C02F

TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE separation in general B01D; special arrangements on waterborne vessels of installations for treating water, waste water or sewage, e.g. for producing fresh water, B63J; adding materials to water to prevent corrosion C23F; treating radioactively-contaminated liquids G21F9/04; regeneration of reactants for recirculation into processes, see the relevant places for the processes

When classifying in this subclass, classification is also made in group B01D15/08 insofar as subject matter of general interest relating to chromatography is concerned.

In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.

C02F1/00

Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage C02F3/00 - C02F9/00 take precedence

C02F1/001

Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance C02F1/44 takes precedence; construction of filters in general B01D24/00 - B01D41/00

C02F1/002

using small portable filters for producing potable water, e.g. personal travel or emergency equipment, survival kits, combat gear C02F1/003 takes precedence

C02F1/003

using household-type filters for producing potable water, e.g. pitchers, bottles, faucet mounted devices C02F9/20 takes precedence

C02F1/004

using large scale industrial sized filters

C02F1/005

Systems or processes based on supernatural or anthroposophic principles, cosmic or terrestrial radiation, geomancy or rhabdomancy

C02F1/006

Water distributors either inside a treatment tank or directing the water to several treatment tanks; Water treatment plants incorporating these distributors, with or without chemical or biological tanks for settling tanks B01D21/24

C02F2001/007

Processes including a sedimentation step

C02F1/008

Control or steering systems not provided for elsewhere in subclass C02F

C02F1/02

by heating methods of steam generation F22B; preheating boiler feed-water or accumulating preheated boiler feed-water F22D

C02F1/025

Thermal hydrolysis

C02F1/04

by distillation or evaporation

C02F1/041

by means of vapour compression

C02F1/042

Prevention of deposits

C02F1/043

Details

C02F1/045

for obtaining ultra-pure water

C02F1/046

under vacuum produced by a barometric column

C02F1/047

using eolic energy

C02F1/048

Purification of waste water by evaporation

C02F1/06

Flash evaporation

C02F1/08

Thin film evaporation

C02F1/10

by direct contact with a particulate solid or with a fluid, as a heat transfer medium

C02F1/12

Spray evaporation

C02F1/14

using solar energy

C02F1/16

using waste heat from other processes

C02F1/18

Transportable devices to obtain potable water

C02F1/20

by degassing, i.e. liberation of dissolved gases degasification of liquids in general B01D19/00; arrangement of degassing apparatus in boiler feed supply F22D

C02F1/22

by freezing

C02F1/24

by flotation C02F1/465 takes precedence

C02F1/26

by extraction

C02F1/265

Desalination

C02F1/28

by sorption using ion-exchange C02F1/42; sorbent compositions B01J

C02F1/281

using inorganic sorbents

C02F1/283

using coal, charred products, or inorganic mixtures containing them

C02F1/285

using synthetic organic sorbents

C02F1/286

using natural organic sorbents or derivatives thereof

C02F1/288

using composite sorbents, e.g. coated, impregnated, multi-layered

C02F1/30

by irradiation

C02F1/302

with microwaves

C02F1/305

with electrons

C02F1/307

with X-rays or gamma radiation

C02F1/32

with ultra-violet light

C02F1/325

Irradiation devices or lamp constructions

C02F1/34

with mechanical oscillations

C02F1/36

ultrasonic vibrations

C02F1/38

by centrifugal separation

C02F1/385

by centrifuging suspensions centrifuges B04B

C02F1/40

Devices for separating or removing fatty or oily substances or similar floating material cleaning or keeping clear the surface of open water from oil or like materials E02B15/04; devices in sewers for separating liquid or solid substances from sewage E03F5/14, e.g. for use in drains leading to the sewer E03F5/16

C02F1/42

by ion-exchange ion-exchange in general B01J

When classifying in group C02F1/42, details of ion-exchangers can be further indexed by using indexing codes chosen from C02F2001/422 - C02F2001/427

