G09G

ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION lighting in general F21; arrangements for displaying electric variables or waveforms G01R3/00; devices or arrangements for the control of light beams G02F1/00; indicating of time by visual means G04B19/00, G04C17/00, G04G9/00; arrangements for transferring data between computers and peripheral equipment G06F3/00; visible signalling arrangements or devices G08B5/00; traffic control systems G08G; display, advertising, signs G09F, e.g. static indicating arrangements comprising an association of a number of separate sources or light control cells G09F9/00; static indicating arrangements comprising integral associations of a number of light sources H01J, H01K, H01L, H05B33/12; circuits in pulse counters for indicating the result H03K21/18; coding, decoding or code conversion, in general H03M; reproducing a picture or pattern using electric signals representing parts thereof and produced by scanning an original H04N

This subclass covers indicator consoles, i.e. arrangements or circuits for processing control signals to achieve the display, e.g. for the calling up, reception, storage, regeneration, coding, decoding, addressing of control signals.

This subclass does not cover the structural details of the indicating devices, such as panels or tubes per se, or assemblies of individual light sources, which are covered by the relevant subclasses, e.g. H01J, H01K, H01L, H10K, G02F, G09F, H05B.

Contrary to subclass H04N, in which are classified display devices capable of representing continuous brightness value scales, this subclass is limited to devices using only a discrete number of brightness values, e.g. visible/non-visible.

The visual effect may be produced by a luminescent screen scanned by an electron beam, directly by controlled light sources, by projection of light, from controlled light sources onto characters, symbols, or elements thereof drawn on a support, or by electric, magnetic, or acoustic control of the parameters of light rays from an independent source.

In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.

G09G1/00

Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with cathode-ray tube indicators;

General aspects or details, e.g. selection emphasis on particular characters, dashed line or dotted line generation; Preprocessing of data

cathode-ray oscilloscopes G01R13/20;

radar display arrangements G01S7/04; display of digital non-picture data in television systems H04N7/0255

G09G1/002

Intensity circuits G09G1/06 - G09G1/28 take precedence

G09G1/005

Power supply circuits

G09G1/007

Circuits for displaying split screens

G09G1/02

Storage circuits G09G1/06 - G09G1/28 take precedence

G09G1/04

Deflection circuits

Constructional details not otherwise provided for electron-optical arrangements H01J29/46, H01J37/04, H01J37/302

G09G1/06

using single beam tubes G09G1/26, G09G1/28 take precedence,

e.g. three-dimensional or perspective representation, rotation or translation of display pattern, hidden lines, shadows G09G1/28 takes precedence; stereoscopic TV-systems, details thereof H04N13/00; oscilloscopes for three-dimensional representation G01R13/206; vectorscopes G01R13/208

G09G1/07

with combined raster scan and calligraphic display

G09G1/08

the beam directly tracing characters, the information to be displayed controlling the deflection

and the intensity

as a function of time in two spatial co-ordinates, e.g. according to a cartesian co-ordinate system

G09G1/10

the deflection signals being produced by essentially digital means, e.g. incrementally

G09G1/12

the deflection signals being produced by essentially analogue means

G09G1/14

the beam tracing a pattern independent of the information to be displayed, this latter determining the parts of the pattern rendered respectively visible and invisible

G09G1/143

Circuits for displaying horizontal and vertical lines

G09G1/146

Flicker reduction circuits

G09G1/16

the pattern of rectangular co-ordinates extending over the whole area of the screen, i.e. television type raster

G09G1/162

for displaying digital inputs as analog magnitudes, e.g. curves, bar graphs, coordinate axes, singly or in combination with alpha-numeric characters cathode-ray oscilloscopes for displaying analog inputs, singly or in combination with alpha-numeric characters G01R13/20; television receiver circuitry for displaying supplementary, e.g. alpha-numeric, information H04N5/445

G09G1/165

Details of a display terminal using a CRT, the details relating to the control arrangement of the display terminal and to the interfaces thereto details suitable for both CRT and flat panel G09G5/003; specific for a flat panel G09G3/2092

G09G1/167

Details of the interface to the display terminal specific for a CRT details suitable for both CRT and flat panel G09G5/006, specific for a flat panel G09G3/2096

G09G1/18

a small local pattern covering only a single character, and stepping to a position for the following character, e.g. in rectangular or polar co-ordinates, or in the form of a framed star

G09G1/20

using multi-beam tubes G09G1/26, G09G1/28 take precedence

G09G1/22

using tubes permitting selection of a complete character from a number of characters

tubes therefor H01J31/16

G09G1/24

using tubes permitting selection of individual elements forming in combination a character

see provisionally also G09G1/22

G09G1/26

using storage tubes

tubes therefor H01J31/58

G09G1/28

using colour tubes

tubes therefor H01J31/20

G09G1/285

Interfacing with colour displays, e.g. TV receiver

G09G3/00

Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes

G09G3/001

using specific devices not provided for in groups G09G3/02 - G09G3/36, e.g. using an intermediate record carrier such as a film slide; Projection systems; Display of non-alphanumerical information, solely or in combination with alphanumerical information, e.g. digital display on projected diapositive as background slide projectors per se G03B23/00 = 42 HP

