A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES devices or methods specially adapted for bringing pharmaceutical products into particular physical or administering forms A61J3/00; chemical aspects of, or use of materials for deodorisation of air, for disinfection or sterilisation, or for bandages, dressings, absorbent pads or surgical articles A61L; soap compositions C11D This subclass covers the following subject matter, whether set forth as a composition (mixture), process of preparing the composition or process of treating using the composition: Drug or other biological compositions which are capable of: preventing, alleviating, treating or curing abnormal or pathological conditions of the living body by such means as destroying a parasitic organism, or limiting the effect of the disease or abnormality by chemically altering the physiology of the host or parasite (biocides A01N25/00 - A01N65/00);maintaining, increasing, decreasing, limiting, or destroying a physiological body function, e.g. vitamin compositions, sex sterilants, fertility inhibitors, growth promotors, or the like (sex sterilants for invertebrates, e.g. insects, A01N; plant growth regulators A01N25/00 - A01N65/00);diagnosing a physiological condition or state by an in vivo test, e.g. X-ray contrast or skin patch test compositions (measuring or testing processes involving enzymes or microorganisms C12Q; in vitro testing of biological material, e.g. blood, urine, G01N, e.g. G01N33/48)Body treating compositions generally intended for deodorising, protecting, adorning or grooming the body, e.g. cosmetics, dentifrices, tooth filling materials.Attention is drawn to the definitions of groups of chemical elements following the title of section C. Attention is drawn to the notes in class C07, for example the notes following the title of the subclass C07D, setting forth the rules for classifying organic compounds in that class, which rules are also applicable, if not otherwise indicated, to the classification of organic compounds in A61K. In this subclass, with the exception of group A61K8/00, the last place priority rule is applied, i.e. at each hierarchical level, in the absence of an indication to the contrary, classification is made in the last appropriate place.Therapeutic activity of medicinal preparations is further classified in subclass A61P. The following IPC groups are not in the CPC scheme. The subject matter for these IPC groups is classified in the following CPC groups:
A61K9/133 covered by A61K9/127A61K9/18 covered by A61K9/14A61K9/22 covered by A61K9/20A61K9/24 covered by A61K9/209A61K9/26 covered by A61K9/2077, A61K9/2081A61K9/30 covered by A61K9/28A61K9/32 covered by A61K9/28A61K9/34 covered by A61K9/28A61K9/36 covered by A61K9/28A61K9/38 covered by A61K9/28A61K9/40 covered by A61K9/28A61K9/42 covered by A61K9/28A61K9/44 covered by A61K9/2072A61K9/46 covered by A61K9/0007A61K9/52 covered by A61K9/50A61K9/54 covered by A61K9/5073, A61K9/5078, A61K9/5084A61K9/56 covered by A61K9/50A61K9/58 covered by A61K9/50A61K9/60 covered by A61K9/50A61K9/62 covered by A61K9/50A61K9/64 covered by A61K9/50A61K9/66 covered by A61K9/48A61K9/68 covered by A61K9/0058A61K9/72 covered by A61K9/0073A61K39/108 covered by A61K39/0258, A61K39/0266A61K39/112 covered by A61K39/0275, A61K39/0283A61K45/08 covered by A61K31/00, A61K47/00A61K47/04 covered by A61K47/02A61K50/00 covered by A61K9/0009, C09J9/02
The following IPC indexing codes are not in the CPC scheme:
A61K101/00 - A61K103/00 covered by A61K51/00 - A61K51/1296 A61K125/00 - A61K135/00 covered by A61K36/00 - A61K36/9068 Subgroups of A61K48/00 are incomplete (Jan. 2003). Documents are being reclassified from A61K48/00 to its subgroups In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme. A61K6/00 A61K6/00Preparations for dentistry In groups A61K6/00 - A61K6/58 and A61K6/887 - A61K6/90, combination sets [C-Sets] are used, e.g. compositions for taking dental impressions containing alginates are classified as (A61K6/90, C08L5/04) A61K6/15Compositions characterised by their physical properties A61K6/16Refractive index A61K6/17Particle size A61K6/18causing dental retraction, e.g. compositions for widening the sulcus for making dental impressions or removing teeth A61K6/19Self-expanding, e.g. for filling teeth A61K6/20Protective coatings for natural or artificial teeth, e.g. sealings, dye coatings or varnish A61K6/25Compositions for detecting or measuring, e.g. of irregularities on natural or artificial teeth A61K6/30Compositions for temporarily or permanently fixing teeth or palates, e.g. primers for dental adhesives A61K6/35Preparations for stabilising dentures in the mouth A61K6/40Primers for dental adhesives A61K6/30 A61K6/50Preparations specially adapted for dental root treatment A61K6/52CleaningDisinfecting A61K6/54FillingSealing A61K6/56Apical treatment A61K6/58specially adapted for dental implants A61K6/60comprising organic or organo-metallic additives A61K6/61Cationic, anionic or redox initiators A61K6/62Photochemical radical initiators A61K6/64Thermal radical initiators A61K6/65Dyes A61K6/66Photochromic dyes A61K6/68Thermochromic dyes A61K6/69Medicaments A61K6/70comprising inorganic additives A61K6/71Fillers A61K6/72comprising nitrogen-containing compounds A61K6/73comprising sulfur-containing compounds A61K6/74comprising phosphorus-containing compounds A61K6/75Apatite A61K6/76comprising silicon-containing compounds A61K6/77Glass A61K6/78Pigments A61K6/79Initiators A61K6/80Preparations for artificial teeth, for filling teeth or for capping teeth A61K6/802comprising ceramics A61K6/804comprising manganese oxide A61K6/807comprising magnesium oxide A61K6/809comprising beryllium oxide A61K6/811comprising chromium oxide A61K6/813comprising iron oxide A61K6/816comprising titanium oxide A61K6/818comprising zirconium oxide A61K6/82comprising hafnium oxide A61K6/822comprising rare earth metal oxides A61K6/824comprising transition metal oxides A61K6/827Leucite A61K6/829comprising cermet composites A61K6/831comprising non-metallic elements or compounds thereof, e.g. carbon A61K6/833Glass-ceramic composites A61K6/836Glass A61K6/838Phosphorus compounds, e.g. apatite A61K6/84comprising metals or alloys A61K6/842Rare earth metals A61K6/844Noble metals A61K6/847Amalgams A61K6/849comprising inorganic cements A61K6/851Portland cements A61K6/853Silicates A61K6/856Pozzolans A61K6/858Calcium sulfates, e.g, gypsum A61K6/86Al-cements A61K6/862Ca-Al-sulfate-cements A61K6/864Phosphate cements apatite A61K6/838 A61K6/867Ammonium cements A61K6/869Zeolites A61K6/871QuartzSiO₂ A61K6/873Carbonates A61K6/876Calcium oxide A61K6/878Zirconium oxide A61K6/88Chromium oxide A61K6/882Carbides A61K6/884comprising natural or synthetic resins A61K6/887Compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds A61K6/889Polycarboxylate cementsGlass ionomer cements A61K6/891Compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds A61K6/893Polyurethanes A61K6/896Polyorganosilicon compounds A61K6/898Polysaccharides A61K6/90Compositions for taking dental impressions A61K8/00Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations Use of cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations is further classified in subclass A61Q. Use of cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations is mandatorily further classified in subclass A61Q. Attention is drawn to the Notes in class C07, for example the notes following the title of subclass C07D, setting forth the rules for classifying organic compounds in that class, which rules are also applicable, if not otherwise indicated, to the classification of organic compounds in group A61K8/00.Salts or complexes of organic compounds are classified according to the base compounds. If a complex is formed between two or more compounds, classification is made for each compound. A61K8/02characterised by special physical formIn this group, the last place priority rule is applied, i.e. at each hierarchical level, in the absence of an indication to the contrary, classification is made in the last appropriate place. A61K8/0204Specific forms not provided for by any of groups A61K8/0208 - A61K8/14 A61K8/0208Tissues; Wipes; Patches A61K8/0212Face masks A61K8/0216Solid or semisolid forms A61K8/022Powders; Compacted Powders A61K8/0225Granulated powders A61K8/0229Sticks A61K8/0233Distinct layers, e.g. core/shell sticks A61K8/0237Striped compositions A61K8/0241Containing particulates characterized by their shape and/or structure see also A61K8/04, A61K8/11, and A61K8/14, further aspects are classified in A61K2800/40 and subcodes A61K8/0245Specific shapes or structures not provided for by any of the groups of A61K8/0241 A61K8/025Explicitly spheroidal or spherical shape A61K8/0254Platelets; Flakes A61K8/0258Layered structure