C02F2001/422

using anionic exchangers

C02F2001/425

using cation exchangers

C02F2001/427

using mixed beds

C02F1/44

by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis

general membrane separation processes B01D61/00, membrane modules B01D63/00, electrodialysis C02F1/4693, combination of membrane modules and bioreactors C02F3/1268

C02F1/441

by reverse osmosis

C02F1/442

by nanofiltration

C02F1/444

by ultrafiltration or microfiltration

C02F1/445

by forward osmosis

C02F1/447

by membrane distillation distillation and evaporation without the use of membranes C02F1/04

C02F1/448

by pervaporation

C02F1/46

by electrochemical methods

C02F1/4602

for prevention or elimination of deposits

C02F1/4604

for desalination of seawater or brackish water

C02F1/4606

for producing oligodynamic substances to disinfect the water

C02F1/4608

using electrical discharges

C02F1/461

by electrolysis

C02F1/46104

Devices therefor; Their operating or servicing

C02F1/46109

Electrodes

When classifying in group C02F1/46109, details of devices for electrolysis can be further indexed by using indexing codes chosen from C02F2001/46119 - C02F2001/46166

C02F1/46114

Electrodes in particulate form or with conductive and/or non conductive particles between them

C02F2001/46119

Cleaning the electrodes

C02F2001/46123

Movable electrodes

C02F2001/46128

Bipolar electrodes

C02F2001/46133

characterised by the material

C02F2001/46138

Electrodes comprising a substrate and a coating

C02F2001/46142

Catalytic coating

C02F2001/46147

Diamond coating

C02F2001/46152

characterised by the shape or form electrodes in particulate form or with conductive or non-conductive particles between them C02F1/46114

C02F2001/46157

Perforated or foraminous electrodes

C02F2001/46161

Porous electrodes

C02F2001/46166

Gas diffusion electrodes

C02F2001/46171

Cylindrical or tubular shaped

C02F1/46176

Galvanic cells

C02F1/4618

for producing "ionised" acidic or basic water

When classifying in group C02F1/4618, details relating to the production of "ionised" acidic or basic water using electrolysis devices can be further indexed by using indexing codes chosen from C02F2001/46185 - C02F2001/46195

C02F2001/46185

only anodic or acidic water, e.g. for oxidizing or sterilizing

C02F2001/4619

only cathodic or alkaline water, e.g. for reducing

C02F2001/46195

characterised by the oxidation reduction potential [ORP]

C02F1/463

by electrocoagulation

C02F1/465

by electroflotation

C02F1/467

by electrochemical disinfection

by electrooxydation or by electroreduction

C02F1/4672

by electrooxydation

C02F1/4674

with halogen or compound of halogens, e.g. chlorine, bromine

C02F1/4676

by electroreduction

C02F1/4678

of metals

C02F1/469

by electrochemical separation, e.g. by electro-osmosis, electrodialysis, electrophoresis

C02F1/4691

Capacitive deionisation

C02F1/4693

electrodialysis

C02F1/4695

electrodeionisation

C02F1/4696

electrophoresis

C02F1/4698

electro-osmosis

C02F1/48

with magnetic or electric fields C02F1/46 takes precedence

C02F1/481

using permanent magnets

C02F1/482

located on the outer wall of the treatment device, i.e. not in contact with the liquid to be treated, e.g. detachable

C02F1/484

using electromagnets

C02F1/485

located on the outer wall of the treatment device, i.e. not in contact with the liquid to be treated, e.g. detachable