G09G3/002

to project the image of a two-dimensional display, such as an array of light emitting or modulating elements or a CRT

G09G3/003

to produce spatial visual effects

G09G3/004

to give the appearance of moving signs

G09G3/005

forming an image using a quickly moving array of imaging elements, causing the human eye to perceive an image which has a larger resolution than the array, e.g. an image on a cylinder formed by a rotating line of LEDs parallel to the axis of rotation

G09G3/006

Electronic inspection or testing of displays and display drivers, e.g. of LED or LCD displays testing individual LED's G01R31/2635; testing lamps G01R31/44; testing of optical features of LCD displays G02F1/1309

G09G3/007

Use of pixel shift techniques, e.g. by mechanical shift of the physical pixels or by optical shift of the perceived pixels

G09G3/008

forming an image on an image carrier by relative movement of a writing unit to the image carrier, e.g. on a photoconductive rotating belt, or on an electronic blackboard

G09G3/02

by tracing or scanning a light beam on a screen

G09G3/025

with scanning or deflecting the beams in two directions or dimensions

G09G3/03

specially adapted for displays having non-planar surfaces, e.g. curved displays

G09G3/035

for flexible display surfaces

G09G3/04

for presentation of a single character by selection from a plurality of characters, or by composing the character by combination of individual elements, e.g. segments

using a combination of such display devices for composing words, rows or the like, in a frame with fixed character positions

G09G3/045

Selecting complete characters

G09G3/06

using controlled light sources

G09G3/08

using incandescent filaments

G09G3/10

using gas tubes

G09G3/12

using electroluminescent elements

G09G3/14

Semiconductor devices, e.g. diodes

G09G3/16

by control of light from an independent source

G09G3/18

using liquid crystals

G09G3/19

using electrochromic devices

G09G3/20

for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix

no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters

G09G3/2003

Display of colours specific for liquid crystal displays G09G3/3607

G09G3/2007

Display of intermediate tones

G09G3/2011

by amplitude modulation

G09G3/2014

by modulation of the duration of a single pulse during which the logic level remains constant

G09G3/2018

by time modulation using two or more time intervals

G09G3/2022

using sub-frames

G09G3/2025

the sub-frames having all the same time duration

G09G3/2029

the sub-frames having non-binary weights

G09G3/2033

with splitting one or more sub-frames corresponding to the most significant bits into two or more sub-frames

G09G3/2037

with specific control of sub-frames corresponding to the least significant bits

G09G3/204

the sub-frames being organized in consecutive sub-frame groups

G09G3/2044

using dithering

G09G3/2048

with addition of random noise to an image signal or to a gradation threshold

G09G3/2051

with use of a spatial dither pattern

G09G3/2055

the pattern being varied in time

G09G3/2059

using error diffusion

G09G3/2062

using error diffusion in time

G09G3/2066

with error diffusion in both space and time

G09G3/207

by domain size control G09G3/3637 takes precedence

G09G3/2074

using sub-pixels

G09G3/2077

by a combination of two or more gradation control methods

G09G3/2081

with combination of amplitude modulation and time modulation space and time error diffusion G09G3/2066

G09G3/2085

Special arrangements for addressing the individual elements of the matrix, other than by driving respective rows and columns in combination

G09G3/2088

with use of a plurality of processors, each processor controlling a number of individual elements of the matrix

G09G3/2092

Details of a display terminals using a flat panel, the details relating to the control arrangement of the display terminal and to the interfaces thereto suitable for both CRT and flat panel G09G5/003; specific for a CRT G09G1/165

G09G3/2096

Details of the interface to the display terminal specific for a flat panel suitable for both CRT and flat panel G09G5/006; specific for a CRT G09G1/167

G09G3/22

using controlled light sources

G09G3/24

using incandescent filaments

G09G3/26

to give the appearance of moving signs

G09G3/28

using luminous gas-discharge panels, e.g. plasma panels

G09G3/2803

Display of gradations G09G3/288 takes precedence

G09G3/2807

with discharge activated by high-frequency signals specially adapted therefor

G09G3/2813

using alternating current [AC] - direct current [DC] hybrid-type panels

G09G3/282

using DC panels

G09G3/285

using self-scanning

G09G3/288

using AC panels

G09G3/29

using self-shift panels

with sequential transfer of the discharges from an input position to a further display position

G09G3/291

controlling the gas discharge to control a cell condition, e.g. by means of specific pulse shapes

