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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
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<class-scheme publication-date="2023-02-01" scheme-type="cpc" publication-type="official">
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="2" additional-only="false" sort-key="H" date-revised="2020-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>H</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>ELECTRICITY</text></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings><note type="note"><note-paragraph>These notes cover the basic principles and general instructions for use of section <class-ref scheme="cpc">H</class-ref>. <subnote type="Roman"><note-paragraph>Section <class-ref scheme="cpc">H</class-ref> covers : <subnote type="alpha"><note-paragraph>basic electric elements, which cover all electric units and the general mechanical structure of apparatus and circuits, including the assembly of various basic elements into what are called printed circuits and also cover to a certain extent the manufacture of these elements (when not covered elsewhere);</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>generation of electricity, which covers the generation, conversion, and distribution of electricity together with the controlling of the corresponding gear;</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>applied electricity, which covers : <subnote type="roman"><note-paragraph>general utilisation techniques, viz. those of electric heating and electric lighting circuits;</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>some special utilisation techniques, either electric or electronic in the strict sense, which are not covered by other sections of the Classification, including : <subnote type="number"><note-paragraph>electric light sources, including lasers; </note-paragraph><note-paragraph>electric X-ray technique; </note-paragraph><note-paragraph>electric plasma technique and the generation and acceleration of electrically charged particles or neutrons;</note-paragraph></subnote></note-paragraph></subnote></note-paragraph><note-paragraph>basic electronic circuits and their control;</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>radio or electric communication technique, including electromechanical transducers in general;</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>the use of a specified material for the manufacture of the article or element described. In this connection, paragraphs 56 to 58 of the Guide should be referred to.</note-paragraph></subnote></note-paragraph><note-paragraph>In this section, the following general rules apply : <subnote type="alpha"><note-paragraph>subject to the exceptions stated in I (c) above, any electric aspect or part peculiar to a particular operation, process, apparatus, object, or article classified in one of the sections of the Classification other than section <class-ref scheme="cpc">H</class-ref> is always classified in the subclass for that operation, process, apparatus, object, or article, or where common characteristics concerning technical subjects of similar nature have been brought out at class level, it is classified, in conjunction with the operation, process, apparatus, object, or article in a subclass which covers entirely the general electrical applications for the technical subject in question;</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>such electrical applications, either general or particular, include <subnote type="roman"><note-paragraph>the therapeutic processes and apparatus, in class <class-ref scheme="cpc">A61</class-ref>;</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>the electric processes and apparatus used in various laboratory or industrial operations, in classes <class-ref scheme="cpc">B01</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">B03</class-ref>, and subclass <class-ref scheme="cpc">B23K</class-ref>;</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>the electricity supply, electric propulsion and electric lighting of vehicles in general and of particular vehicles, in the "Transporting" subsection of section <class-ref scheme="cpc">B</class-ref>;</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>the electric ignition systems of internal-combustion engines, in subclass <class-ref scheme="cpc">F02P</class-ref>, and of combustion apparatus in general, in subclass <class-ref scheme="cpc">F23Q</class-ref>;</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>the whole electrical part of section <class-ref scheme="cpc">G</class-ref>, i.e. measuring devices including apparatus for measuring electric variables, checking, signalling, and calculating. Electricity in that section is generally dealt with as a means and not as an end in itself;</note-paragraph></subnote></note-paragraph><note-paragraph>all electrical applications, both general and particular, presuppose that the "basic electricity" aspect appears in section <class-ref scheme="cpc">H</class-ref> (<u>see</u> 1 (a) above) as regards the electric "basic elements" which they comprise. This rule is also valid for applied electricity, referred to under 1 (c) above, which appears in section <class-ref scheme="cpc">H</class-ref> itself.</note-paragraph></subnote></note-paragraph></subnote></note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="3" additional-only="false" sort-key="H01" date-revised="2013-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>H01</classification-symbol>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="4" additional-only="false" sort-key="H01" date-revised="2023-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>H01</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2023-01-01"><title-part><text>ELECTRIC ELEMENTS</text></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings><note type="note"><note-paragraph>Processes involving only a single technical art, e.g. drying, coating, for which provision exists elsewhere are classified in the relevant class for that art.</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>Attention is drawn to the Notes following the titles of class <class-ref scheme="cpc">B81</class-ref> and subclass <class-ref scheme="cpc">B81B</class-ref> relating to "microstructural devices" and "microstructural systems".</note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-H01B.xml" sort-key="H01B" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2020-05-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>H01B</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2020-05-01"><title-part><text>CABLES</text></title-part><title-part><text>CONDUCTORS</text></title-part><title-part><text>INSULATORS</text></title-part><title-part><text>SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES </text><reference><text>selection for magnetic properties <class-ref scheme="cpc">H01F1/00</class-ref>; waveguides <class-ref scheme="cpc">H01P</class-ref> </text><CPC-specific-text><text>; printed circuits <class-ref scheme="cpc">H05K</class-ref></text></CPC-specific-text></reference></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings date-revised="2013-01-01"><note type="note"><note-paragraph>Group <class-ref scheme="cpc">H01B12/00</class-ref> takes precedence over groups <class-ref scheme="cpc">H01B5/00</class-ref> - <class-ref scheme="cpc">H01B11/00</class-ref>.</note-paragraph></note><note type="warning"><note-paragraph>In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.</note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-H01C.xml" sort-key="H01C" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2018-08-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>H01C</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>RESISTORS</text></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings date-revised="2013-01-01"><note type="note"><note-paragraph>In this subclass, the term "adjustable" means mechanically adjustable.</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>Variable resistors, the value of which is changed non-mechanically, e.g. by voltage or temperature, are classified in group <class-ref scheme="cpc">H01C7/00</class-ref>.</note-paragraph></note><note type="warning"><note-paragraph>In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.</note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-H01F.xml" sort-key="H01F" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2023-02-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>H01F</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2023-02-01"><title-part><text>MAGNETS</text></title-part><title-part><text>INDUCTANCES</text></title-part><title-part><text>TRANSFORMERS</text></title-part><title-part><text>SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES </text><reference><text>ceramics based on ferrites <class-ref scheme="cpc">C04B35/26</class-ref>; alloys <class-ref scheme="cpc">C22C</class-ref> </text><CPC-specific-text><text>; construction of loading coils <class-ref scheme="cpc">H01B</class-ref></text></CPC-specific-text><text>; loudspeakers, microphones, gramophone pick-ups or like acoustic electromechanical transducers <class-ref scheme="cpc">H04R</class-ref>; thermomagnetic devices <class-ref scheme="cpc">H10N15/00</class-ref></text></reference></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings date-revised="2013-01-01"><note type="note"><note-paragraph>In this subclass, inductances and transformers are regarded as being "for power supply" if they are intended for this purpose even in systems operating at frequencies above 60 cycles/sec.</note-paragraph></note><note type="warning"><note-paragraph>In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.</note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-H01G.xml" sort-key="H01G" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2022-08-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>H01G</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2021-01-01"><title-part><text>CAPACITORS</text></title-part><title-part><text>CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES OR LIGHT-SENSITIVE DEVICES, OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE </text><reference><text>selection of specified materials as dielectric <class-ref scheme="cpc">H01B3/00</class-ref>; capacitors with potential-jump or surface barrier <class-ref scheme="cpc">H01L29/00</class-ref></text></reference></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings><note type="note"><note-paragraph>In this subclass, group <class-ref scheme="cpc">H01G11/00</class-ref> takes precedence over groups <class-ref scheme="cpc">H01G4/00</class-ref> and <class-ref scheme="cpc">H01G9/00</class-ref>.</note-paragraph></note><note type="warning"><note-paragraph>In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.</note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-H01H.xml" sort-key="H01H" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2021-05-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>H01H</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2021-05-01"><title-part><text>ELECTRIC SWITCHES</text></title-part><title-part><text>RELAYS</text></title-part><title-part><text>SELECTORS</text></title-part><title-part><text>EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES </text><reference><text>contact cables <class-ref scheme="cpc">H01B7/10</class-ref>; electrolytic self-interrupters <class-ref scheme="cpc">H01G9/18</class-ref>; emergency protective circuit arrangements <class-ref scheme="cpc">H02H</class-ref>; switching by electronic means without contact-making <class-ref scheme="cpc">H03K17/00</class-ref></text></reference></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings date-revised="2013-01-01"><note type="note"><note-paragraph>This subclass <u>covers</u> (in groups <class-ref scheme="cpc">H01H69/00</class-ref> - <class-ref scheme="cpc">H01H87/00</class-ref>) devices for the protection of electric lines or electric machines or apparatus in the event of undesired change from normal electric working conditions, the electrical condition serving directly as the input to the device.</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>This subclass <u>does not cover</u> bases, casings, or <u>covers</u> accommodating two or more switching devices or for accommodating a switching device as well as another electric component, e.g. bus-bar, line connector. Those bases, casings or <u>covers</u> are covered by group <class-ref scheme="cpc">H02B1/26</class-ref>.</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>In this subclass, the following terms or expressions are used with the meanings indicated : <subnote type="bullet"><note-paragraph>"relay" means a switching device having contacts which are operated from electric inputs which supply, directly or indirectly, all the mechanical energy necessary to cause both the closure and the opening of the contacts; </note-paragraph><note-paragraph>"driving mechanism" refers to the means by which an operating force applied to the switch is transmitted to the moving contact or contacts; </note-paragraph><note-paragraph>"operating" is used in a broader sense than "actuating" which is reserved for those parts not touched by hand to effect switching; </note-paragraph><note-paragraph>"acting" or "action" means a self-induced movement of parts at one stage of the switching.</note-paragraph></subnote> These connotations apply to all parts of the verbs "to operate", "to actuate" and "to act" and to words derived therefrom, e.g. to "actuation".</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>In this subclass, details are classified as follows : <subnote type="bullet"><note-paragraph>details of an unspecified type of switching device, or disclosed as applicable to two or more kinds of switching devices designated by the terms or expressions "switches", "relays", "selector switches", and "emergency protective devices", are classified in groups <class-ref scheme="cpc">H01H1/00</class-ref> - <class-ref scheme="cpc">H01H9/00</class-ref>; </note-paragraph><note-paragraph>details of an unspecified type of switch, or disclosed as applicable to two or more types of switches as defined by groups <class-ref scheme="cpc">H01H13/00</class-ref> - <class-ref scheme="cpc">H01H43/00</class-ref> and sub-groups <class-ref scheme="cpc">H01H35/02</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">H01H35/06</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">H01H35/14</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">H01H35/18</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">H01H35/24</class-ref> and <class-ref scheme="cpc">H01H35/42</class-ref>, all hereinafter called basic types, are classified in groups <class-ref scheme="cpc">H01H1/00</class-ref> - <class-ref scheme="cpc">H01H9/00</class-ref>; </note-paragraph><note-paragraph>details of an unspecified type of relay, or disclosed as applicable to two or more types of relays as defined by groups <class-ref scheme="cpc">H01H51/00</class-ref> - <class-ref scheme="cpc">H01H61/00</class-ref>, hereinafter called basic types are classified in <class-ref scheme="cpc">H01H45/00</class-ref>; </note-paragraph><note-paragraph>details of an unspecified protective device, or applicable to two or more types of protective devices as defined by groups <class-ref scheme="cpc">H01H73/00</class-ref> - <class-ref scheme="cpc">H01H83/00</class-ref>, hereinafter called basic types, are classified in <class-ref scheme="cpc">H01H71/00</class-ref>.</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>However, details only described with reference to, or clearly only applicable to, switching devices of a single basic type, are classified in the group appropriate to switching devices of that basic type, e.g. <class-ref scheme="cpc">H01H19/02</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">H01H75/04</class-ref>; </note-paragraph><note-paragraph>mechanical structural details of control members of switches or of keyboards such as keys, push-buttons, levers or other mechanisms for transferring the force to the activated elements are classified in this subclass, even when they are used for controlling electronic switches.