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109 lines
165 KiB
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2 years ago
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<class-scheme publication-date="2023-02-01" scheme-type="cpc" publication-type="official">
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="2" additional-only="false" sort-key="G" date-revised="2017-05-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>G</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>PHYSICS</text></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings date-revised="2013-01-01"><note type="note"><note-paragraph>In this section, the following term is used with the meaning indicated : <subnote type="bullet"><note-paragraph>"variable" (as a noun) means a feature or property, (e.g. a dimension, a physical condition such as temperature, a quality such as density or colour) which, in respect of a particular entity (e.g. an object, a quantity of a substance, a beam of light) and at a particular instant, is capable of being measured; the variable may change, so that its numerical expression may assume different values at different times or in different conditions or individual cases, but may be constant in respect of a particular entity in certain conditions or for practical purposes, (e.g. the len gth of a bar may be regarded as constant for many purposes).</note-paragraph></subnote></note-paragraph><note-paragraph>Attention is drawn to the definitions of terms used appearing in the notes of several of the classes in this Section, particularly of "measuring" in class <class-ref scheme="cpc">G01</class-ref> and "control" and "regulation" in class <class-ref scheme="cpc">G05</class-ref>.</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>The classification of inventions in this Section may present more difficulty than in others because the distinction between different fields of use rests to a considerable extent on differences in the intention of the user rather than on any constructional differences or differences in the manner of use of inventions, and also because the subjects dealt with are often in effect systems or combinations which have features or parts in common rather than "things" which are readily distinguishable as a whole. For example, information, (e.g. a set of figures) may be displayed for the purpose of education or advertising (<class-ref scheme="cpc">G09</class-ref>), for enabling the result of a measurement to be known (<class-ref scheme="cpc">G01</class-ref>), for signalling the information to a distant point or for giving information which has been signalled from a distant point (<class-ref scheme="cpc">G08</class-ref>); the words used to describe the purpose depend on features which may be irrelevant to the form of the apparatus concerned - such features as the desired effect on the person who sees the display or whether the display is controlled from a remote point. Again, a device which responds to some change in a condition, e.g. in the pressure of a fluid, may be used, without modification of the device itself, to give information about the pressure (<class-ref scheme="cpc">G01L</class-ref>) or about some other condition connected with the pressure (another subclass of <class-ref scheme="cpc">G01</class-ref>, e.g. <class-ref scheme="cpc">G01K</class-ref> for temperature), to make a record of the pressure or of its occurrence (<class-ref scheme="cpc">G07C</class-ref>), to give an alarm (<class-ref scheme="cpc">G08B</class-ref>), or to control some other apparatus (<class-ref scheme="cpc">G05</class-ref>). The classification scheme is intended to enable things of a similar nature (as indicated above) to be classified together, and it is therefore particularly necessary for the real nature of any invention to be decided before it can be properly classified.</note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="3" additional-only="false" sort-key="G01" date-revised="2013-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>G01</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>INSTRUMENTS</text></title-part></class-title>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="4" additional-only="false" sort-key="G01" date-revised="2022-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>G01</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2019-05-01"><title-part><text>MEASURING</text></title-part><title-part><text>TESTING</text></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings date-revised="2013-01-01"><note type="note"><note-paragraph>This class <u>covers</u>, in addition to "true" measuring instruments, other indicating or recording devices of analogous construction, and also signalling or control devices insofar as they are concerned with measurement (as defined in Note 2 below) and are not specially adapted to the particular purpose of signalling or control.</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>In this class, the following term is used with the meaning indicated: <subnote type="bullet"><note-paragraph>"measuring" is used to cover considerably more than its primary or basic meaning. In this primary sense, it means finding a numerical expression of the value of a variable in relation to a unit or datum or to another variable of the same nature, e.g. expressing a length in terms of another length as in measuring a length with a scale; the value may be obtained directly (as just suggested) or by measuring some other variable of which the value can be related to the value of the required variable, as in measuring a change in temperature by measuring a resultant change in the length of a column of mercury. However, since the same device or instrument may, instead of giving an immediate indication, be used to produce a record or to initiate a signal to produce an indication or control effect, or may be used in combination with other devices or instruments to give a conjoint result from measurement of two or more variables of the same or different kinds, it is necessary to interpret "measuring" as including also any operation that would make it possible to obtain such a numerical expression by the additional use of some way of converting a value into figures. Thus the expression in figures may be actually made by a digital presentation or by reading a scale, or an indication of it may be given without the use of figures, e.g. by some perceptible feature (variable) of the entity (e.g. object, substance, beam of light) of which the variable being measured is a property or condition or by an analogue of such a feature (e.g. the corresponding position of a member without any scale, a corresponding voltage generated in some way). In many cases there is no such value indication but only an indication of difference or equality in relation to a standard or datum (of which the value may or may not be known in figures); the standard or datum may be the value of another variable of the same nature but of a different entity (e.g. a standard measure) or of the same entity at a different time. <subnote><note-paragraph>In its simplest form, measurement may give merely an indication of presence or absence of a certain condition or quality, e.g. movement (in any direction or in a particular direction), or whether a variable exceeds a predetermined value.</note-paragraph></subnote></note-paragraph></subnote></note-paragraph><note-paragraph>Attention is drawn to the Notes following the titles of class <class-ref scheme="cpc">B81</class-ref> and subclass <class-ref scheme="cpc">B81B</class-ref> relating to "microstructural devices" and "microstructural systems" and the Notes following the title of subclass <class-ref scheme="cpc">B82B</class-ref> relating to "nanostructures".</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>Attention is drawn to the Notes following the title of section <class-ref scheme="cpc">G</class-ref>, especially as regards the definition of the term "variable".</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>In many measuring arrangements, a first variable to be measured is transformed into a second, or further, variables. The second, or further, variables may be (a) a condition related to the
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-G01B.xml" sort-key="G01B" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2023-02-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>G01B</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2021-01-01"><title-part><text>MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS</text></title-part><title-part><text>MEASURING ANGLES</text></title-part><title-part><text>MEASURING AREAS</text></title-part><title-part><text>MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS</text></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings date-revised="2013-01-01"><note type="note"><note-paragraph> This subclass <u>covers</u> measuring of position or displacement in terms of linear or angular dimensions. </note-paragraph><note-paragraph>In this subclass, the groups are distinguished by the measurement technique which is of major importance. Thus, the mere application of other techniques or means for giving a final indication does not affect the classification.</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>Attention is drawn to the Notes following the title of class <class-ref scheme="cpc">G01</class-ref>.</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>Machines operated on similar principles to the hand-held devices specified in this subclass are classified with these devices.</note-paragraph><note-paragraph> Measuring arrangements or details thereof covered by two or more of groups <class-ref scheme="cpc">G01B3/00</class-ref> - <class-ref scheme="cpc">G01B17/00</class-ref> are classified in group <class-ref scheme="cpc">G01B21/00</class-ref> if no single other group can be selected as being predominantly applicable. </note-paragraph></note><note type="warning"><note-paragraph><CPC-specific-note>In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.</CPC-specific-note></note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-G01C.xml" sort-key="G01C" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2021-08-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>G01C</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2019-08-01"><title-part><text>MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS</text></title-part><title-part><text>SURVEYING</text></title-part><title-part><text>NAVIGATION</text></title-part><title-part><text>GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS</text></title-part><title-part><text>PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY </text><reference><text>measuring liquid level <class-ref scheme="cpc">G01F</class-ref>; radio navigation, determining distance or velocity by use of propagation effects, e.g. Doppler effects, propagation time, of radio waves, analogous arrangements using other waves <class-ref scheme="cpc">G01S</class-ref></text></reference></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings date-revised="2013-01-01"><note type="note"><note-paragraph> In this subclass, the following term is used with the meaning indicated: <subnote><note-paragraph>"navigation" means determining the position and course of land vehicles, ships, aircraft, and space vehicles.</note-paragraph></subnote></note-paragraph><note-paragraph>Attention is drawn to the Notes following the title of class <class-ref scheme="cpc">G01</class-ref>.</note-paragraph></note><note type="warning"><note-paragraph><CPC-specific-note>In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.</CPC-specific-note></note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-G01D.xml" sort-key="G01D" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2020-08-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>G01D</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2020-08-01"><title-part><text>MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE</text></title-part><title-part><text>ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS</text></title-part><title-part><text>TARIFF METERING APPARATUS</text></title-part><title-part><text>MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR</text></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings date-revised="2013-01-01"><note type="note"><note-paragraph>This subclass <u>covers</u> : <subnote type="bullet"><note-paragraph>devices for indicating or recording the results of measurements, not peculiar to variables covered by a single other subclass; </note-paragraph><note-paragraph>analogous apparatus but in which the input is not a variable to be measured, e.g. a hand operation; </note-paragraph><note-paragraph>details of measuring instruments, which are of general interest; </note-paragraph><note-paragraph>measurement transducers not adapted solely for the measurement of a single specified variable and not provided for elsewhere, i.e. means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; </note-paragraph><note-paragraph>measuring or testing not otherwise provided for.</note-paragraph></subnote></note-paragraph><note-paragraph>Attention is drawn to the Notes following the title of class <class-ref scheme="cpc">G01</class-ref>.</note-paragraph></note><note type="warning"><note-paragraph>In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.</note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-G01F.xml" sort-key="G01F" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2020-08-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>G01F</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2020-08-01"><title-part><text>MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL</text></title-part><title-part><text>METERING BY VOLUME</text></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings date-revised="2013-01-01"><note type="note"><note-paragraph>Attention is drawn to the Notes following the title of class <class-ref scheme="cpc">G01</class-ref>.</note-paragraph></note><note type="warning"><note-paragraph>In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.</note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-G01G.xml" sort-key="G01G" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2018-08-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>G01G</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>WEIGHING </text><reference><text>sorting by weighing <class-ref scheme="cpc">B07C5/16</class-ref></text></reference></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings date-revised="2013-01-01"><note type="note"><note-paragraph>Attention is drawn to the Notes following the title of class <class-ref scheme="cpc">G01</class-ref>.</note-paragraph></note><note type="warning"><note-paragraph>In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.</note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-G01H.xml" sort-key="G01H" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2020-08-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>G01H</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2020-08-01"><title-part><text>MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES</text></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings date-revised="2013-01-01"><note type="note"><note-paragraph>This subclass <u>covers</u> the combination of generation and measurement of mechanical vibrations. </note-paragraph><note-paragraph>Attention is drawn to the Notes following the title of class <class-ref scheme="cpc">G01</class-ref>.</note-paragraph></note><note type="warning"><note-paragraph>In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.</note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-G01J.xml" sort-key="G01J" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2018-08-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>G01J</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRA-RED, VISIBLE OR ULTRA-VIOLET LIGHT</text></title-part><title-part><text>COLORIMETRY</text></title-part><title-part><text>RADIATION PYROMETRY </text><reference><text>light sources <class-ref scheme="cpc">F21</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">H01J</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">H01K</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">H05B</class-ref>; investigating properties of materials by optical means <class-ref scheme="cpc">G01N</class-ref></text></reference></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings date-revised="2013-01-01"><note type="note"><note-paragraph>This subclass <u>covers</u> the detection of the presence or absence of infra-red, visible, or ultra-violet light, not otherwise provided for.</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>Attention is drawn to the Notes following the title of class <class-ref scheme="cpc">G01</class-ref>.</note-paragraph></note><note type="warning"><note-paragraph>In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.</note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-G01K.xml" sort-key="G01K" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2021-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>G01K</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2021-01-01"><title-part><text>MEASURING TEMPERATURE</text></title-part><title-part><text>MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT</text></title-part><title-part><text>THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR </text><reference><text>radiation pyrometry <class-ref scheme="cpc">G01J5/00</class-ref></text></reference></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings date-revised="2013-01-01"><note type="note"><note-paragraph>In this subclass, the following term is used with the meaning indicated : <subnote type="bullet"><note-paragraph>"thermometer" includes thermally-sensitive elements not provided for in other subclasses.</note-paragraph></subnote></note-paragraph><note-paragraph>Attention is drawn to the Notes following the title of class <class-ref scheme="cpc">G01</class-ref>.</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>Attention is drawn to the Notes following the titles of class <class-ref scheme="cpc">B81</class-ref> and subclass <class-ref scheme="cpc">B81B</class-ref> relating to "microstructural devices" and "microstructural systems".</note-paragraph></note><note type="warning"><note-paragraph>In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.