G09G3/292

for reset discharge, priming discharge or erase discharge occurring in a phase other than addressing

G09G3/2922

Details of erasing

G09G3/2925

Details of priming

G09G3/2927

Details of initialising

G09G3/293

for address discharge

G09G3/2932

Addressed by writing selected cells that are in an OFF state

G09G3/2935

Addressed by erasing selected cells that are in an ON state

G09G3/2937

being addressed only once per frame

G09G3/294

for lighting or sustain discharge

G09G3/2942

with special waveforms to increase luminous efficiency

G09G3/2944

by varying the frequency of sustain pulses or the number of sustain pulses proportionally in each subfield of the whole frame

G09G3/2946

by introducing variations of the frequency of sustain pulses within a frame or non-proportional variations of the number of sustain pulses in each subfield

G09G3/2948

by increasing the total sustaining time with respect to other times in the frame

G09G3/296

Driving circuits for producing the waveforms applied to the driving electrodes

G09G3/2965

using inductors for energy recovery

G09G3/297

using opposed discharge type panels

G09G3/298

using surface discharge panels

G09G3/2983

using non-standard pixel electrode arrangements

G09G3/2986

with more than 3 electrodes involved in the operation

G09G3/299

using alternate lighting of surface-type panels

G09G3/30

using electroluminescent panels

G09G3/32

semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED]

G09G3/3208

organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED]

G09G3/3216

using a passive matrix

G09G3/3225

using an active matrix

G09G3/3233

with pixel circuitry controlling the current through the light-emitting element

G09G3/3241

the current through the light-emitting element being set using a data current provided by the data driver, e.g. by using a two-transistor current mirror

G09G3/325

the data current flowing through the driving transistor during a setting phase, e.g. by using a switch for connecting the driving transistor to the data driver

G09G3/3258

with pixel circuitry controlling the voltage across the light-emitting element

G09G3/3266

Details of drivers for scan electrodes

G09G3/3275

Details of drivers for data electrodes

G09G3/3283

in which the data driver supplies a variable data current for setting the current through, or the voltage across, the light-emitting elements

G09G3/3291

in which the data driver supplies a variable data voltage for setting the current through, or the voltage across, the light-emitting elements

G09G3/34

by control of light from an independent source

G09G3/3406

Control of illumination source illumination devices structurally associated with liquid crystal cells G02F1/1336

G09G3/3413

Details of control of colour illumination sources

G09G3/342

using several illumination sources separately controlled corresponding to different display panel areas, e.g. along one dimension such as lines

G09G3/3426

the different display panel areas being distributed in two dimensions, e.g. matrix

G09G3/3433

using light modulating elements actuated by an electric field and being other than liquid crystal devices and electrochromic devices using liquid crystal devices G09G3/36; using electrochromic devices G09G3/38

G09G3/344

based on particles moving in a fluid or in a gas, e.g. electrophoretic devices electrophoretic devices per se

G02F1/167

G09G3/3446

with more than two electrodes controlling the modulating element

G09G3/3453

based on rotating particles or microelements

G09G3/346

based on modulation of the reflection angle, e.g. micromirrors micromirrors devices per se

G02B26/0833

G09G3/3466

based on interferometric effect

G09G3/3473

based on light coupled out of a light guide, e.g. due to scattering, by contracting the light guide with external means

G09G3/348

based on the deformation of a fluid drop, e.g. electrowetting

G09G3/3486

using light modulating elements actuated by a magnetic field

G09G3/3493

using light modulating elements actuated by a piezoelectric effect

G09G3/36

using liquid crystals

G09G3/3603

with thermally addressed liquid crystals

G09G3/3607

for displaying colours or for displaying grey scales with a specific pixel layout, e.g. using sub-pixels display of colours in flat matrix panels other than liquid crystal displays G09G3/2003; grey scales specific for television H04N3/127

G09G3/3611

Control of matrices with row and column drivers

G09G3/3614

Control of polarity reversal in general

G09G3/3618

with automatic refresh of the display panel using sense/write circuits

G09G3/3622

using a passive matrix G09G3/3674 - G09G3/3696 take precedence

G09G3/3625

using active addressing

G09G3/3629

using liquid crystals having memory effects, e.g. ferroelectric liquid crystals

G09G3/3633

with transmission/voltage characteristic comprising multiple loops, e.g. antiferroelectric liquid crystals

G09G3/3637

with intermediate tones displayed by domain size control domain size control in flat matrix panels other than liquid crystal displays having memory effects G09G3/207

G09G3/364

with use of subpixels

G09G3/3644

with the matrix divided into sections

G09G3/3648

using an active matrix G09G3/367 - G09G3/3696 take precedence

G09G3/3651

using multistable liquid crystals, e.g. ferroelectric liquid crystals

G09G3/3655

Details of drivers for counter electrodes, e.g. common electrodes for pixel capacitors or supplementary storage capacitors

