04L65/4061 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L65/60Network streaming of media packetsGroups H04L65/60, H04L65/61, H04L65/611, H04L65/612, H04L65/613, H04L65/65 and H04L65/70 are incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group H04L9/40.
All groups listed in this Warning should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L65/61for supporting one-way streaming services, e.g. Internet radio H04L65/611for multicast or broadcast systems for broadcast or conference H04L12/18; arrangements for broadcast or distribution combined with broadcast H04H20/00; arrangements for broadcast applications with a direct linkage to broadcast information or to broadcast space-time H04H60/00; selective distribution of broadcast services, e.g. multimedia broadcast multicast service [MBMS], H04W4/06 H04L65/612for unicast H04L65/613for the control of the source by the destination control signals issued by the client directed to the server or network components specially adapted for selective content distribution H04N21/637 H04L65/65Network streaming protocols, e.g. real-time transport protocol [RTP] or real-time control protocol [RTCP] H04L65/70Media network packetisation H04L65/75Media network packet handlingGroup H04L65/75 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group H04L9/40.
Group H04L65/75 is also impacted by reclassification into groups H04L65/752 and H04L65/756.
All groups listed in this Warning should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L65/752adapting media to network capabilitiesGroup H04L65/752 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from groups H04L9/40 and H04L65/75.
Groups H04L9/40, H04L65/75 and H04L65/752 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L65/756adapting media to device capabilitiesGroup H04L65/756 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from groups H04L9/40 and H04L65/75.
Groups H04L9/40, H04L65/75 and H04L65/756 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L65/762at the source  reformatting of additional data in video distribution servers H04N21/2355 H04L65/764at the destination  reformatting of additional data in video clients H04N21/4355 H04L65/765intermediate H04L65/80Responding to QoS H04L67/00Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications user-to-user messaging H04L51/00; network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communications networks H04L65/00 This group covers:Networking arrangements or communication protocols to support networked applications which occur at the abstract network layers 5 to 7 of the OSI layer model. The higher layers constitute the interface between the network and the computer applications that use the network to communicate. Network-specific aspects of client-server applications as well as of networking arrangements supporting networked/distributed applications, e.g. data transport, scheduling. This group also covers specific networked application layer protocols, e.g. FTP, WAP, HTTP.This group does not cover:Distributed applications which are network-agnostic, i.e. distributed information systems for which the network functions are transparent. These field are covered, e.g. by G06F9/00, G06F17/00. Data switching network provisions in general and the lower layer network functionalities which support application layer provisions are covered by H04L12/00 H04L67/01ProtocolsGroup H04L67/01 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group H04L9/40.
Group H04L67/01 is also impacted by reclassification into groups H04L67/02, H04L67/025, H04L67/04, H04L67/06, H04L67/08, H04L67/10, H04L67/1001, H04L67/1004, H04L67/1006, H04L67/1008, H04L67/101, H04L67/1012, H04L67/1014, H04L67/1017, H04L67/1019, H04L67/1021, H04L67/1023, H04L67/1025, H04L67/1027, H04L67/1029, H04L67/1031, H04L67/1034, H04L67/1036, H04L67/1038, H04L67/104, H04L67/1042, H04L67/1044, H04L67/1046, H04L67/1048, H04L67/1051, H04L67/1053, H04L67/1055, H04L67/1057, H04L67/1059, H04L67/1061, H04L67/1063, H04L67/1065, H04L67/1068, H04L67/107, H04L67/1072, H04L67/1074, H04L67/1076, H04L67/1078, H04L67/108, H04L67/1082, H04L67/1085, H04L67/1087, H04L67/1089, H04L67/1091, H04L67/1093, H04L67/1095, H04L67/1097, H04L67/12, H04L67/125, H04L67/131, H04L67/133, H04L67/1396, H04L67/2866, H04L67/2869, H04L67/2871, H04L67/2876, H04L67/288, H04L67/2885, H04L67/289, H04L67/2895, H04L67/30, H04L67/303 and H04L67/306.
All groups listed in this Warning should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L67/02based on web technology, e.g. hypertext transfer protocol [HTTP]Groups H04L67/02 and H04L67/025 are incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group H04L67/01.
Groups H04L67/01, H04L67/02 and H04L67/025 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L67/025for remote control or remote monitoring of applications H04L67/04specially adapted for terminals or networks with limited capabilitiesspecially adapted for terminal portabilityGroup H04L67/04 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group H04L67/01.