</note-paragraph></subnote> However, mechanical details directly producing electronic effects are classified in group <class-ref scheme="cpc">H03K17/94</class-ref>.</note-paragraph></note><note type="warning"><note-paragraph warning-type="ipc-not-used">The following IPC groups are not in the CPC scheme. The subject matter for these IPC groups is classified in the following CPC groups: <table><row><entry><class-ref scheme="ipc">H01H13/708</class-ref>-<class-ref scheme="ipc">H01H13/718</class-ref></entry><entry> covered by </entry><entry> <class-ref scheme="cpc">H01H13/702</class-ref></entry></row><row><entry><class-ref scheme="ipc">H01H33/575</class-ref></entry><entry> covered by </entry><entry><class-ref scheme="cpc">H01H33/56</class-ref></entry></row><row><entry><class-ref scheme="ipc">H01H33/825</class-ref></entry><entry> covered by </entry><entry><class-ref scheme="cpc">H01H33/82</class-ref></entry></row><row><entry><class-ref scheme="ipc">H01H33/835</class-ref></entry><entry> covered by </entry><entry><class-ref scheme="cpc">H01H33/83</class-ref></entry></row><row><entry><class-ref scheme="ipc">H01H33/867</class-ref></entry><entry> covered by </entry><entry><class-ref scheme="cpc">H01H33/86</class-ref></entry></row><row><entry><class-ref scheme="ipc">H01H33/873</class-ref></entry><entry> covered by </entry><entry><class-ref scheme="cpc">H01H33/86</class-ref></entry></row><row><entry><class-ref scheme="ipc">H01H33/915</class-ref></entry><entry> covered by </entry><entry><class-ref scheme="cpc">H01H33/91</class-ref></entry></row><row><entry><class-ref scheme="ipc">H01H33/985</class-ref></entry><entry> covered by </entry><entry><class-ref scheme="cpc">H01H33/98</class-ref></entry></row><row><entry><class-ref scheme="ipc">H01H33/99</class-ref></entry><entry> covered by </entry><entry><class-ref scheme="cpc">H01H33/98</class-ref></entry></row></table></note-paragraph><note-paragraph><CPC-specific-note>In this subclass, non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.</CPC-specific-note></note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-H01J.xml" sort-key="H01J" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2018-08-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>H01J</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS </text><reference><text>spark-gaps <class-ref scheme="cpc">H01T</class-ref>; arc lamps with consumable electrodes <class-ref scheme="cpc">H05B</class-ref>; particle accelerators <class-ref scheme="cpc">H05H</class-ref></text></reference></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings date-revised="2013-01-01"><note type="note"><note-paragraph> This subclass <u>covers</u> only devices for producing, influencing, or using a flow of electrons or ions, e.g. for controlling, indicating, or switching of electric current, counting electric pulses, producing light or other electromagnetic oscillations, such as X-rays, or for separating or analysing radiation or particles, and having a closed or substantially closed casing containing a chosen gas, vapour, or vacuum, upon the pressure and nature of which the characteristics of the device depend. Light sources using a combination (other than covered by group <class-ref scheme="cpc">H01J61/96</class-ref> of this subclass) of discharge and other kinds of light generation are dealt with in <class-ref scheme="cpc">H05B35/00</class-ref>. </note-paragraph><note-paragraph> In this subclass, groups <class-ref scheme="cpc">H01J1/00</class-ref> - <class-ref scheme="cpc">H01J7/00</class-ref> relate only to: <subnote type="roman"><note-paragraph>details of an unspecified kind of discharge tube or lamp, or</note-paragraph><note-paragraph> details mentioned in a specification as applicable to two or more kinds of tubes or lamps as defined by groups <class-ref scheme="cpc">H01J11/00</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">H01J13/00</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">H01J15/00</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">H01J17/00</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">H01J21/00</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">H01J25/00</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">H01J27/00</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">H01J31/00</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">H01J33/00</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">H01J35/00</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">H01J37/00</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">H01J40/00</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">H01J41/00</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">H01J47/00</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">H01J49/00</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">H01J61/00</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">H01J63/00</class-ref> or <class-ref scheme="cpc">H01J65/00</class-ref>, hereinafter called basic kinds. A detail only described with reference to, or clearly only applicable to, tubes or lamps of a single basic kind is classified in the detail group appropriate to tubes or lamps of that basic kind, e.g. <class-ref scheme="cpc">H01J17/04</class-ref>. </note-paragraph></subnote></note-paragraph><note-paragraph> In this subclass, the following term is used with the meaning indicated: <subnote type="bullet"><note-paragraph>"lamp" includes tubes emitting ultra-violet or infra-red light. </note-paragraph></subnote></note-paragraph><note-paragraph>Attention is drawn to the definition of the expression "spark gaps" given in the Note following the title of subclass <class-ref scheme="cpc">H01T</class-ref>.</note-paragraph><note-paragraph> Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric discharge tubes, discharge lamps, or parts thereof are classified in group <class-ref scheme="cpc">H01J9/00</class-ref>. </note-paragraph></note><note type="warning"><note-paragraph>In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.</note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-H01K.xml" sort-key="H01K" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2019-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>H01K</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2019-01-01"><title-part><text>ELECTRIC INCANDESCENT LAMPS </text><reference><text>details, apparatus or processes for manufacture applicable to both discharge devices and incandescent lamps <class-ref scheme="cpc">H01J</class-ref>; light sources using a combination of incandescent and other types of light generation <class-ref scheme="cpc">H01J61/96</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">H05B35/00</class-ref></text></reference></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings date-revised="2013-01-01"><note type="note"><note-paragraph>In this subclass, the following term is used with the meaning indicated: <subnote type="bullet"><note-paragraph>"lamp" includes tubes emitting ultra-violet or infra-red light.</note-paragraph></subnote></note-paragraph></note><note type="warning"><note-paragraph>In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.</note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-H01L.xml" sort-key="H01L" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2023-02-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>H01L</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2023-02-01"><title-part><text>SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS <class-ref scheme="cpc">H10</class-ref> </text><reference><text>use of semiconductor devices for measuring <class-ref scheme="cpc">G01</class-ref>; resistors in general <class-ref scheme="cpc">H01C</class-ref>; magnets, inductors or transformers <class-ref scheme="cpc">H01F</class-ref>; capacitors in general <class-ref scheme="cpc">H01G</class-ref>; electrolytic devices <class-ref scheme="cpc">H01G9/00</class-ref>; batteries or accumulators <class-ref scheme="cpc">H01M</class-ref>; waveguides, resonators or lines of the waveguide type <class-ref scheme="cpc">H01P</class-ref>; line connectors or current collectors <class-ref scheme="cpc">H01R</class-ref>; stimulated-emission devices <class-ref scheme="cpc">H01S</class-ref>; electromechanical resonators <class-ref scheme="cpc">H03H</class-ref>; loudspeakers, microphones, gramophone pick-ups or like acoustic electromechanical transducers <class-ref scheme="cpc">H04R</class-ref>; electric light sources in general <class-ref scheme="cpc">H05B</class-ref>; printed circuits, hybrid circuits, casings or constructional details of electrical apparatus, manufacture of assemblages of electrical components <class-ref scheme="cpc">H05K</class-ref>; use of semiconductor devices in circuits having a particular application, see the subclass for the application</text></reference></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings date-revised="2013-01-01"><note type="note"><note-paragraph>This subclass is residual to class <class-ref scheme="cpc">H10</class-ref>.</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>This subclass <u>covers</u>:<subnote type="alpha"><note-paragraph>semiconductor devices for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching; their constructional details or arrangements; their assemblies or integrated devices; their manufacture or treatment;</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>semiconductor devices sensitive to radiation; their constructional details or arrangements; their assemblies or integrated devices; their manufacture or treatment;</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>semiconductor devices for light emission; their constructional details or arrangements; their assemblies or integrated devices; their manufacture or treatment;</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>processes or apparatus for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid-state devices where the type of device is not listed under bullets a to c, above, or not essential;</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>constructional details or arrangements of semiconductor or solid-state devices not covered by class <class-ref scheme="cpc">H10</class-ref> and not specific to types of devices listed under bullets a to c, above; </note-paragraph><note-paragraph>packaging or assembling of semiconductor or solid-state devices covered by this subclass or by class <class-ref scheme="cpc">H10</class-ref>.</note-paragraph></subnote></note-paragraph><note-paragraph>In this subclass, the following terms or expressions are used with the meaning indicated:<subnote type="bullet"><note-paragraph>"wafer" means a slice of semiconductor or crystalline substrate material, which can be modified by impurity diffusion (doping), ion implantation or epitaxy, and whose active surface can be processed into arrays of discrete components or integrated circuits;</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>"solid state body" means the body of material within which, or at the surface of which, the physical effects characteristic of the device occur;</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>"electrode" is a region in or on the body of the device (other than the solid state body itself), which exerts an electrical influence on the solid state body, irrespective of whether or not an external electrical connection is made thereto. An electrode may include several portions and the term includes metallic regions which exert influence on the solid state body through an insulating region (e.g. capacitive coupling) and inductive coupling arrangements to the body. The dielectric region in a capacitive arrangement is regarded as part of the electrode. In arrangements including several portions, only those portions which exert an influence on the solid state body by virtue of their shape, size, or disposition or the material of which they are formed are considered to be part of the electrode. The other portions are considered to be "arrangements for conducting electric current to or from the solid state body" or "interconnections between solid state components formed in or on a common substrate", i.e. leads;</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>"device" means an electric circuit element; where an electric circuit element is one of a plurality of elements formed in or on a common substrate it is referred to as a "component";</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>"complete device" is a device in its fully assembled state which may or may not require further treatment, e.g. electroforming, before it is ready for use but which does not require the addition of further structural units;</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>"parts" includes all structural units which are included in a complete device;</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>"container" is an enclosure forming part of the complete device and is essentially a solid construction in which the body of the device is placed, or which is formed around the body without forming an intimate layer thereon. An enclosure which consists of one or more layers formed on the body and in intimate contact therewith is referred to as an "encapsulation";</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>"integrated circuit" is a device where all components, e.g. diodes or resistors, are built up on a common substrate and form the device including interconnections between the components;</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>"assembly" of a device is the building up of the device from its constructional units; the term covers the provision of fillings in containers.</note-paragraph></subnote></note-paragraph><note-paragraph>In this subclass, both the process or apparatus for the manufacture or treatment of a device and the device itself are classified, whenever both of these are described sufficiently to be of interest.</note-paragraph></note><note type="warning"><note-paragraph warning-type="ipc-not-used">The following IPC groups are not in the CPC scheme. The subject matter for these IPC groups is classified in the following CPC groups: <table><row><entry><class-ref scheme="ipc">H01L21/301</class-ref></entry><entry> covered by </entry><entry><class-ref scheme="cpc">H01L21/30</class-ref></entry></row><row><entry><class-ref scheme="ipc">H01L21/328</class-ref></entry><entry> covered by </entry><entry><class-ref scheme="cpc">H01L29/66075</class-ref></entry></row><row><entry><class-ref scheme="ipc">H01L21/329</class-ref></entry><entry> covered by </entry><entry><class-ref scheme="cpc">H01L29/66083</class-ref></entry></row><row><entry><class-ref scheme="ipc">H01L21/33</class-ref></entry><entry> covered by </entry><entry><class-ref scheme="cpc">H01L29/66227</class-ref></entry></row><row><entry><class-ref scheme="ipc">H01L21/331</class-ref></entry><entry> covered by </entry><entry><class-ref scheme="cpc">H01L29/66234</class-ref></entry></row><row><entry><class-ref scheme="ipc">H01L21/332</class-ref></entry><entry> covered by </entry><entry><class-ref scheme="cpc">H01L29/66363</class-ref></entry></row><row><entry><class-ref scheme="ipc">H01L21/334</class-ref></entry><entry> covered by </entry><entry><class-ref scheme="cpc">H01L29/66075</class-ref></entry></row><row><entry><class-ref scheme="ipc">H01L21/335</class-ref></entry><entry> covered by </entry><entry><class-ref scheme="cpc">H01L29/66409</class-ref></entry></row><row><entry><class-ref scheme="ipc">H01L21/336</class-ref></entry><entry> covered by </entry><entry><class-ref scheme="cpc">H01L29/66477</class-ref></entry></row><row><entry><class-ref scheme="ipc">H01L21/337</class-ref></entry><entry> covered by </entry><entry><class-ref scheme="cpc">H01L29/66893</class-ref></entry></row><row><entry><class-ref scheme="ipc">H01L21/338</class-ref></entry><entry> covered by </entry><entry><class-ref scheme="cpc">H01L29/66848</class-ref></entry></row><row><entry><class-ref scheme="ipc">H01L21/339</class-ref></entry><entry> covered by </entry><entry><class-ref scheme="cpc">H01L29/66946</class-ref></entry></row><row><entry><class-ref scheme="ipc">H01L21/36</class-ref>-<class-ref scheme="ipc">H01L21/368</class-ref></entry><entry> covered by </entry><entry> <class-ref scheme="cpc">H01L21/02107</class-ref> </entry></row><row><entry><class-ref scheme="ipc">H01L21/58</class-ref></entry><entry> covered by </entry><entry><class-ref scheme="cpc">H01L24/80</class-ref></entry></row><row><entry><class-ref scheme="ipc">H01L21/66</class-ref></entry><entry> covered by </entry><entry><class-ref scheme="cpc">H01L22/00</class-ref></entry></row><row><entry><class-ref scheme="ipc">H01L21/98</class-ref></entry><entry> covered by </entry><entry><class-ref scheme="cpc">H01L25/50</class-ref></entry></row><row><entry><class-ref scheme="ipc">H01L29/38</class-ref></entry><entry> covered by </entry><entry><class-ref scheme="cpc">H01L29/04</class-ref>-<class-ref scheme="cpc">H01L29/365</class-ref></entry></row><row><entry><class-ref scheme="ipc">H01L29/96</class-ref></entry><entry> covered by </entry><entry><class-ref scheme="cpc">H01L29/68</class-ref>-<class-ref scheme="cpc">H01L29/945</class-ref></entry></row></table></note-paragraph><note-paragraph><CPC-specific-note>In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.