A61K8/0262Characterized by the central layer A61K8/0266Characterized by the sequence of layers A61K8/027Fibers; Fibrils A61K8/0275Containing agglomerated particulates A61K8/0279Porous; Hollow A61K8/0283Matrix particles A61K8/0287the particulate containing a solid-in-solid dispersion A61K8/0291Micelles A61K8/0295Liquid crystals A61K8/03Liquid compositions with two or more distinct layers A61K8/04DispersionsEmulsions A61K8/042Gels A61K8/044Suspensions A61K8/046Aerosols; Foams A61K8/06Emulsions A61K8/062Oil-in-water emulsions A61K8/064Water-in-oil emulsions, e.g. Water-in-silicone emulsions A61K8/066Multiple emulsions, e.g. water-in-oil-in-water A61K8/068Microemulsions A61K8/11Encapsulated compositions A61K8/14LiposomesVesicles A61K8/18characterised by the compositionIn this group, the last place priority rule is applied, i.e. at each hierarchical level, in the absence of an indication to the contrary, classification is made in the last appropriate place. A61K8/19containing inorganic ingredients A61K8/20HalogensCompounds thereof A61K8/21FluoridesDerivatives thereof A61K8/22PeroxidesOxygenOzone A61K8/23SulfurSeleniumTelluriumCompounds thereof A61K8/24PhosphorousCompounds thereof A61K8/25SiliconCompounds thereof A61K8/26AluminiumCompounds thereof A61K8/27ZincCompounds thereof A61K8/28ZirconiumCompounds thereof A61K8/29TitaniumCompounds thereof A61K8/30containing organic compounds A61K8/31Hydrocarbons A61K8/315Halogenated hydrocarbons A61K8/33containing oxygen A61K8/34Alcohols A61K8/342Alcohols having more than seven atoms in an unbroken chain A61K8/345containing more than one hydroxy group A61K8/347Phenols A61K8/35Ketones, e.g. benzophenone A61K8/355Quinones A61K8/36Carboxylic acidsSalts or anhydrides thereof A61K8/361Carboxylic acids having more than seven carbon atoms in an unbroken chain; Salts or anhydrides thereof A61K8/362Polycarboxylic acids A61K8/365Hydroxycarboxylic acidsKetocarboxylic acids A61K8/368with carboxyl groups directly bound to carbon atoms of aromatic rings A61K8/37Esters of carboxylic acids A61K8/375the alcohol moiety containing more than one hydroxy group A61K8/38Percompounds, e.g. peracids A61K8/39Derivatives containing from 2 to 10 oxyalkylene groups A61K8/40containing nitrogen quinones containing nitrogen A61K8/355 A61K8/41Amines A61K8/411Aromatic amines, i.e. where the amino group is directly linked to the aromatic nucleus A61K8/413Indoanilines; Indophenol; Indoamines A61K8/415Aminophenols A61K8/416Quaternary ammonium compounds A61K8/35 takes precedence A61K8/418containing nitro groups A61K8/42Amides A61K8/43Guanidines A61K8/44Aminocarboxylic acids or derivatives thereof, e.g. aminocarboxylic acids containing sulfurSaltsEsters or N-acylated derivatives thereof A61K8/442substituted by amido group(s) A61K8/445aromatic, i.e. the carboxylic acid directly linked to the aromatic ring A61K8/447containing sulfur A61K8/45Derivatives containing from 2 to 10 oxyalkylene groups A61K8/46containing sulfur A61K8/44 takes precedence A61K8/463containing sulfuric acid derivatives, e.g. sodium lauryl sulfate A61K8/466containing sulfonic acid derivatives; Salts A61K8/49containing heterocyclic compounds A61K8/4906with one nitrogen as the only hetero atom A61K8/4913having five membered rings, e.g. pyrrolidone carboxylic acid A61K8/492having condensed rings, e.g. indol A61K8/4926having six membered rings A61K8/4933having sulfur as an exocyclic substituent, e.g. pyridinethione A61K8/494with more than one nitrogen as the only hetero atom A61K8/4946Imidazoles or their condensed derivatives, e.g. benzimidazoles A61K8/4953containing pyrimidine ring derivatives, e.g. minoxidil A61K8/496Triazoles or their condensed derivatives, e.g. benzotriazoles A61K8/4966Triazines or their condensed derivatives A61K8/4973with oxygen as the only hetero atom A61K8/498having 6-membered rings or their condensed derivatives, e.g. coumarin A61K8/4986with sulfur as the only hetero atom A61K8/4993Derivatives containing from 2 to 10 oxyalkylene groups A61K8/55Phosphorus compounds A61K8/553Phospholipids, e.g. lecithin A61K8/556Derivatives containing from 2 to 10 oxyalkylene groups A61K8/58containing atoms other than carbon, hydrogen, halogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur or phosphorus A61K8/585Organosilicon compounds A61K8/60SugarsDerivatives thereof A61K8/602Glycosides, e.g. rutin A61K8/604Alkylpolyglycosides; Derivatives thereof, e.g. esters A61K8/606Nucleosides; Nucleotides; Nucleic acids A61K8/608Derivatives containing from 2 to 10 oxyalkylene groups A61K8/63SteroidsDerivatives thereof This group covers steroids, as defined in Note (1) after the title of subclass C07J. A61K8/64ProteinsPeptidesDerivatives or degradation products thereof A61K8/645Proteins of vegetable origin; Derivatives or degradation products thereof A61K8/65CollagenGelatinKeratinDerivatives or degradation products thereof A61K8/66Enzymes A61K8/67Vitamins A61K8/671Vitamin A; Derivatives thereof, e.g. ester of vitamin A acid, ester of retinol, retinol, retinal A61K8/673Vitamin B group A61K8/675Vitamin B3 or vitamin B3 active, e.g. nicotinamide, nicotinic acid, nicotinyl aldehyde tocopheryl nicotinate A61K8/678 A61K8/676Ascorbic acid, i.e. vitamin C A61K8/678Tocopherol, i.e. vitamin E A61K8/68Sphingolipids, e.g. ceramides, cerebrosides, gangliosides A61K8/69containing fluorine A61K8/70containing perfluoro groups, e.g. perfluoroethers A61K8/72containing organic macromolecular compounds A61K8/73Polysaccharides A61K8/731Cellulose; Quaternized cellulose derivatives A61K8/732Starch; Amylose; Amylopectin; Derivatives thereof A61K8/733Alginic acid; Salts thereof A61K8/735Mucopolysaccharides, e.g. hyaluronic acid; Derivatives thereof A61K8/736Chitin; Chitosan; Derivatives thereof A61K8/737Galactomannans, e.g. guar; Derivatives thereof A61K8/738Cyclodextrins A61K8/81obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds A61K8/8105Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers A61K8/8111Homopolymers or copolymers of aliphatic olefines, e.g. polyethylene, polyisobutene; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers A61K8/8117Homopolymers or copolymers of aromatic olefines, e.g. polystyrene; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers A61K8/8123Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers, e.g. PVC, PTFE A61K8/8129Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal or ketal radical; Compositions of hydrolysed polymers or esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers, e.g. polyvinylmethylether A61K8/8135Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an acyloxy radical of a saturated carboxylic acid, of carbonic acid or of a haloformic acid; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers, e.g. vinyl esters (polyvinylacetate) A61K8/8141Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides or nitriles thereof; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers A61K8/8147Homopolymers or copolymers of acids; Metal or ammonium salts thereof, e.g. crotonic acid, (meth)acrylic acid; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers A61K8/8152Homopolymers or copolymers of esters, e.g. (meth)acrylic acid esters; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers A61K8/8158Homopolymers or copolymers of amides or imides, e.g. (meth) acrylamide; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers A61K8/8164Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a carboxyl radical, and containing at least one other carboxyl radical in the molecule, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides or nitriles thereof; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers, e.g. poly (methyl vinyl ether-co-maleic anhydride) A61K8/817Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a single or double bond to nitrogen or by a heterocyclic ring containing nitrogen; Compositions or derivatives of such polymers, e.g. vinylimidazol, vinylcaprolactame, allylamines (Polyquaternium 6) A61K8/8176Homopolymers of N-vinyl-pyrrolidones. Compositions of derivatives of such polymers A61K8/8182Copolymers of vinyl-pyrrolidones. Compositions of derivatives of such polymers A61K8/8188Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bonds, and at least one being terminated by a bond to sulfur or by a hertocyclic ring containing sulfur; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers A61K8/8194Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, at least one having two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers A61K8/84obtained by reactions otherwise than those involving only carbon-carbon unsaturated bonds A61K8/85Polyesters A61K8/86Polyethers A61K8/87Polyurethanes A61K8/88Polyamides A61K8/89Polysiloxanes A61K8/891saturated, e.g. dimethicone, phenyl trimethicone, C24-C28 methicone or stearyl