C02F1/487

using high frequency electromagnetic fields, e.g. pulsed electromagnetic fields

C02F1/488

for separation of magnetic materials, e.g. magnetic flocculation

C02F1/50

by addition or application of a germicide or by oligodynamic treatment

C02F1/4606, C02F1/467, C02F1/76 take precedence

C02F1/505

by oligodynamic treatment

C02F1/52

by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities

C02F1/463 takes precedence

C02F1/5209

Regulation methods for flocculation or precipitation

C02F2001/5218

Crystallization

C02F1/5227

Processes for facilitating the dissolution of solid flocculants in water

C02F1/5236

using inorganic agents

C02F1/5245

using basic salts, e.g. of aluminium and iron

C02F1/5254

using magnesium compounds and phosphoric acid for removing ammonia

C02F1/5263

using natural chemical compounds

C02F1/5272

using specific organic precipitants

C02F1/5281

Installations for water purification using chemical agents

C02F1/529

Processes or devices for preparing lime water

C02F1/54

using organic material

C02F1/542

Phosphorus compounds

C02F1/545

Silicon compounds

C02F1/547

Tensides

C02F1/56

Macromolecular compounds

C02F1/58

by removing specified dissolved compounds using ion-exchange C02F1/42; softening water C02F5/00

C02F1/583

by removing fluoride or fluorine compounds

C02F1/586

by removing ammoniacal nitrogen for biological methods C02F3/00

C02F1/60

Silicon compounds

C02F1/583 takes precedence

C02F1/62

Heavy metal compounds

C02F1/64

of iron or manganese

C02F1/645

Devices for iron precipitation and treatment by air

C02F1/66

by neutralisation

pH adjustment for degassing C02F1/20; using ion-exchange C02F1/42; for flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities C02F1/52; for removing dissolved compounds C02F1/58

C02F1/68

by addition of specified substances, e.g. trace elements, for ameliorating potable water medicinal water A61K

C02F1/681

by addition of solid materials for removing an oily layer on water

C02F1/682

by addition of chemical compounds for dispersing an oily layer on water

C02F1/683

by addition of complex-forming compounds

C02F1/685

Devices for dosing the additives

C02F1/686

Devices for dosing liquid additives

C02F1/687

Devices for dosing solid compounds

C02F1/688

Devices in which the water progressively dissolves a solid compound

C02F1/70

by reduction

C02F1/4676 takes precedence

C02F1/705

Reduction by metals

C02F1/72

by oxidation

C02F1/4672 takes precedence

C02F1/722

Oxidation by peroxides

C02F1/725

by catalytic oxidation

C02F1/727

using pure oxygen or oxygen rich gas

C02F1/74

with air aeration of stretches of water C02F7/00

C02F1/76

with halogens or compounds of halogens

C02F1/4674 takes precedence

C02F1/763

Devices for the addition of such compounds in gaseous form

C02F1/766

by means of halogens other than chlorine or of halogenated compounds containing halogen other than chlorine

C02F1/78

with ozone

C02F1/4672 takes precedence

C02F3/00

Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage

C02F1/006 takes precedence

C02F2003/001

using granular carriers or supports for the microorganisms

C02F2003/003

using activated carbon or the like

C02F3/005

Combined electrochemical biological processes aeration by electrolytically produced oxygen bubbles C02F3/202

C02F3/006

Regulation methods for biological treatment

C02F2003/008

using anaerobic baffled reactors

C02F3/02

Aerobic processes

C02F3/025

Biological purification using sources of oxygen other than air, oxygen or ozone

C02F3/04

using trickle filters

C02F3/043

Devices for distributing water over trickle filters

C02F3/046

Soil filtration

C02F3/06

using submerged filters

C02F3/08

using moving contact bodies

C02F3/082

Rotating biological contactors

C02F3/085

Fluidized beds

C02F3/087

Floating beds with contact bodies having a lower density than water

C02F3/10

Packings

Fillings

Grids packing elements in general B01J19/30, B01J19/32

C02F3/101

Arranged-type packing, e.g. stacks, arrays

C02F3/102

Permeable membranes

C02F3/103

Textile-type packing

C02F3/104

Granular carriers

C02F3/105

Characterized by the chemical composition

C02F3/106

Carbonaceous materials

C02F3/107

Inorganic materials, e.g. sand, silicates

C02F3/108

Immobilising gels, polymers or the like

C02F3/109

Characterized by the shape C02F3/104 takes precedence

C02F3/12

Activated sludge processes

C02F3/1205

Particular type of activated sludge processes

C02F3/121

Multistep treatment

C02F3/1215

Combinations of activated sludge treatment with precipitation, flocculation, coagulation and separation of phosphates