G09G3/3659

the addressing of the pixel involving the control of two or more scan electrodes or two or more data electrodes, e.g. pixel voltage dependant on signal of two data electrodes

G09G3/3662

using plasma-addressed liquid crystal displays

G09G3/3666

with the matrix divided into sections

G09G3/367

with a nonlinear element in series with the liquid crystal cell, e.g. a diode, or M.I.M. element

G09G3/3674

Details of drivers for scan electrodes

G09G3/3677

suitable for active matrices only

G09G3/3681

suitable for passive matrices only

G09G3/3685

Details of drivers for data electrodes

G09G3/3688

suitable for active matrices only

G09G3/3692

suitable for passive matrices only

G09G3/3696

Generation of voltages supplied to electrode drivers

G09G3/38

using electrochromic devices

G09G5/00

Control arrangements or circuits for visual indicators common to cathode-ray tube indicators and other visual indicators image data processing or generation, in general G06T

G09G5/001

Arbitration of resources in a display system, e.g. control of access to frame buffer by video controller and/or main processor

G09G5/003

Details of a display terminal, the details relating to the control arrangement of the display terminal and to the interfaces thereto specific for a CRT G09G1/165; for a flat panel G09G3/2092

G09G5/005

Adapting incoming signals to the display format of the display terminal

G09G5/006

Details of the interface to the display terminal specific for a display terminal using a CRT G09G1/167; using a flat panel G09G3/2096; circuits for interfacing with colour displays G09G5/04

G09G5/008

Clock recovery

G09G5/02

characterised by the way in which colour is displayed

details of colour display specific for CRTs G09G1/28; specific for flat matrix panels other than liquid crystal displays G09G3/2003; specific for liquid crystal displays G09G3/3607

G09G5/022

using memory planes

G09G5/024

using colour registers, e.g. to control background, foreground, surface filling G09G5/06 takes precedence

G09G5/026

Control of mixing and/or overlay of colours in general G09G5/022 and G09G5/024 take precedence

G09G5/028

Circuits for converting colour display signals into monochrome display signals

G09G5/04

using circuits for interfacing with colour displays

G09G5/06

using colour palettes, e.g. look-up tables

G09G5/08

Cursor circuits

G09G5/10

Intensity circuits

G09G5/12

Synchronisation between the display unit and other units, e.g. other display units, video-disc players

G09G5/14

Display of multiple viewports

G09G5/16

Display of right-to-left language

G09G5/18

Timing circuits for raster scan displays specially adapted for television H04N

; synchronisation between the display unit and other display units, videodisc player G09G5/12

G09G5/20

Function-generator circuits, e.g. circle generators

line or curve smoothing circuits

G09G5/22

characterised by the display of characters or indicia using display control signals derived from coded signals representing the characters or indicia, e.g. with a character-code memory

G09G5/222

Control of the character-code memory

G09G5/225

comprising a loadable character generator character generators per se

G09G5/24

G09G5/227

Resolution modifying circuits, e.g. variable screen formats, resolution change between memory contents and display screen

G09G5/24

Generation of individual character patterns

G09G5/243

Circuits for displaying proportional spaced characters or for kerning

G09G5/246

of ideographic or arabic-like characters

G09G5/26

for modifying the character dimensions, e.g. double width, double height

G09G5/28

for enhancement of character form, e.g. smoothing

G09G5/30

Control of display attribute

G09G5/32

with means for controlling the display position

see provisionally G09G5/42

G09G5/34

for rolling or scrolling

G09G5/343

for systems having a character code-mapped display memory

G09G5/346

for systems having a bit-mapped display memory

G09G5/36

characterised by the display of a graphic pattern, e.g. using an all-points-addressable [APA] memory

G09G5/363

Graphics controllers

G09G5/366

with conversion of CRT control signals to flat panel control signals, e.g. adapting the palette memory

G09G5/37

Details of the operation on graphic patterns G09G5/38 takes precedence

G09G5/373

for modifying the size of the graphic pattern

G09G5/377

for mixing or overlaying two or more graphic patterns G09G5/02, G09G5/397 take precedence

G09G5/38

with means for controlling the display position

G09G5/39

Control of the bit-mapped memory

G09G5/391

Resolution modifying circuits, e.g. variable screen formats

G09G5/393

Arrangements for updating the contents of the bit-mapped memory

G09G5/395

Arrangements specially adapted for transferring the contents of the bit-mapped memory to the screen G09G5/399 takes precedence

G09G5/397

Arrangements specially adapted for transferring the contents of two or more bit-mapped memories to the screen simultaneously, e.g. for mixing or overlay G09G5/02 takes precedence

Not complete. See also G09G5/395, G09G5/399

G09G5/399

using two or more bit-mapped memories, the operations of which are switched in time, e.g. ping-pong buffers