dimethicone A61K8/892modified by a hydroxy group, e.g. dimethiconol A61K8/893modified by an alkoxy or aryloxy group, e.g. behenoxy dimethicone or stearoxy dimethicone A61K8/894modified by a polyoxyalkylene group, e.g. cetyl dimethicone copolyol A61K8/895containing silicon bound to unsaturated aliphatic groups, e.g. vinyl dimethicone A61K8/896containing atoms other than silicon, carbon, oxygen and hydrogen, e.g. dimethicone copolyol phosphate A61K8/897containing halogen, e.g. fluorosilicones A61K8/898containing nitrogen, e.g. amodimethicone, trimethyl silyl amodimethicone or dimethicone propyl PG-betaine A61K8/899containing sulfur, e.g. sodium PG-propyldimethicone thiosulfate copolyol A61K8/90Block copolymers A61K8/89 takes precedence A61K8/91Graft copolymers A61K8/89 takes precedence A61K8/92Oils, fats or waxesDerivatives thereof, e.g. hydrogenation products thereof A61K8/922of vegetable origin A61K8/925of animal origin A61K8/927of insects, e.g. shellac A61K8/96containing materials, or derivatives thereof of undetermined constitution A61K8/965of inanimate origin A61K8/97from algae, fungi, lichens or plantsfrom derivatives thereof A61K8/9706Algae A61K8/9711Phaeophycota or Phaeophyta [brown algae], e.g. Fucus A61K8/9717Rhodophycota or Rhodophyta [red algae], e.g. Porphyra A61K8/9722Chlorophycota or Chlorophyta [green algae], e.g. Chlorella A61K8/9728Fungi, e.g. yeasts A61K8/9733Lichens A61K8/9739Bryophyta [mosses] A61K8/9741Pteridophyta [ferns] A61K8/9749Filicopsida or Pteridopsida A61K8/9755Gymnosperms [Coniferophyta] A61K8/9761Cupressaceae [Cypress family], e.g. juniper or cypress A61K8/9767Pinaceae [Pine family], e.g. pine or cedar A61K8/9771Ginkgophyta, e.g. Ginkgoaceae [Ginkgo family] A61K8/9778Gnetophyta, e.g. Ephedraceae [Mormon-tea family] A61K8/9783Angiosperms [Magnoliophyta] A61K8/9789Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons] A61K8/9794Liliopsida [monocotyledons] A61K8/98of animal origin A61K8/981of mammals or bird A61K8/982Reproductive organs; Embryos, Eggs A61K8/983Blood, e.g. plasma A61K8/985Skin or skin outgrowth, e.g. hair, nails A61K8/986Milk; Derivatives thereof, e.g. butter A61K8/987of species other than mammals or birds A61K8/988Honey; Royal jelly, Propolis A61K8/99from microorganisms other than algae or fungi, e.g. protozoa or bacteria A61K9/00Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form nuclear magnetic resonance contrast preparations or magnetic resonance imaging contrast preparations A61K49/18; preparations containing radioactive substances A61K51/12 Among the one-dot groups of A61K9/00, classification is not made in the last appropriate place.
A61K9/00 is subdivided according to the following concepts: the drug release technique ( A61K9/0002 and subgroups), the site of application ( A61K9/0012 and subgroups), and the physical form ( A61K9/0087 - A61K9/7023 ). Where relevant, documents are classified in more than one of these subdivisions. A61K9/0002Galenical forms characterised by the drug release technique; Application systems commanded by energy A61K9/0004Osmotic delivery systems; Sustained release driven by osmosis, thermal energy or gas A61K9/0007Effervescent A61K9/0065 takes precedence A61K9/0009involving or responsive to electricity, magnetism or acoustic waves; Galenical aspects of sonophoresis, iontophoresis, electroporation or electroosmosis microelectromechanical systems A61K9/0097 A61K9/0012Galenical forms characterised by the site of application A61K9/0014Skin, i.e. galenical aspects of topical compositions non-active ingredients are additionally classified in A61K47/00; A61K9/0009, A61K9/0021, A61K9/7015, A61K9/7023 take precedence; cosmetic preparations A61K8/00, A61Q; preparations for wound dressings or bandages A61L26/00 A61K9/0017Non-human animal skin, e.g. pour-on, spot-on A61K9/0019Injectable compositions; Intramuscular, intravenous, arterial, subcutaneous administration; Compositions to be administered through the skin in an invasive manner non-active ingredients are additionally classified in A61K47/00 A61K9/0021Intradermal administration, e.g. through microneedle arrays, needleless injectors mechanical aspects A61M A61K9/0024Solid, semi-solid or solidifying implants, which are implanted or injected in body tissue compositions for intravenous administration, normal injectable solutions or dispersions for, e.g. subcutaneous administration A61K9/0019; brain implants A61K9/0085; (coated) prostheses, catheters or stents A61L A61K9/0026Blood substitute; Oxygen transporting formulations; Plasma extender A61K9/0029Parenteral nutrition; Parenteral nutrition compositions as drug carriers A61K9/0031Rectum, anus A61K9/0034Urogenital system, e.g. vagina, uterus, cervix, penis, scrotum, urethra, bladder; Personal lubricants A61K9/0036Devices retained in the vagina or cervix for a prolonged period, e.g. intravaginal rings, medicated tampons, medicated diaphragms A61K9/0039Devices retained in the uterus for a prolonged period, e.g. intrauterine devices for contraception A61K9/0041Mammary glands, e.g. breasts, udder; Intramammary administration A61K9/0043Nose A61K9/0046Ear A61K9/0048Eye, e.g. artificial tears A61K9/0051Ocular inserts, ocular implants A61K9/0053Mouth and digestive tract, i.e. intraoral and peroral administration rectal administration A61K9/0031 A61K9/0056Mouth soluble or dispersible forms; Suckable, eatable, chewable coherent forms; Forms rapidly disintegrating in the mouth; Lozenges; Lollipops; Bite capsules; Baked products; Baits or other oral forms for animals A61K9/0058Chewing gums non-medicinal aspects, preparing chewing gum A23G4/00; chewing gum for care of the teeth or oral cavity, e.g. with breath freshener A61Q11/00 A61K9/006Oral mucosa, e.g. mucoadhesive forms, sublingual droplets; Buccal patches or films; Buccal sprays A61K9/0063Periodont A61K9/0065Forms with gastric retention, e.g. floating on gastric juice, adhering to gastric mucosa, expanding to prevent passage through the pylorus A61K9/0068Rumen, e.g. rumen bolus A61K9/007Pulmonary tract; Aromatherapy A61K9/0073Sprays or powders for inhalation; Aerolised or nebulised preparations generated by other means than thermal energy; nasal sprays A61K9/0043; inhalation of vapours of volatile or heated drugs, e.g. essential oils or nicotine, A61K9/007; devices A61M A61K9/0075for inhalation via a dry powder inhaler [DPI], e.g. comprising micronized drug mixed with lactose carrier particles A61K9/0078for inhalation via a nebulizer such as a jet nebulizer, ultrasonic nebulizer, e.g. in the form of aqueous drug solutions or dispersions A61K9/008comprising drug dissolved or suspended in liquid propellant for inhalation via a pressurized metered dose inhaler [MDI] A61K9/0082Lung surfactant, artificial mucus A61K9/0085Brain, e.g. brain implants; Spinal cord A61K9/0087Galenical forms not covered by A61K9/02 - A61K9/7023 A61K9/009Sachets, pouches characterised by the material or function of the envelope with gastric retention A61K9/0065; sachets which are not administered but function merely as a container are classified according to the content, e.g. sachets comprising powder for reconstitution of a drink A61K9/0095 A61K9/0092Hollow drug-filled fibres, tubes of the core-shell type, coated fibres, coated rods, microtubules or nanotubes A61K9/0095Drinks; Beverages; Syrups; Compositions for reconstitution thereof, e.g. powders or tablets to be dispersed in a glass of water; Veterinary drenches A61K9/0007 takes precedence; eatable gels or foams A61K9/0056; oral mucosa adhesive forms A61K9/006 A61K9/0097Micromachined devices; Microelectromechanical systems [MEMS]; Devices obtained by lithographic treatment of silicon; Devices comprising chips intradermal microneedle arrays A61K9/0021; MEMS in general B81B7/02 A61K9/02SuppositoriesBougiesBases therefor; Ovulesapparatus for making A61J3/08; devices for introducing into the body A61M31/00 A61K9/025characterised by shape or structure, e.g. hollow layered, coated A61K9/06OintmentsBases therefor; Other semi-solid forms, e.g. creams, sticks, gels composition of ointments, creams or gels A61K47/00 A61K9/08Solutions composition of solutions A61K47/00 A61K9/10DispersionsEmulsions A61K9/06 takes precedence; composition of dispersions, emulsions A61K47/00 A61K9/107Emulsions ; Emulsion preconcentrates; Micelles composition of emulsions A61K47/00 A61K9/1075Microemulsions or submicron emulsions; Preconcentrates or solids thereof; Micelles, e.g. made of phospholipids or block copolymers A61K9/0026 takes precedence A61K9/113Multiple emulsions, e.g. oil-in-water-in-oil A61K9/0026 takes precedence A61K9/12AerosolsFoams A61K9/0043, A61K9/0056, A61K9/006, A61K9/0073 take precedence; spray-films A61K9/7015 A61K9/122Foams; Dry foams edible foams A61K9/0056 A61K9/124characterised by the propellant