</CPC-specific-note></note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-H01M.xml" sort-key="H01M" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2019-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>H01M</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2019-01-01"><title-part><text>PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY</text></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings date-revised="2013-01-01"><note type="note"><note-paragraph>This subclass <u>covers</u> galvanic primary or secondary cells or batteries, fuel cells or stacks.</note-paragraph></note><note type="warning"><note-paragraph>In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.</note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-H01P.xml" sort-key="H01P" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2021-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>H01P</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2021-01-01"><title-part><text>WAVEGUIDES</text></title-part><title-part><text>RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE </text><reference><text>operating at optical frequencies <class-ref scheme="cpc">G02B</class-ref></text></reference></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings date-revised="2013-01-01"><note type="note"><note-paragraph>In this subclass, the following expression is used with the meaning indicated : <subnote type="bullet"><note-paragraph>"waveguide type" as applied to transmission lines includes only high-frequency coaxial cables or Lecher lines, and as applied to resonators, delay lines, or other devices includes all devices having distributed inductance and capacitance.</note-paragraph></subnote></note-paragraph></note><note type="warning"><note-paragraph>In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.</note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-H01Q.xml" sort-key="H01Q" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2018-08-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>H01Q</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2018-05-01"><title-part><text>ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS </text><reference><text>radiators or antennas for microwave heating <class-ref scheme="cpc">H05B6/72</class-ref></text></reference></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings date-revised="2013-01-01"><note type="note"><note-paragraph> This subclass <u>covers</u>: <subnote type="bullet"><note-paragraph> in addition to the primary active radiating elements, <subnote type="roman"><note-paragraph> secondary devices for absorbing or for modifying the direction or polarisation of waves radiated from antennas, and </note-paragraph><note-paragraph> combinations with auxiliary devices such as earthing switches, lead-in devices, and lightning protectors; </note-paragraph></subnote></note-paragraph><note-paragraph> both transmitting and receiving antennas. </note-paragraph></subnote></note-paragraph><note-paragraph> This subclass <u>does not cover</u> devices of the waveguide type, such as resonators or lines, not designed as radiating elements, which are covered by subclass <class-ref scheme="cpc">H01P</class-ref>. </note-paragraph><note-paragraph> In this subclass, the following expression is used with the meaning indicated: <subnote type="bullet"><note-paragraph> "active radiating element" covers corresponding parts of a receiving antenna.</note-paragraph></subnote></note-paragraph></note><note type="warning"><note-paragraph>In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.</note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-H01R.xml" sort-key="H01R" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2022-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>H01R</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2019-02-01"><title-part><text>ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS</text></title-part><title-part><text>STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS</text></title-part><title-part><text>COUPLING DEVICES</text></title-part><title-part><text>CURRENT COLLECTORS</text></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings date-revised="2013-01-01"><note type="note"><note-paragraph>This subclass <u>covers</u>:<subnote type="bullet"><note-paragraph>all kinds of contact-making disconnectable and non-disconnectable electric line connecting devices, coupling devices, lamp or similar holders or current collectors for all kinds of electric lines, cables or apparatus;</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>non-printed means for electric connections to or between printed circuits.</note-paragraph></subnote></note-paragraph><note-paragraph> This subclass <u>does not cover</u> mounting of connections in or on specified apparatus. Such mounting is covered by the relevant subclass for such apparatus, e.g. mounting in junction or distribution boxes is covered by subclass <class-ref scheme="cpc">H02B</class-ref> or <class-ref scheme="cpc">H02G</class-ref>, high-temperature connections for heating elements is covered by group <class-ref scheme="cpc">H05B3/08</class-ref>. Structural association of one part of a coupling device with specific electric apparatus is classified with the apparatus, e.g. association of cap with incandescent lamp is covered by subclass <class-ref scheme="cpc">H01K</class-ref>.</note-paragraph><note-paragraph> In this subclass, the following expressions are used with the meaning indicated: <subnote type="bullet"><note-paragraph> "pin" is a rigid or flexible conductor for engagement with an appropriately shaped socket to establish contact therewith; </note-paragraph><note-paragraph> "socket" is a rigid or flexible conductor for receiving an appropriate pin to establish electrical contact therewith; </note-paragraph><note-paragraph> "coupling devices" are devices having two or more parts specially adapted so as to be capable of ready and repeated physical engagement or disengagement, without the use of a tool, for the purpose of establishing or breaking an electrical path. Examples of such devices having more than two parts: <subnote type="alpha"><note-paragraph> adapters for linking two coupling parts; </note-paragraph><note-paragraph> rails or bus-bars provided with a plurality of discrete connecting locations for counterparts.   </note-paragraph></subnote></note-paragraph></subnote></note-paragraph><note-paragraph>General details are classified in groups <class-ref scheme="cpc">H01R4/00</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">H01R9/00</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">H01R11/00</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">H01R12/00</class-ref>.</note-paragraph><note-paragraph><CPC-specific-note>In this subclass, a contact in a coupling device is regarded as an additional earth contact only if this contact is clearly designed for that purpose.</CPC-specific-note> </note-paragraph></note><note type="warning"><note-paragraph>In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.</note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-H01S.xml" sort-key="H01S" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2023-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>H01S</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2019-01-01"><title-part><text>DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT</text></title-part><title-part><text>DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL</text></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings date-revised="2013-01-01"><note type="note"><note-paragraph> This subclass <u>covers</u>: <subnote type="alpha"><note-paragraph>devices using the stimulated emission of radiation by excited atoms or molecules to amplify or generate coherent monochromatic electromagnetic radiation;</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>functions as modulating, demodulating, controlling or stabilising such coherent monochromatic electromagnetic radiation.</note-paragraph></subnote></note-paragraph></note><note type="warning"><note-paragraph>In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.</note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-H01T.xml" sort-key="H01T" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2016-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>H01T</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2016-01-01"><title-part><text>SPARK GAPS</text></title-part><title-part><text>OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS</text></title-part><title-part><text>SPARKING PLUGS</text></title-part><title-part><text>CORONA DEVICES</text></title-part><title-part><text>GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES </text><reference><text>overvoltage protection circuits <class-ref scheme="cpc">H02H</class-ref></text></reference></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings date-revised="2013-01-01"><note type="note"><note-paragraph>In this subclass, the term "spark gaps" is used with the following meaning: <subnote type="bullet"><note-paragraph>enclosed or non-enclosed discharge device having cold electrodes and used exclusively to discharge a quantity of electrical energy in a small time duration.</note-paragraph></subnote></note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="4" additional-only="false" sort-key="H02" date-revised="2013-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>H02</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>GENERATION</text></title-part><title-part><text>CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER</text></title-part></class-title>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-H02B.xml" sort-key="H02B" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2023-02-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>H02B</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2023-02-01"><title-part><text>BOARDS, SUBSTATIONS OR SWITCHING ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE SUPPLY OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER</text></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings date-revised="2013-01-01"><note type="note"><note-paragraph>This subclass <u>covers</u> boards, switchyards, switchgear or their installation, or the association of switching devices with each other or with other devices, e.g. transformers, fuses, meters or distribution boards; such associations constitute substations or distribution points.</note-paragraph></note><note type="warning"><note-paragraph><CPC-specific-note>In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.</CPC-specific-note></note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-H02G.xml" sort-key="H02G" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2023-02-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>H02G</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2023-02-01"><title-part><text>INSTALLATION OF ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES, OR OF COMBINED OPTICAL AND ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES</text></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings date-revised="2013-01-01"><note type="note"><note-paragraph>This subclass <u>covers</u> installation of communication cables or lines, including those comprising a combination of optical and electrical conductors, or of lightning conductors as well as installation of power cables or lines. </note-paragraph><note-paragraph>This subclass <u>does not cover</u> installation of purely optical cables, which is covered by groups <CPC-specific-note><class-ref scheme="cpc">G02B6/4401</class-ref></CPC-specific-note> , <class-ref scheme="cpc">G02B6/46</class-ref>. </note-paragraph><note-paragraph>In this subclass, the following expression is used with the meaning indicated: <subnote type="bullet"><note-paragraph>"electric cable" includes cables comprising optical conductors, e.g. fibres, in combination with electrical conductors. </note-paragraph></subnote></note-paragraph><note-paragraph> In this subclass it is desirable to add indexing codes of group <class-ref scheme="cpc">H02G2200/00</class-ref> whenever appropriate </note-paragraph></note><note type="warning"><note-paragraph>In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.</note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-H02H.xml" sort-key="H02H" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2018-08-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>H02H</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS </text><reference><text>indicating or signalling undesired working conditions <class-ref scheme="cpc">G01R</class-ref>, e.g. <class-ref scheme="cpc">G01R31/00</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">G08B</class-ref>; locating faults along lines <class-ref scheme="cpc">G01R31/08</class-ref>; emergency protective devices <class-ref scheme="cpc">H01H</class-ref></text></reference></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings date-revised="2013-01-01"><note type="note"><note-paragraph>This subclass <u>covers</u> only circuit arrangements for the automatic protection of electric lines or electric machines or apparatus in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions</note-paragraph></note><note type="warning"><note-paragraph>In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.</note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-H02J.xml" sort-key="H02J" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2019-08-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>H02J</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2019-02-01"><title-part><text>CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER</text></title-part><title-part><text>SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY</text></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings date-revised="2013-01-01"><note type="note"><note-paragraph>This subclass <u>covers</u>: <subnote type="bullet"><note-paragraph>ac or dc mains or distribution networks; </note-paragraph><note-paragraph>circuit arrangements for battery supplies, including charging or control thereof, or coordinated supply from two or more sources of any kind;</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power.