</note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-G01L.xml" sort-key="G01L" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2020-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>G01L</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2020-01-01"><title-part><text>MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE </text><reference><text>weighing <class-ref scheme="cpc">G01G</class-ref></text></reference></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings date-revised="2013-01-01"><note type="note"><note-paragraph>Attention is drawn to the Notes following the title of class <class-ref scheme="cpc">G01</class-ref>.</note-paragraph></note><note type="warning"><note-paragraph>In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.</note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-G01M.xml" sort-key="G01M" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2019-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>G01M</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2019-01-01"><title-part><text>TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES</text></title-part><title-part><text>TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR</text></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings date-revised="2013-01-01"><note type="note"><note-paragraph>Attention is drawn to the Note following the title of Class <class-ref scheme="cpc">G01</class-ref>.</note-paragraph></note><note type="warning"><note-paragraph warning-type="ipc-not-used">The following IPC groups are not in the CPC scheme. The subject matter for these IPC groups is classified in the following CPC groups: <table><row><entry><class-ref scheme="ipc">G01M1/38</class-ref></entry><entry> covered by </entry><entry><class-ref scheme="cpc">G01M1/14</class-ref> and <class-ref scheme="cpc">G01M1/30</class-ref> and subgroups</entry></row></table></note-paragraph><note-paragraph>In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.</note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-G01N.xml" sort-key="G01N" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2021-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>G01N</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2021-01-01"><title-part><text>INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES </text><reference><text>measuring or testing processes other than immunoassay, involving enzymes or microorganisms <class-ref scheme="cpc">C12M</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">C12Q</class-ref></text></reference></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings date-revised="2013-01-01"><note type="note"><note-paragraph> In this subclass, the following terms are used with the meanings indicated : <subnote type="bullet"><note-paragraph>"investigating" means testing or determining; </note-paragraph><note-paragraph>"materials" includes solid, liquid or gaseous media, e.g. the atmosphere. </note-paragraph></subnote></note-paragraph><note-paragraph>Attention is drawn to the Notes following the title of class <class-ref scheme="cpc">G01</class-ref>.</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>Investigating the properties of materials, specially adapted for use in processes covered by subclass <class-ref scheme="cpc">B23K</class-ref>, is classified in group <class-ref scheme="cpc">B23K31/12</class-ref>.</note-paragraph></note><note type="warning"><note-paragraph>In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.</note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-G01P.xml" sort-key="G01P" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2018-08-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>G01P</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK</text></title-part><title-part><text>INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT </text><reference><text>measuring or recording blood flow <class-ref scheme="cpc">A61B5/02</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">A61B8/06</class-ref>; monitoring speed or deceleration of electrically-propelled vehicles <class-ref scheme="cpc">B60L3/00</class-ref>; vehicle lighting systems adapted to indicate speed <class-ref scheme="cpc">B60Q1/54</class-ref>; determining position or course in navigation, measuring ground distance in geodesy or surveying <class-ref scheme="cpc">G01C</class-ref>; combined measuring devices for measuring two or more variables of movement <class-ref scheme="cpc">G01C23/00</class-ref>; measuring velocity of sound <class-ref scheme="cpc">G01H</class-ref>; measuring velocity of light <class-ref scheme="cpc">G01J7/00</class-ref>; measuring direction or velocity of solid objects by reception or emission of radiowaves or other waves and based on propagation effects, e.g. Doppler effect, propagation time, direction of propagation, <class-ref scheme="cpc">G01S</class-ref>; measuring speed of nuclear radiation <class-ref scheme="cpc">G01T</class-ref>; measuring acceleration of gravity <class-ref scheme="cpc">G01V</class-ref>; </text><CPC-specific-text><text>measuring or recording the speed of trains <class-ref scheme="cpc">B61L23/00</class-ref>; speed indicators incorporated in motor vehicles <class-ref scheme="cpc">B60K35/00</class-ref>; measuring frequency or phase <class-ref scheme="cpc">G01R</class-ref>; traffic control <class-ref scheme="cpc">G08G</class-ref></text></CPC-specific-text></reference></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings date-revised="2013-01-01"><note type="note"><note-paragraph>This subclass <u>covers</u> measuring direction or velocity of flowing fluids using propagation effects of radiowaves or other waves caused in the fluid itself, e.g. by laser anemometer, by ultrasonic flowmeter with "sing-around-system".</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>Attention is drawn to the Notes following the title of class <class-ref scheme="cpc">G01</class-ref>.</note-paragraph></note><note type="warning"><note-paragraph>In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.</note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-G01Q.xml" sort-key="G01Q" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2018-05-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>G01Q</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>SCANNING-PROBE TECHNIQUES OR APPARATUS</text></title-part><title-part><text>APPLICATIONS OF SCANNING-PROBE TECHNIQUES, e.g. SCANNING PROBE MICROSCOPY [SPM]</text></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings date-revised="2013-01-01"><note type="note"><note-paragraph> In this subclass, the first place priority rule is applied, i.e. at each hierarchical level, in the absence of an indication to the contrary, classification is made in the first appropriate place. </note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-G01R.xml" sort-key="G01R" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2021-05-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>G01R</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2021-05-01"><title-part><text>MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES</text></title-part><title-part><text>MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES </text><reference><text>indicating correct tuning of resonant circuits <class-ref scheme="cpc">H03J3/12</class-ref></text></reference></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings date-revised="2013-01-01"><note type="note"><note-paragraph> This subclass <u>covers</u>: <subnote type="bullet"><note-paragraph>measuring all kinds of electric or magnetic variables directly or by derivation from other electric or magnetic variables; </note-paragraph><note-paragraph>measuring all kinds of electric or magnetic properties of materials; </note-paragraph><note-paragraph>testing electric or magnetic devices, apparatus or networks, (e.g. discharge tubes, amplifiers) or measuring their characteristics; </note-paragraph><note-paragraph>indicating presence or sign of current or voltage; </note-paragraph><note-paragraph>NMR, EPR or other spin-effect apparatus, not specially adapted for a particular application; </note-paragraph><note-paragraph>equipment for generating signals to be used for carrying out such tests and measurements.</note-paragraph></subnote></note-paragraph><note-paragraph> In this subclass, the following terms or expressions are used with the meanings indicated : <subnote type="bullet"><note-paragraph>"measuring" includes investigating; </note-paragraph><note-paragraph>"instruments" or "measuring instruments" means electro-mechanical measuring mechanisms; </note-paragraph><note-paragraph>"arrangements for measuring" means apparatus, circuits, or methods for measuring;</note-paragraph></subnote></note-paragraph><note-paragraph>Attention is drawn to the Notes following the title of class <class-ref scheme="cpc">G01</class-ref>.</note-paragraph><note-paragraph> In this subclass, instruments or arrangements for measuring electric variables are classified in the following way: <subnote type="bullet"><note-paragraph>Electromechanical instruments where the measured electric variables directly effect the indication of the measured value, including combined effects of two or more values, are classified in groups <class-ref scheme="cpc">G01R5/00</class-ref> - <class-ref scheme="cpc">G01R11/00</class-ref>. </note-paragraph><note-paragraph>Details common to different types of the instruments covered by groups <class-ref scheme="cpc">G01R5/00</class-ref> - <class-ref scheme="cpc">G01R11/00</class-ref> are classified in group <class-ref scheme="cpc">G01R1/00</class-ref>. </note-paragraph><note-paragraph>Arrangements involving circuitry to obtain an indication of a measured value by deriving, calculating or otherwise processing electric variables, e.g. by comparison with another value, are classified in groups <class-ref scheme="cpc">G01R17/00</class-ref> - <class-ref scheme="cpc">G01R29/00</class-ref>. </note-paragraph><note-paragraph>Details common to different types of arrangements covered by groups <class-ref scheme="cpc">G01R17/00</class-ref> - <class-ref scheme="cpc">G01R29/00</class-ref> are classified in group <class-ref scheme="cpc">G01R15/00</class-ref>.</note-paragraph></subnote></note-paragraph><note-paragraph>In this subclass, group <class-ref scheme="cpc">G01R17/00</class-ref> takes precedence over groups <class-ref scheme="cpc">G01R19/00</class-ref> - <class-ref scheme="cpc">G01R31/00</class-ref>.</note-paragraph></note><note type="warning"><note-paragraph>In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.</note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-G01S.xml" sort-key="G01S" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2019-08-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>G01S</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2019-08-01"><title-part><text>RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING</text></title-part><title-part><text>RADIO NAVIGATION</text></title-part><title-part><text>DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES</text></title-part><title-part><text>LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES</text></title-part><title-part><text>ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES</text></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings date-revised="2013-01-01"><note type="note"><note-paragraph> In this subclass, the following term is used with the meaning indicated: <subnote type="bullet"><note-paragraph>"transponder" means an arrangement which reacts to an incoming interrogating or detecting wave by emitting a specific answering or identifying wave.</note-paragraph></subnote></note-paragraph><note-paragraph>Attention is drawn to the Notes following the title of class <class-ref scheme="cpc">G01</class-ref> and to Note (1) following the title of subclass <class-ref scheme="cpc">G09B</class-ref>.</note-paragraph></note><note type="warning"><note-paragraph warning-type="ipc-not-used">The following IPC groups are not in the CPC scheme. The subject matter for these IPC groups is classified in the following CPC groups: <table><row><entry><class-ref scheme="ipc">G01S7/26</class-ref></entry><entry> covered by </entry><entry><class-ref scheme="cpc">G01S7/06</class-ref></entry></row></table></note-paragraph><note-paragraph>In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.</note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-G01T.xml" sort-key="G01T" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2021-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>G01T</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2021-01-01"><title-part><text>MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION </text><reference><text>radiation analysis of materials, mass spectrometry <class-ref scheme="cpc">G01N23/00</class-ref>; tubes for determining the presence, intensity, density or energy of radiation or particles <class-ref scheme="cpc">H01J47/00</class-ref></text></reference></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings date-revised="2013-01-01"><note type="note"><note-paragraph>This subclass <u>covers</u> the measurement of X-radiation, gamma radiation, corpuscular radiation, cosmic radiation or neutron radiation.</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>Attention is drawn to the Notes following the title of class <class-ref scheme="cpc">G01</class-ref>.</note-paragraph></note><note type="warning"><note-paragraph>In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.</note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-G01V.xml" sort-key="G01V" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2021-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>G01V</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2021-01-01"><title-part><text>GEOPHYSICS</text></title-part><title-part><text>GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS</text></title-part><title-part><text>DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS</text></title-part><title-part><text>TAGS </text><reference><text>means for indicating the location of accidentally buried, e.g. snow-buried persons <class-ref scheme="cpc">A63B29/02</class-ref></text></reference></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings date-revised="2013-01-01"><note type="note"><note-paragraph>This subclass <u>covers</u> radar, sonar, lidar or analogous systems specifically designed for geophysical use. Radar, sonar, lidar or analogous systems, or details of such systems, if of a general interest, are also classified in subclass <class-ref scheme="cpc">G01S</class-ref>.</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>In this subclass, the following term is used with the meaning indicated:<subnote type="bullet"><note-paragraph>"tags" means arrangements cooperating with a detecting field, e.g. near field, and designed to produce a specific detectable effect; "tags" also means active markers capable of generating a detectable field.</note-paragraph></subnote></note-paragraph><note-paragraph>In this subclass, the geophysical methods apply both to the earth and to other celestial objects, e.g. planets.</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>Attention is drawn to the Notes following the title of class <class-ref scheme="cpc">G01</class-ref>.</note-paragraph></note><note type="warning"><note-paragraph warning-type="ipc-not-used">The following IPC groups are not in the CPC scheme. The subject matter for these IPC groups is classified in the following CPC groups: <table><row><entry><class-ref scheme="ipc">G01V3/11</class-ref></entry><entry> covered by </entry><entry><class-ref scheme="cpc">G01V3/101</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">G01V3/104</class-ref></entry></row></table></note-paragraph><note-paragraph>In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.</note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-G01W.xml" sort-key="G01W" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2018-08-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>G01W</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>METEOROLOGY </text><reference><text>influencing weather conditions <class-ref scheme="cpc">A01G15/00</class-ref>; dispersing fog <class-ref scheme="cpc">E01H13/00</class-ref>; instruments for measuring single variable in general, <u>see</u> the appropriate subclass of <class-ref scheme="cpc">G01</class-ref>, e.g. <class-ref scheme="cpc">G01K</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">G01L</class-ref>; obtaining meteorological information by radar <class-ref scheme="cpc">G01S13/95</class-ref></text></reference></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings><note type="warning"><note-paragraph>In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.</note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="4" additional-only="false" sort-key="G02" date-revised="2022-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>G02</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2019-05-01"><title-part><text>OPTICS</text></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings date-revised="2013-01-01"><note type="note"><note-paragraph>In this class, the following terms are used with the meaning indicated: <subnote type="bullet"><note-paragraph>"optical" or "optics" apply not only to visible light but also to ultraviolet or infrared radiation.</note-paragraph></subnote></note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-G02B.xml" sort-key="G02B" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2022-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>G02B</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2022-01-01"><title-part><text>OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS</text></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings date-revised="2013-01-01"><note type="note"><note-paragraph> Attention is drawn to the Notes following the titles of class <class-ref scheme="cpc">B81</class-ref> and subclass <class-ref scheme="cpc">B81B</class-ref> relating to "microstructural devices" and "microstructural systems". </note-paragraph><note-paragraph>This subclass <u>does not cover</u>:<subnote type="bullet"><note-paragraph>devices or arrangements, the optical operation of which is modified by changing the optical properties of the medium of the devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light, frequency-changing, non-linear optics, optical logic elements;</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>optical analogue/digital converters​;</note-paragraph></subnote>which are covered by subclass <class-ref scheme="cpc">G02F</class-ref>.</note-paragraph></note><note type="warning"><note-paragraph warning-type="ipc-not-used">The following IPC groups are not in the CPC scheme. The subject matter for these IPC groups is classified in the following CPC groups:<table><row><entry><class-ref scheme="ipc">G02B11/00</class-ref> – <class-ref scheme="ipc">G02B11/34</class-ref></entry><entry> covered by </entry><entry><class-ref scheme="cpc">G02B9/00</class-ref> and <class-ref scheme="cpc">G02B13/00</class-ref></entry></row></table></note-paragraph><note-paragraph>In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.