G09G5/40

characterised by the way in which both a pattern determined by character code and another pattern are displayed simultaneously, or either pattern is displayed selectively, e.g. with character code memory and APA, i.e. all-points-addressable, memory

G09G5/42

characterised by the display of patterns using a display memory without fixed position correspondence between the display memory contents and the display position on the screen

G09G2230/00

Details of flat display driving waveforms

G09G2290/00

Indexing scheme relating to details of a display terminal

G09G2300/00

Aspects of the constitution of display devices

G09G2300/02

Composition of display devices

G09G2300/023

Display panel composed of stacked panels

G09G2300/026

Video wall, i.e. juxtaposition of a plurality of screens to create a display screen of bigger dimensions

G09G2300/04

Structural and physical details of display devices

G09G2300/0404

Matrix technologies

G09G2300/0408

Integration of the drivers onto the display substrate

G09G2300/0413

Details of dummy pixels or dummy lines in flat panels

G09G2300/0417

Special arrangements specific to the use of low carrier mobility technology

G09G2300/0421

Structural details of the set of electrodes

G09G2300/0426

Layout of electrodes and connections

G09G2300/043

Compensation electrodes or other additional electrodes in matrix displays related to distortions or compensation signals, e.g. for modifying TFT threshold voltage in column driver

G09G2300/0434

Flat panel display in which a field is applied parallel to the display plane

G09G2300/0439

Pixel structures

G09G2300/0443

with several sub-pixels for the same colour in a pixel, not specifically used to display gradations G09G3/364 takes precedence

G09G2300/0447

for multi-domain technique to improve the viewing angle in a liquid crystal display, such as multi-vertical alignment [MVA]

G09G2300/0452

Details of colour pixel setup, e.g. pixel composed of a red, a blue and two green components

G09G2300/0456

with a reflective area and a transmissive area combined in one pixel, such as in transflectance pixels

G09G2300/046

with an emissive area and a light-modulating area combined in one pixel

G09G2300/0465

Improved aperture ratio, e.g. by size reduction of the pixel circuit, e.g. for improving the pixel density or the maximum displayable luminance or brightness

G09G2300/0469

Details of the physics of pixel operation

G09G2300/0473

Use of light emitting or modulating elements having two or more stable states when no power is applied

G09G2300/0478

related to liquid crystal pixels

G09G2300/0482

Use of memory effects in nematic liquid crystals

G09G2300/0486

Cholesteric liquid crystals, including chiral-nematic liquid crystals, with transitions between focal conic, planar, and homeotropic states

G09G2300/0491

Use of a bi-refringent liquid crystal, optically controlled bi-refringence [OCB] with bend and splay states, or electrically controlled bi-refringence [ECB] for controlling the color

G09G2300/0495

Use of transitions between isotropic and anisotropic phases in liquid crystals, by voltage controlled deformation of the liquid crystal molecules, as opposed to merely changing the orientation of the molecules as in, e.g. twisted-nematic [TN], vertical-aligned [VA], cholesteric, in-plane, or bi-refringent liquid crystals

G09G2300/06

Passive matrix structure, i.e. with direct application of both column and row voltages to the light emitting or modulating elements, other than LCD or OLED

G09G2300/08

Active matrix structure, i.e. with use of active elements, inclusive of non-linear two terminal elements, in the pixels together with light emitting or modulating elements

G09G2300/0804

Sub-multiplexed active matrix panel, i.e. wherein one active driving circuit is used at pixel level for multiple image producing elements

G09G2300/0809

Several active elements per pixel in active matrix panels

G09G2300/0814

used for selection purposes, e.g. logical AND for partial update

G09G2300/0819

used for counteracting undesired variations, e.g. feedback or autozeroing

G09G2300/0823

used to establish symmetry in driving, e.g. with polarity inversion

G09G2300/0828

forming a digital to analog [D/A] conversion circuit

G09G2300/0833

forming a linear amplifier or follower

G09G2300/0838

with level shifting

G09G2300/0842

forming a memory circuit, e.g. a dynamic memory with one capacitor

G09G2300/0847

being a dynamic memory without any storage capacitor, i.e. with use of parasitic capacitances as storage elements

G09G2300/0852

being a dynamic memory with more than one capacitor

G09G2300/0857

Static memory circuit, e.g. flip-flop

G09G2300/0861

with additional control of the display period without amending the charge stored in a pixel memory, e.g. by means of additional select electrodes

G09G2300/0866

by means of changes in the pixel supply voltage

G09G2300/0871

with level shifting

G09G2300/0876

Supplementary capacities in pixels having special driving circuits and electrodes instead of being connected to common electrode or ground

Use of additional capacitively coupled compensation electrodes

G09G2300/088

using a non-linear two-terminal element

G09G2300/0885

Pixel comprising a non-linear two-terminal element alone in series with each display pixel element