Groups H04L67/01 and H04L67/04 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L67/06specially adapted for file transfer, e.g. file transfer protocol [FTP]Group H04L67/06 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group H04L67/01.
Groups H04L67/01 and H04L67/06 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L67/08specially adapted for terminal emulation, e.g. TelnetGroup H04L67/08 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group H04L67/01.
Groups H04L67/01 and H04L67/08 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L67/10in which an application is distributed across nodes in the network software deployment G06F8/60; multiprogramming arrangements G06F9/46Group H04L67/10 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group H04L67/01.
Groups H04L67/01 and H04L67/10 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L67/1001for accessing one among a plurality of replicated serversGroup H04L67/1001 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from groups H04L9/40 and H04L67/01.
Groups H04L9/40, H04L67/01 and H04L67/1001 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L67/10015Access to distributed or replicated servers, e.g. using brokersGroup H04L67/10015 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group H04L9/40.
Groups H04L9/40 and H04L67/10015 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L67/1004Server selection for load balancingGroup H04L67/1004 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group H04L67/01.
Groups H04L67/01 and H04L67/1004 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L67/1006with static server selection, e.g. the same server being selected for a specific clientGroup H04L67/1006 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group H04L67/01.
Groups H04L67/01 and H04L67/1006 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L67/1008based on parameters of servers, e.g. available memory or workload monitoring of computer activity G06F11/30Group H04L67/1008 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group H04L67/01.
Groups H04L67/01 and H04L67/1008 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L67/101based on network conditionsGroup H04L67/101 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group H04L67/01.
Groups H04L67/01 and H04L67/101 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L67/1012based on compliance of requirements or conditions with available server resourcesGroup H04L67/1012 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group H04L67/01.
Groups H04L67/01 and H04L67/1012 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L67/1014based on the content of a requestGroup H04L67/1014 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group H04L67/01.
Groups H04L67/01 and H04L67/1014 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L67/1017based on a round robin mechanismGroup H04L67/1017 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group H04L67/01.
Groups H04L67/01 and H04L67/1017 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L67/1019Random or heuristic server selectionGroup H04L67/1019 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group H04L67/01.
Groups H04L67/01 and H04L67/1019 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L67/1021based on client or server locationsGroup H04L67/1021 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group H04L67/01.
Groups H04L67/01 and H04L67/1021 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L67/1023based on a hash applied to IP addresses or costsGroup H04L67/1023 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group H04L67/01.
Groups H04L67/01 and H04L67/1023 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L67/1025Dynamic adaptation of the criteria on which the server selection is basedGroup H04L67/1025 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group H04L67/01.
Groups H04L67/01 and H04L67/1025 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L67/1027Persistence of sessions during load balancingGroup H04L67/1027 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group H04L67/01.
Groups H04L67/01 and H04L67/1027 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L67/1029using data related to the state of servers by a load balancerGroup H04L67/1029 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group H04L67/01.
Groups H04L67/01 and H04L67/1029 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L67/1031Controlling of the operation of servers by a load balancer, e.g. adding or removing servers that serve requestsGroup H04L67/1031 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group H04L67/01.
Groups H04L67/01 and H04L67/1031 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L67/1034Reaction to server failures by a load balancerGroup H04L67/1034 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group H04L67/01.
Groups H04L67/01 and H04L67/1034 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L67/1036Load balancing of requests to servers for services different from user content provisioning, e.g. load balancing across domain name serversGroup H04L67/1036 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group H04L67/01.
Groups H04L67/01 and H04L67/1036 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L67/1038Load balancing arrangements to avoid a single path through a load balancerGroup H04L67/1038 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group H04L67/01.
Groups H04L67/01 and H04L67/1038 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L67/104Peer-to-peer [P2P] networksGroups H04L67/104, H04L67/1042, H04L67/1044, H04L67/1046, H04L67/1048, H04L67/1051, H04L67/1053, H04L67/1055, H04L67/1057, H04L67/1059, H04L67/1061, H04L67/1063, H04L67/1065, H04L67/1068, H04L67/107, H04L67/1072, H04L67/1074, H04L67/1076, H04L67/1078, H04L67/108, H04L67/1082, H04L67/1085, H04L67/1087, H04L67/1089, H04L67/1091 and H04L67/1093 are incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group H04L67/01.