</note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-G02C.xml" sort-key="G02C" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2018-08-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>G02C</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>SPECTACLES</text></title-part><title-part><text>SUNGLASSES OR GOGGLES INSOFAR AS THEY HAVE THE SAME FEATURES AS SPECTACLES</text></title-part><title-part><text>CONTACT LENSES </text><reference><text>trial frames for testing the eyes <class-ref scheme="cpc">A61B3/04</class-ref>; goggles or eyeshields not having the same features as spectacles <class-ref scheme="cpc">A61F9/00</class-ref></text></reference></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings date-revised="2013-01-01"><note type="note"><note-paragraph>This subclass also covers monocles, pince-nez or lorgnettes.</note-paragraph></note><note type="warning"><note-paragraph>In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.</note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-G02F.xml" sort-key="G02F" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2022-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>G02F</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2022-01-01"><title-part><text>OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN</text></title-part><title-part><text>NON-LINEAR OPTICS</text></title-part><title-part><text>FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT</text></title-part><title-part><text>OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS</text></title-part><title-part><text>OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS</text></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings date-revised="2013-01-01"><note type="warning"><note-paragraph warning-type="ipc-not-used">The following IPC groups are not in the CPC scheme. The subject matter for these IPC groups is classified in the following CPC groups: <br/> Subject matter covered by these groups is classified in the following CPC groups: <table><row><entry><class-ref scheme="ipc">G02F1/13357</class-ref></entry><entry> covered by </entry><entry><class-ref scheme="cpc">G02F1/1336</class-ref> and subgroups </entry></row></table></note-paragraph><note-paragraph>In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.</note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="4" additional-only="false" sort-key="G03" date-revised="2019-05-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>G03</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2019-05-01"><title-part><text>PHOTOGRAPHY</text></title-part><title-part><text>CINEMATOGRAPHY</text></title-part><title-part><text>ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES</text></title-part><title-part><text>ELECTROGRAPHY</text></title-part><title-part><text>HOLOGRAPHY</text></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings><note type="note"><note-paragraph><subnote type="number"><note-paragraph> This class does not cover reproduction of pictures or patterns by scanning and converting into electrical signals, which is covered by subclass <class-ref scheme="cpc">H04N</class-ref>. </note-paragraph><note-paragraph> In this class, the following terms are used with the meaning indicated:<br/> <subnote type="bullet"><note-paragraph> "records" means photographs or any other kind of latent, directly-visible or permanent storage of pictorial information, which consist of an imagewise distribution of a quantity, e.g. an electric charge pattern, recorded on a carrier member; </note-paragraph><note-paragraph> "optical" applies not only to visible light but also to ultra-violet or infra-red radiations. </note-paragraph></subnote></note-paragraph></subnote></note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-G03B.xml" sort-key="G03B" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2021-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>G03B</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2018-05-01"><title-part><text>APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM</text></title-part><title-part><text>APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES</text></title-part><title-part><text>ACCESSORIES THEREFOR </text><reference><text>optical parts of such apparatus <class-ref scheme="cpc">G02B</class-ref>; photosensitive materials or processes for photographic purposes <class-ref scheme="cpc">G03C</class-ref>; apparatus for processing exposed photographic materials <class-ref scheme="cpc">G03D</class-ref></text></reference></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings date-revised="2013-01-01"><note type="note"><note-paragraph>This subclass <u>covers</u>, as far as processes are concerned, only processes characterised by the use or manipulation of apparatus classifiable <u>per se</u> in this subclass.</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>In this subclass, the following term is used with the meaning indicated: <subnote><note-paragraph>"camera" means apparatus or arrangements for taking photographs.</note-paragraph></subnote></note-paragraph></note><note type="warning"><note-paragraph>In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.</note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-G03C.xml" sort-key="G03C" definition-exists="false" date-revised="2021-08-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>G03C</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES </text><reference><text>for photomechanical purposes <class-ref scheme="cpc">G03F</class-ref></text></reference></title-part><title-part><text>PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES</text></title-part><title-part><text>AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY </text><reference><text>photographic processes characterised by the use or manipulation of apparatus classifiable <u>per se</u> in subclass <class-ref scheme="cpc">G03B</class-ref>, <u>see</u> <class-ref scheme="cpc">G03B</class-ref>; photomechanical production of textured or patterned surfaces <class-ref scheme="cpc">G03F</class-ref>; electrophotography, magnetography <class-ref scheme="cpc">G03G</class-ref></text></reference></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings date-revised="2013-01-01"><note type="note"><note-paragraph> In this subclass, the following expressions are used with the meanings indicated : <subnote type="bullet"><note-paragraph>"photosensitive compositions" covers photosensitive substances, e.g. silverhalides, and, if applicable, binders or additives; </note-paragraph><note-paragraph>"photosensitive materials" covers the photosensitive compositions, e.g. emulsions, the bases carrying them, and, if applicable, auxiliary layers. </note-paragraph></subnote></note-paragraph></note><note type="warning"><note-paragraph><CPC-specific-note>In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.</CPC-specific-note></note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-G03D.xml" sort-key="G03D" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2018-08-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>G03D</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>APPARATUS FOR PROCESSING EXPOSED PHOTOGRAPHIC MATERIALS </text><reference><text>apparatus specially adapted for photomechanical production of textured or patterned surfaces <class-ref scheme="cpc">G03F</class-ref></text></reference></title-part><title-part><text>ACCESSORIES THEREFOR </text><reference><text>photosensitive materials or processes for photographic purposes <class-ref scheme="cpc">G03C</class-ref>; electrographic, electrophotographic, or magnetographic methods or apparatus <class-ref scheme="cpc">G03G</class-ref></text></reference></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings><note type="warning"><note-paragraph>In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.</note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-G03F.xml" sort-key="G03F" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2018-08-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>G03F</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES</text></title-part><title-part><text>MATERIALS THEREFOR</text></title-part><title-part><text>ORIGINALS THEREFOR</text></title-part><title-part><text>APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR; </text><reference><text>phototypographic composing devices <class-ref scheme="cpc">B41B</class-ref>; photosensitive materials or processes for photographic purposes <class-ref scheme="cpc">G03C</class-ref>; electrophotography, sensitive layers or processes therefor <class-ref scheme="cpc">G03G</class-ref></text></reference></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings date-revised="2013-01-01"><note type="note"><note-paragraph> In this subclass, the following terms or expressions are used with the meanings indicated : <subnote type="bullet"><note-paragraph>"photosensitive" means not only sensitive to electro- magnetic radiation but also to corpuscular radiation; </note-paragraph><note-paragraph>"photosensitive compositions" covers photosensitive substances, e.g. quinonediazides, and, if applicable, binders or additives; </note-paragraph><note-paragraph>"photosensitive materials" covers the photosensitive compositions, e.g. photoresists, the bases carrying them and, if applicable, auxiliary layers. </note-paragraph></subnote></note-paragraph></note><note type="warning"><note-paragraph warning-type="ipc-not-used">The following IPC groups are not in the CPC scheme. The subject matter for these IPC groups is classified in the following CPC groups: <table><row><entry><class-ref scheme="ipc">G03F3/08</class-ref></entry><entry> covered by </entry><entry><class-ref scheme="cpc">H04N1/46</class-ref></entry></row><row><entry><class-ref scheme="ipc">G03F7/207</class-ref></entry><entry> covered by </entry><entry><class-ref scheme="cpc">G03F7/20</class-ref></entry></row><row><entry><class-ref scheme="ipc">G03F7/23</class-ref></entry><entry> covered by </entry><entry><class-ref scheme="cpc">G03F7/22</class-ref></entry></row><row><entry><class-ref scheme="ipc">G03F9/02</class-ref></entry><entry> covered by </entry><entry><class-ref scheme="cpc">G03F9/00</class-ref></entry></row></table></note-paragraph><note-paragraph>In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.</note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-G03G.xml" sort-key="G03G" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2018-08-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>G03G</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>ELECTROGRAPHY</text></title-part><title-part><text>ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY</text></title-part><title-part><text>MAGNETOGRAPHY </text><reference><text>information storage based on relative movement between record carrier and transducer <class-ref scheme="cpc">G11B</class-ref>; static stores with means for writing-in or reading-out information <class-ref scheme="cpc">G11C</class-ref>; recording of television signals <class-ref scheme="cpc">H04N5/76</class-ref></text></reference></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings date-revised="2013-01-01"><note type="note"><note-paragraph> This subclass <u>covers</u>: <subnote type="bullet"><note-paragraph>the production of permanent directly-visible pictures in conformity with an original picture or document, using an intermediate imagewise distribution of an electric or magnetic quantity, such as a charge pattern, an electric conductivity pattern, or a magnetic pattern; </note-paragraph><note-paragraph>the production of permanent directly-visible pictures using an intermediate imagewise distribution of an electric or magnetic quantity, when the origin and the way of generating said intermediate distribution are not relevant. </note-paragraph></subnote></note-paragraph><note-paragraph> This subclass <u>does not cover</u>: <subnote type="bullet"><note-paragraph>use of electric signals for the transmission of the picture information from the original to the reproduction, i.e. pictorial communication, which is covered by subclass <class-ref scheme="cpc">H04N</class-ref>;</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>production of pictures by heat patterns exclusively, not using an electrostatic or magnetic pattern, which is covered by group <class-ref scheme="cpc">B41M5/00</class-ref>; </note-paragraph><note-paragraph>production of prints by transferring ink from a printing form to a printing surface, without physical contact and using the force of an electrostatic field, which is covered by subclass <class-ref scheme="cpc">B41M</class-ref>;</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>selective printing mechanisms characterised by the selective supply of electric current, or the selective application of magnetism or radiation, to a printing material or impression-transfer material, which are covered by groups <class-ref scheme="cpc">B41J2/385</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">B41J2/435</class-ref>. </note-paragraph></subnote></note-paragraph></note><note type="warning"><note-paragraph>In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.</note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-G03H.xml" sort-key="G03H" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2020-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>G03H</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2020-01-01"><title-part><text>HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS </text><reference><text>holograms, e.g. point holograms, used as ordinary optical elements <class-ref scheme="cpc">G02B5/32</class-ref>; producing stereoscopic or other three-dimensional effects <class-ref scheme="cpc">G02B30/00</class-ref>; diffraction-grating systems <class-ref scheme="cpc">G02B27/44</class-ref>; systems using moiré fringes <class-ref scheme="cpc">G02B27/60</class-ref>; optical logic elements <class-ref scheme="cpc">G02F3/00</class-ref>; stereo-photography <class-ref scheme="cpc">G03B35/00</class-ref>; photosensitive materials or processes for photographic purposes <class-ref scheme="cpc">G03C</class-ref>; </text><CPC-specific-text><text>stereo-photographic or similar processes <class-ref scheme="cpc">G03C9/00</class-ref></text></CPC-specific-text><text>; apparatus for processing exposed photographic materials <class-ref scheme="cpc">G03D</class-ref>; analogue computers performing mathematical operations with the aid of optical elements <class-ref scheme="cpc">G06E3/00</class-ref>; authentication by radiation, of concealed information carried by holograms or diffraction gratings <class-ref scheme="cpc">G06K19/16</class-ref>; holographic storage <class-ref scheme="cpc">G11B7/0065</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">G11C13/04</class-ref>; </text><CPC-specific-text><text>stereoscopic or other three dimensional effects in television systems <class-ref scheme="cpc">H04N13/00</class-ref></text></CPC-specific-text></reference></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings date-revised="2013-01-01"><note type="note"><note-paragraph>This subclass <u>covers</u> means for producing a record of the phase and amplitude information of a wave-front, which information can be used to reconstruct the original wave-front, or means to reconstruct the original wave-front from a record containing the phase and amplitude information of the wave-front.</note-paragraph></note><note type="warning"><note-paragraph>In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.</note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="4" additional-only="false" sort-key="G04" date-revised="2013-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>G04</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>HOROLOGY</text></title-part></class-title>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-G04B.xml" sort-key="G04B" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2018-08-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>G04B</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES</text></title-part><title-part><text>MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL</text></title-part><title-part><text>TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS </text><reference><text>spring- or weight-driven mechanisms in general <class-ref scheme="cpc">F03G</class-ref>; electromechanical clocks or watches <class-ref scheme="cpc">G04C</class-ref>; electromechanical clocks with attached or built-in means operating any device at pre-selected times or after predetermined time intervals <class-ref scheme="cpc">G04C23/00</class-ref>; clocks or watches with stop devices <class-ref scheme="cpc">G04F7/08</class-ref></text></reference></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings date-revised="2013-01-01"><note type="note"><note-paragraph>This subclass <u>covers</u> mechanically-driven clocks or clockwork calendars, and the mechanical part of such clocks or calendars.</note-paragraph></note><note type="warning"><note-paragraph>In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.</note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-G04C.xml" sort-key="G04C" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2018-08-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>G04C</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>ELECTROMECHANICAL CLOCKS OR WATCHES </text><reference><text>mechanical parts of clocks or watches in general <class-ref scheme="cpc">G04B</class-ref>; electronic time-pieces with no moving parts, electronic circuitry for producing timing pulses <class-ref scheme="cpc">G04G</class-ref></text></reference></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings date-revised="2013-01-01"><note type="note"><note-paragraph>This subclass <u>covers</u> electric features of mechanically-driven clocks or watches, such as electric winding of such clocks or the provision of electric contacts thereon.</note-paragraph></note><note type="warning"><note-paragraph>In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.</note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-G04D.xml" sort-key="G04D" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2020-05-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>G04D</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2016-05-01"><title-part><text>APPARATUS OR TOOLS SPECIALLY DESIGNED FOR MAKING OR MAINTAINING CLOCKS OR WATCHES</text></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings><note type="warning"><note-paragraph>In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.