F02PIGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINESTESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES anti-pollution means for internal-combustion engines F02B17/00; specially adapted for rotary-piston or oscillating-piston engines F02B53/12; ignition of gas turbine plants F02C7/26; ignition of jet propulsion plants F02K9/95; starting of combustion engines F02N9/00; ignition of combustion apparatus in general, glowing plugs F23Q; measuring of physical variables in general G01; controlling in general G05; data processing in general G06; electrical components in general see Section H; ignition coils H01F38/12; sparking plugs H01T13/00In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme. F02P1/00Electric spark ignition installations characterised by the type of ignition power generation or storage F02P1/00Installations having electric ignition energy generated by magneto- or dynamo- electric generators without subsequent storage combination starter-magneto F02N11/06; magneto- or dynamo-electric generators H02K21/00 F02P1/005Construction and fastening of elements of magnetos other than the magnetic circuit and the windings F02P1/02 - F02P1/08 take precedence F02P1/02the generator rotor being characterised by forming part of the engine flywheel F02P1/04the generator being specially adapted for use with specific engine types, e.g. engines with V arrangement of cylinders F02P1/06Generator drives, e.g. having snap couplings F02P1/08Layout of circuits F02P1/083for generating sparks by opening or closing a coil circuit F02P1/086for generating sparks by discharging a capacitor into a coil circuit F02P3/00Other installations F02P3/005having inductive-capacitance energy storage capacitive storage installations using an intermediate charging inductance F02P3/0876 F02P3/01Electric spark ignition installations without subsequent energy storage, i.e. energy supplied by an electrical oscillator with magneto- or dynamo-electric generators F02P1/00; piezo-electric ignition F02P3/12; with continuous electric spark F02P15/10 F02P3/02having inductive energy storage, e.g. arrangements of induction coils ignition coils structurally combined with sparking plugs F02P13/00; constructional details of ignition coils H01F38/12 F02P3/04Layout of circuits F02P3/0407Opening or closing the primary coil circuit with electronic switching means F02P3/045 - F02P3/055 take precedence F02P3/0414using digital techniques F02P3/0428, F02P3/0442 take precedence F02P3/0421with electronic tubes F02P3/0428using digital techniques F02P3/0435with semiconductor devices F02P3/0453, F02P3/051, F02P3/0552 take precedence F02P3/0442using digital techniques F02P3/0456, F02P3/053, F02P3/0554, F02P3/0558 take precedence F02P3/045for control of the dwell or anti dwell time F02P3/0453Opening or closing the primary coil circuit with semiconductor devices F02P3/0456using digital techniques F02P3/05for control of the magnitude of the current in the ignition coil during starting F02P15/12 F02P3/051Opening or closing the primary coil circuit with semiconductor devices F02P3/053using digital techniques F02P3/055with protective means to prevent damage to the circuit, e.g. semiconductor devices or the ignition coil F02P3/0552Opening or closing the primary coil circuit with semiconductor devices F02P3/0554using digital techniques F02P3/0558 takes precedence F02P3/0556Protecting the coil when the engine is stopped F02P3/0558using digital techniques F02P3/06having capacitive energy storage piezo-electric or electrostatic ignition F02P3/12 F02P3/08Layout of circuits for low tension F02P3/10 F02P3/0807Closing the discharge circuit of the storage capacitor with electronic switching means F02P3/0853, F02P3/0876, F02P3/09 take precedence F02P3/0815using digital techniques F02P3/083, F02P3/0846 take precedence F02P3/0823with electronic tubes F02P3/083using digital techniques F02P3/0838with semiconductor devices F02P3/0861, F02P3/0884, F02P3/093 take precedence F02P3/0846using digital techniques F02P3/0869, F02P3/0892, F02P3/096 take precedence F02P3/0853for control of the dwell or anti-dwell time F02P3/0861Closing the discharge circuit of the storage capacitor with semiconductor devices F02P3/0869using digital techniques F02P3/0876the storage capacitor being charged by means of an energy converter (DC-DC converter) or of an intermediate storage inductance F02P3/0884Closing the discharge circuit of the storage capacitor with semiconductor devices F02P3/0892using digital techniques F02P3/09for control of the charging current in the capacitor F02P15/12 takes precedence F02P3/093Closing the discharge circuit of the storage capacitor with semiconductor devices F02P3/096using digital techniques F02P3/10Low-tension installation, e.g. using surface-discharge sparking plugs F02P3/12Piezo-electric ignitionElectrostatic ignition F02P5/00Advancing or retarding electric ignition sparkArrangements of distributors or of circuit-makers or -breakers for electric spark ignitionElectric spark ignition control or safety means, not otherwise provided for F02P5/00Advancing or retarding ignitionControl therefor