All groups listed in this Warning should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L67/1042using topology management mechanisms H04L67/1044Group management mechanisms  management of multicast group membership H04L12/185; reconfiguring of node membership in a computing system to eliminate errors G06F11/1425 H04L67/1046Joining mechanisms H04L67/1048Departure or maintenance mechanisms H04L67/1051Group master selection mechanisms H04L67/1053with pre-configuration of logical or physical connections with a determined number of other peers H04L67/1055involving connection limits involving dynamic management of active down- or uploading connections H04L67/1085 H04L67/1057involving pre-assessment of levels of reputation of peers H04L67/1059Inter-group management mechanisms, e.g. splitting, merging or interconnection of groups H04L67/1061using node-based peer discovery mechanisms static access to replicated servers H04L67/1006; service discovery H04L67/51 H04L67/1063Discovery through centralising entities H04L67/1065Discovery involving distributed pre-established resource-based relationships among peers, e.g. based on distributed hash tables [DHT]  pre-configuration of logical or physical connections H04L67/1053 H04L67/1068Discovery involving direct consultation or announcement among potential requesting and potential source peers H04L67/107with limitation or expansion of the discovery scope H04L67/1072Discovery involving ranked list compilation of candidate peers H04L67/1074for supporting data block transmission mechanisms file transfer H04L67/06 H04L67/1076Resource dissemination mechanisms or network resource keeping policies for optimal resource availability in the overlay network H04L67/1078Resource delivery mechanisms H04L67/108characterised by resources being split in blocks or fragments H04L67/1082involving incentive schemes H04L67/1085involving dynamic management of active down- or uploading connections H04L67/1087using cross-functional networking aspects H04L67/1089Hierarchical topologies H04L67/1091Interfacing with client-server systems or between P2P systems H04L67/1093Some peer nodes performing special functions H04L67/1095Replication or mirroring of data, e.g. scheduling or transport for data synchronisation between network nodesGroup H04L67/1095 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group H04L67/01.
Groups H04L67/01 and H04L67/1095 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L67/1097for distributed storage of data in networks, e.g. transport arrangements for network file system [NFS], storage area networks [SAN] or network attached storage [NAS]Group H04L67/1097 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group H04L67/01.
Groups H04L67/01 and H04L67/1097 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L67/12specially adapted for proprietary or special-purpose networking environments, e.g. medical networks, sensor networks, networks in vehicles or remote metering networksGroups H04L67/12 and H04L67/125 are incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group H04L67/01.
All groups listed in this Warning should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L67/125involving control of end-device applications over a network H04L67/131Protocols for games, networked simulations or virtual realityGroup H04L67/131 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from groups H04L9/40 and H04L67/01.
Groups H04L9/40, H04L67/01 and H04L67/131 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L67/133Protocols for remote procedure calls [RPC]Group H04L67/133 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from groups H04L9/40 and H04L67/01.
Groups H04L9/40, H04L67/01 and H04L67/133 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L67/1396specially adapted for monitoring users' activityGroup H04L67/1396 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from groups H04L9/40 and H04L67/01.
Groups H04L9/40, H04L67/01 and H04L67/1396 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L67/14Session management for real-time applications in data packet communications networks H04L65/1066 H04L67/141Setup of application sessions admission control or resource allocation in data switching networks H04L47/70 H04L67/142Managing session states for stateless protocolsSignalling session statesState transitionsKeeping-state mechanisms H04L67/143Termination or inactivation of sessions, e.g. event-controlled end of session H04L67/145avoiding end of session, e.g. keep-alive, heartbeats, resumption message or wake-up for inactive or interrupted session H04L67/146Markers for unambiguous identification of a particular session, e.g. session cookie or URL-encoding H04L67/147Signalling methods or messages providing extensions to protocols defined by standardisation H04L67/148Migration or transfer of sessions H04L67/2866ArchitecturesArrangementsGroups H04L67/2866, H04L67/2869, H04L67/2871, H04L67/2876, H04L67/288, H04L67/2885, H04L67/289, H04L67/2895, H04L67/30, H04L67/303 and H04L67/306 are incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group H04L67/01.