</note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-G04F.xml" sort-key="G04F" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2023-02-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>G04F</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2023-02-01"><title-part><text>TIME-INTERVAL MEASURING </text><reference><text>measuring pulse characteristics <class-ref scheme="cpc">G01R</class-ref>, e.g. <class-ref scheme="cpc">G01R29/02</class-ref>; in radar or like systems <class-ref scheme="cpc">G01S</class-ref></text></reference></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings date-revised="2013-01-01"><note type="note"><note-paragraph>This subclass <u>covers</u>: <subnote type="bullet"><note-paragraph>apparatus for measuring-off predetermined time intervals; </note-paragraph><note-paragraph>apparatus for producing such intervals as timing standards, e.g. metronomes; </note-paragraph><note-paragraph>apparatus for measuring unknown intervals, e.g. precision systems for short time interval measurement.</note-paragraph></subnote></note-paragraph></note><note type="warning"><note-paragraph warning-type="ipc-not-used">The following IPC groups are not in the CPC scheme. The subject matter for these IPC groups is classified in the following CPC groups: <table><row><entry><class-ref scheme="ipc">G04F10/08</class-ref></entry><entry> covered by </entry><entry><class-ref scheme="cpc">G04F5/16</class-ref></entry></row></table></note-paragraph><note-paragraph><CPC-specific-note>In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.</CPC-specific-note></note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-G04G.xml" sort-key="G04G" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2018-08-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>G04G</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>ELECTRONIC TIME-PIECES</text></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings date-revised="2013-01-01"><note type="note"><note-paragraph>This subclass <u>covers</u>: <subnote type="bullet"><note-paragraph>electronic time-pieces with no moving parts;</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>electronic circuitry for producing timing pulses irrespective of the nature of the time indicating means utilised.</note-paragraph></subnote></note-paragraph><note-paragraph>This subclass <u>does not cover</u> electronic time-pieces with moving parts, which are covered by subclass <class-ref scheme="cpc">G04C</class-ref>.</note-paragraph></note><note type="warning"><note-paragraph>In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.</note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-G04R.xml" sort-key="G04R" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2013-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>G04R</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>RADIO-CONTROLLED TIME-PIECES</text></title-part></class-title></classification-item></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="4" additional-only="false" sort-key="G05" date-revised="2019-05-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>G05</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2019-05-01"><title-part><text>CONTROLLING</text></title-part><title-part><text>REGULATING</text></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings date-revised="2013-01-01"><note type="note"><note-paragraph>This class <u>covers</u> methods, systems, and apparatus for controlling, in general.</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>In this class, the following terms or expressions are used with the meanings indicated: <subnote type="bullet"><note-paragraph>"controlling" means influencing a variable in any way, e.g. changing its direction or its value (including changing it to or from zero), maintaining it constant, limiting its range of variation; </note-paragraph><note-paragraph>"regulation" means maintaining a variable automatically at a desired value or within a desired range of values. The desired value or range may be fixed, or manually varied, or may vary with time according to a predeterminated "programme" or according to variation of another variable. Regulation is a form of control; </note-paragraph><note-paragraph>"automatic control" is often used in the art as a synonym for "regulation".</note-paragraph></subnote></note-paragraph><note-paragraph>Attention is drawn to the Notes following the title of section <class-ref scheme="cpc">G</class-ref>, especially as regards the definition of the term "variable".</note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-G05B.xml" sort-key="G05B" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2019-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>G05B</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL</text></title-part><title-part><text>FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS</text></title-part><title-part><text>MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS </text><reference><text>fluid-pressure actuators or systems acting by means of fluids in general <class-ref scheme="cpc">F15B</class-ref>; valves <u>per se</u> <class-ref scheme="cpc">F16K</class-ref>; characterised by mechanical features only <class-ref scheme="cpc">G05G</class-ref>; sensitive elements, <u>see</u> the appropriate subclass, e.g. <class-ref scheme="cpc">G12B</class-ref>, subclass of <class-ref scheme="cpc">G01</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">H01</class-ref>; correcting units, <u>see</u> the appropriate subclass, e.g. <class-ref scheme="cpc">H02K</class-ref></text></reference></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings date-revised="2013-01-01"><note type="note"><note-paragraph>This subclass <u>covers</u> features of control systems or elements for regulating specific variables, which are clearly more generally applicable.<br/> </note-paragraph><note-paragraph> This subclass <u>does not cover</u>:<subnote type="alpha"><note-paragraph>systems for controlling or regulating non-electric variables in general, which are covered by subclass <class-ref scheme="cpc">G05D</class-ref>;</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>systems for regulating electric or magnetic variables in general, which are covered by subclass <class-ref scheme="cpc">G05F</class-ref>;</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>systems specially adapted for the control of particular machines or apparatus provided for in a single other subclass, which are classified in the relevant subclass for such machines or apparatus, provided that there is specific provision for control or regulation relevant to the special adaptation. Otherwise, classification is made in the most appropriate place in this subclass.</note-paragraph></subnote></note-paragraph><note-paragraph>IIn this subclass, the following terms or expressions are used with the meanings indicated:<subnote type="bullet"><note-paragraph>"automatic controller" means a system, circuit, or device in which a signal from the detecting element is compared with a signal representing the desired value and which operates in such a way as to reduce the deviation. The automatic controller generally does not include the sensitive element, i.e. that element which measures the value of the condition to be corrected, or the correcting element, i.e. that element which adjusts the condition to be corrected;<br/> </note-paragraph><note-paragraph>"electric" includes "electromechanical", "electrohydraulic" or "electropneumatic".<br/> </note-paragraph></subnote></note-paragraph><note-paragraph>In this subclass, details or specific control systems are classified in the group relevant to that system, if not otherwise provided for.<br/> </note-paragraph></note><note type="warning"><note-paragraph>In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.</note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-G05D.xml" sort-key="G05D" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2023-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>G05D</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2023-01-01"><title-part><text>SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES</text></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings date-revised="2013-01-01"><note type="note"><note-paragraph> This subclass <u>does not cover</u> features of general applicability to regulating systems, e.g. anti-hunting arrangements, which are covered by subclass <class-ref scheme="cpc">G05B</class-ref>.</note-paragraph><note-paragraph> In this subclass, the following term is used with the meaning indicated:<subnote type="bullet"><note-paragraph>"systems" includes self-contained devices such as speed governors, pressure regulators. </note-paragraph></subnote></note-paragraph><note-paragraph> Control systems specially adapted for particular apparatus, machines or processes are classified in the subclasses for the apparatus, machines or processes, provided that there is specific provision for control or regulation relevant to the special adaptation, either at a detailed level, e.g. <class-ref scheme="cpc">A21B1/40</class-ref>: "for regulating temperature in bakers' ovens", or at a general level, e.g. <class-ref scheme="cpc">B23K9/095</class-ref>: "for automatic control of welding parameters in arc welding". Otherwise, classification is made in the most appropriate place in this subclass. </note-paragraph></note><note type="warning"><note-paragraph>In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.</note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-G05F.xml" sort-key="G05F" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2020-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>G05F</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2020-01-01"><title-part><text>SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES </text><reference><text>regulating the timing or recurrence frequency of pulses in radar or radio navigation systems <class-ref scheme="cpc">G01S</class-ref>; regulation of current or voltage, specially adapted for use in electronic time-pieces <class-ref scheme="cpc">G04G19/02</class-ref>; closed-loop systems for regulating non-electric variables by electric means <class-ref scheme="cpc">G05D</class-ref>; regulating power supply of digital computers <class-ref scheme="cpc">G06F1/26</class-ref>; for obtaining desired operating characteristics of electromagnets with armatures <class-ref scheme="cpc">H01F7/18</class-ref>; regulating electric power distribution networks <class-ref scheme="cpc">H02J</class-ref>; regulating the charging of batteries <class-ref scheme="cpc">H02J7/00</class-ref>; regulation of the output of static converters, e.g. switching regulators <class-ref scheme="cpc">H02M</class-ref>; regulation of the output of electric generators <class-ref scheme="cpc">H02N</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">H02P9/00</class-ref>; controlling transformers, reactors or choke coils <class-ref scheme="cpc">H02P13/00</class-ref>; regulating frequency response, gain, maximum output, amplitude or bandwidth of amplifiers <class-ref scheme="cpc">H03G</class-ref>; regulating tuning of resonant circuits <class-ref scheme="cpc">H03J</class-ref>; regulating characteristics of transmission lines <class-ref scheme="cpc">H04B</class-ref>; controlling electric light sources <class-ref scheme="cpc">H05B39/04</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">H05B41/36</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">H05B45/10</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">H05B45/20</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">H05B47/10</class-ref>; electric control of X-ray apparatus <class-ref scheme="cpc">H05G1/30</class-ref></text></reference></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings date-revised="2013-01-01"><note type="note"><note-paragraph>This subclass <u>covers</u>: <subnote type="bullet"><note-paragraph>systems only; </note-paragraph><note-paragraph>use of hydraulic, pneumatic, mechanical, and electrical motors for varying electric characteristics of devices which restore the quantity regulated; </note-paragraph><note-paragraph>the combination of static converters and current or voltage regulators, if the invention resides in the combination.</note-paragraph></subnote></note-paragraph><note-paragraph>This subclass <u>does not cover</u> elements <u>per se</u>, which are covered by the relevant subclasses.</note-paragraph></note><note type="warning"><note-paragraph warning-type="ipc-not-used">The following IPC groups are not in the CPC scheme. The subject matter for these IPC groups is classified in the following CPC groups: <table><row><entry><class-ref scheme="ipc">G05F3/28</class-ref></entry><entry> covered by </entry><entry><class-ref scheme="cpc">G05F3/26</class-ref></entry></row><row><entry><class-ref scheme="ipc">G05F5/02</class-ref></entry><entry> covered by </entry><entry><class-ref scheme="cpc">G05F5/00</class-ref></entry></row><row><entry><class-ref scheme="ipc">G05F5/04</class-ref></entry><entry> covered by </entry><entry><class-ref scheme="cpc">G05F5/00</class-ref></entry></row><row><entry><class-ref scheme="ipc">G05F5/06</class-ref></entry><entry> covered by </entry><entry><class-ref scheme="cpc">G05F5/00</class-ref></entry></row><row><entry><class-ref scheme="ipc">G05F5/08</class-ref></entry><entry> covered by </entry><entry><class-ref scheme="cpc">G05F5/00</class-ref></entry></row></table></note-paragraph><note-paragraph>In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.</note-paragraph></
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-G05G.xml" sort-key="G05G" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2019-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>G05G</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2016-05-01"><title-part><text>CONTROL DEVICES OR SYSTEMS INSOFAR AS CHARACTERISED BY MECHANICAL FEATURES ONLY </text><reference><text>"Bowden" or like mechanisms <class-ref scheme="cpc">F16C1/10</class-ref>; gearings or mechanisms not peculiar to this purpose <class-ref scheme="cpc">F16H</class-ref>; speed changing or reversing mechanisms for gearings conveying rotary motion <class-ref scheme="cpc">F16H59/00</class-ref> - <class-ref scheme="cpc">F16H63/00</class-ref></text></reference></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings date-revised="2013-01-01"><note type="note"><note-paragraph>This subclass <u>covers</u>: <subnote type="bullet"><note-paragraph>members of general applicability for mechanical control; </note-paragraph><note-paragraph>mechanical systems for moving members to one or more definite settings.</note-paragraph></subnote></note-paragraph><note-paragraph>Systems peculiar to the control of particular machines or apparatus provided for in a single other class are classified in the relevant class for such machines or apparatus.</note-paragraph></note><note type="warning"><note-paragraph>In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.</note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="4" additional-only="false" sort-key="G06" date-revised="2023-02-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>G06</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2023-02-01"><title-part><text>COMPUTING</text></title-part><title-part><text>CALCULATING OR COUNTING</text></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings date-revised="2013-01-01"><note type="note"><note-paragraph> This class <u>covers</u>: <subnote type="bullet"><note-paragraph> simulators which are concerned with the mathematics of computing the existing or anticipated conditions within the real device or system; </note-paragraph><note-paragraph> simulators which demonstrate, by means involving computing, the function of apparatus or of a system, if no provision exists elsewhere; </note-paragraph><note-paragraph> image data processing or generation. </note-paragraph></subnote></note-paragraph><note-paragraph> This class <u>does not cover</u>: <subnote type="bullet"><note-paragraph> combinations of writing implements with computing devices, which are covered by group <class-ref scheme="cpc">B43K29/08</class-ref>; </note-paragraph><note-paragraph> control functions derived from simulators, in general, which are covered by class <class-ref scheme="cpc">G05</class-ref>, although such functions may be covered by the subclass of this class for the device controlled; </note-paragraph><note-paragraph> measurement or analysis of an individual variable to serve as an input to a simulator, which is covered by class <class-ref scheme="cpc">G01</class-ref>; </note-paragraph><note-paragraph> simulators regarded as teaching or training devices which is the case if they give perceptible sensations having a likeness to the sensations a student would experience in reality in response to actions taken by him. Such simulators are covered by class <class-ref scheme="cpc">G09</class-ref>; </note-paragraph><note-paragraph> components of simulators, if identical with real devices or machines, which are covered by the relevant subclass for these devices or machines and not by class <class-ref scheme="cpc">G09</class-ref>. </note-paragraph></subnote></note-paragraph><note-paragraph> In this class, the following terms or expressions are used with the meanings indicated: <subnote type="bullet"><note-paragraph> "data" is used as the synonym of "information". Therefore, the term "information" is not used in subclass <class-ref scheme="cpc">G06C</class-ref>;</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>"ICT [information and communication technology]" also covers "IT [information technology]"; </note-paragraph><note-paragraph> "calculating or computing" includes, inter alia, operations on numerical values and on data expressed in numerical form. Of these terms "computing" is used throughout the class; </note-paragraph><note-paragraph> "computation" is derived from this interpretation of "computing". In the French language, the term "calcul" will serve for either term; </note-paragraph><note-paragraph> "simulator" is a device which may use the same time scale as the real device or operate on an expanded or compressed time scale. In interpreting this term models of real devices to reduced or expanded scales are not regarded as simulators; </note-paragraph><note-paragraph> "record carrier" means a body, such as a cylinder, disc, card, tape or wire, capable of permanently holding information, which can be read-off by a sensing element movable relative to the recorded information. </note-paragraph></subnote></note-paragraph><note-paragraph> Attention is drawn to the Notes following the title of section <class-ref scheme="cpc">G</class-ref>, especially as regards the definition of the term "variable". </note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-G06C.xml" sort-key="G06C" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2023-02-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>G06C</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2023-02-01"><title-part><text>DIGITAL COMPUTERS IN WHICH ALL THE COMPUTATION IS EFFECTED MECHANICALLY </text><reference><text>score computers for card games <class-ref scheme="cpc">A63F1/18</class-ref></text></reference></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings date-revised="2013-01-01"><note type="note"><note-paragraph>This subclass <u>does not cover</u> details of mechanisms covered by main groups <class-ref scheme="cpc">G06C9/00</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">G06C11/00</class-ref> or <class-ref scheme="cpc">G06C15/00</class-ref>, which are applicable to mechanical counters driven only through the lowest denomination. Such details are covered by subclass <class-ref scheme="cpc">G06M</class-ref>.