A61K9/127Liposomes A61K9/1271Non-conventional liposomes, e.g. PEGylated liposomes, liposomes coated with polymers liposome as conjugate A61K47/6911 A61K9/1272with substantial amounts of non-phosphatidyl, i.e. non-acylglycerophosphate, surfactants as bilayer-forming substances, e.g. cationic lipids with cholesterol as the only non-phosphatidyl surfactant A61K9/127; lipids as modifying agent A61K47/543 A61K9/1273Polymersomes; Liposomes with polymerisable or polymerised bilayer-forming substances polymers grafted or coated on phosphatidyl liposomes A61K9/1271, on non-phosphatidyl liposomes A61K9/1272 A61K9/1274Non-vesicle bilayer structures, e.g. liquid crystals, tubules, cubic phases, cochleates; Sponge phases A61K9/1275Lipoproteins; Chylomicrons; Artificial HDL, LDL, VLDL, protein-free species thereof; Precursors thereof A61K9/1276Globules of milk or constituents thereof A61K9/1277Processes for preparing; Proliposomes A61K9/1278Post-loading, e.g. by ion or pH gradient A61K9/14Particulate form, e.g. powders, Processes for size reducing of pure drugs or the resulting products, Pure drug nanoparticles microspheres A61K9/16; microcapsules A61K9/50; nanocapsules, nanoparticles of the matrix type A61K9/51 A61K9/141Intimate drug-carrier mixtures characterised by the carrier, e.g. ordered mixtures, adsorbates, solid solutions, eutectica, co-dried, co-solubilised, co-kneaded, co-milled, co-ground products, co-precipitates, co-evaporates, co-extrudates, co-melts; Drug nanoparticles with adsorbed surface modifiers (co) spray-dried products A61K9/16, (co) lyophilised products A61K9/19; the carrier being chemically bound to the active ingredient A61K47/50 A61K9/143with inorganic compounds A61K9/145with organic compounds A61K9/146with organic macromolecular compounds A61K9/148with compounds of unknown constitution, e.g. material from plants or animals with oils, fats, waxes, shellac A61K9/145 A61K9/16AgglomeratesGranulatesMicrobeadlets ; Microspheres; Pellets; Solid products obtained by spray drying, spray freeze drying, spray congealing,(multiple) emulsion solvent evaporation or extraction A61K9/20 takes precedence if the final form is a tablet; microspheres with drug-free outer coating, microcapsules A61K9/50; mixture of different granules, microcapsules, (coated) microparticles A61K9/5084; nanoparticles A61K9/51 A61K9/1605Excipients; Inactive ingredients A61K9/1611Inorganic compounds A61K9/1617Organic compounds, e.g. phospholipids, fats A61K9/1623Sugars or sugar alcohols, e.g. lactose; Derivatives thereof; Homeopathic globules A61K9/1629Organic macromolecular compounds A61K9/1635obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polyvinyl pyrrolidone, poly(meth)acrylates A61K9/1641obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polyethylene glycol, poloxamers A61K9/1647Polyesters, e.g. poly(lactide-co-glycolide) A61K9/1652Polysaccharides, e.g. alginate, cellulose derivatives; Cyclodextrin homeopathic globules A61K9/1623 A61K9/1658Proteins, e.g. albumin, gelatin A61K9/1664Compounds of unknown constitution, e.g. material from plants or animals oils, fats, waxes, shellac A61K9/1617 A61K9/167with an outer layer or coating comprising drug; with chemically bound drugs or non-active substances on their surface with further drug-free outer coating A61K9/5073 A61K9/1676having a drug-free core with discrete complete coating layer containing drug adsorbates of liquid drug formulations on inert powders without simultaneous granulation step A61K9/141; with further drug-free outer coating A61K9/5078; drug conjugated to non-active particles A61K47/6921 A61K9/1682Processes A61K9/1688resulting in pure drug agglomerate optionally containing up to 5% of excipient A61K9/1694resulting in granules or microspheres of the matrix type containing more than 5% of excipient A61K9/19lyophilised , i.e. freeze-dried, solutions or dispersions lyophilised products with subsequent particle size reduction A61K9/14; granules or pellets made by lyphilisation A61K9/1682; solid oral dosage forms made by lyophilisation A61K9/2095; lyophilisation additives A61K47/00 A61K9/20Pills, tablets, discs, rods A61K9/0004, A61K9/0007, A61K9/0056, A61K9/0065 take precedence; for reconstitution of a drink A61K9/0095 A61K9/2004Excipients; Inactive ingredients A61K9/2009Inorganic compounds A61K9/2013Organic compounds, e.g. phospholipids, fats A61K9/2018Sugars, or sugar alcohols, e.g. lactose, mannitol; Derivatives thereof, e.g. polysorbates A61K9/2022Organic macromolecular compounds A61K9/2027obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polyvinyl pyrrolidone, poly(meth)acrylates A61K9/2031obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polyethylene glycol, polyethylene oxide, poloxamers A61K9/2036Silicones; Polysiloxanes A61K9/204Polyesters, e.g. poly(lactide-co-glycolide) A61K9/2045Polyamides; Polyaminoacids, e.g. polylysine A61K9/205Polysaccharides, e.g. alginate, gums; Cyclodextrin A61K9/2054Cellulose; Cellulose derivatives, e.g. hydroxypropyl methylcellulose A61K9/2059Starch, including chemically or physically modified derivatives; Amylose; Amylopectin; Dextrin A61K9/2063Proteins, e.g. gelatin A61K9/2068Compounds of unknown constitution, e.g. material from plants or animals oils, fats, waxes, shellac A61K9/2013 A61K9/2072characterised by shape, structure or size; Tablets with holes, special break lines or identification marks; Partially coated tablets; Disintegrating flat shaped forms A61K9/0004, A61K9/0056, A61K9/0065 take precedence A61K9/2077Tablets comprising drug-containing microparticles in a substantial amount of supporting matrix; Multiparticulate tablets A61K9/2081with microcapsules or coated microparticles according to A61K9/50 A61K9/2086Layered tablets, e.g. bilayer tablets; Tablets of the type inert core-active coat active cores with a complete drug-free outer coat A61K9/28 A61K9/209containing drug in at least two layers or in the core and in at least one outer layer A61K9/2095Tabletting processes; Dosage units made by direct compression of powders or specially processed granules, by eliminating solvents, by melt-extrusion, by injection molding, by 3D printing mechanical aspects A61J3/00 A61K9/28DrageesCoated pills or tablets , e.g. with film or compression coating A61K9/2072 takes precedence, e.g. partially coated tablets A61K9/2072, coated multilayer tablets A61K9/2086, tablets with drug-coated core A61K9/209 A61K9/2806Coating materials A61K9/2813Inorganic compounds A61K9/282Organic compounds, e.g. fats A61K9/2826Sugars or sugar alcohols, e.g. sucrose; Derivatives thereof A61K9/2833Organic macromolecular compounds A61K9/284obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polyvinyl pyrrolidone A61K9/2846Poly(meth)acrylates A61K9/2853obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polyethylene glycol, polyethylene oxide, poloxamers, poly(lactide-co-glycolide) A61K9/286Polysaccharides, e.g. gums; Cyclodextrin A61K9/2866Cellulose; Cellulose derivatives, e.g. hydroxypropyl methylcellulose A61K9/2873Proteins, e.g. gelatin A61K9/288Compounds of unknown constitution, e.g. material from plants or animals oils, fats, waxes, shellac A61K9/282 A61K9/2886having two or more different drug-free coatings; Tablets of the type inert core-drug layer-inactive layer of the type active core-drug layer-inactive layer A61K9/209 A61K9/2893Tablet coating processes mechanical aspects A61J3/06 A61K9/48Preparations in capsules, e.g. of gelatin, of chocolate A61K9/0004 takes precedence; bite capsules A61K9/0056 A61K9/4808characterised by the form of the capsule or the structure of the filling; Capsules containing small tablets; Capsules with outer layer for immediate drug release capsules filled with granules or microparticles A61K9/16; filled with microcapsules or coated microparticles A61K9/50; with mixture of different granules, microcapsules, (coated) microparticles A61K9/5084 A61K9/4816Wall or shell material A61K9/4825Proteins, e.g. gelatin gelatin capsule shells with substantial amounts of other macromolecular substances A61K9/4816 A61K9/4833Encapsulating processes; Filling of capsules mechanical aspects A61J3/07 A61K9/4841Filling excipients; Inactive ingredients A61K9/485Inorganic compounds A61K9/4858Organic compounds A61K9/4866Organic macromolecular compounds A61K9/4875Compounds of unknown constitution, e.g. material from plants or animals oils, fats, waxes, shellac A61K9/4858 A61K9/4883Capsule finishing, e.g. dyeing, aromatising, polishing A61K9/4891Coated capsules; Multilayered drug free capsule shells with drug coating for immediate release A61K9/4808; osmotic devices A61K9/0004 A61K9/50Microcapsules having a gas, liquid or semi-solid filling; Solid microparticles or pellets surrounded by a distinct coating layer, e.g. coated microspheres, coated drug crystals A61K9/2081 takes