All groups listed in this Warning should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L67/2869Terminals specially adapted for communication H04L67/2871Implementation details of single intermediate entities H04L67/2876Pairs of inter-processing entities at each side of the network, e.g. split proxies H04L67/288Distributed intermediate devices, i.e. intermediate devices for interaction with other intermediate devices on the same level H04L67/2885Hierarchically arranged intermediate devices, e.g. for hierarchical caching H04L67/289Intermediate processing functionally located close to the data consumer application, e.g. in same machine, in same home or in same sub-network H04L67/2895Intermediate processing functionally located close to the data provider application, e.g. reverse proxies H04L67/30Profiles H04L67/303Terminal profiles H04L67/306User profiles H04L67/34involving the movement of software or configuration parameters  network booting or remote initial program loading [RIPL] G06F9/4416 H04L67/50Network servicesGroup H04L67/50 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group H04L9/40.
Groups H04L9/40 and H04L67/50 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L67/51Discovery or management thereof, e.g. service location protocol [SLP] or web services H04L67/52specially adapted for the location of the user terminal H04L67/53using third party service providers H04L67/535Tracking the activity of the user network monitoring arrangements H04L43/00; recording of computer activity G06F11/34 H04L67/54Presence management, e.g. monitoring or registration for receipt of user log-on information, or the connection status of the users H04L67/55Push-based network services H04L67/56Provisioning of proxy services store-and-forward switching systems in data switching networks H04L12/54 H04L67/561Adding application-functional data or data for application control, e.g. adding metadata H04L67/562Brokering proxy services H04L67/563Data redirection of data network streams H04L67/564Enhancement of application control based on intercepted application data H04L67/565Conversion or adaptation of application format or content adding application control or application functional data H04L67/561 H04L67/5651Reducing the amount or size of exchanged application data H04L67/566Grouping or aggregating service requests, e.g. for unified processing H04L67/567Integrating service provisioning from a plurality of service providers H04L67/568Storing data temporarily at an intermediate stage, e.g. caching H04L67/5681Pre-fetching or pre-delivering data based on network characteristics H04L67/5682Policies or rules for updating, deleting or replacing the stored data H04L67/5683Storage of data provided by user terminals, i.e. reverse caching H04L67/59Providing operational support to end devices by off-loading in the network or by emulation, e.g. when they are unavailable H04L67/60Scheduling or organising the servicing of application requests, e.g. requests for application data transmissions using the analysis and optimisation of the required network resources admission control or resource allocation H04L47/70 H04L67/61taking into account QoS or priority requirements H04L67/62Establishing a time schedule for servicing the requests H04L67/63Routing a service request depending on the request content or context H04L67/75Indicating network or usage conditions on the user display H04L69/00Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass networks security protocols H04L9/40; wireless communication networks H04W H04L69/02Protocol performance H04L69/03Protocol definition or specification  protocol conformance testing H04L1/244 H04L69/04Protocols for data compression, e.g. ROHC H04L69/06Notations for structuring of protocol data, e.g. abstract syntax notation one [ASN.1] H04L69/08Protocols for interworkingProtocol conversionGroup H04L69/08 is impacted by reclassification into group H04L69/085.
Groups H04L69/08 and H04L69/085 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L69/085specially adapted for interworking of IP-based networks with other networksGroup H04L69/085 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group H04L69/08.
Groups H04L69/08 and H04L69/085 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L69/10Streamlined, light-weight or high-speed protocols, e.g. express transfer protocol [XTP] or byte stream H04L69/12Protocol engines H04L69/14Multichannel or multilink protocols H04L69/16Implementation or adaptation of Internet protocol [IP], of transmission control protocol [TCP] or of user datagram protocol [UDP] H04L69/161Implementation details of TCP/IP or UDP/IP stack architecture; Specification of modified or new header fields H04L69/162involving adaptations of sockets based mechanisms secure socket layer H04L63/168 H04L69/163In-band adaptation of TCP data exchangeIn-band control procedures H04L69/164Adaptation or special uses of UDP protocol H04L69/165Combined use of TCP and UDP protocolsselection criteria therefor H04L69/166IP fragmentationTCP segmentation H04L69/167Adaptation for transition between two IP versions, e.g. between IPv4 and IPv6 translation of Internet protocol [IP] addresses H04L61/2503 H04L69/168specially adapted for link layer protocols, e.g. asynchronous transfer mode [ATM], synchronous optical network [SONET] or point-to-point protocol [PPP] H04L69/169Special adaptations of TCP, UDP or IP for interworking of IP based networks with other networks  protocols for interworking, protocol conversion H04L69/08 H04L69/18Multiprotocol handlers, e.g. single devices capable of handling multiple protocols H04L69/22Parsing or analysis of headers H04L69/24Negotiation of communication capabilities H04L69/26Special purpose or proprietary protocols or architectures network applications for proprietary or special purpose networking environments H04L67/12 H04L69/28Timers or timing mechanisms used in protocols H04L69/30Definitions, standards or architectural aspects of layered protocol stacks H04L69/32Architecture of open systems interconnection [OSI] 7-layer type protocol stacks, e.g. the interfaces between the data link level and the physical levelGroup H04L69/32 is impacted by reclassification into groups H04L69/321, H04L69/322, H04L69/323, H04L69/324, H04L69/325, H04L69/326, H04L69/327, H04L69/328, and H04L69/329.
