F23NREGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION control devices specially adapted for combustion apparatus in which combustion takes place in a fluidised bed of fuel or other particles F23C10/28; condition responsive controls for regulating combustion in domestic stoves with open fires for solid fuel F24B1/187 F23N1/00 F23N1/00Regulating fuel supply F23N1/002using electronic means F23N1/04 - F23N1/10 take precedence F23N1/005using electrical or electromechanical means F23N1/04 - F23N1/10 take precedence F23N1/007using mechanical means F23N1/04 - F23N1/10 take precedence F23N1/02conjointly with air supply F23N1/022using electronic means F23N1/025using electrical or electromechanical means F23N1/027using mechanical means F23N1/04conjointly with air supply and with draught F23N1/042using electronic means F23N1/045using electrical or electromechanical means F23N1/047using mechanical means F23N1/06conjointly with draught F23N1/062using electronic means F23N1/065using electrical or electromechanical means F23N1/067using mechanical means F23N1/08conjointly with another medium, e.g. boiler water F23N1/082using electronic means F23N1/085using electrical or electromechanical means F23N1/087using mechanical means F23N1/10and with air supply or draught F23N1/102using electronic means F23N1/105using electrical or electromechanical means F23N1/107using mechanical means F23N3/00Regulating air supply or draught conjointly with fuel supply F23N1/00 F23N3/002using electronic means F23N3/02 - F23N3/08 take precedence F23N3/005using electrical or electromechanical means F23N3/02 - F23N3/08 take precedence F23N3/007using mechanical means F23N3/02 - F23N3/08 take precedence F23N3/02Regulating draught by direct pressure operation of single valves or dampers F23N3/04by operation of single valves or dampers by temperature sensitive elements F23N3/042using electronic means F23N3/045using electrical or electromechanical means F23N3/047using mechanical means F23N3/06by conjoint operation of two or more valves or dampers by power-assisted systems F23N3/08 F23N3/065using mechanical means F23N3/08by power-assisted systems F23N3/082using electronic means F23N3/085using electrical or electromechanical means F23N3/087using mechanical means F23N5/00Systems for controlling combustion regulating fuel supply F23N1/00, regulating air supply or draught F23N3/00 F23N5/003using detectors sensitive to combustion gas properties F23N5/02, F23N5/18 - F23N5/26 take precedence F23N5/006the detector being sensitive to oxygen F23N5/02using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium F23N5/022using electronic means F23N5/04 - F23N5/14 take precedence F23N5/025using electrical or electromechanical means F23N5/04 - F23N5/14 take precedence F23N5/027using mechanical means F23N5/04 - F23N5/14 take precedence F23N5/04using bimetallic elements F23N5/042using electronic means F23N5/045using electrical or electromechanical means F23N5/047using mechanical means F23N5/06using bellowsusing diaphragms F23N5/062using electronic means F23N5/065using electrical or electromechanical means F23N5/067using mechanical means F23N5/08using light-sensitive elements F23N5/082using electronic means F23N5/085using electrical or electromechanical means F23N5/087using mechanical means F23N5/10using thermocouples F23N5/102using electronic means F23N5/105using electrical or electromechanical means F23N5/107using mechanical means, e.g. safety valves F23N5/12using ionisation-sensitive elements, i.e. flame rods F23N5/123using electronic means F23N5/126using electrical or electromechanical means F23N5/14using thermo-sensitive resistors F23N5/143using electronic means F23N5/146using electrical or electromechanical means F23N5/16using noise-sensitive detectors F23N2005/165with ultrasonic means F23N5/18using detectors sensitive to rate of flow of air or fuel F23N2005/181using detectors sensitive to rate of flow of air F23N2005/182Air flow switch F23N5/184using electronic means F23N2005/185using detectors sensitive to rate of flow of fuel F23N5/187using electrical or electromechanical means F23N5/188using mechanical means F23N5/20with a time programme acting through electrical means, e.g. using time-delay relays F23N5/203using electronic means F23N5/206using electrical or electromechanical means F23N5/22with a time programme acting through mechanical means, e.g. using cams F23N5/24Preventing development of abnormal or undesired conditions, i.e. safety arrangements F23N5/02 - F23N5/18 take precedence F23N5/242using electronic means F23N5/245using electrical or electromechanical means F23N5/247using mechanical means F23N5/26Details F23N5/265using electronic means F23N2221/00 F23N2221/00Pretreatment or prehandling F23N2221/02using belt conveyors F23N2221/04Preheating liquid fuel F23N2221/06Preheating gaseous fuel F23N2221/08Preheating the air F23N2221/10Analysing fuel properties, e.g. density, calorific F23N2221/12Recycling exhaust gases F23N2223/00Signal processingDetails thereof F23N2223/02Multiplex transmission F23N2223/04Memory F23N2223/06Sampling F23N2223/08MicroprocessorMicrocomputer F23N2223/10Correlation F23N2223/12Integration F23N2223/14Differentiation F23N2223/16Measuring bridge F23N2223/18Chopper F23N2223/20Opto-coupler F23N2223/22Timing network F23N2223/24with bimetallic elements F23N2223/26with capacitors F23N2223/28with more than one timing element F23N2223/30Switches F23N2223/32Reed switches F23N2223/34with