B22CFOUNDRY MOULDING moulding refractory materials in general B28BThis subclass covers: the making of moulds for casting metals or of other refractory moulds;selection or preparation of materials therefor;the necessary patterns, processes, machines, accessory devices or tools.The following IPC groups are not in the CPC scheme. The subject matter for these IPC groups is classified in the following CPC groups: B22C3/02 covered by B22C3/00B22C5/13 covered by B22C5/12B22C7/05 covered by B22C7/04B22C9/11 covered by B22C9/10B22C9/14 covered by B22C9/12B22C9/16 covered by B22C9/12B22C15/264 - B22C15/276 covered by B22C15/23B22C19/01 covered by B22C19/00In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme. B22C1/00 B22C1/00Compositions of refractory mould or core materialsGrain structures thereof refractory materials in general C04B35/00Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds B22C1/02characterised by additives for special purposes, e.g. indicators, breakdown additives B22C1/04for protection of the casting, e.g. against decarbonisation B22C1/06for casting extremely oxidisable metals B22C1/08for decreasing shrinkage of the mould, e.g. for investment casting B22C1/10for influencing the hardening tendency of the mould material influencing the hardening tendency of the binding agent only B22C1/16 B22C1/12for manufacturing permanent moulds or cores B22C1/14for separating the pattern from the mould B22C1/16characterised by the use of binding agentsMixtures of binding agents B22C1/162use of a gaseous treating agent for hardening the binder B22C1/165in the manufacture of multilayered shell moulds B22C1/167Mixtures of inorganic and organic binding agents B22C1/18of inorganic agents B22C1/162 takes precedence B22C1/181Cements, oxides or clays B22C1/183Sols, colloids or hydroxide gels B22C1/185containing phosphates, phosphoric acids or its derivatives B22C1/186contaming ammonium or metal silicates, silica sols B22C1/188Alkali metal silicates B22C1/20of organic agents B22C1/205of organic silicon or metal compounds, other organometallic compounds B22C1/22of resins or rosins B22C1/2206obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds B22C1/2213Polyalkenes B22C1/222Polyacrylates B22C1/2226Polymers containing halogens B22C1/2233obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds B22C1/224Furan polymers B22C1/2273 takes precedence B22C1/2246Condensation polymers of aldehydes and ketones B22C1/224, B22C1/2273 take precedence B22C1/2253with phenols B22C1/226Polyepoxides B22C1/2266Polyesters; Polycarbonates B22C1/2273Polyurethanes; Polyisocyanates B22C1/228Polyamides B22C1/2286Polyethers B22C1/2293Natural polymers B22C1/24, B22C1/26 take precedence B22C1/24of oily or fatty substancesof distillation residues therefrom B22C1/26of carbohydratesof distillation residues therefrom B22C3/00Selection of compositions for coating the surfaces of moulds, cores, or patterns B22C5/00Machines or devices specially designed for dressing or handling the mould material so far as specially adapted for that purpose of general applicability, see the relevant places, e.g. for material with water-setting properties B28C B22C5/02Dressing by centrifuging essentially or additionally B22C5/04by grinding, blending, mixing, kneading, or stirring B22C5/0404Stirring by using vibrations while grinding B22C5/0409Blending, mixing, kneading or stirring; Methods therefor B22C5/0486 takes precedence B22C5/0413Horizontal mixing and conveying units, e.g. the unit being rotatable about a vertical axis, or having a supplementary mixing house with a vertical axis at its end B22C5/0418Details concerning the method B22C5/0422Devices having a fixed receptable with rotating tools, some or all of these tools being rolls or balls loosely mounted on their axis or loose balls in contact with the side wall or the bottom of the receptacle, e.g. with aerating means; "Devices of the Muller type" B22C5/0427having only one vertical tool-driving shaft B22C5/0431having at least two vertical tool-driving shafts B22C5/0436having a horizontal tool-driving shaft B22C5/044Devices having a vertical stirrer shaft in a fixed receptacle B22C5/0422 takes precedence B22C5/0445the material flowing continuously through the device B22C5/045Devices having a horizontal stirrer shaft in a fixed receptacle B22C5/0422 takes precedence B22C5/0454with bottom disc rotating about a vertical axis or with receptacle rotating about a vertical or steeply inclined axis, e.g. with fixed or driven tools, such as rolls B22C5/0459with a receptacle rotating about a horizontal or slightly inclined axis, e.g. with fixed or rotating tools B22C5/0463Plants B22C5/0468having feeding moulds, e.g. using gas B22C5/0472Parts; Accessories; Controlling; Feeding; Discharging; Proportioning B22C5/0477Mixing while transporting the mixture on an endless belt, e.g. with driven stirring elements B22C5/0481using vibrations B22C5/0486Movable devices for cutting or mixing material laying on the ground B22C5/049using rotating tools B22C5/0495combined with another operation, e.g. sieving, or with means for picking up material from the ground B22C5/06by sieving or magnetic separating B22C5/08by sprinkling, cooling, or drying B22C5/085Cooling or drying the sand together with the castings B22C5/10by dust separating B22C5/12for filling flasks in combination with compacting B22C15/20 - B22C15/28 B22C5/14Equipment for storing or handling the dressed mould material, forming part of a plant for preparing such material B22C5/16with conveyors or other equipment for feeding the material B22C5/18Plants for preparing mould materials B22C5/185comprising a wet reclamation step B22C7/00PatternsManufacture thereof so far as not provided for in other classes