</note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-G06D.xml" sort-key="G06D" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2018-08-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>G06D</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>DIGITAL FLUID-PRESSURE COMPUTING DEVICES</text></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings date-revised="2013-01-01"><note type="note"><note-paragraph>This subclass includes all devices in which at least one computing function is performed by hydraulic or pneumatic means</note-paragraph></note><note type="warning"><note-paragraph>In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.</note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-G06E.xml" sort-key="G06E" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2013-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>G06E</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>OPTICAL COMPUTING DEVICES; </text><CPC-specific-text><text>COMPUTING DEVICES USING OTHER RADIATIONS WITH SIMILAR PROPERTIES</text></CPC-specific-text><reference><text>optical logic elements <u>per se</u> <class-ref scheme="cpc">G02F3/00</class-ref>; digital storage using optical elements <class-ref scheme="cpc">G11C13/04</class-ref></text></reference></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings date-revised="2013-01-01"><note type="note"><note-paragraph>This subclass <u>covers</u> all devices in which at least one computing function is performed by optical means.</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>If other aspects, for example mechanical, fluid pressure or electrical computing, are of interest, classification is also made in the relevant subclass for such aspects.</note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-G06F.xml" sort-key="G06F" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2018-08-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>G06F</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2018-05-01"><title-part><text>ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING </text><reference><text>computer systems based on specific computational models <class-ref scheme="cpc">G06N</class-ref></text></reference></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings date-revised="2013-01-01"><note type="note"><note-paragraph> In this subclass, the following terms or expressions are used with the meaning indicated: <subnote type="bullet"><note-paragraph>"handling" includes processing or transporting of data; </note-paragraph><note-paragraph>"data processing equipment" means an association of an electric digital data processor classifiable under group <class-ref scheme="cpc">G06F7/00</class-ref>, with one or more arrangements classifiable under groups <class-ref scheme="cpc">G06F1/00</class-ref> - <class-ref scheme="cpc">G06F5/00</class-ref> and <class-ref scheme="cpc">G06F9/00</class-ref> - <class-ref scheme="cpc">G06F13/00</class-ref>. </note-paragraph></subnote></note-paragraph></note><note type="warning"><note-paragraph warning-type="ipc-not-used">The following IPC groups are not in the CPC scheme. The subject matter for these IPC groups is classified in the following CPC groups: <table><row><entry><class-ref scheme="ipc">G06F3/18</class-ref></entry><entry> covered by </entry><entry><class-ref scheme="cpc">G06F3/00</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">G06K11/00</class-ref></entry></row><row><entry><class-ref scheme="ipc">G06F7/04</class-ref></entry><entry> covered by </entry><entry><class-ref scheme="cpc">G06F7/02</class-ref></entry></row><row><entry><class-ref scheme="ipc">G06F9/302</class-ref> - <class-ref scheme="ipc">G06F9/318</class-ref></entry><entry> covered by </entry><entry><class-ref scheme="cpc">G06F9/30</class-ref></entry></row></table></note-paragraph><note-paragraph>In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.</note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-G06G.xml" sort-key="G06G" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2018-08-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>G06G</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>ANALOGUE COMPUTERS </text><reference><text>analogue optical computing devices <class-ref scheme="cpc">G06E3/00</class-ref></text></reference></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings><note type="warning"><note-paragraph>In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.</note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-G06J.xml" sort-key="G06J" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2018-08-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>G06J</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>HYBRID COMPUTING ARRANGEMENTS </text><reference><text>optical hybrid computing devices <class-ref scheme="cpc">G06E3/00</class-ref>; </text><CPC-specific-text><text>fuzzy computing <class-ref scheme="cpc">G06N7/02</class-ref></text></CPC-specific-text><text>; neural networks for image data processing <class-ref scheme="cpc">G06T</class-ref>; analog/digital conversion, in general <class-ref scheme="cpc">H03M1/00</class-ref></text></reference></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings date-revised="2013-01-01"><note type="note"><note-paragraph>In this subclass, the following expression is used with the meaning indicated: <subnote type="bullet"><note-paragraph>"hybrid computing arrangement" is an arrangement in which part of the computation is digital and part is analogue.</note-paragraph></subnote></note-paragraph></note><note type="warning"><note-paragraph>In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.</note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-G06K.xml" sort-key="G06K" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2022-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>G06K</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2022-01-01"><title-part><text>GRAPHICAL DATA READING </text><reference><text>image or video recognition or understanding <class-ref scheme="cpc">G06V</class-ref></text></reference></title-part><title-part><text>PRESENTATION OF DATA</text></title-part><title-part><text>RECORD CARRIERS</text></title-part><title-part><text>HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS</text></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings date-revised="2013-01-01"><note type="note"><note-paragraph> This subclass <u>covers</u>: <subnote type="bullet"><note-paragraph>marking, sensing, and conveying of record carriers; </note-paragraph><note-paragraph>reading graphical representations from record carriers, e.g. barcodes;</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>presenting visually or otherwise the data recognised or the result of a computation. </note-paragraph></subnote></note-paragraph></note><note type="warning"><note-paragraph>In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.</note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-G06M.xml" sort-key="G06M" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2022-08-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>G06M</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2016-05-01"><title-part><text>COUNTING MECHANISMS</text></title-part><title-part><text>COUNTING OF OBJECTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR </text><reference><text>counting by measuring volume or weight of articles to be counted <class-ref scheme="cpc">G01F</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">G01G</class-ref>; computers <class-ref scheme="cpc">G06C</class-ref> - <class-ref scheme="cpc">G06J</class-ref>; counting electric pulses <class-ref scheme="cpc">H03K</class-ref>; counting characters, words or messages in switching networks for transmission of digital information <class-ref scheme="cpc">H04L12/08</class-ref></text></reference></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings date-revised="2013-01-01"><note type="note"><note-paragraph>This subclass <u>covers</u>: <subnote type="bullet"><note-paragraph>stepping or continuously-moving mechanical counters operated through one or more inputs applied to the lowest order mechanically or electrically; </note-paragraph><note-paragraph>counting systems involving applications of either mechanical, electrical, or electronic counters.</note-paragraph></subnote></note-paragraph></note><note type="warning"><note-paragraph><CPC-specific-note>In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.</CPC-specific-note></note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-G06N.xml" sort-key="G06N" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2022-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>G06N</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2022-01-01"><title-part><text>COMPUTING ARRANGEMENTS BASED ON SPECIFIC COMPUTATIONAL MODELS</text></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings><note type="warning"><note-paragraph>In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.</note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-G06Q.xml" sort-key="G06Q" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2023-02-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>G06Q</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2023-02-01"><title-part><text>INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES</text></title-part><title-part><text>SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR</text></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings date-revised="2013-01-01"><note type="note"><note-paragraph> Groups <class-ref scheme="cpc">G06Q10/00</class-ref> - <class-ref scheme="cpc">G06Q50/00</class-ref> and <class-ref scheme="cpc">G06Q99/00</class-ref> only <u>cover</u> systems or methods that involve significant data processing operations, i.e. data processing operations that need to be carried out by a technological, e.g. computing, system or device. Group <class-ref scheme="cpc">G06Q90/00</class-ref> <u>covers</u> systems or methods that do not involve significant data processing, when both of the following conditions are fulfilled: <subnote type="bullet"><note-paragraph> the systems or methods are specially adapted for the purposes mentioned in the subclass title or the titles of groups <class-ref scheme="cpc">G06Q10/00</class-ref> - <class-ref scheme="cpc">G06Q50/00</class-ref>; and </note-paragraph><note-paragraph>the systems or methods cannot be classified elsewhere, for example by applying the principles described in paragraph 96 of the Guide to the IPC.</note-paragraph></subnote> </note-paragraph><note-paragraph>When classifying such systems or methods in group <class-ref scheme="cpc">G06Q90/00</class-ref>, additional classification may be made in the most closely related group of this or any other subclass, if this classification gives information about the application of the systems or methods that could be of interest for search. Such non-obligatory classification must be given as "additional information".</note-paragraph></note><note type="warning"><note-paragraph warning-type="reclass-destination"><class-ref scheme="cpc">G06Q</class-ref> has been largely refined to bring most of the former USPC 705 groups into ECLA, prior to CPC launch. Therefore, most of the new <class-ref scheme="cpc">G06Q</class-ref> subdivisions are not complete pending reclassification. Users are invited to systematically consult also the hierarchically higher groups, up to the first valid IPC group. For example, while searching in <class-ref scheme="cpc">G06Q50/2053</class-ref>, it is appropriate to consult also <class-ref scheme="cpc">G06Q50/205</class-ref> and <class-ref scheme="cpc">G06Q50/20</class-ref></note-paragraph><note-paragraph>In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.</note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-G06T.xml" sort-key="G06T" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2020-05-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>G06T</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2017-01-01"><title-part><text>IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL</text></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings date-revised="2013-01-01"><note type="warning"><note-paragraph warning-type="ipc-not-used">The following IPC groups are not in the CPC scheme. The subject matter for these IPC groups is classified in the following CPC groups: <table><row><entry><class-ref scheme="ipc">G06T1/40</class-ref></entry><entry> covered by </entry><entry><class-ref scheme="cpc">G06T1/20</class-ref></entry></row></table></note-paragraph><note-paragraph>In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.</note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-G06V.xml" sort-key="G06V" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2022-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>G06V</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2022-01-01"><title-part><text>IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING</text></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings><note type="note"><note-paragraph>This subclass <u>covers</u>:<subnote type="bullet"><note-paragraph>methods or arrangements for pattern recognition or machine learning specially adapted for images or video.</note-paragraph></subnote></note-paragraph><note-paragraph>In this subclass, the following terms or expressions are used with the meaning indicated:<subnote type="bullet"><note-paragraph> "pattern recognition" means detection, categorisation, authentication and identification of patterns for explanatory purposes or to derive a certain meaning in images or video, by acquiring, preprocessing or extracting distinctive features and matching, clustering or classifying these features or representations thereof; </note-paragraph><note-paragraph>"feature extraction" means deriving descriptive or quantitative measures from images or video;</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>"clustering" means grouping or separating patterns according to their (dis)similarity or closeness;</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>"classification" means the identification of an object/feature as belonging to a class of objects/features by assigning of a label.</note-paragraph></subnote></note-paragraph><note-paragraph>In this subclass, subject matter classified in groups <class-ref scheme="cpc">G06V20/00</class-ref> - <class-ref scheme="cpc">G06V40/00</class-ref> is also classified in groups <class-ref scheme="cpc">G06V10/10</class-ref> or <class-ref scheme="cpc">G06V10/20</class-ref> respectively, if recognition relies on specific processing at the stages of acquisition or preprocessing.</note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="4" additional-only="false" sort-key="G07" date-revised="2013-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>G07</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>CHECKING-DEVICES</text></title-part></class-title>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-G07B.xml" sort-key="G07B" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2018-08-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>G07B</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>TICKET-ISSUING APPARATUS</text></title-part><title-part><text>FARE-REGISTERING APPARATUS</text></title-part><title-part><text>FRANKING APPARATUS</text></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings><note type="warning"><note-paragraph>In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.</note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-G07C.xml" sort-key="G07C" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2021-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>G07C</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2021-01-01"><title-part><text>TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS</text></title-part><title-part><text>REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES</text></title-part><title-part><text>GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS</text></title-part><title-part><text>VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS</text></title-part><title-part><text>ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE</text></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings><note type="warning"><note-paragraph>In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.</note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-G07D.xml" sort-key="G07D" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2020-05-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>G07D</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2019-01-01"><title-part><text>HANDLING OF COINS OR VALUABLE PAPERS, e.g. TESTING, SORTING BY DENOMINATIONS, COUNTING, DISPENSING, CHANGING OR DEPOSITING</text></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings date-revised="2013-01-01"><note type="note"><note-paragraph>In this subclass, the following terms or expressions are used with the meaning indicated:<subnote type="bullet"><note-paragraph>"coins" also covers tokens of similar nature;</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>"valuable papers" covers paper currency, banknotes, bills, cheques, vouchers, securities, bonds or similar valuable papers, irrespective of the material used for these, which represent monetary value that can be measured or verified.</note-paragraph></subnote></note-paragraph></note><note type="warning"><note-paragraph>In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.