</note-paragraph></subnote></note-paragraph><note-paragraph>This subclass <u>does not cover</u>: <subnote type="bullet"><note-paragraph>control of a single motor, generator or dynamo-electric converter, of the types covered by subclass <class-ref scheme="cpc">H01F</class-ref> or <class-ref scheme="cpc">H02K</class-ref>, which is covered by subclass <class-ref scheme="cpc">H02P</class-ref>;</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>control of a single motor or generator, of the types covered by subclass <class-ref scheme="cpc">H02N</class-ref>, which is covered by that subclass.</note-paragraph></subnote></note-paragraph></note><note type="warning"><note-paragraph>In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.</note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-H02K.xml" sort-key="H02K" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2022-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>H02K</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2016-11-01"><title-part><text>DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES </text><reference><text>dynamo-electric relays <class-ref scheme="cpc">H01H53/00</class-ref>; conversion of DC or AC input power into surge output power </text><CPC-specific-text><text><class-ref scheme="cpc">H03K3/53</class-ref></text></CPC-specific-text></reference></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings date-revised="2013-01-01"><note type="note"><note-paragraph>This subclass <u>covers</u> the structural adaptation of dynamo-electric machines for the purpose of their control.</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>This subclass <u>does not cover</u> starting, regulating, electronically commutating, braking, or otherwise controlling motors, generators or dynamo-electric converters, in general, which is covered by subclass <class-ref scheme="cpc">H02P</class-ref>.</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>Attention is drawn to the Notes following the titles of class <class-ref scheme="cpc">B81</class-ref> and subclass <class-ref scheme="cpc">B81B</class-ref> relating to "microstructural devices" and "microstructural systems".</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>Group <class-ref scheme="cpc">H02K16/00</class-ref> takes precedence over groups <class-ref scheme="cpc">H02K17/00</class-ref> - <class-ref scheme="cpc">H02K53/00</class-ref>.<br/><CPC-specific-note>This Note corresponds to IPC Note (1) relating to <class-ref scheme="cpc">H02K17/00</class-ref> - <class-ref scheme="cpc">H02K53/00</class-ref>.</CPC-specific-note></note-paragraph><note-paragraph><CPC-specific-note>In this subclass, it is desirable to add the indexing codes of <class-ref scheme="cpc">H02K2201/00</class-ref>-<class-ref scheme="cpc">H02K2213/12</class-ref>.</CPC-specific-note></note-paragraph></note><note type="warning"><note-paragraph>In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.</note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-H02M.xml" sort-key="H02M" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2023-02-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>H02M</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2021-02-01"><title-part><text>APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS</text></title-part><title-part><text>CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER</text></title-part><title-part><text>CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF </text><reference><text>transformers <class-ref scheme="cpc">H01F</class-ref>; dynamo-electric converters <class-ref scheme="cpc">H02K47/00</class-ref>; controlling transformers, reactors or choke coils, control or regulation of electric motors, generators or dynamo-electric converters <class-ref scheme="cpc">H02P</class-ref></text></reference></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings date-revised="2013-01-01"><note type="note"><note-paragraph>This subclass <u>covers</u> only circuits or apparatus for the conversion of electric power, or arrangements for control or regulation of such circuits or apparatus. The electrotechnical elements employed are dealt within the appropriate subclasses, e.g. inductors, transformers <class-ref scheme="cpc">H01F</class-ref>, capacitors, electrolytic rectifiers <class-ref scheme="cpc">H01G</class-ref>, mercury rectifying or other discharge tubes <class-ref scheme="cpc">H01J</class-ref>, semiconductor devices <class-ref scheme="cpc">H01L</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">H10</class-ref> impedance networks or resonant circuit not primarily concerned with the transfer of electric power <class-ref scheme="cpc">H03H</class-ref>.</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>In this subclass, the following term is used with the meaning indicated: <subnote type="bullet"><note-paragraph>"conversion", in respect of an electric variable, e.g. voltage or current, means the change of one or more of the parameters of the variable, e.g. amplitude, frequency, phase, polarity.</note-paragraph></subnote></note-paragraph></note><note type="warning"><note-paragraph warning-type="ipc-not-used"><br/>The following IPC groups are not in the CPC scheme. The subject matter for these IPC groups is classified in the following CPC groups: <table><row><entry><class-ref scheme="ipc">H02M9/00</class-ref></entry><entry> covered by </entry><entry><class-ref scheme="cpc">H03K3/53</class-ref></entry></row><row><entry><class-ref scheme="ipc">H02M9/02</class-ref></entry><entry> covered by </entry><entry><class-ref scheme="cpc">H03K3/53</class-ref></entry></row><row><entry><class-ref scheme="ipc">H02M9/04</class-ref></entry><entry> covered by </entry><entry><class-ref scheme="cpc">H03K3/53</class-ref></entry></row><row><entry><class-ref scheme="ipc">H02M9/06</class-ref></entry><entry> covered by </entry><entry><class-ref scheme="cpc">H03K3/53</class-ref></entry></row></table></note-paragraph><note-paragraph>In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.</note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-H02N.xml" sort-key="H02N" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2023-02-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>H02N</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR</text></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings date-revised="2013-01-01"><note type="note"><note-paragraph>This subclass <u>covers</u>: <subnote type="bullet"><note-paragraph>electrostatic generators, motors, clutches, or holding devices; </note-paragraph><note-paragraph>other non-dynamo-electric generators or motors; </note-paragraph><note-paragraph>holding or levitation devices using magnetic attraction or repulsion; </note-paragraph><note-paragraph>arrangements for starting, regulating, braking, or otherwise controlling such machines unless in conjoint operation with a second machine.</note-paragraph></subnote></note-paragraph><note-paragraph>Specific provision for generators, motors, or other means for converting between electric and other forms of energy also exists in other subclasses, e.g. in class <class-ref scheme="cpc">H10</class-ref> and subclasses <class-ref scheme="cpc">H01L</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">H01M</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">H02K</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">H04R</class-ref>.</note-paragraph></note><note type="warning"><note-paragraph>In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.</note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-H02P.xml" sort-key="H02P" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2018-08-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>H02P</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS</text></title-part><title-part><text>CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS</text></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings date-revised="2013-01-01"><note type="note"><note-paragraph>This subclass <u>covers</u> arrangements for starting, regulating, electronically commutating, braking, or otherwise controlling motors, generators, dynamo-electric converters, clutches, brakes, gears, transformers, reactors or choke coils, of the types classified in the relevant subclasses, e.g. <class-ref scheme="cpc">H01F</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">H02K</class-ref>.</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>This subclass <u>does not cover</u> similar arrangements for the apparatus of the types classified in subclass <class-ref scheme="cpc">H02N</class-ref>, which arrangements are covered by that subclass.</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>In this subclass, the following terms or expressions are used with the meanings indicated:<subnote type="bullet"><note-paragraph>"control" means influencing a variable in any way, e.g. changing its direction or its value (including changing it to or from zero), maintaining it constant or limiting its range of variation; </note-paragraph><note-paragraph>"regulation" means maintaining a variable at a desired value, or within a desired range of values, by comparison of the actual value with the desired value.</note-paragraph></subnote></note-paragraph><note-paragraph>In this subclass, it is desirable to add the indexing codes of groups <class-ref scheme="cpc">H02P2101/00</class-ref> and <class-ref scheme="cpc">H02P2103/00</class-ref></note-paragraph></note><note type="warning"><note-paragraph>In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.</note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-H02S.xml" sort-key="H02S" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2023-02-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>H02S</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2023-02-01"><title-part><text>GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRA-RED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES </text><reference><text>obtaining electrical energy from radioactive sources <class-ref scheme="cpc">G21H1/12</class-ref>; light sensitive inorganic semiconductor devices <class-ref scheme="cpc">H01L31/00</class-ref>; light sensitive organic semiconductor devices <class-ref scheme="cpc">H10K30/00</class-ref>; thermoelectric devices <class-ref scheme="cpc">H10N10/00</class-ref>; pyroelectric devices <class-ref scheme="cpc">H10N15/00</class-ref></text></reference></title-part></class-title></classification-item></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="4" additional-only="false" sort-key="H03" date-revised="2023-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>H03</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2023-01-01"><title-part><text>ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY</text></title-part></class-title>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-H03B.xml" sort-key="H03B" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2018-08-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>H03B</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>GENERATION OF OSCILLATIONS, DIRECTLY OR BY FREQUENCY-CHANGING, BY CIRCUITS EMPLOYING ACTIVE ELEMENTS WHICH OPERATE IN A NON-SWITCHING MANNER</text></title-part><title-part><text>GENERATION OF NOISE BY SUCH CIRCUITS </text><reference><text>measuring, testing <class-ref scheme="cpc">G01R</class-ref>; generators adapted for electrophonic musical instruments <class-ref scheme="cpc">G10H</class-ref>; Speech synthesis <class-ref scheme="cpc">G10L</class-ref>; masers, lasers <class-ref scheme="cpc">H01S</class-ref>; dynamo-electric machines <class-ref scheme="cpc">H02K</class-ref>; power inverter circuits <class-ref scheme="cpc">H02M</class-ref>; by using pulse techniques <class-ref scheme="cpc">H03K</class-ref>; automatic control of generators <class-ref scheme="cpc">H03L</class-ref>; starting, synchronisation or stabilisation of generators where the type of generator is irrelevant or unspecified <class-ref scheme="cpc">H03L</class-ref>; generation of oscillations in plasma <class-ref scheme="cpc">H05H</class-ref></text></reference></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings><note type="warning"><note-paragraph>In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.</note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-H03C.xml" sort-key="H03C" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2022-05-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>H03C</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2022-05-01"><title-part><text>MODULATION </text><reference><text>masers or lasers <class-ref scheme="cpc">H01S</class-ref>; coding, decoding or code conversion <class-ref scheme="cpc">H03M</class-ref></text></reference></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings date-revised="2013-01-01"><note type="note"><note-paragraph>This subclass <u>covers</u> only modulation, keying, or interruption of sinusoidal oscillations or electromagnetic waves, the modulating signal having any desired waveform.</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>In this subclass, circuits usable both as modulator and demodulator are classified in the group dealing with the type of modulator involved.</note-paragraph></note><note type="warning"><note-paragraph warning-type="ipc-not-used">The following IPC groups are not in the CPC scheme. The subject matter for these IPC groups is classified in the following CPC groups: <table><row><entry><class-ref scheme="ipc">H03C1/38</class-ref> - <class-ref scheme="ipc">H03C1/44</class-ref></entry><entry> covered by </entry><entry><class-ref scheme="cpc">H03C1/36</class-ref></entry></row></table></note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-H03D.xml" sort-key="H03D" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2020-05-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>H03D</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>DEMODULATION OR TRANSFERENCE OF MODULATION FROM ONE CARRIER TO ANOTHER </text><reference><text>masers, lasers <class-ref scheme="cpc">H01S</class-ref>; circuits capable of acting both as modulator and demodulator <class-ref scheme="cpc">H03C</class-ref>; details applicable to both modulators and frequency-changers <class-ref scheme="cpc">H03C</class-ref>; demodulating pulses <class-ref scheme="cpc">H03K9/00</class-ref>; transforming types of pulse modulation <class-ref scheme="cpc">H03K11/00</class-ref>; coding, decoding or code conversion, in general <class-ref scheme="cpc">H03M</class-ref>; repeater stations <class-ref scheme="cpc">H04B7/14</class-ref>; demodulators adapted for ac systems of digital information transmission <class-ref scheme="cpc">H04L27/00</class-ref>; synchronous demodulators adapted for colour television <class-ref scheme="cpc">H04N9/66</class-ref></text></reference></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings date-revised="2013-01-01"><note type="note"><note-paragraph>This subclass <u>covers</u> only: <subnote type="bullet"><note-paragraph>demodulation or transference of signals modulated on a sinusoidal carrier or on electromagnetic waves; </note-paragraph><note-paragraph>comparing phase or frequency of two mutually-independent oscillations.</note-paragraph></subnote></note-paragraph></note><note type="warning"><note-paragraph>In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.