C10BDESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONAGEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS cracking oils C10G; underground gasification of minerals E21B43/295In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme. C10B1/00Retort and coke ovens C10B1/00Retorts C10B1/02Stationary retorts C10B1/04Vertical retorts C10B1/06Horizontal retorts C10B1/08Inclined retorts C10B1/10Rotary retorts C10B3/00Coke ovens with vertical chambers C10B3/02with heat-exchange devices C10B5/00Coke ovens with horizontal chambers C10B5/02with vertical heating flues C10B5/04with cross-over inter-connections C10B5/06with horizontal heating flues C10B5/08with horizontal and vertical heating flues C10B5/10with heat-exchange devices C10B5/12with regenerators C10B5/14situated in the longitudinal direction of the chambers C10B5/16with separated flues C10B5/18situated in the longitudinal direction of the oven battery C10B5/20with recuperators C10B7/00Coke ovens with mechanical conveying means for the raw material inside the oven C10B7/02with rotary scraping devices C10B7/04with shaking or vibrating devices C10B7/06with endless conveying devices C10B7/08in vertical direction C10B7/10with conveyor-screws C10B7/12with tilting or rocking means C10B7/14with trucks, containers, or trays C10B9/00Beehive ovens C10B11/00Coke ovens with inclined chambers C10B13/00Coke ovens with means for bringing and keeping the charge under mechanical pressure C10B15/00Other coke ovens C10B15/02with floor heating C10B17/00Heating of coke ovens C10B17/00Preheating of coke ovens C10B19/00Heating of coke ovens by electrical means C10B21/00Heating of coke ovens with combustible gases C10B21/02with lean gas C10B21/04with rich gas C10B21/06in coke ovens suitable for the use of lean gas or rich gas C10B21/08by applying special heating gases C10B21/10Regulating and controlling the combustion C10B21/12Burners C10B21/14Devices for reversing the draught C10B21/16by controlling or varying the openings between the heating flues and the regenerator flues C10B21/18Recirculating the flue gases C10B21/20Methods of heating ovens of the chamber oven type C10B21/22by introducing the heating gas and air at various levels C10B21/24at the top and the bottom of the vertical heating flues C10B21/26by introducing the heating gas and air at the top of the vertical flues only C10B23/00Other methods of heating coke ovens C10B25/00Doors or closures for coke ovens C10B25/02DoorsDoor frames C10B25/04for ovens with vertical chambers C10B25/06for ovens with horizontal chambers C10B25/08Closing and opening the doors C10B25/10for ovens with vertical chambers C10B25/12for ovens with horizontal chambers C10B25/14Devices for lifting doors C10B25/16SealingMeans for sealing C10B25/18Cooling C10B25/20Lids or closures for charging holes C10B25/22for ovens with vertical chambers C10B25/24for ovens with horizontal chambers C10B27/00Arrangements for withdrawal of the distillation gases C10B27/02with outlets arranged at different levels in the chamber C10B27/04during the charging operation of the oven C10B27/06Conduit details, e.g. valves C10B29/00Other details of coke ovens C10B29/02Brickwork, e.g. casings, linings, walls C10B29/04Controlling or preventing expansion or contraction C10B29/06Preventing or repairing leakages of the brickwork C10B29/08Bracing or foundation of the ovens C10B31/00Devices for charging and discharging coke ovensMechanical treatments of coal charges C10B31/00Charging devices C10B31/02for charging vertically C10B31/04coke ovens with horizontal chambers C10B31/06for charging horizontally C10B31/08coke ovens with horizontal chambers C10B31/10with one compact charge C10B31/12for liquid materials C10B33/00Discharging devicesCoke guides C10B33/003Arrangements for pollution-free discharge C10B33/006Decoking tools, e.g. hydraulic coke removing tools with boring or cutting nozzles C10B33/02Extracting coke with built-in devices, e.g. gears, screws C10B33/04Pulling-out devices C10B33/06for horizontal chambers C10B33/08Pushers, e.g. rams C10B33/10for horizontal chambers C10B33/12Discharge valves C10B33/14Coke guides C10B35/00Combined charging and discharging devices C10B37/00Mechanical treatments of coal charges in the oven C10B37/02Levelling charges, e.g. with bars C10B37/04Compressing charges during coking C10B47/12 C10B37/06Forming holes in charges C10B39/00Cooling or quenching coke C10B39/02Dry cooling outside the oven C10B39/04Wet quenching C10B39/06in the oven C10B39/08Coke-quenching towers C10B39/10combined with agitating means, e.g. rotating tables or drums C10B39/12combined with conveying means C10B39/14Cars