G09G2300/089

Pixel comprising a non-linear two-terminal element in series with each display pixel element, the series comprising also other elements

G09G2300/0895

having more than one selection line for a two-terminal active matrix LCD, e.g. Lechner and D2R circuits

G09G2310/00

Command of the display device

G09G2310/02

Addressing, scanning or driving the display screen or processing steps related thereto

G09G2310/0202

Addressing of scan or signal lines

G09G2310/0205

Simultaneous scanning of several lines in flat panels

G09G2310/0208

using active addressing

G09G2310/021

Double addressing, i.e. scanning two or more lines, e.g. lines 2 and 3

4 and 5, at a time in a first field, followed by scanning two or more lines in another combination, e.g. lines 1 and 2

3 and 4, in a second field

G09G2310/0213

controlling the sequence of the scanning lines with respect to the patterns to be displayed, e.g. to save power

G09G2310/0216

Interleaved control phases for different scan lines in the same sub-field, e.g. initialization, addressing and sustaining in plasma displays that are not simultaneous for all scan lines

G09G2310/0218

with collection of electrodes in groups for n-dimensional addressing

G09G2310/0221

with use of split matrices G09G3/3644 and G09G3/3666 take precedence

G09G2310/0224

Details of interlacing

G09G2310/0227

related to multiple interlacing, i.e. involving more fields than just one odd field and one even field

G09G2310/0229

De-interlacing

G09G2310/0232

Special driving of display border areas

G09G2310/0235

Field-sequential colour display

G09G2310/0237

Switching ON and OFF the backlight within one frame

G09G2310/024

Scrolling of light from the illumination source over the display in combination with the scanning of the display screen

G09G2310/0243

Details of the generation of driving signals

G09G2310/0245

Clearing or presetting the whole screen independently of waveforms, e.g. on power-on G09G2310/063 takes precedence

G09G2310/0248

Precharge or discharge of column electrodes before or after applying exact column voltages

G09G2310/0251

Precharge or discharge of pixel before applying new pixel voltage

G09G2310/0254

Control of polarity reversal in general, other than for liquid crystal displays

G09G2310/0256

with the purpose of reversing the voltage across a light emitting or modulating element within a pixel

G09G2310/0259

with use of an analog or digital ramp generator in the column driver or in the pixel circuit

G09G2310/0262

The addressing of the pixel, in a display other than an active matrix LCD, involving the control of two or more scan electrodes or two or more data electrodes, e.g. pixel voltage dependent on signals of two data electrodes

G09G2310/0264

Details of driving circuits

G09G2310/0267

Details of drivers for scan electrodes, other than drivers for liquid crystal, plasma or OLED displays

G09G2310/027

Details of drivers for data electrodes, the drivers handling digital grey scale data, e.g. use of D/A converters

G09G2310/0272

Details of drivers for data electrodes, the drivers communicating data to the pixels by means of a current

G09G2310/0275

Details of drivers for data electrodes, other than drivers for liquid crystal, plasma or OLED displays, not related to handling digital grey scale data or to communication of data to the pixels by means of a current

G09G2310/0278

Details of driving circuits arranged to drive both scan and data electrodes

G09G2310/0281

Arrangement of scan or data electrode driver circuits at the periphery of a panel not inherent to a split matrix structure

G09G2310/0283

Arrangement of drivers for different directions of scanning

G09G2310/0286

Details of a shift registers arranged for use in a driving circuit

G09G2310/0289

Details of voltage level shifters arranged for use in a driving circuit

G09G2310/0291

Details of output amplifiers or buffers arranged for use in a driving circuit

G09G2310/0294

Details of sampling or holding circuits arranged for use in a driver for data electrodes

G09G2310/0297

Special arrangements with multiplexing or demultiplexing of display data in the drivers for data electrodes, in a pre-processing circuitry delivering display data to said drivers or in the matrix panel, e.g. multiplexing plural data signals to one D/A converter or demultiplexing the D/A converter output to multiple columns

G09G2310/04

Partial updating of the display screen

G09G2310/06

Details of flat display driving waveforms

G09G2310/061

for resetting or blanking

G09G2310/062

Waveforms for resetting a plurality of scan lines at a time

G09G2310/063

Waveforms for resetting the whole screen at once

G09G2310/065

Waveforms comprising zero voltage phase or pause

G09G2310/066

Waveforms comprising a gently increasing or decreasing portion, e.g. ramp

G09G2310/067

Special waveforms for scanning, where no circuit details of the gate driver are given

G09G2310/068

Application of pulses of alternating polarity prior to the drive pulse in electrophoretic displays

