B01LCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USEThis subclass covers only laboratory apparatus which is either applicable solely to laboratory purposes or which, by reason of its simple construction and adaptability, is such as would not be suitable for industrial use.The following IPC groups are not in the CPC scheme. The subject matter for these IPC groups is classified in the following CPC groups: - B01L3/14 covered by B01L3/50In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme. B01L1/00 B01L1/00EnclosuresChambers provided with manipulation devices or glove boxes B25J21/00 B01L1/02Air-pressure chambersAir-locks therefor B01L1/025Environmental chambers incubators for culturing cells C12M41/14; test chambers to test weather resistance G01N17/002 B01L1/04Dust-free rooms or enclosures B01L1/50for storing hazardous materials in the laboratory, e.g. cupboards, waste containers sample containers B01L3/50 B01L1/52Transportable laboratories; Field kits B01L3/00Containers or dishes for laboratory use, e.g. laboratory glasswareDroppersPetri dishes for enzymology or microbiology are classified in group C12M1/22. B01L3/02BurettesPipettes B01L3/0203Burettes, i.e. for withdrawing and redistributing liquids through different conduits B01L3/0206of the plunger pump type B01L3/021Pipettes, i.e. with only one conduit for withdrawing and redistributing liquids B01L3/0213Accessories for glass pipettes; Gun-type pipettes, e.g. safety devices, pumps B01L3/0217of the plunger pump type medical syringes A61M B01L3/022Capillary pipettes, i.e. having very small bore B01L3/0224 - B01L3/0237 take precedence B01L3/0224having mechanical means to set stroke length, e.g. movable stops B01L3/0231, B01L3/0234 take precedence B01L3/0227Details of motor drive means B01L3/0231, B01L3/0234 take precedence B01L3/0231having several coaxial pistons B01L3/0234Repeating pipettes, i.e. for dispensing multiple doses from a single charge B01L3/0237Details of electronic control, e.g. relating to user interface B01L3/0241Drop counters; Drop formers making arrays for combinatorial libraries B01J19/0046; automation of dispensing for analysis G01N35/10 B01L3/0244using pins B01L3/0248Prongs, quill pen type dispenser B01L3/0251Pin and ring type or pin in tube type dispenser B01L3/0255characterized by the form or material of the pin tip B01L3/0258using stamps B01L3/0262using touch-off at substrate or container B01L3/0265using valves to interrupt or meter fluid flow, e.g. using solenoids or metering valves B01L3/0268using pulse dispensing or spraying, eg. inkjet type, piezo actuated ejection of droplets from capillaries B01L3/0272Dropper bottles B01L3/0275Interchangeable or disposable dispensing tips B01L3/0279co-operating with positive ejection means B01L3/0282mounted within a receptacle wash bottles B01L3/10 B01L3/0286Ergonomic aspects, e.g. form or arrangement of controls B01L3/0289Apparatus for withdrawing or distributing predetermined quantities of fluid B01L3/02 takes precedence; sample taking G01N1/00; sample taking within automatic analysers G01N35/00; volume measuring in general G01F B01L3/0293for liquids B01L3/0296from piercable tubing, e.g. in extracorporeal blood sampling B01L3/04Crucibles B01L3/06Crystallising dishes B01L3/08Flasks B01L3/10Wash bottles B01L3/12Gas jars or cylinders B01L3/16Retorts B01L3/18Spatulas B01L3/50Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes devices for taking samples of blood A61B5/15 B01L3/502with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures centrifugal-type cuvettes G01N21/07; analysis by separation into components G01N30/00; automatic analysers G01N35/00 B01L3/5021Test tubes specially adapted for centrifugation purposes centrifuges B04B5/04 B01L3/50215using a float to separate phases B01L3/5023with a sample being transported to, and subsequently stored in an absorbent for analysis B01L3/5025for parallel transport of multiple samples B01L3/50255Multi-well filtration B01L3/5027by integrated microfluidic structures, i.e. dimensions of channels and chambers are such that surface tension forces are important, e.g. lab-on-a-chip B01L3/5023 takes precedence; micromixers B01F33/30; microreactors for synthesis B01J19/0093; microcapillary devices in general B81B1/00 B01L3/502707characterised by the manufacture of the container or its components manufacture of microstructural devices in general B81C; by shaping or joining plastic parts B29C59/00 B29C65/00, by laminating B32B37/00 B01L3/502715characterised by interfacing components, e.g. fluidic, electrical, optical or mechanical interfaces B01L3/502723characterised by venting arrangements B01L3/50273characterised by the means or forces applied to move the fluids micropumps F04B19/006, of