precedence; particles with a single coating comprising drug A61K9/167 A61K9/5005Wall or coating material A61K9/501Inorganic compounds A61K9/5015Organic compounds, e.g. fats, sugars A61K9/5021Organic macromolecular compounds A61K9/5026obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polyvinyl pyrrolidone, poly(meth)acrylates A61K9/5031obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polyethylene glycol, poly(lactide-co-glycolide) A61K9/5036Polysaccharides, e.g. gums, alginate; Cyclodextrin A61K9/5042Cellulose; Cellulose derivatives, e.g. phthalate or acetate succinate esters of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose A61K9/5047Cellulose ethers containing no ester groups, e.g. hydroxypropyl methylcellulose A61K9/5052Proteins, e.g. albumin A61K9/5057Gelatin A61K9/5063Compounds of unknown constitution, e.g. material from plants or animals oils, fats, waxes, shellac A61K9/5015 A61K9/5068Cell membranes or bacterial membranes enclosing drugs with additional exogenous lipids A61K9/127; virus envelopes A61K9/5184 A61K9/5073having two or more different coatings optionally including drug-containing subcoatings A61K9/5078with drug-free core A61K9/5084Mixtures of one or more drugs in different galenical forms, at least one of which being granules, microcapsules or (coated) microparticles according to A61K9/16 or A61K9/50, e.g. for obtaining a specific release pattern or for combining different drugs tablets containing such a mixture A61K9/2077 A61K9/5089Processes A61K9/5094Microcapsules containing magnetic carrier material, e.g. ferrite for drug targeting A61K9/51NanocapsulesNanoparticles; nanotubes A61K9/0092; polymeric micelles A61K9/1075; polymersomes A61K9/1273; pure drug nanoparticles A61K9/14; drug nanoparticles with adsorbed surface modifiers A61K9/141; conjugates, e.g. between drug and non-active nanoparticles, A61K47/50; preparations for in vivo diagnosis A61K49/00; with radioactive substances A61K51/00 A61K9/5107Excipients; Inactive ingredients A61K9/5115Inorganic compounds A61K9/5123Organic compounds, e.g. fats, sugars A61K9/513Organic macromolecular compounds; Dendrimers A61K9/5138obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polyvinyl pyrrolidone, poly(meth)acrylates A61K9/5146obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polyethylene glycol, polyamines, polyanhydrides A61K9/5153Polyesters, e.g. poly(lactide-co-glycolide) A61K9/5161Polysaccharides, e.g. alginate, chitosan, cellulose derivatives; Cyclodextrin A61K9/5169Proteins, e.g. albumin, gelatin A61K9/5176Compounds of unknown constitution, e.g. material from plants or animals oils, fats, waxes, shellac A61K9/5123 A61K9/5184Virus capsids or envelopes enclosing drugs with additional exogenous lipids A61K9/127; bacterial membranes A61K9/5068 A61K9/5192Processes A61K9/70Web, sheet or filament bases ; Films; Fibres of the matrix type containing drug hollow drug-filled fibres A61K9/0092 A61K9/7007Drug-containing films, membranes or sheets A61K9/0041, A61K9/0043, A61K9/006, A61K9/0063 take precedence A61K9/7015Drug-containing film-forming compositions, e.g. spray-on A61K9/7023Transdermal patches and similar drug-containing composite devices, e.g. cataplasms galenical aspects of iontophoretic devices A61K9/0009; microneedle arrays A61K9/0021; buccal patches A61K9/006 A61K9/703characterised by shape or structure; Details concerning release liner or backing; Refillable patches; User-activated patches A61K9/7038Transdermal patches of the drug-in-adhesive type, i.e. comprising drug in the skin-adhesive layer A61K9/7046the adhesive comprising macromolecular compounds A61K9/7053obtained by reactions only involving carbon to carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polyvinyl, polyisobutylene, polystyrene A61K9/7061Polyacrylates A61K9/7069obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon to carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polysiloxane, polyesters, polyurethane, polyethylene oxide A61K9/7076the adhesive comprising ingredients of undetermined constitution or reaction products thereof, e.g. rosin or other plant resins A61K9/7084Transdermal patches having a drug layer or reservoir, and one or more separate drug-free skin-adhesive layers, e.g. between drug reservoir and skin, or surrounding the drug reservoir; Liquid-filled reservoir patches A61K9/7092Transdermal patches having multiple drug layers or reservoirs, e.g. for obtaining a specific release pattern, or for combining different drugs A61K31/00Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients When classifying in groups A61K31/00 - A61K41/00 the symbol A61K2300/00 may be added, using Combination Sets, to indicate a mixture of active ingredients. In the preparation of new organic compounds and their use in medicinal preparations, classification is only made in the relevant subclasses C07C - C07J according to the type of compound. However, the inventions dealing with medicinal preparations containing at least two active organic ingredients are always classified in this group in addition to the classification for the type of compounds in C07C - C07J. Attention is drawn to the notes in class C07, particularly to the definition of steroids given in Note (1) following the title of C07J and to the definition of carbohydrates and sugars given in the notes following the title of C07H. Salts and complexes of organic active compounds are always classified according to the free active compounds. If a complex is formed between two or more active compounds, then they are classified according to all compounds forming the salts or complexes followed by the symbol A61K2300/00 (i.e. as a mixture of active organic compounds). According to the last place rule, organic active compounds forming salts with heavy metals should be classified in A61K33/24 - A61K33/38 and not in subgroups A61K31/28 - A61K31/32, A61K31/555 or A61K31/714.
This does not apply to complexes, as apparent from the A61K31/00 scheme, wherein the complexes hemin and hematin are classified in A61K31/555 and cyanocobalamin in A61K31/714. From January 2003 onwards, the EPO copies into CPC the IPC classification of the first document received (family representative). However, blends of active ingredients receive the additional symbol A61K2300/00 as Combination Set. A61K31/01Hydrocarbons A61K31/015carbocyclic A61K31/02Halogenated hydrocarbons A61K31/025carbocyclic A61K31/03aromatic A61K31/035having aliphatic unsaturation A61K31/04Nitro compounds A61K31/045Hydroxy compounds, e.g. alcoholsSalts thereof, e.g. alcoholates A61K31/047having two or more hydroxy groups, e.g. sorbitol A61K31/05Phenols A61K31/055the aromatic ring being substituted by halogen A61K31/06the aromatic ring being substituted by nitro groups A61K31/065Diphenyl-substituted acyclic alcohols A61K31/07Retinol compounds, e.g. vitamin A retinoic acids A61K31/203 A61K31/075Ethers or acetals A61K31/08acyclic, e.g. paraformaldehyde A61K31/085having an ether linkage to aromatic ring nuclear carbon A61K31/09having two or more such linkages A61K31/095Sulfur, selenium, or tellurium compounds, e.g. thiols A61K31/10SulfidesSulfoxidesSulfones A61K31/105Persulfides thiuram disulfides A61K31/145; thiosulfonic acids A61K31/185 A61K31/11Aldehydes A61K31/115Formaldehyde A61K31/12Ketones A61K31/121acyclic A61K31/122having the oxygen directly attached to a ring, e.g. quinones, vitamin K₁, anthralin A61K31/125CamphorNuclear substituted derivatives thereof A61K31/13Amines A61K31/04 takes precedence A61K31/131acyclic A61K31/132having two or more amino groups, e.g. spermidine, putrescine A61K31/133having hydroxy groups, e.g. sphingosine A61K31/135having aromatic rings , e.g. ketamine, nortriptyline methadone A61K31/137 A61K31/136having the amino group directly attached to the aromatic ring, e.g. benzeneamine A61K31/137Arylalkylamines, e.g. amphetamine, epinephrine, salbutamol, ephedrine or methadone A61K31/138Aryloxyalkylamines, e.g. propranolol, tamoxifen, phenoxybenzamine atenolol A61K31/165; pindolol A61K31/404; timolol A61K31/5377 A61K31/14Quaternary ammonium compounds, e.g. edrophonium, choline betaines A61K31/205 A61K31/145having sulfur, e.g. thiurams (>N—C(S)—S—C(S)—N< and >N—C(S)—S—S—C(S)—N<), Sulfinylamines (—N=SO), Sulfonylamines (—N=SO₂) isothiourea A61K31/155 A61K31/15Oximes (>C=N—O—)Hydrazines (>N—N<)Hydrazones (>N—N=) ; Imines (C—N=C) A61K31/155Amidines (), e.g. guanidine (H₂N—C(=NH)—NH₂), isourea (N=C(OH)—NH₂), isothiourea (—N=C(SH)—NH₂) A61K31/16Amides, e.g. hydroxamic acids A61K31/164of a carboxylic acid with an aminoalcohol, e.g. ceramides A61K31/165having aromatic rings, e.g. colchicine, atenolol, progabide A61K31/166having the carbon of a carboxamide group directly attached to the aromatic ring, e.g. procainamide, procarbazine, metoclopramide, labetalol