All groups listed in this Warning should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L69/321Interlayer communication protocols or service data unit [SDU] definitionsInterfaces between layersGroup H04L69/321 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group H04L69/32.
Groups H04L69/32 and H04L69/321 should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L69/322Intralayer communication protocols among peer entities or protocol data unit [PDU] definitionsGroups H04L69/322 H04L69/323, H04L69/324, H04L69/325, H04L69/326, H04L69/327, H04L69/328 and H04L69/329 are incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group H04L69/32.
All groups listed in this Warning should be considered in order to perform a complete search. H04L69/323in the physical layer [OSI layer 1] H04L69/324 in the data link layer [OSI layer 2], e.g. HDLC H04L69/325in the network layer [OSI layer 3], e.g. X.25 H04L69/16 takes precedence H04L69/326in the transport layer [OSI layer 4] H04L69/16 takes precedence H04L69/327in the session layer [OSI layer 5] H04L69/328in the presentation layer [OSI layer 6] H04L69/329in the application layer [OSI layer 7] H04L69/40for recovering from a failure of a protocol instance or entity, e.g. service redundancy protocols, protocol state redundancy or protocol service redirection management of faults, events, alarms or notifications in data switching networks H04L41/06 H04L2101/00Indexing scheme associated with group H04L61/00 H04L2101/30Types of network names H04L2101/32containing non-Latin characters, e.g. Chinese domain names H04L2101/33containing protocol addresses or telephone numbers H04L2101/345containing wildcard characters H04L2101/35containing special prefixes H04L2101/355containing special suffixes H04L2101/365Application layer names, e.g. buddy names, unstructured names chosen by a user or home appliance name H04L2101/37E-mail addresses H04L2101/375Access point names [APN] H04L2101/38Telephone uniform resource identifier [URI] H04L2101/385Uniform resource identifier for session initiation protocol [SIP URI] H04L2101/39Globally routable user-agent uniform resource identifier [GRUU] for the session initiation protocol [SIP] H04L2101/395Internet protocol multimedia private identity [IMPI]Internet protocol multimedia public identity [IMPU] H04L2101/60Types of network addresses H04L2101/604Address structures or formats H04L2101/618Details of network addresses H04L2101/622Layer-2 addresses, e.g. medium access control [MAC] addresses H04L2101/627Controller area network [CAN] identifiers H04L2101/631Small computer system interface [SCSI] addresses H04L2101/636IEEE1394 identification numbers H04L2101/64Asynchronous transfer mode [ATM] addresses H04L2101/645Fibre channel identifiers H04L2101/65Telephone numbers H04L2101/654International mobile subscriber identity [IMSI] numbers H04L2101/659Internet protocol version 6 [IPv6] addresses H04L2101/663Transport layer addresses, e.g. aspects of transmission control protocol [TCP] or user datagram protocol [UDP] ports H04L2101/668Internet protocol [IP] address subnets H04L2101/672Short addresses H04L2101/677Multiple interfaces, e.g. multihomed nodes H04L2101/681using addresses for wireless personal area networks or wireless sensor networks, e.g. Zigbee addresses H04L2101/686using dual-stack hosts, e.g. in Internet protocol version 4 [IPv4]/Internet protocol version 6 [IPv6] networks H04L2101/69using geographic information, e.g. room number H04L2101/695using masks or ranges of addresses H04L2201/00 H04L2201/00Algorithms used for the adjustment of time-domain equalizers H04L2201/02minimizing an error signal, e.g. least squares, minimum square error H04L2201/04zero-forcing H04L2201/06using the output of a maximum likelihood decoder (Viterbi detector) H04L2201/08Algorithms not covered by groups H04L2201/02 - H04L2201/06 H04L2203/00Characteristics of phase shift key signals H04L2203/02differential H04L2203/04continuous phase H04L2209/00Additional information or applications relating to cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communication H04L9/00 H04L2209/04Masking or blinding H04L2209/043of tables, e.g. lookup, substitution or mapping H04L2209/046of operations, operands or results of the operations H04L2209/08Randomization, e.g. dummy