the membrane type F04B43/043 B01L3/502738characterised by integrated valves microvalves F16K99/0001 B01L3/502746characterised by the means for controlling flow resistance, e.g. flow controllers, baffles B01L3/502738 takes precedence B01L3/502753characterised by bulk separation arrangements on lab-on-a-chip devices, e.g. for filtration or centrifugation separation in general B01D; microapparatus for analysis using electrophoresis G01N27/44791; sample preparation G01N1/28 B01L3/502761specially adapted for handling suspended solids or molecules independently from the bulk fluid flow, e.g. for trapping or sorting beads, for physically stretching molecules investigating characteristics of particles G01N15/00 B01L3/502769characterised by multiphase flow arrangements B01L3/502776specially adapted for focusing or laminating flows B01L3/502784specially adapted for droplet or plug flow, e.g. digital microfluidics automatic analysis using a stream of discrete samples in a tube system G01N35/08 B01L3/502792for moving individual droplets on a plate, e.g. by locally altering surface tension B01L3/5029using swabs B01L3/505flexible containers not provided for above B01L3/5055Hinged, e.g. opposable surfaces B01L3/508rigid containers not provided for above B01L3/5082Test tubes per se B01L3/50825Closing or opening means, corks, bungs closures for containers B65D; means for removing stoppers B67B7/02 B01L3/5085for multiple samples, e.g. microtitration plates B01L3/50851specially adapted for heating or cooling samples laboratory heating apparatus B01L7/00; incubators C12M B01L3/50853with covers or lids B01L3/50855using modular assemblies of strips or of individual wells B01L3/50857using arrays or bundles of open capillaries for holding samples B01L3/5088confining liquids at a location by surface tension, e.g. virtual wells on plates, wires B01L3/50857 takes precedence B01L3/52Containers specially adapted for storing or dispensing a reagent B01L3/02 takes precedence; containers for medical or pharmaceutical purposes A61J1/00; containers in general B65D; storing or dispensing test elements G01N33/4875; automated reagent dispensing G01N35/1002 B01L3/523with means for closing or opening B01L3/527for a plurality of reagents B01L3/54Labware with identification means identification of carriers, materials or components in automatic analysers G01N35/00732 B01L3/545for laboratory containers B01L3/5453for test tubes B01L3/5457for container closures B01L3/56Labware specially adapted for transferring fluids B01L3/561Tubes; Conduits in general F16L B01L3/563Joints or fittings in general F16L; Separable fluid transfer means to transfer fluids between at least two containers, e.g. connectors B01L3/5635connecting two containers face to face, e.g. comprising a filter B01L3/565Seals in general F16L B01L3/567Valves, taps or stop-cocks in combination with burettes B01L3/0203; in general F16K B01L3/569Glassware B01L5/00Gas handling apparatus gas jars or cylinders B01L3/12; cold traps or cold baffles B01D8/00 B01L5/02Gas collection apparatus, e.g. by bubbling under water for sampling G01N1/22 B01L5/04Gas washing apparatus, e.g. by bubbling B01L7/00Heating or cooling apparatus autoclaves B01J3/04Heat insulating devices B01L7/02Water bathsSand bathsAir baths B01L7/04Heat insulating devices, e.g. jackets for flasks B01L7/50Cryostats B01L7/52with provision for submitting samples to a predetermined sequence of different temperatures, e.g. for treating nucleic acid samples amplification or hybridisation processes per se C12Q1/68; controlling sequential reactions for synthesis B01J19/0046 B01L7/525with physical movement of samples between temperature zones B01L7/5255by moving sample containers B01L7/54using spatial temperature gradients B01L9/00Supporting devicesHolding devices B01L9/02Laboratory benches or tablesFittings therefor B01L9/04Retort standsRetort clamps B01L9/06Test-tube standsTest-tube holders B01L9/065specially adapted for capillary tubes B01L9/50Clamping means, tongs in general F16B2/06 B01L9/52Supports specially adapted for flat sample carriers, e.g. for plates, slides, chips B01L9/523for multisample carriers, e.g. used for microtitration plates B01L9/527for microfluidic devices, e.g. used for lab-on-a-chip B01L9/54Supports specially adapted for pipettes and burettes automated pipetting stations G01N35/10 B01L9/543for disposable pipette tips, e.g. racks or cassettes B01L9/547for dispensing pins B01L9/56Means for indicating position of a recipient or sample in an array B01L13/00Cleaning or rinsing apparatus B01L13/02for receptacle or instruments B01L99/00Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass B01L2200/00 B01L2200/00Solutions for specific problems relating to chemical or