C02F3/1221

comprising treatment of the recirculated sludge

C02F3/1226

comprising an absorbent material suspended in the mixed liquor

C02F3/1231

Treatments of toxic sewage

C02F3/1236

Particular type of activated sludge installations

C02F3/1242

Small compact installations for use in homes, apartment blocks, hotels or the like

C02F3/1247

comprising circular tanks with elements, e.g. decanters, aeration basins, in the form of segments, crowns or sectors

C02F3/1252

Cylindrical tanks with horizontal axis

C02F3/1257

Oxidation ditches

C02F3/1263

Sequencing batch reactors [SBR]

C02F3/1268

Membrane bioreactor systems

C02F3/1273

Submerged membrane bioreactors

C02F3/1278

Provisions for mixing or aeration of the mixed liquor

C02F3/1284

Mixing devices

C02F3/1289

Aeration by saturation under super-atmospheric pressure

C02F3/1294

"Venturi" aeration means

C02F3/14

using surface aeration

C02F3/145

Protection against aerosols

C02F3/16

the aerator having a vertical axis

C02F3/165

using vertical aeration channels

C02F3/18

the aerator having a horizontal axis

C02F3/20

using diffusers

C02F3/201

Perforated, resilient plastic diffusers, e.g. membranes, sheets, foils, tubes, hoses

C02F3/202

Aeration by electrolytically produced oxygen bubbles

C02F3/203

Swing diffusers

C02F3/205

Moving, e.g. rotary, diffusers; Stationary diffusers with moving, e.g. rotary, distributors

C02F3/206

with helical screw impellers

C02F3/207

with axial thrust propellers

C02F3/208

Membrane aeration C02F3/201 takes precedence

C02F3/22

using circulation pipes

C02F3/223

using "air-lift"

C02F3/226

"Deep shaft" processes

C02F3/24

using free-fall aeration or spraying

C02F3/26

using pure oxygen or oxygen-rich gas

C02F3/28

Anaerobic digestion processes

C02F3/2806

Anaerobic processes using solid supports for microorganisms

C02F3/2813

using anaerobic contact processes

C02F3/282

using anaerobic sequencing batch reactors

C02F3/2826

using anaerobic filters

C02F3/2833

using fluidized bed reactors

C02F3/284

using anaerobic baffled reactors

C02F3/2846

using upflow anaerobic sludge blanket [UASB] reactors

C02F3/2853

using anaerobic membrane bioreactors

C02F3/286

including two or more steps

C02F3/2866

Particular arrangements for anaerobic reactors

C02F3/2873

with internal draft tube circulation

C02F3/288

comprising septic tanks combined with a filter

C02F3/2886

Two story combinations of the Imhoff tank type

C02F3/2893

with biogas recycling

C02F3/30

Aerobic and anaerobic processes

C02F3/301

Aerobic and anaerobic treatment in the same reactor

C02F3/302

Nitrification and denitrification treatment C02F3/308 takes precedence

C02F3/303

characterised by the nitrification

C02F3/305

characterised by the denitrification

C02F3/306

Denitrification of water in soil

C02F3/307

characterised by direct conversion of nitrite to molecular nitrogen, e.g. by using the Anammox process

C02F3/308

Biological phosphorus removal

C02F3/32

characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae

C02F3/322

use of algae

C02F3/325

as symbiotic combination of algae and bacteria

C02F3/327

characterised by animals and plants

C02F3/34

characterised by the microorganisms used

C02F3/341

Consortia of bacteria

C02F3/342

characterised by the enzymes used

C02F3/343

for digestion of grease, fat, oil

C02F3/344

for digestion of mineral oil

C02F3/345

for biological oxidation or reduction of sulfur compounds

C02F3/346

Iron bacteria

C02F3/347

Use of yeasts or fungi C02F3/322 takes precedence

C02F3/348

characterised by the way or the form in which the microorganisms are added or dosed