G09G2310/08

Details of timing specific for flat panels, other than clock recovery

G09G2320/00

Control of display operating conditions

G09G2320/02

Improving the quality of display appearance

G09G2320/0204

Compensation of DC component across the pixels in flat panels

G09G2320/0209

Crosstalk reduction, i.e. to reduce direct or indirect influences of signals directed to a certain pixel of the displayed image on other pixels of said image, inclusive of influences affecting pixels in different frames or fields or sub-images which constitute a same image, e.g. left and right images of a stereoscopic display

G09G2320/0214

with crosstalk due to leakage current of pixel switch in active matrix panels

G09G2320/0219

Reducing feedthrough effects in active matrix panels, i.e. voltage changes on the scan electrode influencing the pixel voltage due to capacitive coupling

G09G2320/0223

Compensation for problems related to R-C delay and attenuation in electrodes of matrix panels, e.g. in gate electrodes or on-substrate video signal electrodes

G09G2320/0228

Increasing the driving margin in plasma displays

G09G2320/0233

Improving the luminance or brightness uniformity across the screen

G09G2320/0238

Improving the black level

G09G2320/0242

Compensation of deficiencies in the appearance of colours

G09G2320/0247

Flicker reduction other than flicker reduction circuits used for single beam cathode-ray tubes

G09G2320/0252

Improving the response speed

G09G2320/0257

Reduction of after-image effects

G09G2320/0261

in the context of movement of objects on the screen or movement of the observer relative to the screen

G09G2320/0266

Reduction of sub-frame artefacts

G09G2320/0271

Adjustment of the gradation levels within the range of the gradation scale, e.g. by redistribution or clipping

G09G2320/0276

for the purpose of adaptation to the characteristics of a display device, i.e. gamma correction

G09G2320/028

by changing the viewing angle properties, e.g. widening the viewing angle, adapting the viewing angle to the view direction

G09G2320/0285

using tables for spatial correction of display data

G09G2320/029

by monitoring one or more pixels in the display panel, e.g. by monitoring a fixed reference pixel

G09G2320/0295

by monitoring each display pixel

G09G2320/04

Maintaining the quality of display appearance

G09G2320/041

Temperature compensation

G09G2320/043

Preventing or counteracting the effects of ageing

G09G2320/045

Compensation of drifts in the characteristics of light emitting or modulating elements

G09G2320/046

Dealing with screen burn-in prevention or compensation of the effects thereof

G09G2320/048

using evaluation of the usage time

G09G2320/06

Adjustment of display parameters

G09G2320/0606

Manual adjustment

G09G2320/0613

The adjustment depending on the type of the information to be displayed

G09G2320/062

Adjustment of illumination source parameters

G09G2320/0626

for control of overall brightness

G09G2320/0633

by amplitude modulation of the brightness of the illumination source

G09G2320/064

by time modulation of the brightness of the illumination source

G09G2320/0646

Modulation of illumination source brightness and image signal correlated to each other

G09G2320/0653

Controlling or limiting the speed of brightness adjustment of the illumination source

G09G2320/066

for control of contrast

G09G2320/0666

for control of colour parameters, e.g. colour temperature

G09G2320/0673

for control of gamma adjustment, e.g. selecting another gamma curve

G09G2320/068

for control of viewing angle adjustment

G09G2320/0686

with two or more screen areas displaying information with different brightness or colours

G09G2320/0693

Calibration of display systems

G09G2320/08

Arrangements within a display terminal for setting, manually or automatically, display parameters of the display terminal

G09G2320/10

Special adaptations of display systems for operation with variable images

G09G2320/103

Detection of image changes, e.g. determination of an index representative of the image change

G09G2320/106

Determination of movement vectors or equivalent parameters within the image

G09G2330/00

Aspects of power supply

Aspects of display protection and defect management

G09G2330/02

Details of power systems and of start or stop of display operation

G09G2330/021

Power management, e.g. power saving

G09G2330/022

in absence of operation, e.g. no data being entered during a predetermined time

G09G2330/023

using energy recovery or conservation

G09G2330/024

with inductors, other than in the electrode driving circuitry of plasma displays

G09G2330/025

Reduction of instantaneous peaks of current

G09G2330/026

Arrangements or methods related to booting a display

G09G2330/027

Arrangements or methods related to powering off a display

G09G2330/028

Generation of voltages supplied to electrode drivers in a matrix display other than LCD

G09G2330/04

Display protection

G09G2330/045

Protection against panel overheating

G09G2330/06

Handling electromagnetic interferences [EMI], covering emitted as well as received electromagnetic radiation

G09G2330/08

Fault-tolerant or redundant circuits, or circuits in which repair of defects is prepared

G09G2330/10

Dealing with defective pixels

G09G2330/12

Test circuits or failure detection circuits included in a display system, as permanent part thereof

G09G2340/00

Aspects of display data processing

G09G2340/02

Handling of images in compressed format, e.g. JPEG, MPEG

G09G2340/04

Changes in size, position or resolution of an image

G09G2340/0407

Resolution change, inclusive of the use of different resolutions for different screen areas