physical laboratory apparatus B01L2200/02Adapting objects or devices to another B01L2200/021Adjust spacings in an array of wells, pipettes or holders, format transfer between arrays of different size or geometry B01L2200/022Variable spacings B01L2200/023adapted for different sizes of tubes, tips or container B01L2200/025Align devices or objects to ensure defined positions relative to each other B01L2200/026Fluid interfacing between devices or objects, e.g. connectors, inlet details B01L2200/027for microfluidic devices B01L2200/028Modular arrangements B01L2200/04Exchange or ejection of cartridges, containers or reservoirs B01L2200/06Fluid handling related problems B01L2200/0605Metering of fluids B01L2200/061Counting droplets B01L2200/0615Loss of fluid by dripping B01L2200/0621Control of the sequence of chambers filled or emptied B01L2200/0626using levitated droplets B01L2200/0631Purification arrangements, e.g. solid phase extraction [SPE] B01L2200/0636Focussing flows, e.g. to laminate flows B01L2200/0642Filling fluids into wells by specific techniques B01L2200/0647Handling flowable solids, e.g. microscopic beads, cells, particles B01L2200/0652Sorting or classification of particles or molecules B01L2200/0657Pipetting powder B01L2200/0663Stretching or orienting elongated molecules or particles B01L2200/0668Trapping microscopic beads B01L2200/0673Handling of plugs of fluid surrounded by immiscible fluid B01L2200/0678Facilitating or initiating evaporation B01L2200/0684Venting, avoiding backpressure, avoid gas bubbles B01L2200/0689Sealing B01L2200/0694Creating chemical gradients in a fluid B01L2200/08Ergonomic or safety aspects of handling devices B01L2200/082Handling hazardous material B01L2200/085Protection against injuring the user B01L2200/087Ergonomic aspects B01L2200/10Integrating sample preparation and analysis in single entity, e.g. lab-on-a-chip concept B01L2200/12Specific details about manufacturing devices B01L2200/14Process control and prevention of errors B01L2200/141Preventing contamination, tampering B01L2200/142Preventing evaporation B01L2200/143Quality control, feedback systems B01L2200/145Detecting door closure B01L2200/146Employing pressure sensors B01L2200/147Employing temperature sensors B01L2200/148Specific details about calibrations B01L2200/16Reagents, handling or storing thereof B01L2200/18Transport of container or devices B01L2200/185Long distance transport, e.g. mailing B01L2300/00Additional constructional details B01L2300/02Identification, exchange or storage of information B01L2300/021Identification, e.g. bar codes B01L2300/022Transponder chips B01L2300/023Sending and receiving of information, e.g. using bluetooth B01L2300/024Storing results with means integrated into the container B01L2300/025Displaying results or values with integrated means B01L2300/026Drum counters B01L2300/027Digital display, e.g. LCD, LED B01L2300/028Graduation B01L2300/04Closures and closing means B01L2300/041Connecting closures to device or container B01L2300/042CapsPlugs B01L2300/043Hinged closures B01L2300/044pierceable, e.g. films, membranes B01L2300/045whereby the whole cover is slidable B01L2300/046Function or devices integrated in the closure B01L2300/047Additional chamber, reservoir B01L2300/048enabling gas exchange, e.g. vents B01L2300/049Valves integrated in closure B01L2300/06Auxiliary integrated devices, integrated components B01L2300/0609Holders integrated in container to position an object B01L2300/0618for removable separation walls B01L2300/0627Sensor or part of a sensor is integrated B01L2300/0636Integrated biosensor, microarrays B01L2300/0645Electrodes B01L2300/0654LensesOptical fibres B01L2300/0663Whole sensors B01L2300/0672Integrated piercing tool B01L2300/0681Filter B01L2300/069AbsorbentsGels to retain a fluid B01L2300/08Geometry, shape and general structure B01L2300/0803Disc shape B01L2300/0806Standardised forms, e.g. compact disc [CD] format B01L2300/0809rectangular shaped B01L2300/0812BandsTapes B01L2300/0816Cards, e.g. flat sample carriers usually with flow in two horizontal directions B01L2300/0819MicroarraysBiochips B01L2300/0822Slides B01L2300/0825Test strips B01L2300/0829Multi-well platesMicrotitration plates B01L2300/0832cylindrical, tube shaped B01L2300/0835Ampoules B01L2300/0838Capillaries B01L2300/0841Drums B01L2300/0845Filaments, strings, fibres, i.e. not hollow B01L2300/0848Specific forms of parts of containers B01L2300/0851Bottom walls B01L2300/0854Double walls B01L2300/0858Side walls B01L2300/0861Configuration of multiple channels and/or chambers in a single devices B01L2300/0864comprising only one inlet and multiple receiving wells, e.g. for separation, splitting B01L2300/0867Multiple inlets and one sample wells, e.g. mixing, dilution