C02F5/00

Softening water

Preventing scale

Adding scale preventatives or scale removers to water, e.g. adding sequestering agents softening using ion-exchange C02F1/42

C02F5/02

Softening water by precipitation of the hardness

C02F5/025

Hot-water softening devices

C02F5/04

using phosphates C02F5/06 takes precedence

C02F5/06

using calcium compounds

C02F5/08

Treatment of water with complexing chemicals or other solubilising agents for softening, scale prevention or scale removal, e.g. adding sequestering agents

C02F5/083

Mineral agents

C02F5/086

Condensed phosphates

C02F5/10

using organic substances

C02F5/105

combined with inorganic substances

C02F5/12

containing nitrogen C02F5/14 takes precedence

C02F5/125

combined with inorganic substances

C02F5/14

containing phosphorus

C02F5/145

combined with inorganic substances

C02F7/00

Aeration of stretches of water

C02F9/00

Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage

This group covers combined treatment operations, carried out in a defined order in three or more different treatment stages, each stage occurring in a separate location, e.g. apparatus, reactor or compartment.

This group does not cover treatments where the essential characteristic resides in an individual step of the treatment, which treatments are covered by groups C02F1/00 - C02F7/00.

C02F9/20

Portable or detachable small-scale multistage treatment devices, e.g. point of use or laboratory water purification systems

C02F11/00

Treatment of sludge

Devices therefor

C02F11/002

Sludge treatment using liquids immiscible with water

C02F11/004

Sludge detoxification

C02F11/006

Electrochemical treatment, e.g. electro-oxidation or electro-osmosis

C02F11/008

Sludge treatment by fixation or solidification

C02F11/02

Biological treatment

C02F11/04

Anaerobic treatment

Production of methane by such processes

C02F11/06

by oxidation incinerators for burning waste liquors, e.g. sulfite liquor from paper-making plant F23G7/04

C02F11/08

Wet air oxidation

C02F11/083

using deep well reactors

C02F11/086

in the supercritical state

C02F11/10

by pyrolysis

C02F11/12

by de-watering, drying or thickening

C02F11/121

by mechanical de-watering

C02F11/122

using filter presses C02F11/123 takes precedence

C02F11/123

using belt or band filters

C02F11/125

using screw filters

C02F11/126

using drum filters

C02F11/127

by centrifugation

C02F11/128

using batch processes

C02F11/13

by heating

C02F11/131

using electromagnetic or ultrasonic waves

C02F11/14

with addition of chemical agents

C02F11/143

using inorganic substances C02F11/148 takes precedence

C02F11/145

using calcium compounds

C02F11/147

using organic substances C02F11/148 takes precedence

C02F11/148

Combined use of inorganic and organic substances, being added in the same treatment step

C02F11/15

by treatment with electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields

by treatment with ultrasonic waves for the purpose of heating C02F11/131

C02F11/16

using drying or composting beds

C02F11/18

by thermal conditioning by pyrolysis C02F11/10

C02F11/185

by pasteurisation

C02F11/20

by freezing

C02F2101/00

Nature of the contaminant

C02F2101/003

Explosive compounds, e.g. TNT

C02F2101/006

Radioactive compounds

C02F2101/10

Inorganic compounds

C02F2101/101

Sulfur compounds

C02F2101/103

Arsenic compounds

C02F2101/105

Phosphorus compounds

C02F2101/106

Selenium compounds

C02F2101/108

Boron compounds

C02F2101/12

Halogens or halogen-containing compounds

C02F2101/14

Fluorine or fluorine-containing compounds

C02F2101/16

Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia

C02F2101/163

Nitrates

C02F2101/166

Nitrites

C02F2101/18

Cyanides

C02F2101/20

Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds

C02F2101/203

Iron or iron compound

C02F2101/206

Manganese or manganese compounds

C02F2101/22

Chromium or chromium compounds, e.g. chromates

C02F2101/30

Organic compounds

C02F2101/301

Detergents, surfactants

C02F2101/303

Complexing agents

C02F2101/305

Endocrine disruptive agents

C02F2101/306

Pesticides

C02F2101/308

Dyes; Colorants; Fluorescent agents

C02F2101/32

Hydrocarbons, e.g. oil

C02F2101/322

Volatile compounds, e.g. benzene

C02F2101/325

Emulsions

C02F2101/327

Polyaromatic Hydrocarbons [PAH's]

C02F2101/34

containing oxygen

C02F2101/345

Phenols

C02F2101/36

containing halogen

C02F2101/363

PCB's; PCP's

C02F2101/366

Dioxine; Furan

C02F2101/38

containing nitrogen

C02F2101/40

containing sulfur

C02F2103/00

Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated

C02F2103/001

Runoff or storm water

C02F2103/002

Grey water, e.g. from clothes washers, showers or dishwashers

C02F2103/003

Wastewater from hospitals, laboratories and the like, heavily contaminated by pathogenic microorganisms

C02F2103/005

Black water originating from toilets

C02F2103/006

Dental effluents

C02F2103/007

Contaminated open waterways, rivers, lakes or ponds

C02F2103/008

Originating from marine vessels, ships and boats, e.g. bilge water or ballast water

C02F2103/02

Non-contaminated water, e.g. for industrial water supply

C02F2103/023

Water in cooling circuits

C02F2103/026

Treating water for medical or cosmetic purposes

C02F2103/04

for obtaining ultra-pure water

C02F2103/06

Contaminated groundwater or leachate

C02F2103/08

Seawater, e.g. for desalination

C02F2103/10

from quarries or from mining activities

C02F2103/12

from the silicate or ceramic industries, e.g. waste waters from cement or glass factories

C02F2103/14

Paint wastes

C02F2103/16

from metallurgical processes, i.e. from the production, refining or treatment of metals, e.g. galvanic wastes

C02F2103/18

from the purification of gaseous effluents

C02F2103/20

from animal husbandry

C02F2103/22

from the processing of animals, e.g. poultry, fish, or parts thereof

C02F2103/24

from tanneries

C02F2103/26

from the processing of plants or parts thereof

C02F2103/28

from the paper or cellulose industry

C02F2103/30

from the textile industry

C02F2103/32

from the food or foodstuff industry, e.g. brewery waste waters

C02F2103/322

from vegetable oil production, e.g. olive oil production

C02F2103/325

from processes relating to the production of wine products

C02F2103/327

from processes relating to the production of dairy products

C02F2103/34

from industrial activities not provided for in groups C02F2103/12 - C02F2103/32

C02F2103/343

from the pharmaceutical industry, e.g. containing antibiotics

C02F2103/346

from semiconductor processing, e.g. waste water from polishing of wafers

C02F2103/36

from the manufacture of organic compounds

C02F2103/365

from petrochemical industry (e.g. refineries)

C02F2103/38

Polymers

C02F2103/40

from the manufacture or use of photosensitive materials

C02F2103/42

from bathing facilities, e.g. swimming pools

C02F2103/44

from vehicle washing facilities

C02F2201/00

Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage

C02F2201/001

Build in apparatus for autonomous on board water supply and wastewater treatment (e.g. for aircrafts, cruiseships, oil drilling platforms, railway trains, space stations)

C02F2201/002

Construction details of the apparatus

C02F2201/003

Coaxial constructions, e.g. a cartridge located coaxially within another

C02F2201/004

Seals, connections

C02F2201/005

Valves

C02F2201/006

Cartridges

C02F2201/007

Modular design

C02F2201/008

Mobile apparatus and plants, e.g. mounted on a vehicle for biological treatment C02F2203/008