A61K31/167having the nitrogen of a carboxamide group directly attached to the aromatic ring, e.g. lidocaine, paracetamol A61K31/17having the group >N—C(O)—N< or >N—C(S)—N<, e.g. urea, thiourea, carmustine isoureas, isothioureas A61K31/155; sulfonylureas A61K31/64 A61K31/175having the group , >N—C(O)—N=N— or , e.g. carbonohydrazides, carbazones, semicarbazides, semicarbazonesThioanalogues thereof A61K31/18Sulfonamides compounds containing a para-N-benzene-sulfonyl-N- group A61K31/63 A61K31/185AcidsAnhydrides, halides or salts thereof, e.g. sulfur acids, imidic, hydrazonic, hydroximic acids hydroxamic acids A61K31/16; peroxy acids A61K31/327Cyclic anhydrides are considered to be heterocyclic rings A61K31/19Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid salicylic acid A61K31/60 A61K31/191having two or more hydroxy groups, e.g. gluconic acid A61K31/192having aromatic groups, e.g. sulindac, 2-arylpropionic acids, ethacrynic acid A61K31/194having two or more carboxyl groups, e.g. succinic, maleic or phthalic acid A61K31/195having an amino group A61K31/196the amino group being directly attached to a ring, e.g. anthranilic acid, mefenamic acid, diclofenac, chlorambucil A61K31/197the amino and the carboxyl groups being attached to the same acyclic carbon chain, e.g. gamma-aminobutyric acid [GABA], beta-alanine, epsilon-aminocaproic acid, pantothenic acid carnitine A61K31/205 A61K31/198Alpha-aminoacids, e.g. alanine, edetic acids [EDTA], betaine A61K31/205; proline A61K31/401; tryptophan A61K31/405; histidine A61K31/4172; peptides not degraded to individual aminoacids A61K38/00 A61K31/20having a carboxyl group bound to a chain of seven or more carbon atoms, e.g. stearic, palmitic, arachidic acids A61K31/201having one or two double bonds, e.g. oleic, linoleic acids A61K31/202having three or more double bonds, e.g. linolenic eicosanoids, e.g. leukotrienes A61K31/557 A61K31/203Retinoic acids Salts thereof A61K31/205Amine addition salts of organic acidsInner quaternary ammonium salts, e.g. betaine, carnitine A61K31/21Esters, e.g. nitroglycerine, selenocyanates A61K31/215of carboxylic acids A61K31/216of acids having aromatic rings, e.g. benactizyne, clofibrate A61K31/22of acyclic acids, e.g. pravastatin A61K31/221with compounds having an amino group, e.g. acetylcholine, acetylcarnitine A61K31/222with compounds having aromatic groups, e.g. dipivefrine, ibopamine A61K31/223of alpha-aminoacids A61K31/225Polycarboxylic acids A61K31/23of acids having a carboxyl group bound to a chain of seven or more carbon atoms A61K31/231having one or two double bonds A61K31/232having three or more double bonds, e.g. etretinate A61K31/235having an aromatic ring attached to a carboxyl group A61K31/24having an amino or nitro group A61K31/245Amino benzoic acid types, e.g. procaine, novocaine salicylic acid esters A61K31/60 A61K31/25with polyoxyalkylated alcohols, e.g. esters of polyethylene glycol A61K31/255of sulfoxy acids or sulfur analogues thereof A61K31/26Cyanate or isocyanate estersThiocyanate or isothiocyanate esters A61K31/265of carbonic, thiocarbonic, or thiocarboxylic acids, e.g. thioacetic acid, xanthogenic acid, trithiocarbonic acid A61K31/27of carbamic or thiocarbamic acids, meprobamate, carbachol, neostigmine A61K31/275NitrilesIsonitriles A61K31/277having a ring, e.g. verapamil A61K31/28Compounds containing heavy metals A61K31/282Platinum compounds A61K31/285Arsenic compounds A61K31/29Antimony or bismuth compounds A61K31/295Iron group metal compounds A61K31/30Copper compounds A61K31/305Mercury compounds A61K31/31containing nitrogen A61K31/315Zinc compounds A61K31/32Tin compounds A61K31/325Carbamic acidsThiocarbamic acidsAnhydrides or salts thereof thiurams A61K31/145 A61K31/327Peroxy compounds, e.g. hydroperoxides, peroxides, peroxyacids A61K31/33Heterocyclic compounds A61K31/335having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin A61K31/336having three-membered rings, e.g. oxirane, fumagillin A61K31/337having four-membered rings, e.g. taxol A61K31/34having five-membered rings with one oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. isosorbide A61K31/341not condensed with another ring, e.g. ranitidine, furosemide, bufetolol, muscarine A61K31/343condensed with a carbocyclic ring, e.g. coumaran, bufuralol, befunolol, clobenfurol, amiodarone A61K31/345Nitrofurans nitrofurantoin A61K31/4178 A61K31/35having six-membered rings with one oxygen as the only ring hetero atom A61K31/351not condensed with another ring A61K31/352condensed with carbocyclic rings, e.g. cannabinols, methantheline A61K31/3533,4-Dihydrobenzopyrans, e.g. chroman, catechin A61K31/355Tocopherols, e.g. vitamin E A61K31/357having two or more oxygen atoms in the same ring, e.g. crown ethers, guanadrel A61K31/36Compounds containing methylenedioxyphenyl groups, e.g. sesamin A61K31/365Lactones A61K31/366having six-membered rings, e.g. delta-lactones A61K31/37Coumarins, e.g. psoralen A61K31/375Ascorbic acid, i.e. vitamin CSalts thereof A61K31/38having sulfur as a ring hetero atom A61K31/381having five-membered rings A61K31/382having six-membered rings, e.g. thioxanthenes thiothixene A61K31/496 A61K31/385having two or more sulfur atoms in the same ring A61K31/39having oxygen in the same ring A61K31/395having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins A61K31/396having three-membered rings, e.g. aziridine A61K31/397having four-membered rings, e.g. azetidine A61K31/40having five-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. sulpiride, succinimide, tolmetin, buflomedil A61K31/401ProlineDerivatives thereof, e.g. captopril A61K31/4015having oxo groups directly attached to the heterocyclic ring, e.g. piracetam, ethosuximide A61K31/4021-aryl substituted, e.g. piretanide A61K31/4025not condensed and containing further heterocyclic rings, e.g. cromakalim A61K31/403condensed with carbocyclic rings, e.g. carbazole A61K31/4035Isoindoles, e.g. phthalimide A61K31/404Indoles, e.g. pindolol A61K31/4045Indole-alkylaminesAmides thereof, e.g. serotonin, melatonin A61K31/405Indole-alkanecarboxylic acidsDerivatives thereof, e.g. tryptophan, indomethacin A61K31/407condensed with other heterocyclic ring systems, e.g. ketorolac, physostigmine A61K31/409having four such rings, e.g. porphine derivatives, bilirubin, biliverdine hemin, hematin A61K31/555 A61K31/41having five-membered rings with two or more ring hetero atoms, at least one of which being nitrogen, e.g. tetrazole A61K31/4151,2-Diazoles A61K31/4152having oxo groups directly attached to the heterocyclic ring, e.g. antipyrine, phenylbutazone, sulfinpyrazone A61K31/4155non condensed and containing further heterocyclic rings A61K31/416condensed with carbocyclic ring systems, e.g. indazole A61K31/4162condensed with heterocyclic ring systems A61K31/41641,3-Diazoles A61K31/4166having oxo groups directly attached to the heterocyclic ring, e.g. phenytoin A61K31/4168having a nitrogen attached in position 2, e.g. clonidine A61K31/417Imidazole-alkylamines, e.g. histamine, phentolamine A61K31/4172Imidazole-alkanecarboxylic acids, e.g. histidine A61K31/4174Arylalkylimidazoles, e.g. oxymetazolin, naphazoline, miconazole A61K31/4178not condensed 1,3-diazoles and containing further heterocyclic rings, e.g. pilocarpine, nitrofurantoin A61K31/4184condensed with carbocyclic rings, e.g. benzimidazoles A61K31/4188condensed with other heterocyclic ring systems, e.g. biotin, sorbinil A61K31/41921,2,3-Triazoles A61K31/41961,2,4-Triazoles A61K31/42Oxazoles A61K31/4211,3-Oxazoles, e.g. pemoline, trimethadione A61K31/422not condensed and containing further heterocyclic rings A61K31/423condensed with carbocyclic rings A61K31/424condensed with heterocyclic ring systems, e.g. clavulanic acid A61K31/4245Oxadiazoles A61K31/425Thiazoles A61K31/4261,3-Thiazoles A61K31/427not condensed and containing further heterocyclic rings A61K31/428condensed with carbocyclic rings A61K31/429condensed with heterocyclic ring systems A61K31/43Compounds containing 4-thia-1-azabicyclo [3.2.0] heptane ring systems, i.e. compounds containing a ring system of the formula , e.g. penicillins, penems A61K31/431containing further heterocyclic rings, e.g. ticarcillin, azlocillin, oxacillin A61K31/433Thidiazoles A61K31/435having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom A61K31/4353ortho- or peri-condensed with heterocyclic ring systems A61K31/4355the heterocyclic ring system containing a five-membered ring having oxygen as a ring hetero atom A61K31/436the heterocyclic ring system containing a six-membered ring having oxygen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. rapamycin A61K31/4365the heterocyclic ring system having sulfur as a ring hetero atom, e.g. ticlopidine A61K31/437the heterocyclic ring system containing a five-membered ring