</note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-H03F.xml" sort-key="H03F" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2018-08-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>H03F</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>AMPLIFIERS </text><reference><text>measuring, testing <class-ref scheme="cpc">G01R</class-ref>; optical parametric amplifiers <class-ref scheme="cpc">G02F</class-ref>; circuit arrangement with secondary emission tubes <class-ref scheme="cpc">H01J43/30</class-ref>; masers, lasers <class-ref scheme="cpc">H01S</class-ref>; control of amplification <class-ref scheme="cpc">H03G</class-ref>; coupling arrangements independent of the nature of the amplifiers, voltage dividers <class-ref scheme="cpc">H03H</class-ref>; amplifiers capable only of dealing with pulses <class-ref scheme="cpc">H03K</class-ref>; repeater circuits in transmission lines <class-ref scheme="cpc">H04B3/36</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">H04B3/58</class-ref>; application of speech amplifiers in telephonic communication <class-ref scheme="cpc">H04M1/60</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">H04M3/40</class-ref></text></reference></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings date-revised="2013-01-01"><note type="note"><note-paragraph>This subclass <u>covers</u>: <subnote type="bullet"><note-paragraph>linear amplification, there being linear relationship between the amplitudes of input and output, and the output having substantially the same waveform as the input; </note-paragraph><note-paragraph>dielectric amplifiers, magnetic amplifiers, and parametric amplifiers when used as oscillators or frequency-changers; </note-paragraph><note-paragraph>constructions of active elements of dielectric amplifiers and parametric amplifiers if no provision exists elsewhere.</note-paragraph></subnote></note-paragraph></note><note type="warning"><note-paragraph warning-type="ipc-not-used">The following IPC groups are not in the CPC scheme. The subject matter for these IPC groups is classified in the following CPC groups: <table><row><entry><class-ref scheme="ipc">H03F1/44</class-ref></entry><entry> covered by </entry><entry><class-ref scheme="cpc">H03F1/42</class-ref></entry></row><row><entry><class-ref scheme="ipc">H03F1/46</class-ref></entry><entry> covered by </entry><entry><class-ref scheme="cpc">H03F1/42</class-ref></entry></row><row><entry><class-ref scheme="ipc">H03F3/18</class-ref></entry><entry> covered by </entry><entry><class-ref scheme="cpc">H03F3/00</class-ref></entry></row><row><entry><class-ref scheme="ipc">H03F3/32</class-ref></entry><entry> covered by </entry><entry><class-ref scheme="cpc">H03F3/30</class-ref></entry></row><row><entry><class-ref scheme="ipc">H03F7/06</class-ref></entry><entry> covered by </entry><entry><class-ref scheme="cpc">H03F7/00</class-ref></entry></row></table></note-paragraph><note-paragraph>In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.</note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-H03G.xml" sort-key="H03G" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2018-08-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>H03G</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>CONTROL OF AMPLIFICATION </text><reference><text>impedance networks, e.g. attenuators, <class-ref scheme="cpc">H03H</class-ref>; control of transmission in lines <class-ref scheme="cpc">H04B3/04</class-ref></text></reference></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings date-revised="2013-01-01"><note type="note"><note-paragraph> This subclass <u>covers</u>: <subnote type="bullet"><note-paragraph>control of gain of amplifiers or frequency-changers, </note-paragraph><note-paragraph>control of frequency range of amplifiers, </note-paragraph><note-paragraph>limiting amplitude or rate of change of amplitude </note-paragraph></subnote></note-paragraph><note-paragraph>Attention is drawn to the Note following the title of subclass <class-ref scheme="cpc">H03F</class-ref>.</note-paragraph></note><note type="warning"><note-paragraph>In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.</note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-H03H.xml" sort-key="H03H" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2018-08-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>H03H</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>IMPEDANCE NETWORKS, e.g. RESONANT CIRCUITS</text></title-part><title-part><text>RESONATORS </text><reference><text>measuring, testing <class-ref scheme="cpc">G01R</class-ref>; arrangements for producing a reverberation or echo sound <class-ref scheme="cpc">G10K15/08</class-ref>; impedance networks or resonators consisting of distributed impedances, e.g. of the waveguide type, <class-ref scheme="cpc">H01P</class-ref>; control of amplification, e.g. bandwidth control of amplifiers, <class-ref scheme="cpc">H03G</class-ref>; tuning resonant circuits, e.g. tuning coupled resonant circuits, <class-ref scheme="cpc">H03J</class-ref>; networks for modifying the frequency characteristics of communication systems <class-ref scheme="cpc">H04B</class-ref></text></reference></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings date-revised="2013-01-01"><note type="note"><note-paragraph> This subclass <u>covers</u> : <subnote type="bullet"><note-paragraph>networks comprising lumped impedance elements;</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>networks comprising distributed impedance elements together with lumped impedance elements;</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>networks comprising electromechanical or electro-acoustic elements;</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>networks simulating reactances and comprising discharge tubes or semiconductor devices;</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>constructions of electromechanical resonators.</note-paragraph></subnote></note-paragraph><note-paragraph> In this subclass, the following expression is used with the meaning indicated: <subnote><note-paragraph>"passive elements" means resistors, capacitors, inductors, mutual inductors or diodes.</note-paragraph></subnote></note-paragraph><note-paragraph>Attention is drawn to the Notes following the titles of class <class-ref scheme="cpc">B81</class-ref> and subclass <class-ref scheme="cpc">B81B</class-ref> relating to "microstructural devices" and "microstructural systems".</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>In this subclass, main groups with a higher number take precedence.</note-paragraph></note><note type="warning"><note-paragraph>In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.</note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-H03J.xml" sort-key="H03J" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2023-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>H03J</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2023-01-01"><title-part><text>TUNING RESONANT CIRCUITS</text></title-part><title-part><text>SELECTING RESONANT CIRCUITS</text></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings date-revised="2013-01-01"><note type="note"><note-paragraph>This subclass <u>covers</u> also the control of tuning, including the combined control of tuning and other functions, e.g. combinations of tuning control and volume control, combinations of control of local oscillator and of supplementary resonant circuits.</note-paragraph></note><note type="warning"><note-paragraph><CPC-specific-note>In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.</CPC-specific-note></note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-H03K.xml" sort-key="H03K" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2022-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>H03K</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2020-01-01"><title-part><text>PULSE TECHNIQUE </text><reference><text>measuring pulse characteristics <class-ref scheme="cpc">G01R</class-ref>; modulating sinusoidal oscillations with pulses <class-ref scheme="cpc">H03C</class-ref>; transmission of digital information <class-ref scheme="cpc">H04L</class-ref>; discriminator circuits detecting phase difference between two signals by counting or integrating cycles of oscillation <class-ref scheme="cpc">H03D3/04</class-ref>; automatic control, starting, synchronisation or stabilisation of generators of electronic oscillations or pulses where the type of generator is irrelevant or unspecified <class-ref scheme="cpc">H03L</class-ref>; coding, decoding or code conversion, in general <class-ref scheme="cpc">H03M</class-ref></text></reference></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings date-revised="2013-01-01"><note type="note"><note-paragraph>This subclass <u>covers</u>:<subnote type="bullet"><note-paragraph>methods, circuits, devices or apparatus using active elements operating in a discontinuous or switching manner for generating, counting, amplifying, shaping, modulating, demodulating or otherwise manipulating signals; </note-paragraph><note-paragraph>electronic switching not involving contact-making and braking; </note-paragraph><note-paragraph>logic circuits handling electric pulses.</note-paragraph></subnote></note-paragraph><note-paragraph>In this subclass, the following expression is used with the meaning indicated: <subnote type="bullet"><note-paragraph>"active element" exercises control over the conversion of input energy into an oscillation or a discontinuous flow of energy.</note-paragraph></subnote></note-paragraph><note-paragraph>In this subclass, where the claims of a patent document are not limited to a specific circuit element, the document is classified at least according to the elements used in the described embodiment.</note-paragraph></note><note type="warning"><note-paragraph warning-type="ipc-not-used">The following IPC groups are not in the CPC scheme. The subject matter for these IPC groups is classified in the following CPC groups: <table><row><entry><class-ref scheme="ipc">H03K17/695</class-ref></entry><entry> covered by </entry><entry><class-ref scheme="cpc">H03K17/687</class-ref></entry></row></table></note-paragraph><note-paragraph>In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.</note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-H03L.xml" sort-key="H03L" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2018-08-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>H03L</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>AUTOMATIC CONTROL, STARTING, SYNCHRONISATION, OR STABILISATION OF GENERATORS OF ELECTRONIC OSCILLATIONS OR PULSES </text><reference><text>of dynamo-electric generators <class-ref scheme="cpc">H02P</class-ref></text></reference></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings date-revised="2013-01-01"><note type="note"><note-paragraph>This subclass <u>covers</u>: <subnote type="bullet"><note-paragraph>automatic control circuits for generators of electronic oscillations or pulses; </note-paragraph><note-paragraph>starting, synchronisation, or stabilisation circuits for generators where the type of generator is irrelevant or unspecified.</note-paragraph></subnote></note-paragraph><note-paragraph>This subclass <u>does not cover</u> stabilisation or starting circuits specially adapted to only one specific type of generator, which are covered by subclasses <class-ref scheme="cpc">H03B</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">H03K</class-ref>.</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>In this subclass, the following expression is used with the meaning indicated: <subnote type="bullet"><note-paragraph>"automatic control" covers only closed loop systems.</note-paragraph></subnote></note-paragraph></note><note type="warning"><note-paragraph>In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.</note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-H03M.xml" sort-key="H03M" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2019-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>H03M</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>CODING</text></title-part><title-part><text>DECODING</text></title-part><title-part><text>CODE CONVERSION IN GENERAL </text><reference><text>using fluidic means <class-ref scheme="cpc">F15C4/00</class-ref>; optical analogue/digital converters <class-ref scheme="cpc">G02F7/00</class-ref>; coding, decoding or code conversion, specially adapted for particular applications, <u>see</u> the relevant subclasses, e.g. <class-ref scheme="cpc">G01D</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">G01R</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">G06F</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">G06T</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">G09G</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">G10L</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">G11B</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">G11C</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">H04B</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">H04L</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">H04M</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">H04N</class-ref>; ciphering or deciphering for cryptography or other purposes involving the need for secrecy <class-ref scheme="cpc">G09C</class-ref></text></reference></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings date-revised="2013-01-01"><note type="warning"><note-paragraph warning-type="ipc-not-used">The following IPC groups are not in the CPC scheme. The subject matter for these IPC groups is classified in the following CPC groups: <table><row><entry><class-ref scheme="ipc">H03M7/32</class-ref></entry><entry> covered by </entry><entry> <class-ref scheme="cpc">H03M7/3002</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">H03M7/3004</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">H03M7/3006</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">H03M7/3008</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">H03M7/3011</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">H03M7/3013</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">H03M7/3015</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">H03M7/3017</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">H03M7/302</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">H03M7/3024</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">H03M7/3028</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">H03M7/3031</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">H03M7/3033</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">H03M7/3035</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">H03M7/3037</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">H03M7/304</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">H03M7/3042</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">H03M7/3048</class-ref></entry></row><row><entry><class-ref scheme="ipc">H03M7/34</class-ref></entry><entry> covered by </entry><entry><class-ref scheme="cpc">H03M7/3051</class-ref></entry></row><row><entry><class-ref scheme="ipc">H03M7/36</class-ref></entry><entry> covered by </entry><entry> <class-ref scheme="cpc">H03M7/3022</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">H03M7/3026</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">H03M7/3044</class-ref></entry></row><row><entry><class-ref scheme="ipc">H03M7/38</class-ref></entry><entry> covered by </entry><entry><class-ref scheme="cpc">H03M7/3046</class-ref></entry></row><row><entry><class-ref scheme="ipc">H03M7/44</class-ref></entry><entry> covered by </entry><entry><class-ref scheme="cpc">H03M7/40</class-ref></entry></row></table></note-paragraph><note-paragraph>In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.</note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="4" additional-only="false" sort-key="H04" date-revised="2013-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>H04</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE</text></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings><note type="note"><note-paragraph>This class <u>covers</u> electrical communication systems with propagation paths employing light (optical communication), infra-red, ultrasonic, sonic, or infrasonic waves.</note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-H04B.xml" sort-key="H04B" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2020-08-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>H04B</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2020-08-01"><title-part><text>TRANSMISSION</text></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings date-revised="2013-01-01"><note type="note"><note-paragraph>This subclass <u>covers</u> the transmission of information-carrying signals, the transmission being independent of the nature of the information, and includes monitoring and testing arrangements and the suppression and limitation of noise and interference.