operations or using noise H04L2209/12Details relating to cryptographic hardware or logic circuitry H04L2209/122Hardware reduction or efficient architectures H04L2209/125Parallelization or pipelining, e.g. for accelerating processing of cryptographic operations H04L2209/127Trusted platform modules [TPM] H04L2209/16Obfuscation or hiding, e.g. involving white box H04L2209/20Manipulating the length of blocks of bits, e.g. padding or block truncation H04L2209/24Key scheduling, i.e. generating round keys or sub-keys for block encryption H04L2209/26Testing cryptographic entity, e.g. testing integrity of encryption key or encryption algorithm H04L2209/30Compression, e.g. Merkle-Damgard construction H04L2209/34Encoding or coding, e.g. Huffman coding or error correction H04L2209/42Anonymization, e.g. involving pseudonyms H04L2209/46Secure multiparty computation, e.g. millionaire problem H04L2209/463Electronic voting H04L2209/466Electronic auction H04L2209/50Oblivious transfer H04L2209/56Financial cryptography, e.g. electronic payment or e-cash H04L2209/60Digital content management, e.g. content distribution H04L2209/601Broadcast encryption H04L2209/603Digital right managament [DRM] H04L2209/605Copy protection H04L2209/606Traitor tracing H04L2209/608Watermarking H04L2209/64Self-signed certificates H04L2209/68Special signature format, e.g. XML format H04L2209/72Signcrypting, i.e. digital signing and encrypting simultaneously H04L2209/76Proxy, i.e. using intermediary entity to perform cryptographic operations network architectures or network communication protocols using hop-by-hop encryption H04L63/0464 H04L2209/80Wireless network architectures or network communication protocols for wireless network security H04W12/00 H04L2209/805Lightweight hardware, e.g. radio-frequency identification [RFID] or sensor H04L2209/84Vehicles H04L2209/88Medical equipments H04L2212/00Encapsulation of packets H04L2463/00Additional details relating to network architectures or network communication protocols for network security covered by H04L63/00 H04L2463/041using an encryption or decryption engine integrated in transmitted data H04L2463/061applying further key derivation, e.g. deriving traffic keys from a pair-wise master key cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for generation of secret information including derivation or calculation of cryptographic keys or passwords H04L9/0861 H04L2463/062applying encryption of the keys cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for key distribution using key encryption key H04L9/0822 H04L2463/081applying self-generating credentials, e.g. instead of receiving credentials from an authority or from another peer, the credentials are generated at the entity itself cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for generation of secret information including derivation or calculation of cryptographic keys or passwords H04L9/0861 H04L2463/082applying multi-factor authentication cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system or for message authentication H04L9/32 H04L2463/101applying security measures for digital rights management data processing systems or methods, specially adapted for commerce, e.g. marketing, shopping, billing, auctions or e-commerce G06Q30/00 H04L2463/102applying security measure for e-commerce data processing systems or methods, specially adapted for e-commerce G06Q30/00 H04L2463/103applying security measure for protecting copy right protecting software against unauthorised usage in a vending or licensing environment, e.g. protection the software providers copyright G06F21/10; data processing systems or methods, specially adapted for payment schemes, architectures or protocols G06Q20/00; secrecy systems or subscription systems H04N7/16 H04L2463/121Timestamp cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements involving time stamps H04L9/3297 H04L2463/141Denial of service attacks against endpoints in a network H04L2463/142Denial of service attacks against network infrastructure H04L2463/143Denial of service attacks involving systematic or selective dropping of packets H04L2463/144Detection or countermeasures against botnets H04L2463/145Detection or countermeasures against cache poisoning H04L2463/146Tracing the source of attacks