having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. indolizine, beta-carboline A61K31/4375the heterocyclic ring system containing a six-membered ring having nitrogen as a ring heteroatom, e.g. quinolizines, naphthyridines, berberine, vincamine A61K31/438The ring being spiro-condensed with carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring systems A61K31/439the ring forming part of a bridged ring system, e.g. quinuclidine 8-azabicyclo [3.2.1] octanes A61K31/46 A61K31/44Non condensed pyridinesHydrogenated derivatives thereof A61K31/4402only substituted in position 2, e.g. pheniramine, bisacodyl A61K31/4406only substituted in position 3, e.g. zimeldine nicotinic acid A61K31/455 A61K31/4409only substituted in position 4, e.g. isoniazid, iproniazid A61K31/4412having oxo groups directly attached to the heterocyclic ring A61K31/4415Pyridoxine, i.e. Vitamin B₆ pyridoxal phosphate A61K31/675 A61K31/4418having a carbocyclic group directly attached to the heterocyclic ring, e.g. cyproheptadine A61K31/44221,4-Dihydropyridines, e.g. nifedipine, nicardipine A61K31/4425Pyridinium derivatives, e.g. pralidoxime, pyridostigmine A61K31/4427containing further heterocyclic ring systems A61K31/443containing a five-membered ring with oxygen as a ring hetero atom A61K31/4433containing a six-membered ring with oxygen as a ring hetero atom A61K31/4436containing a heterocyclic ring having sulfur as a ring hetero atom A61K31/4439containing a five-membered ring with nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. omeprazole nicotine A61K31/465 A61K31/444containing a six-membered ring with nitrogen as a ring heteroatom, e.g. amrinone A61K31/445Non condensed piperidines, e.g. piperocaine A61K31/4453only substituted in position 1, e.g. propipocaine, diperodon A61K31/4458only substituted in position 2, e.g. methylphenidate A61K31/4462only substituted in position 3 A61K31/4465only substituted in position 4 A61K31/4468having a nitrogen directly attached in position 4, e.g. clebopride, fentanyl A61K31/45having oxo groups directly attached to the heterocyclic ring, e.g. cycloheximide A61K31/451having a carbocyclic group directly attached to the heterocyclic ring, e.g. glutethimide, meperidine, loperamide, phencyclidine, piminodine A61K31/4515having a butyrophenone group in position 1, e.g. haloperidol pipamperone A61K31/4545 A61K31/452Piperidinium derivatives pancuronium A61K31/58 A61K31/4523containing further heterocyclic ring systems A61K31/4525containing a five-membered ring with oxygen as a ring hetero atom A61K31/453containing a six-membered ring with oxygen as a ring hetero atom A61K31/4535containing a heterocyclic ring having sulfur as a ring hetero atom, e.g. pizotifen A61K31/454containing a five-membered ring with nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. pimozide, domperidone A61K31/4545containing a six-membered ring with nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. pipamperone, anabasine A61K31/455Nicotinic acids, e.g. niacinDerivatives thereof, e.g. esters, amides A61K31/468-Azabicyclo [3.2.1] octaneDerivatives thereof, e.g. atropine, cocaine A61K31/465NicotineDerivatives thereof A61K31/47QuinolinesIsoquinolines A61K31/47042-Quinolinones, e.g. carbostyril A61K31/47064-Aminoquinolines8-Aminoquinolines, e.g. chloroquine, primaquine A61K31/4709Non-condensed quinolines and containing further heterocyclic rings A61K31/472Non-condensed isoquinolines, e.g. papaverine A61K31/4725containing further heterocyclic rings A61K31/473ortho- or peri-condensed with carbocyclic ring systems, e.g. acridines, phenanthridines A61K31/4738ortho- or peri-condensed with heterocyclic ring systems A61K31/4741condensed with ring systems having oxygen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. tubocuraran derivatives, noscapine, bicuculline A61K31/4743condensed with ring systems having sulfur as a ring hetero atom A61K31/4745condensed with ring systems having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. phenantrolines yohimbine derivatives, vinblastine A61K31/475; ergoline derivatives A61K31/48 A61K31/4747spiro-condensed A61K31/4748forming part of bridged ring systems strychnine A61K31/475; morphinan derivatives A61K31/485 A61K31/475having an indole ring, e.g. yohimbine, reserpine, strychnine, vinblastine vincamine A61K31/4375 A61K31/48Ergoline derivatives, e.g. lysergic acid, ergotamine A61K31/485Morphinan derivatives, e.g. morphine, codeine A61K31/49Cinchonan derivatives, e.g. quinine A61K31/495having six-membered rings with two or more nitrogen atoms as the only ring heteroatoms, e.g. piperazine or tetrazinesA61K31/48 takes precedence ; with three nitrogen atoms A61K31/53 A61K31/496Non-condensed piperazines containing further heterocyclic rings, e.g. rifampin, thiothixene A61K31/4965Non-condensed pyrazines A61K31/497containing further heterocyclic rings A61K31/498Pyrazines or piperazines ortho- and peri-condensed with carbocyclic ring systems, e.g. quinoxaline, phenazine A61K31/4985Pyrazines or piperazines ortho- or peri-condensed with heterocyclic ring systems A61K31/499Spiro-condensed pyrazines or piperazines A61K31/4995Pyrazines or piperazines forming part of bridged ring systems A61K31/50PyridazinesHydrogenated pyridazines A61K31/501not condensed and containing further heterocyclic rings A61K31/502ortho- or peri-condensed with carbocyclic ring systems, e.g. cinnoline, phthalazine A61K31/5025ortho- or peri-condensed with heterocyclic ring systems A61K31/503spiro-condensed A61K31/504forming part of bridged ring systems A61K31/505PyrimidinesHydrogenated pyrimidines, e.g. trimethoprim A61K31/506not condensed and containing further heterocyclic rings A61K31/51Thiamines, e.g. vitamin B₁ A61K31/513having oxo groups directly attached to the heterocyclic ring, e.g. cytosine A61K31/515Barbituric acidsDerivatives thereof, e.g. sodium pentobarbital A61K31/517ortho- or peri-condensed with carbocyclic ring systems, e.g. quinazoline, perimidine A61K31/519ortho- or peri-condensed with heterocyclic rings A61K31/52Purines, e.g. adenine A61K31/522having oxo groups directly attached to the heterocyclic ring, e.g. hypoxanthine, guanine, acyclovir A61K31/525Isoalloxazines, e.g. riboflavins, vitamin B₂ A61K31/527spiro-condensed A61K31/529forming part of bridged ring systems A61K31/53having six-membered rings with three nitrogens as the only ring hetero atoms, e.g. chlorazanil, melamine melarsoprol A61K31/555 ; with four nitrogen atoms A61K31/495 A61K31/535having six-membered rings with at least one nitrogen and one oxygen as the ring hetero atoms, e.g. 1,2-oxazines A61K31/5355Non-condensed oxazines and containing further heterocyclic rings A61K31/536ortho- or peri-condensed with carbocyclic ring systems A61K31/5365ortho- or peri-condensed with heterocyclic ring systems A61K31/537spiro-condensed or forming part of bridged ring systems A61K31/53751,4-Oxazines, e.g. morpholine A61K31/5377not condensed and containing further heterocyclic rings, e.g. timolol A61K31/538ortho- or peri-condensed with carbocyclic ring systems A61K31/5383ortho- or peri-condensed with heterocyclic ring systems A61K31/5386spiro-condensed or forming part of bridged ring systems A61K31/539having two or more oxygen atoms in the same ring, e.g. dioxazines A61K31/5395having two or more nitrogen atoms in the same ring, e.g. oxadiazines A61K31/54having six-membered rings with at least one nitrogen and one sulfur as the ring hetero atoms, e.g. sulthiame A61K31/541Non-condensed thiazines containing further heterocyclic rings A61K31/5415ortho- or peri-condensed with carbocyclic ring systems, e.g. phenothiazine, chlorpromazine, piroxicam A61K31/542ortho- or peri-condensed with heterocyclic ring systems A61K31/545Compounds containing 5-thia-1-azabicyclo [4.2.0] octane ring systems, i.e. compounds containing a ring system of the formula: , e.g. cephalosporins, cefaclor, or cephalexine A61K31/546containing further heterocyclic rings, e.g. cephalothin A61K31/547spiro-condensed or forming part of bridged ring systems A61K31/548having two or more sulfur atoms in the same ring A61K31/549having two or more nitrogen atoms in the same ring, e.g. hydrochlorothiazide A61K31/55having seven-membered rings, e.g. azelastine, pentylenetetrazole A61K31/551having two nitrogen atoms, e.g. dilazep A61K31/55131,4-Benzodiazepines, e.g. diazepam or clozapine A61K31/5517condensed with five-membered rings having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. imidazobenzodiazepines, triazolam A61K31/553having at least one nitrogen and one oxygen as ring hetero atoms, e.g. loxapine, staurosporine A61K31/554having at least one nitrogen and one sulfur as ring hetero atoms, e.g. clothiapine, diltiazem A61K31/5545having eight-membered rings not containing additional condensed or non-condensed nitrogen-containing 3-7 membered ringsThis