</note-paragraph></note><note type="warning"><note-paragraph>In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.</note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-H04H.xml" sort-key="H04H" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2021-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>H04H</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>BROADCAST COMMUNICATION </text><reference><text>multiplex communication <class-ref scheme="cpc">H04J</class-ref>; pictorial communication aspects of broadcast systems <class-ref scheme="cpc">H04N</class-ref></text></reference></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings date-revised="2013-01-01"><note type="note"><note-paragraph>In this subclass, the following terms or expressions are used with the meaning indicated:<subnote type="bullet"><note-paragraph>"broadcast" is simultaneous distribution of identical signals to plural receiving stations. The term "broadcast" does not include distribution to receiving stations which is controlled by requests or responses from the receiving stations;</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>"broadcast information" covers all kinds of information distributed by broadcast systems;</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>"broadcast-related information" is information required by services provided via broadcast systems, other than broadcast information;</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>"broadcast time" is a time when particular broadcast information exists and is available;</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>"broadcast channel" is a channel via which broadcast information is distributed, e.g. carrier waves, time slots, cables or wireless broadcast service areas;</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>"broadcast space" is either a set of broadcast channels in which particular broadcast information exists and is available or a geographical area determined by the set of broadcast channels;</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>"broadcast space-time" is space-time determined by broadcast space and broadcast time in which particular broadcast information exists and is available;</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>"broadcast system" is a system which consists of transmitter, transponder and receiver for broadcast;</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>"broadcast-related system" is a system which is directly affected by generation, broadcast, reception or use of broadcast information;</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>"broadcast service" is a service directly provided by a broadcast system, i.e. distribution service of broadcast information;</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>"broadcast-related service" is a service provided by broadcast-related systems;</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>"A with a direct linkage to B" means that A directly affects B or that A is directly affected by B.</note-paragraph></subnote></note-paragraph></note><note type="warning"><note-paragraph>In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.</note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-H04J.xml" sort-key="H04J" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2018-08-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>H04J</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION </text><reference><text>transmission in general <class-ref scheme="cpc">H04B</class-ref>; peculiar to transmission of digital information <class-ref scheme="cpc">H04L5/00</class-ref>; systems for the simultaneous or sequential transmission of more than one television signal <class-ref scheme="cpc">H04N7/08</class-ref>; in exchanges <class-ref scheme="cpc">H04Q11/00</class-ref>; stereophonic systems <class-ref scheme="cpc">H04S</class-ref></text></reference></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings date-revised="2013-01-01"><note type="note"><note-paragraph> This subclass <u>covers</u> <br/><subnote type="bullet"><note-paragraph>circuits or apparatus for combining or dividing signals for the purpose of transmitting them simultaneously or sequentially over the same transmission path; </note-paragraph><note-paragraph>monitoring arrangements therefor. </note-paragraph></subnote></note-paragraph></note><note type="warning"><note-paragraph>In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.</note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-H04K.xml" sort-key="H04K" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2013-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>H04K</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>SECRET COMMUNICATION</text></title-part><title-part><text>JAMMING OF COMMUNICATION</text></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings date-revised="2013-01-01"><note type="note"><note-paragraph>In this subclass, the following expression is used with the meaning indicated: <subnote type="bullet"><note-paragraph>"secret communication" includes secret line and radiation transmission systems, i.e. those in which apparatus at the transmitting station modifies the signal in such a way that the information cannot be intelligibly received without corresponding modifying apparatus at the receiving station.</note-paragraph></subnote></note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-H04L.xml" sort-key="H04L" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2022-05-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>H04L</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2022-05-01"><title-part><text>TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION </text><reference><text>arrangements common to telegraphic and telephonic communication <class-ref scheme="cpc">H04M</class-ref></text></reference></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings date-revised="2013-01-01"><note type="note"><note-paragraph>This subclass <u>covers</u> transmission of signals having been supplied in digital form and includes data transmission, telegraphic communication, or methods or arrangements for monitoring.</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>In this subclass, it is desirable to add the indexing codes of group <class-ref scheme="cpc">H04L2101/00</class-ref>.</note-paragraph></note><note type="warning"><note-paragraph warning-type="ipc-not-used">The following IPC groups are not in the CPC scheme. The subject matter for these IPC groups is classified in the following CPC groups: <table><row><entry><class-ref scheme="ipc">H04L9/18</class-ref></entry><entry> covered by </entry><entry><class-ref scheme="cpc">H04L9/065</class-ref></entry></row><row><entry><class-ref scheme="ipc">H04L9/20</class-ref></entry><entry> covered by </entry><entry><class-ref scheme="cpc">H04L9/0656</class-ref></entry></row><row><entry><class-ref scheme="ipc">H04L9/22</class-ref></entry><entry> covered by </entry><entry><class-ref scheme="cpc">H04L9/0662</class-ref></entry></row><row><entry><class-ref scheme="ipc">H04L9/24</class-ref></entry><entry> covered by </entry><entry><class-ref scheme="cpc">H04L9/0662</class-ref></entry></row><row><entry><class-ref scheme="ipc">H04L9/26</class-ref></entry><entry> covered by </entry><entry><class-ref scheme="cpc">H04L9/0668</class-ref></entry></row><row><entry><class-ref scheme="ipc">H04L9/28</class-ref></entry><entry> covered by </entry><entry> <class-ref scheme="cpc">H04L9/002</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">H04L9/008</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">H04L9/06</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">H04L9/08</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">H04L9/30</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">H04L9/32</class-ref></entry></row><row><entry><class-ref scheme="ipc">H04L12/20</class-ref></entry><entry> covered by </entry><entry><class-ref scheme="cpc">H04L69/00</class-ref></entry></row><row><entry><class-ref scheme="ipc">H04L25/04</class-ref></entry><entry> covered by </entry><entry><class-ref scheme="cpc">H04L25/03</class-ref></entry></row><row><entry><class-ref scheme="ipc">H04L25/17</class-ref></entry><entry> covered by </entry><entry><class-ref scheme="cpc">H04L25/02</class-ref> - <class-ref scheme="cpc">H04L25/0298</class-ref></entry></row><row><entry><class-ref scheme="ipc">H04L25/18</class-ref></entry><entry> covered by </entry><entry><class-ref scheme="cpc">H04L25/027</class-ref></entry></row><row><entry><class-ref scheme="ipc">H04L25/28</class-ref></entry><entry> covered by </entry><entry><class-ref scheme="cpc">H04L25/0268</class-ref></entry></row><row><entry><class-ref scheme="ipc">H04L25/30</class-ref></entry><entry> covered by </entry><entry><class-ref scheme="cpc">H04L25/061</class-ref></entry></row><row><entry><class-ref scheme="ipc">H04L25/32</class-ref></entry><entry> covered by </entry><entry><class-ref scheme="cpc">H04L25/49</class-ref></entry></row><row><entry><class-ref scheme="ipc">H04L25/34</class-ref></entry><entry> covered by </entry><entry><class-ref scheme="cpc">H04L25/4917</class-ref></entry></row><row><entry><class-ref scheme="ipc">H04L25/48</class-ref></entry><entry> covered by </entry><entry><class-ref scheme="cpc">H04L25/49</class-ref></entry></row><row><entry><class-ref scheme="ipc">H04L25/52</class-ref></entry><entry> covered by </entry><entry><class-ref scheme="cpc">H04L25/20</class-ref></entry></row><row><entry><class-ref scheme="ipc">H04L25/54</class-ref></entry><entry> covered by </entry><entry><class-ref scheme="cpc">H04L25/20</class-ref></entry></row><row><entry><class-ref scheme="ipc">H04L25/56</class-ref></entry><entry> covered by </entry><entry><class-ref scheme="cpc">H04L25/202</class-ref></entry></row><row><entry><class-ref scheme="ipc">H04L25/58</class-ref></entry><entry> covered by </entry><entry><class-ref scheme="cpc">H04L25/20</class-ref></entry></row><row><entry><class-ref scheme="ipc">H04L25/60</class-ref></entry><entry> covered by </entry><entry><class-ref scheme="cpc">H04L25/207</class-ref></entry></row><row><entry><class-ref scheme="ipc">H04L25/62</class-ref></entry><entry> covered by </entry><entry><class-ref scheme="cpc">H04L25/205</class-ref></entry></row><row><entry><class-ref scheme="ipc">H04L25/64</class-ref></entry><entry> covered by </entry><entry><class-ref scheme="cpc">H04L25/245</class-ref></entry></row><row><entry><class-ref scheme="ipc">H04L25/66</class-ref></entry><entry> covered by </entry><entry><class-ref scheme="cpc">H04L25/247</class-ref></entry></row></table></note-paragraph><note-paragraph>In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.</note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-H04M.xml" sort-key="H04M" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2021-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>H04M</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2021-01-01"><title-part><text>TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION </text><reference><text>circuits for controlling other apparatus <u>via</u> a telephone cable and not involving telephone switching apparatus <class-ref scheme="cpc">G08</class-ref></text></reference></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings date-revised="2013-01-01"><note type="note"><note-paragraph>This subclass <u>covers</u> : <subnote type="bullet"><note-paragraph>substation equipment;</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>telephonic communication systems combined with other electrical systems;</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>testing arrangements peculiar to telephonic communication systems.</note-paragraph></subnote></note-paragraph><note-paragraph>In this subclass, the following terms or expressions are used with the meanings indicated : <subnote type="bullet"><note-paragraph>"subscriber" is a general term for terminal equipment, e.g. fixed, wireless, mobile or cellular phones, or for a user of terminal equipment; </note-paragraph><note-paragraph>"substation" means a subscriber or monitoring equipment which may connect a single subscriber to a line without choice as to subscriber; </note-paragraph><note-paragraph>"satellite" is a type of exchange the operation of which depends upon control signals received from a supervisory exchange; </note-paragraph><note-paragraph>"switching centres" include exchanges and satellites.</note-paragraph></subnote></note-paragraph></note><note type="warning"><note-paragraph warning-type="ipc-not-used">The following IPC groups are not in the CPC scheme. The subject matter for these IPC groups is classified in the following CPC groups: <table><row><entry><class-ref scheme="ipc">H04M7/02</class-ref></entry><entry> covered by </entry><entry><class-ref scheme="cpc">H04Q3/00</class-ref></entry></row><row><entry><class-ref scheme="ipc">H04M7/04</class-ref></entry><entry> covered by </entry><entry><class-ref scheme="cpc">H04Q3/00</class-ref></entry></row><row><entry><class-ref scheme="ipc">H04M7/10</class-ref></entry><entry> covered by </entry><entry><class-ref scheme="cpc">H04Q3/00</class-ref></entry></row><row><entry><class-ref scheme="ipc">H04M15/02</class-ref></entry><entry> covered by </entry><entry><class-ref scheme="cpc">H04M15/888</class-ref></entry></row></table></note-paragraph><note-paragraph>In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.</note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-H04N.xml" sort-key="H04N" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2019-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>H04N</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2019-01-01"><title-part><text>PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION</text></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings date-revised="2013-01-01"><note type="note"><note-paragraph> This subclass <u>covers</u> : <subnote type="bullet"><note-paragraph> transmission of pictures or their transient or permanent reproduction either locally or remotely <CPC-specific-note>and the corresponding electronic image capture and reproduction process employing image representative electric signals</CPC-specific-note>, by methods involving both of <CPC-specific-note>or at least one of</CPC-specific-note> the following steps:<subnote type="alpha"><note-paragraph> the <CPC-specific-note>electronic acquisition or</CPC-specific-note> scanning of a picture <CPC-specific-note>or scene</CPC-specific-note>, i.e. resolving the whole picture-containing area into individual picture-elements and the derivation of picture-representative electric signals related thereto, simultaneously or in sequence <CPC-specific-note>, e.g. by reading an electronic solid-state image sensor [SSIS] pickup device, e.g. CCD or CMOS image sensor, as electronic image sensor converting optical image information into said electrical signals</CPC-specific-note>;</note-paragraph><note-paragraph> the reproduction of the whole picture-containing area <CPC-specific-note>or scene</CPC-specific-note> by the reproduction of individual picture -elements into which the picture is resolved by means of picture -representative electric signals derived therefrom, simultaneously or in sequence; </note-paragraph></subnote></note-paragraph><note-paragraph>in group <class-ref scheme="cpc">H04N1/00</class-ref>, systems for the transmission or the reproduction of arbitrarily composed pictures or patterns in which the local light variations composing a picture are not subject to variation with time, e.g. documents, maps, charts, photographs other than cinematograph films;</note-paragraph><note-paragraph> circuits specially designed for dealing with pictorial communication signals, e.g. television signals, as distinct from merely signals of a particular frequency range.