B22C7/005Adjustable, sectional, expandable or flexible patterns B22C7/02Lost patterns B22C7/023Patterns made from expanded plastic materials B22C7/026by assembling preformed parts joining of plastics, in general B29C65/00 B22C7/04Pattern plates B22C7/06Core boxes B22C7/062Sealing means B22C7/065Venting means B22C7/067Ejector elements B22C9/00Moulds or cores uniquely adapted to particular casting processes B22DMoulding processes processes involving the use of particular moulding machines, see the relevant groups for these machines B22C9/02Sand moulds or like moulds for shaped castings B22C9/03formed by vacuum-sealed moulding B22C9/04Use of lost patterns B22C9/043Removing the consumable pattern B22C9/046Use of patterns which are eliminated by the liquid metal in the mould B22C9/06Permanent moulds for shaped castings moulds for ingots B22D7/06 B22C9/061Materials which make up the mould B22C9/062Mechanisms for locking or opening moulds B22C9/064Locating means for cores B22C9/065Cooling or heating equipment for moulds B22C9/067Venting means for moulds B22C9/068Semi-permanent moulds B22C9/08Features with respect to supply of molten metal, e.g. ingates, circular gates, skim gates B22C9/082Sprues, pouring cups B22C9/084Breaker cores B22C9/086Filters B22C9/088Feeder heads B22C9/10CoresManufacture or installation of cores breaker cores B22C9/084 B22C9/101Permanent cores B22C9/103Multipart cores B22C9/105Salt cores B22C9/106Vented or reinforced cores B22C9/108Installation of cores B22C9/12Treating moulds or cores, e.g. drying, hardening B22C9/123Gas-hardening B22C9/126Hardening by freezing B22C9/18Finishing B22C9/20Stack moulds, i.e. arrangement of multiple moulds or flasks B22C9/22Moulds for peculiarly-shaped castings B22C9/24for hollow articles B22C9/26for ribbed tubesfor radiators B22C9/28for wheels, rolls, or rollers B22D15/005 takes precedence B22C9/30for chains B22C11/00Moulding machines for making moulds or cores B22C11/00Moulding machines characterised by the relative arrangement of the parts of same B22C11/02Machines in which the moulds are moved during a cycle of successive operations B22C11/04by a horizontal rotary table or carrier B22C11/06by a vertical rotary carrier B22C11/08by non-rotary conveying means, e.g. by travelling platforms B22C11/10with one or more flasks forming part of the machine, from which only the sand moulds made by compacting are removed B22C11/12Moulding machines able to travel B22C13/00Moulding machines for making moulds or cores of particular shapes B22C13/02equipped with templates, e.g. for sweeping operation B22C13/04with rotary templates, e.g. arranged on a pillar B22C13/06with non-rotary template and rotary flask B22C13/08for shell moulds or shell cores B22C13/085by investing a lost pattern B22C13/10for pipes or elongated hollow articles B22C13/12for cores B22C13/14by sweeping, turning, or coating B22C13/16by pressing through a die B22C15/00Moulding machines characterised by the compacting mechanismAccessories therefor B22C15/02Compacting by pressing devices only B22C15/04involving muscle power, e.g. hand-operated levers B22C15/06involving mechanical gearings, e.g. crank gears B22C15/04 takes precedence B22C15/08involving pneumatic or hydraulic mechanisms B22C15/10Compacting by jarring devices only B22C15/12involving mechanical gearings B22C15/14involving pneumatic or hydraulic mechanisms B22C15/16the machine having special provision for reducing shock to its frame B22C15/18by means of separate shock-absorbers B22C15/20Compacting by centrifugal forces only, e.g. in sand slingers B22C15/23Compacting by gas pressure or vacuum B22C15/24involving blowing devices in which the mould material is supplied in the form of loose particles B22C15/245Blowing tubes B22C15/26involving propulsion devices in which the mould material is supplied in the shape of a compacted column or the like B22C15/28Compacting by different means acting simultaneously or successively, e.g. preliminary blowing and finally pressing B22C15/30by both pressing and jarring devices B22C15/32involving mechanical gearing only B22C15/34involving pneumatic or hydraulic mechanisms only B22C17/00Moulding machines characterised by the mechanism for separating the pattern from the mould or for turning over the flask or the pattern plate B22C17/02Moulding machines with pin lifting arrangement B22C17/04Drop-plate moulding machines B22C17/06Moulding machines using stripping platesStripping plates B22C17/08Moulding machines with mechanisms to turn over the pattern plate or the mould around a horizontal axis B22C17/10Turning-over pattern plate and flask only B22C17/14 takes precedence B22C17/12Turning-over pattern plate, flask, and compacting device as a unit B22C17/14 takes precedence B22C17/14arranged to one side of the mould table, so-called roll-over table moulding machines B22C19/00Components or accessories for moulding machines B22C19/02Mould tables B22C19/04Controlling devices specially designed for moulding machines B22C19/06Devices for rapping or loosening the pattern B22C21/00FlasksAccessories therefor stripping plates B22C17/06 B22C21/01for vacuum-sealed moulding B22C21/02Sectional flasks, i.e. with divided, articulated, or interchangeable side sections B22C21/04Upset framesBottom boards or mould boards pattern plates B22C7/04 B22C21/06Bottom boards or mould boards B22C21/08Clamping equipment B22C21/10Guiding equipment B22C21/12Accessories B22C21/14for reinforcing or securing moulding materials or cores, e.g. gaggers, chaplets, pins, bars B22C23/00ToolsDevices not mentioned before for moulding B22C23/02Devices for coating moulds or cores B22C25/00Foundry moulding plants for preparing mould materials B22C5/18; in combination with casting plants B22D47/02