</note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-G07F.xml" sort-key="G07F" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2018-08-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>G07F</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>COIN-FREED OR LIKE APPARATUS </text><reference><text>coin sorting <class-ref scheme="cpc">G07D3/00</class-ref>; coin testing <class-ref scheme="cpc">G07D5/00</class-ref>; </text><CPC-specific-text><text>handling coins or paper currencies apart from payment activated apparatus <class-ref scheme="cpc">G07D</class-ref>; payment architectures, schemes or protocols <class-ref scheme="cpc">G06Q20/00</class-ref></text></CPC-specific-text></reference></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings date-revised="2013-01-01"><note type="note"><note-paragraph><br/> This subclass <u>does not cover</u> constructions or details of apparatus which includes, or is combined with, coin-actuated mechanisms but is not specially adapted or modified for use therewith. Such constructions or details are covered by the relevant subclass for the particular apparatus. </note-paragraph><note-paragraph> In this subclass, the following term are used with the meaning indicated: <subnote type="bullet"><note-paragraph><CPC-specific-note>"coin-freed" means "payment activated"</CPC-specific-note></note-paragraph><note-paragraph>"coins" covers also tokens or the like. </note-paragraph></subnote></note-paragraph></note><note type="warning"><note-paragraph>In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.</note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-G07G.xml" sort-key="G07G" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2018-08-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>G07G</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>REGISTERING THE RECEIPT OF CASH, VALUABLES, OR TOKENS </text><reference><text>digital computing in general <class-ref scheme="cpc">G06C</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">G06F</class-ref></text></reference></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings><note type="warning"><note-paragraph>In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.</note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="4" additional-only="false" sort-key="G08" date-revised="2019-05-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>G08</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2019-05-01"><title-part><text>SIGNALLING</text></title-part></class-title>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-G08B.xml" sort-key="G08B" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2021-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>G08B</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2021-01-01"><title-part><text>SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS</text></title-part><title-part><text>ORDER TELEGRAPHS</text></title-part><title-part><text>ALARM SYSTEMS</text></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings date-revised="2013-01-01"><note type="note"><note-paragraph>This subclass <u>covers</u> also means for identifying or incapacitating burglars or the like.</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>This subclass <u>does not cover</u>: <subnote type="bullet"><note-paragraph>the mere provision of an audible or visible signalling device on measuring or switching apparatus; </note-paragraph><note-paragraph>alarm systems for indicating that a specific variable has exceeded, or fallen below, a predetermined value, which are covered by the relevant subclasses of class <class-ref scheme="cpc">G01</class-ref> for the measurement of that variable.</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>alarms for specific processes or types of machines or apparatus, which are covered by the relevant subclasses for the processes, machines, or apparatus.</note-paragraph></subnote></note-paragraph><note-paragraph>In this subclass, the following term is used with the meaning indicated: <subnote type="bullet"><note-paragraph>"systems" may cover also devices peculiar thereto. </note-paragraph></subnote></note-paragraph></note><note type="warning"><note-paragraph>In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.</note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-G08C.xml" sort-key="G08C" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2020-05-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>G08C</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2020-05-01"><title-part><text>TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS FOR MEASURED VALUES, CONTROL OR SIMILAR SIGNALS </text><reference><text>fluid pressure transmitting systems <class-ref scheme="cpc">F15B</class-ref>; mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member into a different variable <class-ref scheme="cpc">G01D5/00</class-ref>; mechanical control system <class-ref scheme="cpc">G05G</class-ref></text></reference></title-part></class-title></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-G08G.xml" sort-key="G08G" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2018-08-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>G08G</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS </text><reference><text>guiding railway traffic, ensuring the safety of railway traffic <class-ref scheme="cpc">B61L</class-ref>; arrangement of road signs or traffic signals <class-ref scheme="cpc">E01F9/00</class-ref>; radar or analogous systems, sonar systems, lidar systems specially adapted for traffic control <class-ref scheme="cpc">G01S13/91</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">G01S15/88</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">G01S17/88</class-ref>; </text><CPC-specific-text><text>radar or analogous systems, sonar systems, lidar systems specially adapted for anti-collision purposes <class-ref scheme="cpc">G01S13/93</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">G01S15/93</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">G01S17/93</class-ref></text></CPC-specific-text></reference></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings date-revised="2013-01-01"><note type="note"><note-paragraph>This subclass <u>covers</u>: <subnote type="bullet"><note-paragraph>identification of traffic offenders;</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>indicating the position of vehicles for traffic control purposes;</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>navigation systems for traffic control purposes, i.e. systems in which the navigation is not performed autonomously by or in the vehicles, but where the vehicles are guided by instructions transmitted to them;</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>indication of free spaces in parking areas.</note-paragraph></subnote></note-paragraph><note-paragraph>This subclass <u>does not cover</u>:<subnote type="bullet"><note-paragraph>arrangements for measuring levels and bearings for surveillance and navigation, which are covered by <class-ref scheme="cpc">G01C</class-ref>; </note-paragraph><note-paragraph>radio navigation systems, e.g. for locating, measuring distances or velocity, which are covered by <class-ref scheme="cpc">G01S</class-ref>; </note-paragraph><note-paragraph>details of display instrumentation, which are covered by <class-ref scheme="cpc">G09F</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">G09G</class-ref></note-paragraph></subnote></note-paragraph></note><note type="warning"><note-paragraph>In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.</note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="4" additional-only="false" sort-key="G09" date-revised="2013-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>G09</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>EDUCATION</text></title-part><title-part><text>CRYPTOGRAPHY</text></title-part><title-part><text>DISPLAY</text></title-part><title-part><text>ADVERTISING</text></title-part><title-part><text>SEALS</text></title-part></class-title>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-G09B.xml" sort-key="G09B" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2018-08-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>G09B</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES</text></title-part><title-part><text>APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE</text></title-part><title-part><text>MODELS</text></title-part><title-part><text>PLANETARIA</text></title-part><title-part><text>GLOBES</text></title-part><title-part><text>MAPS</text></title-part><title-part><text>DIAGRAMS </text><reference><text>devices for psychotechnics or for testing reaction times <class-ref scheme="cpc">A61B5/16</class-ref>; games, sports, amusements <class-ref scheme="cpc">A63</class-ref>; projectors, projector screens <class-ref scheme="cpc">G03B</class-ref></text></reference></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings date-revised="2013-01-01"><note type="note"><note-paragraph>This subclass <u>covers</u>: <subnote type="bullet"><note-paragraph>simulators regarded as teaching or training devices, which is the case if they give perceptible sensations having a likeness to the sensations a student would experience in reality in response to actions taken by him; </note-paragraph><note-paragraph>models of buildings, installations, or the like.</note-paragraph></subnote></note-paragraph><note-paragraph>This subclass <u>does not cover</u>: <subnote type="bullet"><note-paragraph>simulators which demonstrate, by means involving computing, the function of apparatus or of a system, which are covered by class <class-ref scheme="cpc">G06</class-ref>, if no provision exists elsewhere </note-paragraph><note-paragraph>components of simulators, if identical with real devices or machines, which are covered by the relevant subclasses for these devices or machines (and not by class <class-ref scheme="cpc">G09</class-ref>).</note-paragraph></subnote></note-paragraph></note><note type="warning"><note-paragraph>In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.</note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-G09C.xml" sort-key="G09C" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2021-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>G09C</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2021-01-01"><title-part><text>CIPHERING OR DECIPHERING APPARATUS FOR CRYPTOGRAPHIC OR OTHER PURPOSES INVOLVING THE NEED FOR SECRECY</text></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings><note type="warning"><note-paragraph>In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.</note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-G09D.xml" sort-key="G09D" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2020-05-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>G09D</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>RAILWAY OR LIKE TIME OR FARE TABLES</text></title-part><title-part><text>PERPETUAL CALENDARS </text><reference><text>calendar blocks <class-ref scheme="cpc">B42D5/04</class-ref>; clockwork driven <class-ref scheme="cpc">G04B</class-ref>; comprising computing means <class-ref scheme="cpc">G06C</class-ref></text></reference></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings><note type="warning"><note-paragraph>In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.</note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-G09F.xml" sort-key="G09F" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2020-05-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>G09F</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2020-05-01"><title-part><text>DISPLAYING</text></title-part><title-part><text>ADVERTISING</text></title-part><title-part><text>SIGNS</text></title-part><title-part><text>LABELS OR NAME-PLATES</text></title-part><title-part><text>SEALS</text></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings date-revised="2013-01-01"><note type="note"><note-paragraph>In this subclass, the following term is used with the meaning indicated : <subnote type="bullet"><note-paragraph>"sign" designates a mark or indication serving to make something recognisable, the information presented being non-varying, even if it is flashing; by way of example it covers, therefore, advertising hoardings, or luminous, or light reflecting, safety arrangements.</note-paragraph></subnote></note-paragraph><note-paragraph>Attention is drawn to the Notes following the titles of class <class-ref scheme="cpc">B81</class-ref> and subclass <class-ref scheme="cpc">B81B</class-ref> relating to "microstructural devices" and "microstructural systems".</note-paragraph></note><note type="warning"><note-paragraph>In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.</note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-G09G.xml" sort-key="G09G" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2023-02-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>G09G</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION </text><reference><text>lighting in general <class-ref scheme="cpc">F21</class-ref>; arrangements for displaying electric variables or waveforms <class-ref scheme="cpc">G01R3/00</class-ref>; devices or arrangements for the control of light beams <class-ref scheme="cpc">G02F1/00</class-ref>; indicating of time by visual means <class-ref scheme="cpc">G04B19/00</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">G04C17/00</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">G04G9/00</class-ref>; arrangements for transferring data between computers and peripheral equipment <class-ref scheme="cpc">G06F3/00</class-ref>; visible signalling arrangements or devices <class-ref scheme="cpc">G08B5/00</class-ref>; traffic control systems <class-ref scheme="cpc">G08G</class-ref>; display, advertising, signs <class-ref scheme="cpc">G09F</class-ref>, e.g. static indicating arrangements comprising an association of a number of separate sources or light control cells <class-ref scheme="cpc">G09F9/00</class-ref>; static indicating arrangements comprising integral associations of a number of light sources <class-ref scheme="cpc">H01J</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">H01K</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">H01L</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">H05B33/12</class-ref>; circuits in pulse counters for indicating the result <class-ref scheme="cpc">H03K21/18</class-ref>; coding, decoding or code conversion, in general <class-ref scheme="cpc">H03M</class-ref>; reproducing a picture or pattern using electric signals representing parts thereof and produced by scanning an original <class-ref scheme="cpc">H04N</class-ref></text></reference></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings date-revised="2013-01-01"><note type="note"><note-paragraph>This subclass <u>covers</u> indicator consoles, i.e. arrangements or circuits for processing control signals to achieve the display, e.g. for the calling up, reception, storage, regeneration, coding, decoding, addressing of control signals.</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>This subclass <u>does not cover</u> the structural details of the indicating devices, such as panels or tubes <u>per se</u>, or assemblies of individual light sources, which are covered by the relevant subclasses, e.g. <class-ref scheme="cpc">H01J</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">H01K</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">H01L</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">H10K</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">G02F</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">G09F</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">H05B</class-ref>.</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>Contrary to subclass <class-ref scheme="cpc">H04N</class-ref>, in which are classified display devices capable of representing continuous brightness value scales, this subclass is limited to devices using only a discrete number of brightness values, e.g. visible/non-visible.</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>The visual effect may be produced by a luminescent screen scanned by an electron beam, directly by controlled light sources, by projection of light, from controlled light sources onto characters, symbols, or elements thereof drawn on a support, or by electric, magnetic, or acoustic control of the parameters of light rays from an independent source.</note-paragraph></note><note type="warning"><note-paragraph>In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.</note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="4" additional-only="false" sort-key="G10" date-revised="2013-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>G10</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS</text></title-part><title-part><text>ACOUSTICS</text></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings date-revised="2013-01-01"><note type="note"><note-paragraph>This class <u>covers</u> all sound-emitting devices, in general, whether or not they may be considered as being musical.</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>In this class, the following expression is used with the meaning indicated: <subnote type="bullet"><note-paragraph>"musical instrument" does not exclude devices emitting a single sound signal.</note-paragraph></subnote></note-paragraph><note-paragraph>The following Class Index is given in place of subclass indexes, to show the grouping of the elaborations belonging to different subclasses, under the following three fundamental types: <subnote type="bullet"><note-paragraph>wind instruments; </note-paragraph><note-paragraph>string instruments; </note-paragraph><note-paragraph>percussion instruments,</note-paragraph></subnote>which relate clearly to the majority of instruments. </note-paragraph><note-paragraph>There are of course some instruments of which the principle of operation belongs less clearly to one of the three types mentioned in Note 3. They correspond to groups <class-ref scheme="cpc">G10D17/00</class-ref> or <class-ref scheme="cpc">G10K7/00</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">G10K9/00</class-ref> or <class-ref scheme="cpc">G10K15/04</class-ref>, all the other groups normally finding a definite place.</note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-G10B.xml" sort-key="G10B" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2021-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>G10B</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2019-01-01"><title-part><text>ORGANS, HARMONIUMS OR SIMILAR WIND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS WITH ASSOCIATED BLOWING APPARATUS </text><reference><text>accordions, concertinas or the like or keyboards therefor <class-ref scheme="cpc">G10D11/00</class-ref>; automatic wind instruments <class-ref scheme="cpc">G10F1/12</class-ref></text></reference></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings><note type="note"><note-paragraph>In this subclass, the type of instrument is classified in group <class-ref scheme="cpc">G10B1/00</class-ref>, while details or accessories thereof are classified in group <class-ref scheme="cpc">G10B3/00</class-ref>.