</note-paragraph></subnote></note-paragraph><note-paragraph>This subclass <u>does not cover</u> : <subnote type="bullet"><note-paragraph>circuits or other parts of systems which form the subject of other subclasses, which are covered by the corresponding subclasses, e.g. <class-ref scheme="cpc">H03C</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">H03F</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">H03J</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">H04B</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">H04H</class-ref>;</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>systems in which legible alphanumeric or like character forms are analysed according to step (a) of Note (1) to derive an electric signal from which the character is recognised by comparison with stored information, which are covered by subclass <class-ref scheme="cpc">G06K</class-ref>;</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>systems for the direct photographic copying of an original picture in which an electric signal representative of the picture is derived according to the said step (a) and employed to modify the operation of the system, e.g. to control exposure, which are covered by class <class-ref scheme="cpc">G03</class-ref>;</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>systems for the reproduction according to step (b) of Note (1) of pictures comprising alphanumeric or like character forms but involving the production of the equivalent of a signal which would be derived according to the above -mentioned step (a), e.g. by cams, punched card or tape, coded control signal, or other means, which are covered by the subclass for the application, e.g. <class-ref scheme="cpc">G01D</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">G06T</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">H04L</class-ref>;</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>systems for the reproduction according to the above-mentioned step (b) of pictures comprising alphanumeric or like character forms and involving the generation according to the above -mentioned step (a) of picture-representative electric signals from a pre-arranged assembly of such characters, or records thereof, forming an integral part of the systems, which are covered by the subclass for the application, e.g. <class-ref scheme="cpc">B41B</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">G06K</class-ref>, subject to those applications which are covered by this subclass;</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>printing, duplication or marking processes , or materials or processes therefor, which are covered by the relevant subclasses, e.g. <class-ref scheme="cpc">B41C</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">B41J</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">B41M</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">G03C</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">G03F</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">G03G</class-ref>;</note-paragraph><note-paragraph><CPC-specific-note>apparatus or methods for taking photographs using light sensitive film for image capture, apparatus/methods for printing, for projecting or viewing images using film stock, photographic film or slides by optical means, e.g. mounting of optical elements, flashes, and their related controls, e.g. exposure, focus, (opto-)mechanical motion blur (anti-shake), cooling, beam shaping;</CPC-specific-note></note-paragraph><note-paragraph><CPC-specific-note>aspects of apparatus or methods for taking photographs using an electronic image sensor [EIS] for image capture, insofar as they correspond to those of said apparatus methods for taking photographs using light sensitive film, i.e. insofar as not peculiar to the presence of the EIS, e.g. mounting of optical elements or flashes not peculiar to the presence of the EIS, and their related controls insofar as they are not peculiar to the presence or use of the EIS, e.g. exposure, focus, (opto-)mechanical motion blur (anti-shake);</CPC-specific-note></note-paragraph><note-paragraph><CPC-specific-note>aspects of apparatus or methods for projecting or viewing images using an electronic spatial light modulator [ESLM], insofar as they correspond to those of said apparatus/ methods for projecting or viewing images using film stock, photographic film or slides, i.e. insofar as not peculiar to the presence of the ESLM, e.g. mounting of optical elements not peculiar to the presence of the ESLM, and their related controls not peculiar to the presence of the ESLM, e.g. cooling, beam shaping, optical keystone correction;</CPC-specific-note></note-paragraph><note-paragraph><CPC-specific-note>(opto-)mechanical image enhancement in printers or projectors, e.g. keystone correction;</CPC-specific-note></note-paragraph><note-paragraph><CPC-specific-note>optical viewfinders;</CPC-specific-note></note-paragraph><note-paragraph><CPC-specific-note>remote control of cameras and projectors insofar not peculiar to the EIS or ESLM, e.g. not affecting their operation, or being based on a generated image signal;</CPC-specific-note></note-paragraph><note-paragraph><CPC-specific-note> optical aspects of camera modules using electronic image sensors and related constructional details (optical elements or arrangements associated with solid state imager structures <class-ref scheme="cpc">H01L27/14625</class-ref> ); </CPC-specific-note></note-paragraph><note-paragraph><CPC-specific-note>constructional aspects of projectors, e.g. cooling, beam shaping, light integrating means not peculiar to the ESLM;</CPC-specific-note></note-paragraph></subnote></note-paragraph><note-paragraph>In this subclass, the following expression is used with the meaning indicated: <subnote type="bullet"><note-paragraph> "television systems" means those systems for the <CPC-specific-note>electronic generation,</CPC-specific-note> transmission and reproduction of arbitrarily composed pictures in which the local light variations composing a picture may change with time, e.g. natural "live" scenes, <CPC-specific-note>electronic</CPC-specific-note> recordings of such scenes such as cinematograph films. </note-paragraph></subnote></note-paragraph><note-paragraph><CPC-specific-note>In this subclass, as in subclass <class-ref scheme="cpc">G03B</class-ref>, the following terms are used with the meaning indicated: <subnote type="bullet"><note-paragraph>"camera": a device capturing image information represented by light patterns reflected or emitted from objects, and exposing a light sensitive film or a main electronic image sensor during a timed exposure, usually through a photographic lens, and producing an image on a light sensitive film or an electrical image information signal respectively;</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>"projector": a device displaying image information by projection of light patterns, usually through an optical lens, wherein the light patterns are generated by illuminating an image, e.g. film or slide, or by converting an electric image signal into an optical signal using an electronic spatial light modulator;</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>"electronic image sensor [EIS]": optoelectronic transducer, converting optical image information into an electrical signal susceptible of being processed, stored, transmitted or displayed;</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>"additional sensor": a sensor, other than the main electronic image sensor, used for controlling a camera;</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>"electronic spatial light modulator [ESLM]": optoelectronic transducer converting electric signals representing image information into optical image information.</note-paragraph></subnote></CPC-specific-note></note-paragraph></note><note type="warning"><note-paragraph warning-type="ipc-not-used"> The following IPC groups are not in the CPC scheme. Subject matter for these IPC groups is classified in the following CPC groups: <br/><table><row><entry><class-ref scheme="ipc">H04N5/761</class-ref></entry><entry> covered by </entry><entry><class-ref scheme="cpc">H04N5/782</class-ref></entry></row><row><entry><class-ref scheme="ipc">H04N5/7613</class-ref></entry><entry> covered by </entry><entry><class-ref scheme="cpc">H04N5/782</class-ref></entry></row><row><entry><class-ref scheme="ipc">H04N5/7617</class-ref></entry><entry> covered by </entry><entry><class-ref scheme="cpc">H04N5/782</class-ref></entry></row><row><entry><class-ref scheme="ipc">H04N5/922</class-ref></entry><entry> covered by </entry><entry><class-ref scheme="cpc">H04N5/92</class-ref></entry></row><row><entry><class-ref scheme="ipc">H04N5/924</class-ref></entry><entry> covered by </entry><entry><class-ref scheme="cpc">H04N5/92</class-ref></entry></row><row><entry><class-ref scheme="ipc">H04N9/815</class-ref></entry><entry> covered by </entry><entry><class-ref scheme="cpc">H04N9/81</class-ref></entry></row></table></note-paragraph><note-paragraph>In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.</note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-H04Q.xml" sort-key="H04Q" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2021-08-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>H04Q</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2021-08-01"><title-part><text>SELECTING </text><reference><text>switches, relays, selectors <class-ref scheme="cpc">H01H</class-ref>; wireless communication networks <class-ref scheme="cpc">H04W</class-ref></text></reference></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings date-revised="2013-01-01"><note type="note"><note-paragraph>This subclass <u>covers</u>: <subnote type="bullet"><note-paragraph>methods, circuits, or apparatus for stablishing selectively a connect ion between a desired number of stations (normally two), or between a main station and a desired number of substations (normally one) for the purpose of transferring information via this connection after it has been established; </note-paragraph><note-paragraph>selective calling arrangements over connections already established.</note-paragraph></subnote> In either case, the connection may be made by means of electric conductors or electromagnetic waves.</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>In this subclass, the following terms or expressions are used with the meanings indicated: <subnote type="bullet"><note-paragraph>"subscriber" is a general term for terminal equipment, e.g. telephone for public use;</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>"substation" means a subscriber or monitoring equipment which may connect a single subscriber to a line without choice as to subscriber; </note-paragraph><note-paragraph>"satellite" is a kind of exchange the operation of which depends upon control signals received from a supervisory exchange;</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>"switching centres" includes exchanges and satellites.</note-paragraph></subnote></note-paragraph></note><note type="warning"><note-paragraph>In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.</note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-H04R.xml" sort-key="H04R" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2018-08-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>H04R</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS</text></title-part><title-part><text>DEAF-AID SETS</text></title-part><title-part><text>PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS </text><reference><text>generating mechanical vibrations in general <class-ref scheme="cpc">B06B</class-ref>; transducers for measuring particular variables <class-ref scheme="cpc">G01</class-ref>; transducers in clocks <class-ref scheme="cpc">G04</class-ref>; producing sounds with frequency not determined by supply frequency <class-ref scheme="cpc">G10K</class-ref>; transducers in recording or reproducing heads <class-ref scheme="cpc">G11B</class-ref>; transducers in motors <class-ref scheme="cpc">H02</class-ref></text></reference></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings date-revised="2013-01-01"><note type="note"><note-paragraph> This subclass <u>covers</u> : <subnote type="bullet"><note-paragraph> loudspeakers, microphones, <CPC-specific-note>acoustic</CPC-specific-note> transducers <CPC-specific-note>therefor</CPC-specific-note> producing acoustic waves or variations of electric current or voltage, or gramophone pick-ups; </note-paragraph><note-paragraph>arrangements actuated by variations of electric current or voltage for cutting grooves in records;</note-paragraph><note-paragraph> circuits for the above-mentioned <CPC-specific-note>loudspeakers, microphones, acoustic transducers, gramophone pick-ups or</CPC-specific-note> arrangements; </note-paragraph><note-paragraph> monitoring or testing <CPC-specific-note>of the above-mentioned loudspeakers, microphones, acoustic transducers, gramophone pick-ups or arrangements</CPC-specific-note></note-paragraph></subnote></note-paragraph></note><note type="warning"><note-paragraph>In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.</note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-H04S.xml" sort-key="H04S" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2018-08-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>H04S</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2018-05-01"><title-part><text>STEREOPHONIC SYSTEMS </text></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings date-revised="2013-01-01"><note type="note"><note-paragraph>In this subclass, the following term is used with the meaning indicated:<subnote type="bullet"><note-paragraph>"stereophonic systems" covers quadraphonic or similar systems </note-paragraph></subnote></note-paragraph><note-paragraph> In this subclass, it is desirable to add the indexing codes of <class-ref scheme="cpc">H04S2400/00</class-ref> and <class-ref scheme="cpc">H04S2420/00</class-ref>.</note-paragraph></note><note type="warning"><note-paragraph>In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.</note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-H04T.xml" sort-key="H04T" definition-exists="false" date-revised="2015-07-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>H04T</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STANDARDS FOR ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE </text><reference><text>CLASS <class-ref scheme="cpc">H04</class-ref></text></reference></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings date-revised="2013-01-01"><note type="note"><note-paragraph> This scheme constitutes an non-associated internal scheme for indexing exclusively documents issued by standardisation bodies (herein called standards) for electric communication technique (<class-ref scheme="cpc">H04</class-ref>). <br/> As standardisation bodies organize their documents in different ways, the present scheme is subdivided into main groups related to a particular CPC range to allow different indexing approaches. </note-paragraph><note-paragraph>Scheme index:</note-paragraph><note-paragraph><pre> <br/>
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Wireless communication standards
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<class-ref scheme="cpc">H04T2001/00</class-ref>
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-
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<class-ref scheme="cpc">H04T2001/231</class-ref>
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<br/>
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Standards related to data switching
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<br/>
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networks in general
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<class-ref scheme="cpc">H04T2012/00</class-ref>
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-