F02P5/005with combination of automatic and non- automatic means F02P5/02non-automaticallydependent on position of personal controls of engine, e.g. throttle position F02P5/04automatically, as a function of the working conditions of the engine or vehicle or of the atmospheric conditions dependent on position of personal controls of engine F02P5/02 F02P5/045combined with electronic control of other engine functions, e.g. fuel injection in general F02D37/02 F02P5/05using mechanical means F02P5/06dependent on engine speed F02P5/07Centrifugal timing mechanisms F02P5/075Centrifugal devices combined with other specific conditions F02P5/10dependent on fluid pressure in engine, e.g. combustion-air pressure F02P5/103dependent on the combustion-air pressure in engine F02P5/106Combustion-air pressure devices combined with other specific conditions with centrifugal devices F02P5/075 F02P5/12dependent a specific pressure other than that of combustion-air, e.g. of exhaust, cooling fluid, lubricant F02P5/14dependent on specific conditions other than engine speed or engine fluid pressure, e.g. temperature F02P5/142dependent on a combination of several specific conditions F02P5/075, F02P5/106 takes precedence F02P5/145using electrical means F02P5/1455by using a second control of the closed loop type dependent on pinking F02P5/152 F02P5/15Digital data processing F02P5/1502using one central computing unit F02P5/1504with particular means during a transient phase, e.g. acceleration, deceleration, gear change during starting F02P5/1506 F02P5/1506with particular means during starting F02P5/1508with particular means during idling F02P5/151with means for compensating the variation of the characteristics of the engine or of a sensor, e.g. by ageing F02P5/1512with particular means concerning an individual cylinder F02P5/1514with means for optimising the use of registers or of memories, e.g. interpolation F02P5/1516with means relating to exhaust gas recirculation, e.g. turbo F02P5/1518using two or more central computing units, e.g. interpolation F02P5/152dependent on pinking detecting or indicating knocks in internal-combustion engines G01L23/22 F02P5/1521with particular means during a transient phase, e.g. starting, acceleration, deceleration, gear change F02P5/1522with particular means concerning an individual cylinder F02P5/1523with particular laws of return to advance, e.g. step by step, differing from the laws of retard F02P5/1525with means for compensating the variation of the characteristics of the pinking sensor or of the electrical means, e.g. by ageing when variation of characteristics results only from incorrect functioning F02P5/1526 F02P5/1526with means for taking into account incorrect functioning of the pinking sensor or of the electrical means F02P5/1527with means allowing burning of two or more fuels, e.g. super or normal, premium or regular F02P5/1528for turbocompressed engine F02P5/153dependent on combustion pressure F02P5/155Analogue data processing F02P5/1551by determination of elapsed time with reference to a particular point on the motor axle, dependent on specific conditions F02P5/1553by determination of elapsed angle with reference to a particular point on the motor axle, dependent on specific conditions F02P5/1555using a continuous control, dependent on speed F02P5/1556using a stepped control, dependent on speed F02P5/1558with special measures for starting F02P5/16characterised by the mechanical transmission between sensing elements or personal controls and final actuating elements F02P7/00Arrangements of distributors, circuit-makers or -breakers, e.g. of distributor and circuit-breaker combinations or pick-up devices advancing or retarding ignition or control therefor F02P5/00; such devices per se, see the relevant classes of Section H, e.g. rotary switches H01H19/00, contact-breakers, distributors H01R39/00, generators H02K F02P7/02of distributors F02P7/021Mechanical distributors F02P7/022Details of the distributor rotor or electrode F02P7/023with magnetically controlled mechanical contacts F02P7/025with noise suppression means specially adapted for the distributor F02P7/026Distributors combined with other ignition devices, e.g. coils, fuel-injectors F02P7/027combined with centrifugal advance devices F02P7/028combined with circuit-makers or -breakers and with centrifugal advance devices F02P7/027 F02P7/03with electrical means ignition occurring simultaneously at different places in one engine cylinder or in two or more separate engine cylinders F02P15/08 F02P7/035without mechanical switching means F02P7/04having distributors with air-tight casing F02P7/06of circuit-makers or -breakers, or pick-up devices adapted to sense particular points of the timing cycle F02P7/061pick-up devices without mechanical contacts F02P7/067 - F02P7/077 take precedence F02P7/063Mechanical pick-up devices, circuit-makers or -breakers, e.g. contact-breakers F02P7/0631Constructional details of contacts F02P7/0632with rotary contacts F02P7/0634Details of cams or cam-followers F02P7/0635with means to set the breaker gap F02P7/0637with several circuit-makers or -breakers actuated by the same cam F02P7/0638with noise suppression means specially adapted for the breakers F02P7/067Electromagnetic pick-up devices , e.g. providing induced current in a coil F02P7/0672using Wiegand effect F02P7/0675with variable reluctance, e.g. depending on the shape of a tooth F02P7/0677Mechanical arrangements F02P7/07Hall-effect pick-up devices F02P7/073Optical pick-up devices F02P7/077Circuits therefor, e.g. pulse generators F02P7/0775Electronical verniers F02P7/08having air-tight casings F02P7/10Drives of distributors or of circuit-makers or -breakers F02P9/00Electric spark ignition control, not otherwise provided for F02P9/002Control of spark intensity, intensifying, lengthening, suppression by means of current control in the storage devices F02P3/05, F02P3/09, during starting F02P15/12 F02P9/005by weakening or suppression of sparks to limit the engine speed F02P9/007by supplementary electrical discharge in the pre-ionised electrode interspace of the sparking plug, e.g. plasma jet ignition F02P11/00Safety means for electric spark ignition, not otherwise provided for F02P11/02Preventing damage to engines or engine-driven gearing F02P11/025Shortening the ignition when the engine is stopped to prevent damage to the coil F02P3/0556 F02P11/04Preventing unauthorised use of engines of vehicles B60R25/04; ignition locks H01H27/00 F02P11/06Indicating unsafe conditions F02P13/00Sparking plugs structurally combined with other parts of internal-combustion engines connection of ignition coil to spark plug connector F02P3/02; with fuel injectors F02M57/06; spark plug connectors per se H01T13/04 - H01T13/06; predominant aspects of sparking plug, see H01T13/40 - H01T13/44; predominant aspects of the parts, see the relevant subclasses F02P15/00Electric spark ignition having characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F02P1/00 - F02P13/00 and combined with layout of ignition circuits not combined F02B, F02C, F02G, F02K F02P15/001Ignition installations adapted to specific engine types ignition of jet propulsion plants F02K9/95; for rotary piston engines F02B53/12 F02P15/003Layout of ignition circuits for gas turbine plants ignition of gas turbine plants per se F02C7/26 F02P15/005Layout of ignition circuits for rotary- or oscillating piston engines ignition of those engines per se F02B53/12 F02P15/006Ignition installations combined with other systems, e.g. fuel injection to advance or to retard the ignition spark F02P5/045 F02P15/008Reserve ignition systems; Redundancy of some ignition devices F02P15/02Arrangements having two or more sparking plugs F02P15/04one of the spark electrodes being mounted on the engine working piston F02P15/06the electric spark triggered by engine working cylinder compression F02P15/08having multiple-spark ignition, i.e. ignition occurring simultaneously at different places in one engine cylinder or in two or more separate engine cylinders F02P15/10having continuous electric sparks F02P15/12having means for strengthening spark during starting F02P17/00Testing of ignition installations, e.g. in combination with adjusting testing fuel injection apparatus F02M65/00; testing ignition installations in general F23Q23/00Testing of ignition timing in compression-ignition engines F02P2017/003using an inductive sensor, e.g. trigger tongs F02P2017/006using a capacitive sensor F02P17/02Checking or adjusting ignition timing F02P17/04dynamically F02P17/06using a stroboscopic lamp F02P17/08using a cathode-ray oscilloscope F02P17/06 takes precedence F02P17/10Measuring dwell or antidwell time F02P17/12Testing characteristics of the spark, ignition voltage or current testing of sparking plugs H01T13/60 F02P2017/121by measuring spark voltage F02P2017/123Generating additional sparks for diagnostics F02P2017/125Measuring ionisation of combustion gas, e.g. by using ignition circuits F02P2017/126for burners F02P2017/128for knock detection F02P19/00Other ignition F02P19/00Incandescent ignition, e.g. during starting of internal combustion enginesCombination of incandescent and spark ignition F02P19/02electric, e.g. layout of circuits of apparatus having glowing plugs F02P19/021characterised by power delivery controls F02P19/022using intermittent current supply F02P19/023Individual control of the glow plugs F02P19/025with means for determining glow plug temperature or glow plug resistance F02P19/026Glow plug actuation during engine operation F02P19/027Safety devices, e.g. for diagnosing the glow plugs or the related circuits F02P19/028the glow plug being combined with or used as a sensor F02P19/04non-electric, e.g. heating incandescent spots by burners use of burners for direct ignition F02P21/00 F02P21/00Direct use of flames or burners for ignition F02P21/02the flames being kept burning essentially external to engine working chambers F02P21/04Burning-cartridges or like inserts being arranged in engine working chambers as starting aid F02N19/02 F02P23/00Other ignition F02P23/02Friction, pyrophoric, or catalytic ignition F02P23/04Other physical ignition means, e.g. using laser rays F02P23/045using electromagnetic microwaves