C10B39/16combined with sorting C10B39/18Coke ramps C10B41/00Safety devices, e.g. signalling or controlling devices for use in the discharge of coke C10B41/005for charging coal C10B41/02for discharging coke C10B41/04by electrical means C10B41/06by pneumatic or hydraulic means C10B41/08for the withdrawal of the distillation gases C10B43/00Preventing or removing incrustations C10B43/02Removing incrustations C10B43/04by mechanical means C10B43/06from conduits, valves or the like C10B43/08with liquids C10B43/10by burning out C10B43/12Burners C10B43/14Preventing incrustations C10B45/00Other details C10B45/005Devices for recovering spilled coke, e.g. recovering the coke falling out the oven when opening doors or withdrawing the leveler bar C10B45/02Devices for producing compact unified coal charges outside the oven briquetting presses B30B C10B47/00Carbonising or coking processes C10B47/00Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials with indirect heating, e.g. by external combustion C10B47/02with stationary charge C10B47/04in shaft furnaces C10B47/06in retorts C10B47/08in beehive ovens C10B47/10in coke ovens of the chamber type C10B47/12in which the charge is subjected to mechanical pressures during coking C10B47/14with the aid of hot liquids, e.g. molten salts C10B47/16with indirect heating means both inside and outside the retorts C10B47/18with moving charge C10B47/20according to the moving bed type C10B47/26 takes precedence C10B47/22in dispersed form C10B47/26 takes precedence C10B47/24according to the "fluidised bed" technique C10B47/26with the aid of hot liquids, e.g. molten salts C10B47/28Other processes C10B47/30in rotary ovens or retorts C10B47/32in ovens with mechanical conveying means C10B47/34with rotary scraping devices C10B47/36in multi-stage ovens C10B47/38with shaking or vibrating devices C10B47/40with endless conveying devices C10B47/42in vertical direction C10B47/44with conveyor-screws C10B47/46with trucks, containers, or trays C10B47/48with tilting or rocking means C10B49/00Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by direct heating with heat-carrying agents including the partial combustion of the solid material to be treated C10B49/02with hot gases or vapours, e.g. hot gases obtained by partial combustion of the charge C10B49/04while moving the solid material to be treated C10B49/06according to the moving bed type C10B49/08in dispersed form C10B49/10according to the "fluidised bed" technique C10B49/12by mixing tangentially, e.g. in vortex chambers C10B49/14with hot liquids, e.g. molten metals C10B49/16with moving solid heat-carriers in divided form C10B49/18according to the "moving bed" type C10B49/20in dispersed form C10B49/22according to the "fluidised bed" technique C10B51/00Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by combined direct and indirect heating C10B53/00Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form wet carbonising of peat C10F C10B53/02of cellulose-containing material production of pyroligneous acid C10C5/00 C10B53/04of powdered coal C10B53/06of oil shale and/or or bituminous rocks C10B53/07of solid raw materials consisting of synthetic polymeric materials, e.g. tyres waste in general, e.g. household waste C10B53/00; recovery or working-up of waste materials of organic macromolecular compounds or compositions based thereon by dry-heat treatment for obtaining partially depolymerised materials C08J11/10; production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from rubber or rubber waste C10G1/10 C10B53/08in the form of briquettes, lumps and the like C10B55/00Coking mineral oils, bitumen, tar, and the like or mixtures thereof with solid carbonaceous material cracking oils C10G C10B55/02with solid materials C10B55/04with moving solid materials C10B55/06according to the "moving bed" type C10B55/08in dispersed form C10B55/10according to the "fluidised bed" technique C10B57/00Other carbonising or coking processesFeatures of destructive distillation processes in general C10B57/005After-treatment of coke, e.g. calcination desulfurization C10B57/02Multi-step carbonising or coking processes C10B57/04using charges of special composition C10B57/045containing mineral oils, bitumen, tar or the like or mixtures thereof C10B57/06containing additives C10B57/08Non-mechanical pretreatment of the charge C10L9/00 takes precedence, e.g. desulfurization C10B57/10Drying C10B57/12Applying additives during coking C10B57/14Features of low-temperature carbonising processes C10B57/16Features of high-temperature carbonising processes C10B57/18Modifying the properties of the distillation gases in the oven outside the oven C10K