G09G2340/0414

Vertical resolution change

G09G2340/0421

Horizontal resolution change

G09G2340/0428

Gradation resolution change

G09G2340/0435

Change or adaptation of the frame rate of the video stream

G09G2340/0442

Handling or displaying different aspect ratios, or changing the aspect ratio

G09G2340/045

Zooming at least part of an image, i.e. enlarging it or shrinking it

G09G2340/0457

Improvement of perceived resolution by subpixel rendering

G09G2340/0464

Positioning

G09G2340/0471

Vertical positioning

G09G2340/0478

Horizontal positioning

G09G2340/0485

Centering horizontally or vertically

G09G2340/0492

Change of orientation of the displayed image, e.g. upside-down, mirrored

G09G2340/06

Colour space transformation

G09G2340/08

Monochrome to colour transformation

G09G2340/10

Mixing of images, i.e. displayed pixel being the result of an operation, e.g. adding, on the corresponding input pixels

G09G2340/12

Overlay of images, i.e. displayed pixel being the result of switching between the corresponding input pixels

G09G2340/125

wherein one of the images is motion video

G09G2340/14

Solving problems related to the presentation of information to be displayed

G09G2340/145

related to small screens

G09G2340/16

Determination of a pixel data signal depending on the signal applied in the previous frame

G09G2350/00

Solving problems of bandwidth in display systems

G09G2352/00

Parallel handling of streams of display data

G09G2354/00

Aspects of interface with display user

G09G2356/00

Detection of the display position w.r.t. other display screens

G09G2358/00

Arrangements for display data security

G09G2360/00

Aspects of the architecture of display systems

G09G2360/02

Graphics controller able to handle multiple formats, e.g. input or output formats

G09G2360/04

Display device controller operating with a plurality of display units

G09G2360/06

Use of more than one graphics processor to process data before displaying to one or more screens

G09G2360/08

Power processing, i.e. workload management for processors involved in display operations, such as CPUs or GPUs

G09G2360/10

Display system comprising arrangements, such as a coprocessor, specific for motion video images

G09G2360/12

Frame memory handling

G09G2360/121

using a cache memory

G09G2360/122

Tiling

G09G2360/123

using interleaving

G09G2360/125

using unified memory architecture [UMA]

G09G2360/126

The frame memory having additional data ports, not inclusive of standard details of the output serial port of a VRAM

G09G2360/127

Updating a frame memory using a transfer of data from a source area to a destination area

G09G2360/128

Frame memory using a Synchronous Dynamic RAM [SDRAM]

G09G2360/14

Detecting light within display terminals, e.g. using a single or a plurality of photosensors

G09G2360/141

the light conveying information used for selecting or modulating the light emitting or modulating element

G09G2360/142

the light being detected by light detection means within each pixel

G09G2360/144

the light being ambient light

G09G2360/145

the light originating from the display screen

G09G2360/147

the originated light output being determined for each pixel

G09G2360/148

the light being detected by light detection means within each pixel

G09G2360/16

Calculation or use of calculated indices related to luminance levels in display data

G09G2360/18

Use of a frame buffer in a display terminal, inclusive of the display panel

G09G2370/00

Aspects of data communication

G09G2370/02

Networking aspects

G09G2370/022

Centralised management of display operation, e.g. in a server instead of locally

G09G2370/025

LAN communication management

G09G2370/027

Arrangements and methods specific for the display of internet documents

G09G2370/04

Exchange of auxiliary data, i.e. other than image data, between monitor and graphics controller

G09G2370/042

for monitor identification

G09G2370/045

using multiple communication channels, e.g. parallel and serial

G09G2370/047

using display data channel standard [DDC] communication

G09G2370/06

Consumer Electronics Control, i.e. control of another device by a display or vice versa

G09G2370/08

Details of image data interface between the display device controller and the data line driver circuit

G09G2370/10

Use of a protocol of communication by packets in interfaces along the display data pipeline

G09G2370/12

Use of DVI or HDMI protocol in interfaces along the display data pipeline

G09G2370/14

Use of low voltage differential signaling [LVDS] for display data communication

G09G2370/16

Use of wireless transmission of display information

G09G2370/18

Use of optical transmission of display information

G09G2370/20

Details of the management of multiple sources of image data

G09G2370/22

Detection of presence or absence of input display information or of connection or disconnection of a corresponding information source

G09G2370/24

Keyboard-Video-Mouse [KVM] switch

G09G2380/00

Specific applications

G09G2380/02

Flexible displays

G09G2380/04

Electronic labels

G09G2380/06

Remotely controlled electronic signs other than labels

G09G2380/08

Biomedical applications

G09G2380/10

Automotive applications

G09G2380/12

Avionics applications

G09G2380/14

Electronic books and readers

G09G2380/16

Digital picture frames