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<class-ref scheme="cpc">H04T2012/00</class-ref>
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<br/>
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Internet standards
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<class-ref scheme="cpc">H04T2029/00</class-ref>
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-
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<class-ref scheme="cpc">H04T2029/06</class-ref>
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</pre></note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-H04W.xml" sort-key="H04W" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2023-02-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>H04W</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2019-01-01"><title-part><text>WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS </text><reference><text>broadcast communication <class-ref scheme="cpc">H04H</class-ref>; communication systems using wireless links for non-selective communication, e.g. wireless extensions <class-ref scheme="cpc">H04M1/72</class-ref></text></reference></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings date-revised="2013-01-01"><note type="note"><note-paragraph> This subclass <u>covers</u> : <subnote type="bullet"><note-paragraph>communication networks for selectively establishing one or a plurality of wireless communication links between a desired number of users or between users and network equipment, for the purpose of transferring information via these wireless communication links;</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>networks deploying an infrastructure for mobility management of wireless users connected thereto, e.g. cellular networks, WLAN [Wireless Local Area Network], wireless access networks, e.g. WLL [Wireless Local Loop] or self-organising wireless communication networks, e.g. ad hoc networks;</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>planning or deployment specially adapted for the above-mentioned wireless networks;</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>services or facilities specially adapted for the above-mentioned wireless networks;</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>arrangements or techniques specially adapted for the operation of the above-mentioned wireless networks.</note-paragraph></subnote></note-paragraph><note-paragraph> This subclass <u>does not cover</u> : <subnote type="bullet"><note-paragraph> communication systems using wireless extensions, i.e. wireless links without selective communication, e.g. cordless telephones, which are covered by group <class-ref scheme="cpc">H04M1/72</class-ref>; </note-paragraph><note-paragraph>broadcast communication, which is covered by subclass <class-ref scheme="cpc">H04H</class-ref>.</note-paragraph></subnote></note-paragraph></note><note type="warning"><note-paragraph>In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.</note-paragraph><note-paragraph warning-type="ipc-not-used">The following IPC groups are not in the CPC scheme. The subject matter for these IPC groups is classified in the following CPC groups:<table><row><entry><class-ref scheme="ipc">H04W28/082</class-ref> </entry><entry> covered by </entry><entry><class-ref scheme="cpc">H04W28/085</class-ref></entry></row><row><entry><class-ref scheme="ipc">H04W28/084</class-ref> </entry><entry> covered by </entry><entry><class-ref scheme="cpc">H04W28/08</class-ref></entry></row><row><entry><class-ref scheme="ipc">H04W28/086</class-ref> </entry><entry> covered by </entry><entry><class-ref scheme="cpc">H04W28/0804</class-ref></entry></row><row><entry><class-ref scheme="ipc">H04W28/088</class-ref> </entry><entry> covered by </entry><entry><class-ref scheme="cpc">H04W28/0842</class-ref></entry></row></table></note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="4" additional-only="false" sort-key="H05" date-revised="2013-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>H05</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR</text></title-part></class-title>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-H05B.xml" sort-key="H05B" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2022-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>H05B</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2022-01-01"><title-part><text>ELECTRIC HEATING</text></title-part><title-part><text>ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR</text></title-part><title-part><text>CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL</text></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings date-revised="2013-01-01"><note type="warning"><note-paragraph>In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.</note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-H05C.xml" sort-key="H05C" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2018-08-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>H05C</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>ELECTRIC CIRCUITS OR APPARATUS SPECIALLY DESIGNED FOR USE IN EQUIPMENT FOR KILLING, STUNNING, OR GUIDING LIVING BEINGS </text><reference><text>stationary means for catching or killing insects by electric means <class-ref scheme="cpc">A01M1/22</class-ref>; apparatus for the destruction of noxious animals, other than insects, by electricity <class-ref scheme="cpc">A01M19/00</class-ref>; electric traps for animals <class-ref scheme="cpc">A01M23/38</class-ref>; scaring devices for animals <class-ref scheme="cpc">A01M29/00</class-ref>; slaughtering or stunning by electric current <class-ref scheme="cpc">A22B3/06</class-ref></text></reference></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings><note type="warning"><note-paragraph>In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.</note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-H05F.xml" sort-key="H05F" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2020-05-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>H05F</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>STATIC ELECTRICITY</text></title-part><title-part><text>NATURALLY-OCCURRING ELECTRICITY </text><reference><text>electrostatic machines <class-ref scheme="cpc">H02N</class-ref>; uses of electricity in performing operations, e.g. precipitation, <u>see</u> the relevant subclasses for the operations</text></reference></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings date-revised="2013-01-01"><note type="note"><note-paragraph>This subclass <u>covers</u> methods or arrangements for preventing the formation of electrostatic charges on bodies or for carrying-off these charges after their formation.</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>This subclass <u>does not cover</u> specific applications of the above-mentioned methods or arrangements, e.g. during the manufacture of artificial fibres or films, which are covered by the relevant subclasses.</note-paragraph></note><note type="warning"><note-paragraph>In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.</note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-H05G.xml" sort-key="H05G" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2023-02-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>H05G</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2023-02-01"><title-part><text>X-RAY TECHNIQUE </text><reference><text>investigating or analysing materials by the use of X-rays <class-ref scheme="cpc">G01N23/00</class-ref>; apparatus for X-ray photography <class-ref scheme="cpc">G03B42/02</class-ref>; X-ray tubes <class-ref scheme="cpc">H01J35/00</class-ref>; TV systems having X-ray input <class-ref scheme="cpc">H04N5/321</class-ref></text></reference></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings date-revised="2013-01-01"><note type="warning"><note-paragraph warning-type="ipc-not-used">The following IPC groups are not in the CPC scheme. The subject matter for these IPC groups is classified in the following CPC groups: <table><row><entry><class-ref scheme="ipc">H05G1/61</class-ref></entry><entry> covered by </entry><entry><class-ref scheme="cpc">H05G1/60</class-ref></entry></row></table></note-paragraph><note-paragraph>In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.</note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-H05H.xml" sort-key="H05H" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2018-08-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>H05H</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>PLASMA TECHNIQUE </text><reference><text>fusion reactors <class-ref scheme="cpc">G21B</class-ref>; ion-beam tubes <class-ref scheme="cpc">H01J27/00</class-ref>; magnetohydrodynamic generators <class-ref scheme="cpc">H02K44/08</class-ref>; producing X-rays involving plasma generation <class-ref scheme="cpc">H05G2/00</class-ref></text></reference></title-part><title-part><text>PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS </text><reference><text>obtaining neutrons from radioactive sources <class-ref scheme="cpc">G21</class-ref>, e.g. <class-ref scheme="cpc">G21B</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">G21C</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">G21G</class-ref></text></reference></title-part><title-part><text>PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS </text><reference><text>atomic clocks <class-ref scheme="cpc">G04F5/14</class-ref>; devices using stimulated emission <class-ref scheme="cpc">H01S</class-ref>; frequency regulation by comparison with a reference frequency determined by energy levels of molecules, atoms, or subatomic particles <class-ref scheme="cpc">H03L7/26</class-ref></text></reference></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings><note type="warning"><note-paragraph>In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.</note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-H05K.xml" sort-key="H05K" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2019-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>H05K</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2019-01-01"><title-part><text>PRINTED CIRCUITS</text></title-part><title-part><text>CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS</text></title-part><title-part><text>MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS</text></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings date-revised="2013-01-01"><note type="note"><note-paragraph> This subclass <u>covers</u>: <subnote type="bullet"><note-paragraph>combinations of a radio or television receiver with <u>apparatus</u> having a different main function;<br/> </note-paragraph><note-paragraph>printed circuits structurally associated with non-printed electric components.<br/> </note-paragraph></subnote></note-paragraph><note-paragraph> In this subclass, the following expression is used with the meaning indicated: <subnote type="bullet"><note-paragraph>"printed circuits" covers all kinds of mechanical constructions of circuits that consist of an insulating base or support carrying the conductor and are combined structurally with the conductor throughout their length, especially in a two-dimensional plane, the conductors of which are secured to the base in a non-dismountable manner, and also covers the processes or <u>apparatus</u> for manufacturing such constructions, e.g. forming the circuit by mechanical or chemical <u>treatment</u> of a conductive foil, paste, or film on an insulating support. </note-paragraph></subnote></note-paragraph></note><note type="warning"><note-paragraph>In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.</note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="4" additional-only="false" sort-key="H10" date-revised="2023-02-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>H10</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2023-02-01"><title-part><text>SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES</text></title-part><title-part><text>ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR</text></title-part></class-title>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-H10B.xml" sort-key="H10B" definition-exists="false" date-revised="2023-02-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>H10B</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2023-02-01"><title-part><text>ELECTRONIC MEMORY DEVICES</text></title-part></class-title></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-H10K.xml" sort-key="H10K" definition-exists="false" date-revised="2023-02-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>H10K</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2023-02-01"><title-part><text>ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES</text></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings><note type="note"><note-paragraph>This subclass <u>covers</u>:<subnote type="bullet"><note-paragraph>individual organic electric solid-state devices, i.e. electric solid-state devices comprising organic material in the active part;</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising such elements.</note-paragraph></subnote></note-paragraph><note-paragraph>This subclass <u>does not cover</u>:<subnote type="bullet"><note-paragraph>organic electronic memory devices, which are covered by subclass <class-ref scheme="cpc">H10B</class-ref>;</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>organic thermoelectric, piezoelectric, electrostrictive or magnetostrictive devices, which are covered by subclass <class-ref scheme="cpc">H10N</class-ref>;</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>organic resistors without a potential-jump barrier or surface barrier and not specially adapted for integrated devices, which are covered by subclass <class-ref scheme="cpc">H01C</class-ref>;</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>organic capacitors without a potential-jump barrier or surface barrier and not specially adapted for integrated devices, which are covered by subclass <class-ref scheme="cpc">H01G</class-ref>.</note-paragraph></subnote></note-paragraph><note-paragraph>In this subclass, it is desirable to add the indexing codes of groups <class-ref scheme="cpc">H10K2101/00</class-ref> - <class-ref scheme="cpc">H10K2102/00</class-ref>.</note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-H10N.xml" sort-key="H10N" definition-exists="false" date-revised="2023-02-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>H10N</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2023-02-01"><title-part><text>ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR</text></title-part></class-title></classification-item></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="4" additional-only="false" sort-key="H99" date-revised="2019-05-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>H99</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2019-05-01"><title-part><text>SUBJECT MATTER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR IN THIS SECTION</text></title-part></class-title>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-H99Z.xml" sort-key="H99Z" definition-exists="false" date-revised="2019-05-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>H99Z</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2019-05-01"><title-part><text>SUBJECT MATTER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR IN THIS SECTION</text></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings><note type="note"><note-paragraph> This subclass <u>covers</u> subject matter that: <subnote type="alpha"><note-paragraph>Is not provided for, but is most closely related to, the subject matter covered by the subclasses of this section, and </note-paragraph><note-paragraph> Is not explicitly covered by any subclass of another section. </note-paragraph></subnote></note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item></classification-item></classification-item></classification-item></class-scheme> |