C02F2201/009

Apparatus with independent power supply, e.g. solar cells, windpower, fuel cells for electrolysis apparatus C02F2201/46165

C02F2201/32

Details relating to UV-irradiation devices

C02F2201/322

Lamp arrangement

C02F2201/3221

Lamps suspended above a water surface or pipe

C02F2201/3222

Units using UV-light emitting diodes [LED]

C02F2201/3223

Single elongated lamp located on the central axis of a turbular reactor

C02F2201/3224

Units using UV-light guiding optical fibers

C02F2201/3225

Lamps immersed in an open channel, containing the liquid to be treated

C02F2201/3226

Units using UV-light emitting lasers

C02F2201/3227

Units with two or more lamps

C02F2201/3228

Units having reflectors, e.g. coatings, baffles, plates, mirrors

C02F2201/324

Lamp cleaning installations, e.g. brushes

C02F2201/326

Lamp control systems

C02F2201/328

Having flow diverters (baffles)

C02F2201/46

Apparatus for electrochemical processes

C02F2201/461

Electrolysis apparatus

C02F2201/46105

Details relating to the electrolytic devices

C02F2201/4611

Fluid flow

C02F2201/46115

Electrolytic cell with membranes or diaphragms

C02F2201/4612

Controlling or monitoring

C02F2201/46125

Electrical variables

C02F2201/4613

Inversing polarity

C02F2201/46135

Voltage

C02F2201/4614

Current

C02F2201/46145

Fluid flow

C02F2201/4615

Time

C02F2201/46155

Heating or cooling

C02F2201/4616

Power supply

C02F2201/46165

Special power supply, e.g. solar energy or batteries

C02F2201/4617

DC only

C02F2201/46175

Electrical pulses

C02F2201/4618

Supplying or removing reactants or electrolyte

C02F2201/46185

Recycling the cathodic or anodic feed

C02F2201/4619

Supplying gas to the electrolyte gas diffusion electrodes C02F2001/46166

C02F2201/46195

Cells containing solid electrolyte

C02F2201/48

Devices for applying magnetic or electric fields

C02F2201/483

using coils

C02F2201/486

using antenna

C02F2201/78

Details relating to ozone treatment devices

C02F2201/782

Ozone generators

C02F2201/784

Diffusers or nozzles for ozonation

C02F2203/00

Apparatus and plants for the biological treatment of water, waste water or sewage

C02F2203/002

comprising an initial buffer container

C02F2203/004

comprising a selector reactor for promoting floc-forming or other bacteria

C02F2203/006

details of construction, e.g. specially adapted seals, modules, connections

C02F2203/008

Mobile apparatus and plants, e.g. mounted on a vehicle

C02F2209/00

Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment

C02F2209/001

Upstream control, i.e. monitoring for predictive control

C02F2209/003

Downstream control, i.e. outlet monitoring, e.g. to check the treating agents, such as halogens or ozone, leaving the process

C02F2209/005

Processes using a programmable logic controller [PLC]

C02F2209/006

comprising a software program or a logic diagram

C02F2209/008

comprising telecommunication features, e.g. modems or antennas

C02F2209/01

Density

C02F2209/02

Temperature

C02F2209/03

Pressure

C02F2209/04

Oxidation reduction potential [ORP]

C02F2209/05

Conductivity or salinity

C02F2209/055

Hardness

C02F2209/06

C02F2209/07

Alkalinity

C02F2209/08

Chemical Oxygen Demand [COD]

Biological Oxygen Demand [BOD]

C02F2209/09

Viscosity

C02F2209/10

Solids, e.g. total solids [TS], total suspended solids [TSS] or volatile solids [VS]

C02F2209/105

Particle number, particle size or particle characterisation

C02F2209/11

Turbidity

C02F2209/12

Volatile Fatty Acids (VFAs)

C02F2209/14

NH₃-N

C02F2209/15

N03-N

C02F2209/16

Total nitrogen (tkN-N)