feedforward processing F23N2223/36PID signal processing F23N2223/38Remote control F23N2223/40Simulation F23N2223/42Function generator F23N2223/44Optimum control F23N2223/46Identification F23N2223/48Learning / Adaptive control F23N2223/50Human control F23N2223/52Fuzzy logic F23N2223/54Recording F23N2225/00Measuring F23N2225/02filling height in burners F23N2225/04pressure F23N2225/06for determining flow F23N2225/08temperature F23N2225/10stack temperature F23N2225/12room temperature F23N2225/13outdoor temperature F23N2225/14Ambient temperature around burners F23N2225/16burner temperature F23N2225/18feedwater temperature F23N2225/19outlet temperature water heat-exchanger F23N2225/20entrant temperature F23N2225/21outlet temperature F23N2225/22heat losses F23N2225/24indicated in an amount of money F23N2225/26humidity F23N2225/30measuring lambda F23N2227/00Ignition or checking F23N2227/02Starting or ignition cycles F23N2227/04Prepurge F23N2227/06Postpurge F23N2227/08Hold fire apparatus F23N2227/10Sequential burner running F23N2227/12Burner simulation or checking F23N2227/14Flame simulation F23N2227/16Checking components, e.g. electronic F23N2227/18Applying test signals, e.g. periodic F23N2227/20Calibrating devices F23N2227/22Pilot burners F23N2227/24the pilot burner not burning continuously F23N2227/26comprising two or more distinct pilot burners F23N2227/28Ignition circuits F23N2227/30for pilot burners F23N2227/32Igniting for a predetermined number of cycles F23N2227/34Continuously applied ignition cycles F23N2227/36Spark ignition, e.g. by means of a high voltage F23N2227/38Electrical resistance ignition F23N2227/40Catalytic ignition F23N2227/42Ceramic glow ignition F23N2229/00Flame sensors F23N2229/02Pilot flame sensors F23N2229/04sensitive to the colour of flames F23N2229/06with periodical shuttersModulation signals F23N2229/08detecting flame flicker F23N2229/10comprising application of periodical fuel flow fluctuations F23N2229/12with flame rectification current detecting means F23N2229/14using two or more different types of flame sensor F23N2229/16using two or more of the same types of flame sensor F23N2229/18Flame sensor cooling means F23N2229/20Camera viewing F23N2229/22the sensor's sensitivity being variable F23N2231/00Fail safe F23N2231/02using electric energy accumulators F23N2231/04for electrical power failures F23N2231/06for flame failures F23N2231/08for pilot flame failures F23N2231/10for component failures F23N2231/12for ignition failures F23N2231/14for earthquakes F23N2231/16using melting materials or shape memory alloys F23N2231/18Detecting fluid leaks F23N2231/20Warning devices F23N2231/22using warning lamps F23N2231/24Freezing F23N2231/26for clogging air inlet F23N2231/28preventing flash-back or blow-back F23N2231/30Representation of working time F23N2233/00Ventilators F23N2233/02in stacks F23N2233/04with variable speed F23N2233/06at the air intake F23N2233/08with variable speed F23N2233/10forcing air through heat exchangers F23N2235/00Valves, nozzles or pumps F23N2235/02Air or combustion gas valves or dampers F23N2235/04in stacks F23N2235/06at the air intake F23N2235/08used with heat exchanges F23N2235/10power assisted, e.g. using electric motors F23N2235/12Fuel valves F23N2235/14electromagnetically operated F23N2235/16variable flow or proportional valves F23N2235/18Groups of two or more valves F23N2235/20Membrane valves F23N2235/22cooperating with magnets F23N2235/24Valve details F23N2235/26Fuel nozzles F23N2235/28Spray fuel nozzles F23N2235/30Pumps F23N2237/00Controlling F23N2237/02two or more burners F23N2237/04at two or more different localities F23N2237/06two predeterming temperatures, e.g. day-night F23N2237/08two or more different types of fuel simultaneously F23N2237/10High or low fire F23N2237/12catalytic burners F23N2237/14burners with gasification or vaporizer elements F23N2237/16secondary air F23N2237/18fluidized bed burners F23N2237/20one or more bypass conduits F23N2237/22water injection F23N2237/24height of burner F23N2237/26oxygen-air ratio F23N2237/28oxygen as pure oxydant F23N2237/30matrix burners F23N2237/32Nox F23N2239/00Fuels F23N2239/02Solid fuels F23N2239/04Gaseous fuels F23N2239/06Liquid fuels F23N2241/00Applications F23N2241/02Space-heating F23N2241/04Heating water F23N2241/06Space-heating and heating water F23N2241/08Household apparatus F23N2241/10Generating vapour F23N2241/11Torches F23N2241/12Stack-torches F23N2241/14Vehicle heating, the heat being derived otherwise than from the propulsion plant F23N2241/16Spectrometer burners F23N2241/18Incinerating apparatus F23N2241/20Gas turbines F23N2241/22Absorption refrigerator F23N2900/00Special features of, or arrangements for controlling combustion F23N2900/01001Micro Electro Mechanical Systems [MEMS] for controlling fuel supply to burners F23N2900/01002Electromagnetically operated fuel valves with a single solenoid controlling two or more cores F23N2900/05001Measuring CO content in flue gas F23N2900/05002Measuring CO2 content in flue gas F23N2900/05003Measuring NOx content in flue gas F23N2900/05004Details of components, e.g. connecting adaptors F23N2900/05005Mounting arrangements for sensing, detecting or measuring devices F23N2900/05006Controlling systems using neuronal networks F23N2900/05101Connections between thermocouple and magnetic valves, e.g. by plug and socket connectors F23N2900/05181Controlling air to fuel ratio by using a single differential pressure detector