</note-paragraph></note><note type="warning"><note-paragraph>In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.</note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-G10C.xml" sort-key="G10C" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2021-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>G10C</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2019-01-01"><title-part><text>PIANOS, HARPSICHORDS, SPINETS OR SIMILAR STRINGED MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS WITH ONE OR MORE KEYBOARDS </text><reference><text>automatic musical instruments <class-ref scheme="cpc">G10F</class-ref></text></reference></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings><note type="note"><note-paragraph>In this subclass, the specific types of musical instruments are covered by group <class-ref scheme="cpc">G10C1/00</class-ref>, while aspects relevant to the details thereof or the accessories therefor are covered by groups <class-ref scheme="cpc">G10C3/00</class-ref>-<class-ref scheme="cpc">G10C9/00</class-ref>.</note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-G10D.xml" sort-key="G10D" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2021-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>G10D</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2020-02-01"><title-part><text>STRINGED MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS</text></title-part><title-part><text>WIND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS</text></title-part><title-part><text>ACCORDIONS OR CONCERTINAS</text></title-part><title-part><text>PERCUSSION MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS</text></title-part><title-part><text>AEOLIAN HARPS</text></title-part><title-part><text>SINGING-FLAME MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS</text></title-part><title-part><text>MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR </text><reference><text>organs, harmoniums or similar wind musical instruments with associated blowing apparatus <class-ref scheme="cpc">G10B</class-ref>; pianos, harpsichords, spinets or similar stringed musical instruments with one or more keyboards <class-ref scheme="cpc">G10C</class-ref>; automatic musical instruments <class-ref scheme="cpc">G10F</class-ref>; electrophonic musical instruments in which tones are generated by electromechanical means <class-ref scheme="cpc">G10H</class-ref></text></reference></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings date-revised="2013-01-01"><note type="note"><note-paragraph>In this subclass, the specific types of musical instruments are covered in groups <class-ref scheme="cpc">G10D1/00</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">G10D7/00</class-ref> or <class-ref scheme="cpc">G10D13/01</class-ref>, while aspects relevant to the arrangements thereof or the accessories therefor are covered in groups <class-ref scheme="cpc">G10D3/00</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">G10D9/00</class-ref> or <class-ref scheme="cpc">G10D13/10</class-ref>.</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>This subclass <u>does not cover</u> pianos, harpsichords, spinets or similar stringed musical instruments with keyboards that cause the strings to be struck or plucked, which are covered by subclass <class-ref scheme="cpc">G10C</class-ref>.</note-paragraph></note><note type="warning"><note-paragraph>In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.</note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-G10F.xml" sort-key="G10F" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2018-08-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>G10F</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>AUTOMATIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS </text><reference><text>non-musical aspects of toy instruments <class-ref scheme="cpc">A63H5/00</class-ref>; sound recording or reproducing <class-ref scheme="cpc">G11B</class-ref>; working in association with recording or reproducing apparatus <class-ref scheme="cpc">G11B31/02</class-ref></text></reference></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings date-revised="2013-01-01"><note type="note"><note-paragraph>This subclass <u>does not cover</u> aspects of musical instruments which are independent of the automatic actuation, which are covered by subclass <class-ref scheme="cpc">G10B</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">G10C</class-ref> or <class-ref scheme="cpc">G10D</class-ref>.</note-paragraph></note><note type="warning"><note-paragraph>In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.</note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-G10G.xml" sort-key="G10G" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2021-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>G10G</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2021-01-01"><title-part><text>REPRESENTATION OF MUSIC</text></title-part><title-part><text>RECORDING MUSIC IN NOTATION FORM</text></title-part><title-part><text>ACCESSORIES FOR MUSIC OR MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. SUPPORTS </text><reference><text>music stands <class-ref scheme="cpc">A47B</class-ref>; non-musical aspects of musical toy instruments <class-ref scheme="cpc">A63H5/00</class-ref>; metronomes <class-ref scheme="cpc">G04F5/02</class-ref>; teaching music <class-ref scheme="cpc">G09B15/00</class-ref></text></reference></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings><note type="warning"><note-paragraph>In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.</note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-G10H.xml" sort-key="G10H" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2023-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>G10H</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2023-01-01"><title-part><text>ELECTROPHONIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS</text></title-part><title-part><text>INSTRUMENTS IN WHICH THE TONES ARE GENERATED BY ELECTROMECHANICAL MEANS OR ELECTRONIC GENERATORS, OR IN WHICH THE TONES ARE SYNTHESISED FROM A DATA STORE</text></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings date-revised="2013-01-01"><note type="note"><note-paragraph>This subclass <u>covers</u> musical instruments in which individual notes are constituted as electric oscillations under the control of a performer and the oscillations are converted to sound-vibrations by a loud-speaker or equivalent instrument.</note-paragraph></note><note type="warning"><note-paragraph><CPC-specific-note>In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.</CPC-specific-note></note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-G10K.xml" sort-key="G10K" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2023-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>G10K</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2023-01-01"><title-part><text>SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES</text></title-part><title-part><text>METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL</text></title-part><title-part><text>ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR</text></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings date-revised="2013-01-01"><note type="note"><note-paragraph>This subclass <u>covers</u> arrangements for generating mechanical vibrations in fluids.</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>This subclass <u>covers</u> also the production of sounds which may not be audible to human beings but which are audible to animals.</note-paragraph><note-paragraph> In this subclass, the following terms are used with the meanings indicated: <subnote type="bullet"><note-paragraph>"acoustics" and "sound" cover the technical field dealing with mechanical vibrations at all infrasonic -, sonic - and ultrasonic frequencies. However, generation or transmission of mechanical waves, in general, is covered by subclass <class-ref scheme="cpc">B06B</class-ref>, subject to the exception specified in Note (1) above.</note-paragraph></subnote></note-paragraph></note><note type="warning"><note-paragraph><CPC-specific-note>In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.</CPC-specific-note></note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-G10L.xml" sort-key="G10L" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2020-08-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>G10L</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>SPEECH ANALYSIS OR SYNTHESIS</text></title-part><title-part><text>SPEECH RECOGNITION</text></title-part><title-part><text>SPEECH OR VOICE PROCESSING</text></title-part><title-part><text>SPEECH OR AUDIO CODING OR DECODING</text></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings date-revised="2013-01-01"><note type="note"><note-paragraph> This subclass <u>does not cover</u>: <subnote type="bullet"><note-paragraph>devices for the storage of speech or audio signals, which are covered by subclasses <class-ref scheme="cpc">G11B</class-ref> and <class-ref scheme="cpc">G11C</class-ref>;</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>encoding of compressed speech signals for transmission or storage, which is covered by group <class-ref scheme="cpc">H03M7/30</class-ref>.</note-paragraph></subnote></note-paragraph></note><note type="warning"><note-paragraph>In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.</note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="4" additional-only="false" sort-key="G11" date-revised="2013-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>G11</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>INFORMATION STORAGE</text></title-part></class-title>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-G11B.xml" sort-key="G11B" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2021-05-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>G11B</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2021-01-01"><title-part><text>INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER </text><reference><text>recording measured values in a way that does not require playback through a transducer <class-ref scheme="cpc">G01D9/00</class-ref>; recording or playback apparatus using mechanically marked tape, e.g. punched paper tape, or using unit records, e.g. punched or magnetically marked cards <class-ref scheme="cpc">G06K</class-ref>; transferring data from one type of record carrier to another <class-ref scheme="cpc">G06K1/18</class-ref>; circuits for coupling output of reproducer to radio receiver <class-ref scheme="cpc">H04B1/20</class-ref>; gramophone pick-ups or like acoustic electromechanical transducers or circuits therefor <class-ref scheme="cpc">H04R</class-ref></text></reference></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings date-revised="2013-01-01"><note type="note"><note-paragraph> This subclass <u>covers</u> : <subnote type="bullet"><note-paragraph>recording or playback of information by relative movement between a record track and a transducer, the transducer directly producing, or being directly actuated by, modulation in the track being recorded or played-back, and the extent of modulation corresponding to the signal being recorded or played-back; </note-paragraph><note-paragraph>apparatus and machines for recording or playback, and parts thereof such as heads; </note-paragraph><note-paragraph>record carriers for use with such apparatus and machines; </note-paragraph><note-paragraph>associated working of other apparatus with such apparatus and machines; </note-paragraph><note-paragraph><CPC-specific-note>relative positioning or movement of transducers and record carriers before, during or after transducing operation, e.g. for accessing record carriers or parts thereof, or for track change, selection or acquisition or for track following or for accessing parts of tracks;</CPC-specific-note></note-paragraph><note-paragraph><CPC-specific-note>driving or moving of heads or record carriers or both heads and record carriers for increasing, maintaining or decreasing the relative speed before, during or after transducing operation</CPC-specific-note></note-paragraph></subnote></note-paragraph><note-paragraph> In this subclass, the following terms or expressions are used with the meanings indicated : <subnote type="bullet"><note-paragraph>"head" includes any means for converting sinusoidal or non-sinusoidal electric wave-forms into variations of the physical condition of at least the adjacent surface of the record carrier, or <u>vice versa</u>; </note-paragraph><note-paragraph>"record carrier" means a body, such as a cylinder, disc, card, tape, or wire, capable of permanently holding information, which can be read-off by a sensing element movable relatively to the record carrier. </note-paragraph></subnote></note-paragraph><note-paragraph> Documents concerning relative positioning or movement of transducers and record carriers are classified in groups <class-ref scheme="cpc">G11B3/00</class-ref> - <class-ref scheme="cpc">G11B7/00</class-ref> and <class-ref scheme="cpc">G11B21/00</class-ref> when only the transducer is controlled and in groups <class-ref scheme="cpc">G11B15/00</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">G11B17/00</class-ref> and <class-ref scheme="cpc">G11B19/00</class-ref> when only the record carrier is controlled. When both record carrier and head are controlled, the documents are classified in <class-ref scheme="cpc">G11B15/1808</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">G11B15/1816</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">G11B19/00</class-ref> and <class-ref scheme="cpc">G11B27/002</class-ref>. <br/> When a plurality of record carriers are controlled,
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-G11C.xml" sort-key="G11C" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2023-02-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>G11C</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2023-02-01"><title-part><text>STATIC STORES </text><reference><text>semiconductor memory devices <class-ref scheme="cpc">H10B</class-ref></text></reference></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings date-revised="2013-01-01"><note type="note"><note-paragraph>This subclass <u>covers</u> devices or arrangements for storage of digital or analogue information:<subnote type="bullet"><note-paragraph>in which no relative movement takes place between an information storage element and a transducer;</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>which incorporate a selecting-device for writing-in or reading-out the information into or from the store.</note-paragraph></subnote></note-paragraph><note-paragraph>This subclass <u>does not cover</u> elements not adapted for storage and not provided with such means as referred to in Note (3) below, which elements are classified in the appropriate subclass, e.g. of <class-ref scheme="cpc">H01</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">H03K</class-ref>.</note-paragraph><note-paragraph> In this subclass, the following terms are used with the meaning indicated: <subnote type="bullet"><note-paragraph>"storage element" is an element which can hold at least one item of information and is provided with means for writing-in or reading-out this information; </note-paragraph><note-paragraph> "memory" is a device, including storage elements, which can hold information to be extracted when desired. </note-paragraph></subnote></note-paragraph></note><note type="warning"><note-paragraph warning-type="ipc-not-used">The following IPC groups are not in the CPC scheme. The subject matter for these IPC groups is classified in the following CPC groups: <table><row><entry><class-ref scheme="ipc">G11C8/02</class-ref></entry><entry> covered by </entry><entry><class-ref scheme="cpc">G11C8/00</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">H03K17/00</class-ref></entry></row><row><entry><class-ref scheme="ipc">G11C11/4193</class-ref></entry><entry> covered by </entry><entry><class-ref scheme="cpc">G11C11/00</class-ref></entry></row><row><entry><class-ref scheme="ipc">G11C11/4195</class-ref></entry><entry> covered by </entry><entry><class-ref scheme="cpc">G11C11/00</class-ref></entry></row><row><entry><class-ref scheme="ipc">G11C11/4197</class-ref></entry><entry> covered by </entry><entry><class-ref scheme="cpc">G11C11/00</class-ref></entry></row></table></note-paragraph><note-paragraph>In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.</note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="4" additional-only="false" sort-key="G12" date-revised="2013-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>G12</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>INSTRUMENT DETAILS</text></title-part></class-title>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-G12B.xml" sort-key="G12B" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2018-08-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>G12B</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF INSTRUMENTS, OR COMPARABLE DETAILS OF OTHER APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR</text></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings date-revised="2013-01-01"><note type="note"><note-paragraph>This subclass <u>covers</u> only details which are not restricted to measuring instruments or to any other apparatus covered by a single class.</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>This subclass <u>does not cover</u>: <subnote type="bullet"><note-paragraph>details covered by any other subclass in section <class-ref scheme="cpc">A</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">F</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">G</class-ref> or <class-ref scheme="cpc">H</class-ref>. In particular, details restricted to the measuring instruments are covered by the relevant subclasses of class <class-ref scheme="cpc">G01</class-ref>, e.g. <class-ref scheme="cpc">G01D</class-ref>;</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>constructional details restricted to electric apparatus, e.g. casings, screenings, which are covered by subclass <class-ref scheme="cpc">H05K</class-ref> or the relevant subclass in section <class-ref scheme="cpc">H</class-ref>.