B01L2300/087Multiple sequential chambers B01L2300/0874Three dimensional network B01L2300/0877Flow chambers B01L2300/088Channel loops B01L2300/0883Serpentine channels B01L2300/0887Laminated structure B01L2300/089Virtual walls for guiding liquids B01L2300/0893having a very large number of wells, microfabricated wells B01L2300/0896Nanoscaled B01L2300/10Means to control humidity and/or other gases B01L2300/105using desiccants B01L2300/12Specific details about materials B01L2300/123FlexibleElastomeric B01L2300/126Paper B01L2300/14Means for pressure control B01L2300/16Surface properties and coatings B01L2300/161Control and use of surface tension forces, e.g. hydrophobic, hydrophilic B01L2300/163Biocompatibility B01L2300/165Specific details about hydrophobic, oleophobic surfaces B01L2300/166SuprahydrophobicUltraphobicLotus-effect B01L2300/168Specific optical properties, e.g. reflective coatings B01L2300/18Means for temperature control B01L2300/1805Conductive heating, heat from thermostatted solids is conducted to receptacles, e.g. heating plates, blocks B01L2300/1811using electromagnetic induction heating B01L2300/1816using induction heating B01L2300/1822using Peltier elements B01L2300/1827using resistive heater B01L2300/1833using electrical currents in the sample itself B01L2300/1838using fluid heat transfer medium B01L2300/1844using fans B01L2300/185using a liquid as fluid B01L2300/1855using phase changes in a medium B01L2300/1861using radiation B01L2300/1866Microwaves B01L2300/1872Infrared light B01L2300/1877using chemical reactions B01L2300/1883using thermal insulation B01L2300/1888Pipettes or dispensers with temperature control B01L2300/1894Cooling meansCryo cooling B01L2400/00Moving or stopping fluids B01L2400/02Drop detachment mechanisms of single droplets from nozzles or pins B01L2400/021non contact spotting by inertia, i.e. abrupt deceleration of the nozzle or pin B01L2400/022droplet contacts the surface of the receptacle B01L2400/024touch-off at the side wall of the receptacle B01L2400/025tapping tip on substrate B01L2400/027electrostatic forces between substrate and tip B01L2400/028Pin is moved through a ring which is filled with a fluid B01L2400/04Moving fluids with specific forces or mechanical means B01L2400/0403specific forces B01L2400/0406capillary forces B01L2400/0409centrifugal forces B01L2400/0412using additionally coriolis forces B01L2400/0415electrical forces, e.g. electrokinetic B01L2400/0418electro-osmotic flow [EOF] B01L2400/0421electrophoretic flow B01L2400/0424Dielectrophoretic forces B01L2400/0427Electrowetting B01L2400/043magnetic forces B01L2400/0433vibrational forces B01L2400/0436acoustic forces, e.g. surface acoustic waves [SAW] B01L2400/0439ultrasonic vibrations, vibrating piezo elements B01L2400/0442thermal energy, e.g. vaporisation, bubble jet B01L2400/0445Natural or forced convection B01L2400/0448Marangoni flowThermocapillary effect B01L2400/0451ThermophoresisThermodiffusionSoret-effect B01L2400/0454radiation pressure, optical tweezers B01L2400/0457passive flow or gravitation B01L2400/046Chemical or electrochemical formation of bubbles B01L2400/0463Hydrodynamic forces, venturi nozzles B01L2400/0466Evaporation to induce underpressure B01L2400/0469Buoyancy B01L2400/0472Diffusion B01L2400/0475specific mechanical means and fluid pressure B01L2400/0478pistons B01L2400/0481squeezing of channels or chambers B01L2400/0484Cantilevers B01L2400/0487fluid pressure, pneumatics B01L2400/049vacuum B01L2400/0493Specific techniques used B01L2400/0496Travelling waves, e.g. in combination with electrical or acoustic forces B01L2400/06Valves, specific forms thereof B01L2400/0605check valves B01L2400/0611duck bill valves B01L2400/0616Ball valves B01L2400/0622distribution valves, valves having multiple inlets and/or outlets, e.g. metering valves, multi-way valves B01L2400/0627Molecular gates forcing or inhibiting diffusion B01L2400/0633with moving parts B01L2400/0638membrane valves, flap valves B01L2400/0644rotary valves B01L2400/065sliding valves B01L2400/0655pinch valves B01L2400/0661shape memory polymer valves B01L2400/0666Solenoid valves B01L2400/0672Swellable plugs B01L2400/0677phase change valvesMeltable, freezing, dissolvable plugsDestructible barriers B01L2400/0683mechanically breaking a wall or membrane within a channel or chamber B01L2400/0688surface tension valves, capillary stop, capillary break B01L2400/0694vents used to stop and induce flow, backpressure valves B01L2400/08Regulating or influencing the flow resistance B01L2400/082Active control of flow resistance, e.g. flow controllers B01L2400/084Passive control of flow resistance B01L2400/086using baffles or other fixed flow obstructions B01L2400/088by specific surface properties