C02F2209/18

PO₄-P

C02F2209/19

SO₄-S

C02F2209/20

Total organic carbon [TOC]

C02F2209/21

Dissolved organic carbon [DOC]

C02F2209/22

O₂

C02F2209/225

in the gas phase

C02F2209/23

O₃

C02F2209/235

in the gas phase

C02F2209/24

CO₂

C02F2209/245

in the gas phase

C02F2209/26

H₂S

C02F2209/265

in the gas phase

C02F2209/28

CH₄

C02F2209/285

CH₄ in the gas phase

C02F2209/29

Chlorine compounds

C02F2209/30

H₂

C02F2209/32

C02F2209/34

N₂O

C02F2209/36

Biological material, e.g. enzymes or ATP

C02F2209/38

Gas flow rate

C02F2209/40

Liquid flow rate

C02F2209/42

Liquid level

C02F2209/44

Time

C02F2209/445

Filter life

C02F2301/00

General aspects of water treatment

C02F2301/02

Fluid flow conditions

C02F2301/022

Laminar

C02F2301/024

Turbulent

C02F2301/026

Spiral, helicoidal, radial

C02F2301/028

Tortuous

C02F2301/04

Flow arrangements

C02F2301/043

Treatment of partial or bypass streams

C02F2301/046

Recirculation with an external loop

C02F2301/06

Pressure conditions

C02F2301/063

Underpressure, vacuum

C02F2301/066

Overpressure, high pressure

C02F2301/08

Multistage treatments, e.g. repetition of the same process step under different conditions

C02F2301/10

Temperature conditions for biological treatment

C02F2301/103

Psychrophilic treatment

C02F2301/106

Thermophilic treatment

C02F2303/00

Specific treatment goals

C02F2303/02

Odour removal or prevention of malodour

C02F2303/04

Disinfection

C02F2303/06

Sludge reduction, e.g. by lysis

C02F2303/08

Corrosion inhibition

C02F2303/10

Energy recovery

C02F2303/12

Prevention of foaming

C02F2303/14

Maintenance of water treatment installations

C02F2303/16

Regeneration of sorbents, filters

C02F2303/18

Removal of treatment agents after treatment

C02F2303/185

The treatment agent being halogen or a halogenated compound

C02F2303/20

Prevention of biofouling

C02F2303/22

Eliminating or preventing deposits, scale removal, scale prevention C02F1/042, C02F1/4602, C02F5/00 take precedence

C02F2303/24

Separation of coarse particles, e.g. by using sieves or screens

C02F2303/26

Reducing the size of particles, liquid droplets or bubbles, e.g. by crushing, grinding, spraying, creation of microbubbles or nanobubbles

C02F2305/00

Use of specific compounds during water treatment

C02F2305/02

Specific form of oxidant

C02F2305/023

Reactive oxygen species, singlet oxygen, OH radical

C02F2305/026

Fenton's reagent

C02F2305/04

Surfactants, used as part of a formulation or alone

C02F2305/06

Nutrients for stimulating the growth of microorganisms

C02F2305/08

Nanoparticles or nanotubes

C02F2305/10

Photocatalysts

C02F2305/12

Inert solids used as ballast for improving sedimentation C02F3/1226 takes precedence

C02F2305/14

Additives which dissolves or releases substances when predefined environmental conditions are reached, e.g. pH or temperature

C02F2307/00

Location of water treatment or water treatment device

C02F2307/02

as part of a bottle

C02F2307/04

as part of a pitcher or jug

C02F2307/06

Mounted on or being part of a faucet, shower handle or showerhead

C02F2307/08

Treatment of wastewater in the sewer, e.g. to reduce grease, odour

C02F2307/10

as part of a potable water dispenser, e.g. for use in homes or offices

C02F2307/12

as part of household appliances such as dishwashers, laundry washing machines or vacuum cleaners

C02F2307/14

Treatment of water in water supply networks, e.g. to prevent bacterial growth