</note-paragraph></subnote></note-paragraph><note-paragraph>Attention is drawn to the Notes following the title of section <class-ref scheme="cpc">G</class-ref>, especially as regards to the definition of the term "measuring" in Note (2) following the title of class <class-ref scheme="cpc">G01</class-ref>.</note-paragraph></note><note type="warning"><note-paragraph>In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.</note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item></classification-item></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="3" additional-only="false" sort-key="G16" date-revised="2018-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>G16</classification-symbol>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="4" additional-only="false" sort-key="G16" date-revised="2023-02-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>G16</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2018-01-01"><title-part><text>INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATION FIELDS</text></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings><note type="note"><note-paragraph>This class <u>does not cover</u>: <subnote type="alpha"> <note-paragraph>pattern recognition, which is covered by group <class-ref scheme="cpc">G06F18/00</class-ref>;</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>digital computing or data processing systems or methods specially adapted for administrative, commercial, financial, managerial or supervisory purposes, which are covered by subclass <class-ref scheme="cpc">G06Q</class-ref>; </note-paragraph><note-paragraph>image data processing or generation, which is covered by subclass <class-ref scheme="cpc">G06T</class-ref>.</note-paragraph> </subnote> </note-paragraph><note-paragraph> In this class, the following terms or expressions are used with the meaning indicated: <subnote type="alpha"> <note-paragraph>"ICT [information and communication technology]" also covers "IT [information technology]";</note-paragraph><note-paragraph> "ICT specially adapted for" also covers the expression "digital computing or data processing systems or methods specially adapted for", which is used in group <class-ref scheme="cpc">G06F17/00</class-ref>. </note-paragraph> </subnote></note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-G16B.xml" sort-key="G16B" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2019-02-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>G16B</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2019-02-01"><title-part><text>BIOINFORMATICS, i.e. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR GENETIC OR PROTEIN-RELATED DATA PROCESSING IN COMPUTATIONAL MOLECULAR BIOLOGY</text></title-part></class-title></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-G16C.xml" sort-key="G16C" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2019-02-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>G16C</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2019-02-01"><title-part><text>COMPUTATIONAL CHEMISTRY</text></title-part><title-part><text>CHEMOINFORMATICS</text></title-part><title-part><text>COMPUTATIONAL MATERIALS SCIENCE</text></title-part></class-title></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-G16H.xml" sort-key="G16H" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2020-05-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>G16H</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2018-01-01"><title-part><text>HEALTHCARE INFORMATICS, i.e. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE HANDLING OR PROCESSING OF MEDICAL OR HEALTHCARE DATA</text></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings><note type="note"><note-paragraph>This subclass <u>covers</u> cross-sectional aspects of computer, information or communication science with medical or healthcare science, where the focus is clearly placed on digital computing or data processing systems or methods, which are specially adapted for medical or healthcare science.</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>This subclass <u>does not cover</u>: <subnote type="alpha"> <note-paragraph>medical equipment, medical methods, methods of diagnosis, methods of treatment or therapy, clinical care or surgical procedures <u>per se</u>, which are covered by the relevant subclasses of <class-ref scheme="cpc">A61</class-ref>; </note-paragraph><note-paragraph>signal processing or signal transmission associated to diagnostic measurements, e.g. signal waveform analysis, which are covered by group <class-ref scheme="cpc">A61B5/00</class-ref>.</note-paragraph> </subnote> </note-paragraph><note-paragraph>In order to determine whether a technical subject relating to medical or healthcare science is classified in this subclass or in the relevant subclasses of <class-ref scheme="cpc">A61</class-ref>, the following should be observed: <subnote type="alpha"> <note-paragraph>to classify a technical subject in this subclass it is required that the essential technical features of the subject focus onto digital computing or data processing systems or methods;</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>if the technical subject focuses onto aspects of medical science, e.g. physiological signals or medical conditions, or if the subject involves a significant interaction with the patient, e.g. details of a diagnostic measurement, then classification shall be directed to the appropriate subclasses of class <class-ref scheme="cpc">A61</class-ref>;</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>the mere presence of "a computer" or "a flowchart" in relation to medical devices or procedures is not a key element for classifying in this subclass. In this case classification shall rather be directed to the appropriate subclasses covering those medical devices or procedures.</note-paragraph> </subnote> </note-paragraph></note><note type="warning"><note-paragraph>In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.</note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-G16Y.xml" sort-key="G16Y" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2020-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>G16Y</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2020-01-01"><title-part><text>INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE INTERNET OF THINGS [IoT]</text></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings><note type="note"><note-paragraph>This subclass <u>covers</u> inter-networking of physical objects ("things") that embed technology enabling the things to sense and collect information from their internal state or their external environment, wherein the information is processed by the things or by other devices, e.g. servers, to be output to the things, to other things or to other devices, and enabling these things to be connected to the Internet either directly or indirectly.<subnote type="bullet"><note-paragraph> "Directly connected to Internet" means that a thing possesses a network address of the Internet address space, which is used to communicate over the Internet.</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>"Indirectly connected to Internet" means that a thing is connected to a proxy device, which possesses a network address of the Internet address space and which communicates over the Internet on behalf of the thing.</note-paragraph><note-paragraph> A network address of the Internet address space is an address uniquely identifying a device in the Internet.</note-paragraph></subnote></note-paragraph><note-paragraph>This subclass <u>does not cover</u>:<subnote type="bullet"><note-paragraph>Mere monitoring, e.g. security cameras, or mere controlling, e.g. remote control arrangements.</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>Generic computing and communicating devices, e.g. computers or telephones</note-paragraph></subnote> </note-paragraph><note-paragraph>This subclass is intended to enable a complementary search of subject matter related to IoT by combination of classification symbols of this subclass with classification symbols from other subclasses. Therefore this subclass <u>covers</u> aspects of IoT (e.g. detection or navigation) that might also be entirely or partially covered elsewhere in the IPC.</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>This subclass is for obligatory supplementary classification of subject matter already classified as such in other classification places, when the subject matter contains an aspect of IoT.</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>The classification symbols of this subclass are not listed first when assigned to patent documents.</note-paragraph><note-paragraph>No systematic reclassification was done when this subclass was introduced. When searching using the symbols of this subclass it should be noted that many documents published before 2020 are not classified in subclass <class-ref scheme="cpc">G16Y</class-ref>.</note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-G16Z.xml" sort-key="G16Z" definition-exists="false" date-revised="2019-02-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>G16Z</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2019-02-01"><title-part><text>INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATION FIELDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR</text></title-part></class-title></classification-item></classification-item></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="3" additional-only="false" sort-key="G21" date-revised="2013-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>G21</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>NUCLEONICS</text></title-part></class-title>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="4" additional-only="false" sort-key="G21" date-revised="2013-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>G21</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>NUCLEAR PHYSICS</text></title-part><title-part><text>NUCLEAR ENGINEERING</text></title-part></class-title>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-G21B.xml" sort-key="G21B" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2013-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>G21B</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>FUSION REACTORS </text><reference><text>uncontrolled reactors <class-ref scheme="cpc">G21J</class-ref></text></reference></title-part></class-title></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-G21C.xml" sort-key="G21C" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2018-08-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>G21C</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2018-01-01"><title-part><text>NUCLEAR REACTORS </text><reference><text>fusion reactors, hybrid fission-fusion reactors <class-ref scheme="cpc">G21B</class-ref>; nuclear explosives <class-ref scheme="cpc">G21J</class-ref></text></reference></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings date-revised="2013-01-01"><note type="warning"><note-paragraph warning-type="ipc-not-used">The following IPC groups are not in the CPC scheme. The subject matter for these IPC groups is classified in the following CPC groups: <table><row><entry><class-ref scheme="ipc">G21C19/33</class-ref></entry><entry> covered by </entry><entry><class-ref scheme="cpc">G21C19/34</class-ref></entry></row></table></note-paragraph><note-paragraph>In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.</note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-G21D.xml" sort-key="G21D" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2020-05-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>G21D</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2019-01-01"><title-part><text>NUCLEAR POWER PLANT</text></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings><note type="warning"><note-paragraph>In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.</note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-G21F.xml" sort-key="G21F" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2019-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>G21F</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2019-01-01"><title-part><text>PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT</text></title-part><title-part><text>TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL</text></title-part><title-part><text>DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR </text><reference><text>radiation protection by pharmaceutical means <class-ref scheme="cpc">A61K8/00</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">A61Q17/04</class-ref>; in cosmonautic vehicles <class-ref scheme="cpc">B64G1/54</class-ref>; combined with a reactor <class-ref scheme="cpc">G21C11/00</class-ref>; combined with X-ray tubes <class-ref scheme="cpc">H01J35/16</class-ref>; combined with X-ray apparatus <class-ref scheme="cpc">H05G1/02</class-ref></text></reference></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings><note type="warning"><note-paragraph>In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.</note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-G21G.xml" sort-key="G21G" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2018-08-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>G21G</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ELEMENTS</text></title-part><title-part><text>RADIOACTIVE SOURCES </text><reference><text>applications of radiation in general <class-ref scheme="cpc">G21H5/00</class-ref>; handling particles, e.g. neutrons, or electromagnetic radiation not otherwise provided for <class-ref scheme="cpc">G21K</class-ref></text></reference></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings><note type="warning"><note-paragraph>In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.</note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-G21H.xml" sort-key="G21H" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2018-08-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>G21H</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2018-05-01"><title-part><text>OBTAINING ENERGY FROM RADIOACTIVE SOURCES</text></title-part><title-part><text>APPLICATIONS OF RADIATION FROM RADIOACTIVE SOURCES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR</text></title-part><title-part><text>UTILISING COSMIC RADIATION </text><reference><text>measurement of nuclear or X-radiation <class-ref scheme="cpc">G01T</class-ref>; fusion reactors <class-ref scheme="cpc">G21B</class-ref>; nuclear reactors <class-ref scheme="cpc">G21C</class-ref>; lamps in which a gas filling is excited to luminescence by external corpuscular radiation or by radioactive material structurally associated with the lamp <class-ref scheme="cpc">H01J65/04</class-ref>, <class-ref scheme="cpc">H01J65/06</class-ref></text></reference></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings><note type="warning"><note-paragraph>In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.</note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-G21J.xml" sort-key="G21J" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2018-08-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>G21J</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>NUCLEAR EXPLOSIVES</text></title-part><title-part><text>APPLICATIONS THEREOF </text><reference><text>electric or magnetic analogue computers, e.g. simulators, for nuclear physics <class-ref scheme="cpc">G06G7/54</class-ref></text></reference></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings date-revised="2013-01-01"><note type="note"><note-paragraph>This subclass <u>covers</u> uncontrollable fission or fusion reactions.</note-paragraph></note><note type="warning"><note-paragraph>In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.</note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-G21K.xml" sort-key="G21K" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2018-08-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>G21K</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>TECHNIQUES FOR HANDLING PARTICLES OR IONISING RADIATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR</text></title-part><title-part><text>IRRADIATION DEVICES</text></title-part><title-part><text>GAMMA RAY OR X-RAY MICROSCOPES</text></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings date-revised="2013-01-01"><note type="note"><note-paragraph> In this subclass, the following term is used with the meaning indicated: <subnote><note-paragraph>"particle" means a molecular, atomic or subatomic particle</note-paragraph></subnote></note-paragraph></note><note type="warning"><note-paragraph warning-type="ipc-not-used">The following IPC groups are not in the CPC scheme. The subject matter for these IPC groups is classified in the following CPC groups: <table><row><entry><class-ref scheme="ipc">G21K3/00</class-ref></entry><entry> covered by </entry><entry><class-ref scheme="cpc">G21K1/10</class-ref></entry></row></table></note-paragraph><note-paragraph>In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.</note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item></classification-item></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="3" additional-only="false" sort-key="G99" date-revised="2019-05-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>G99</classification-symbol>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="4" additional-only="false" sort-key="G99" date-revised="2019-05-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>G99</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2019-05-01"><title-part><text>SUBJECT MATTER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR IN THIS SECTION</text></title-part></class-title>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" link-file="cpc-scheme-G99Z.xml" sort-key="G99Z" definition-exists="false" date-revised="2019-05-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>G99Z</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2019-05-01"><title-part><text>SUBJECT MATTER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR IN THIS SECTION</text></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings><note type="note"><note-paragraph> This subclass <u>covers</u> subject matter that:<br/> <subnote type="alpha"><note-paragraph> Is not provided for, but is most closely related to, the subject matter covered by the subclasses of this section, and<br/> </note-paragraph><note-paragraph> Is not explicitly covered by any subclass of another section. </note-paragraph></subnote></note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings></classification-item></classification-item></classification-item></classification-item></class-scheme>
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