subgroup does not cover N-containing eight-membered rings which also contain additional condensed and non-condensed nitrogen containing 3-7 membered rings, which are covered by subgroups A61K31/396 - A61K31/554. A61K31/555containing heavy metals, e.g. hemin, hematin, melarsoprol A61K31/557Eicosanoids, e.g. leukotrienes or prostaglandins A61K31/5575having a cyclopentane, e.g. prostaglandin E₂, prostaglandin F_2-alpha A61K31/5578having a pentalene ring system, e.g. carbacyclin, iloprost A61K31/558having heterocyclic rings containing oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. thromboxanes A61K31/5585having five-membered rings containing oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. prostacyclin A61K31/559having heterocyclic rings containing hetero atoms other than oxygen A61K31/56Compounds containing cyclopenta[a]hydrophenanthrene ring systemsDerivatives thereof, e.g. steroids Attention is drawn to Note (1) following the title of subclass C07J which explains what is covered by the term "steroids" A61K31/565not substituted in position 17 beta by a carbon atom, e.g. estrane, estradiol A61K31/566having an oxo group in position 17, e.g. estrone A61K31/567substituted in position 17 alpha, e.g. mestranol, norethandrolone A61K31/568substituted in positions 10 and 13 by a chain having at least one carbon atom, e.g. androstanes, e.g. testosterone A61K31/5685having an oxo group in position 17, e.g. androsterone A61K31/569substituted in position 17 alpha, e.g. ethisterone A61K31/57substituted in position 17 beta by a chain of two carbon atoms, e.g. pregnane or progesterone A61K31/573substituted in position 21, e.g. cortisone, dexamethasone, prednisone or aldosterone A61K31/575substituted in position 17 beta by a chain of three or more carbon atoms, e.g. cholane, cholestane, ergosterol, sitosterol A61K31/58containing heterocyclic rings, e.g. danazol, stanozolol, pancuronium or digitogenin digitoxin A61K31/7048 A61K31/585containing lactone rings, e.g. oxandrolone, bufalin A61K31/59Compounds containing 9, 10- seco- cyclopenta[a]hydrophenanthrene ring systems A61K31/5929,10-Secoergostane derivatives, e.g. ergocalciferol, i.e. vitamin D₂ A61K31/5939,10-Secocholestane derivatives, e.g. cholecalciferol, i.e. vitamin D₃ A61K31/60Salicylic acidDerivatives thereof A61K31/603having further aromatic rings, e.g. diflunisal A61K31/606having amino groups A61K31/609Amides, e.g. salicylamide labetalol, metoclopramide A61K31/166 A61K31/612having the hydroxy group in position 2 esterified, e.g. salicylsulfuric acid fosfosal A61K31/661 A61K31/616by carboxylic acids, e.g. acetylsalicylic acid A61K31/618having the carboxyl group in position 1 esterified, e.g. salsalate A61K31/621having the hydroxy group in position 2 esterified, e.g. benorylate A61K31/625having heterocyclic substituents, e.g. 4-salicycloylmorpholine, sulfasalazine A61K31/635 A61K31/63Compounds containing para-N-benzenesulfonyl-N-groups, e.g. sulfanilamide, p-nitrobenzenesulfonyl hydrazide A61K31/635having a heterocyclic ring, e.g. sulfadiazine A61K31/64Sulfonylureas, e.g. glibenclamide, tolbutamide, chlorpropamide A61K31/65Tetracyclines A61K31/655Azo (—N=N—), diazo (=N₂), azoxy (>N—O—N< or N(=O)—N<), azido (—N₃) or diazoamino (—N=N—N<) compounds A61K31/66Phosphorus compounds A61K31/661Phosphorus acids or esters thereof not having P—C bonds, e.g. fosfosal, dichlorvos, malathion or mevinphos A61K31/6615Compounds having two or more esterified phosphorus acid groups, e.g. inositol triphosphate, phytic acid A61K31/662Phosphorus acids or esters thereof having P—C bonds, e.g. foscarnet, trichlorfon A61K31/663Compounds having two or more phosphorus acid groups or esters thereof, e.g. clodronic acid, pamidronic acid A61K31/664Amides of phosphorus acids A61K31/665having oxygen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. fosfomycin A61K31/67having sulfur as a ring hetero atom A61K31/675having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. pyridoxal phosphate A61K31/683Diesters of a phosphorus acid with two hydroxy compounds, e.g. phosphatidylinositols A61K31/685one of the hydroxy compounds having nitrogen atoms, e.g. phosphatidylserine, lecithin A61K31/688both hydroxy compounds having nitrogen atoms, e.g. sphingomyelins A61K31/69Boron compounds A61K31/695Silicon compounds A61K31/70CarbohydratesSugarsDerivatives thereof sorbitol A61K31/047 In this group, the expressions are used with the meanings indicated in Note (3) following the title of the subclass C07H A61K31/7004Monosaccharides having only carbon, hydrogen and oxygen atoms A61K31/7008Compounds having an amino group directly attached to a carbon atom of the saccharide radical, e.g. D-galactosamine, ranimustine A61K31/7012Compounds having a free or esterified carboxyl group attached, directly or through a carbon chain, to a carbon atom of the saccharide radical, e.g. glucuronic acid, neuraminic acid gluconic acid A61K31/191; ascorbic acid A61K31/375 A61K31/7016Disaccharides, e.g. lactose, lactulose lactobionic acid A61K31/7032 A61K31/702Oligosaccharides, i.e. having three to five saccharide radicals attached to each other by glycosidic linkages A61K31/7024Esters of saccharides A61K31/7028Compounds having saccharide radicals attached to non-saccharide compounds by glycosidic linkages A61K31/7032attached to a polyol, i.e. compounds having two or more free or esterified hydroxy groups, including the hydroxy group involved in the glycosidic linkage, e.g. monoglucosyldiacylglycerides, lactobionic acid, gangliosides A61K31/7034attached to a carbocyclic compound, e.g. phloridzin A61K31/7036having at least one amino group directly attached to the carbocyclic ring, e.g. streptomycin, gentamycin, amikacin, validamycin, fortimicins A61K31/704attached to a condensed carbocyclic ring system, e.g. sennosides, thiocolchicosides, escin, daunorubicin digitoxin A61K31/7048 A61K31/7042Compounds having saccharide radicals and heterocyclic rings A61K31/7048having oxygen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. leucoglucosan, hesperidin, erythromycin, nystatin , digitoxin or digoxin A61K31/7052having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. nucleosides, nucleotides A61K31/7056containing five-membered rings with nitrogen as a ring hetero atom A61K31/706containing six-membered rings with nitrogen as a ring hetero atom A61K31/7064containing condensed or non-condensed pyrimidines A61K31/7068having oxo groups directly attached to the pyrimidine ring, e.g. cytidine, cytidylic acid A61K31/7072having two oxo groups directly attached to the pyrimidine ring, e.g. uridine, uridylic acid, thymidine, zidovudine A61K31/7076containing purines, e.g. adenosine, adenylic acid A61K31/708having oxo groups directly attached to the purine ring system, e.g. guanosine, guanylic acid A61K31/7084Compounds having two nucleosides or nucleotides, e.g. nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide, flavine-adenine dinucleotide A61K31/7088Compounds having three or more nucleosides or nucleotides A61K31/7105Natural ribonucleic acids, i.e. containing only riboses attached to adenine, guanine, cytosine or uracil and having 3'-5' phosphodiester links A61K31/711Natural deoxyribonucleic acids, i.e. containing only 2'-deoxyriboses attached to adenine, guanine, cytosine or thymine and having 3'-5' phosphodiester links A61K31/7115Nucleic acids or oligonucleotides having modified bases, i.e. other than adenine, guanine, cytosine, uracil or thymine A61K31/712Nucleic acids or oligonucleotides having modified sugars, i.e. other than ribose or 2'-deoxyribose A61K31/7125Nucleic acids or oligonucleotides having modified internucleoside linkage, i.e. other than 3'-5' phosphodiesters A61K31/713Double-stranded nucleic acids or oligonucleotides A61K31/7135Compounds containing heavy metals A61K31/714Cobalamins, e.g. cyanocobalamin, i.e. vitamin B₁₂ A61K31/715Polysaccharides, i.e. having more than five saccharide radicals attached to each other by glycosidic linkagesDerivatives thereof, e.g. ethers, esters A61K31/716Glucans A61K31/717Celluloses A61K31/718Starch or degraded starch, e.g. amylose, amylopectin A61K31/719Pullulans A61K31/721Dextrans A61K31/722Chitin, chitosan A61K31/723Xanthans A61K31/724Cyclodextrins A61K31/726Glycosaminoglycans, i.e. mucopolysaccharides chondroitin sulfate, dermatan sulfate A61K31/737 A61K31/727HeparinHeparan A61K31/728Hyaluronic acid A61K31/729AgarAgaroseAgaropectin A61K31/731Carrageenans A61K31/732Pectin A61K31/733Fructosans, e.g. inulin A61K31/734Alginic acid A61K31/736Glucomannans or galactomannans, e.g. locust bean gum, guar gum A61K31/737Sulfated polysaccharides, e.g. chondroitin sulfate, dermatan sulfate A61K31/727 takes precedence A61K31/738Cross-linked polysaccharides A61K31/739Lipopolysaccharides A61K31/74Synthetic polymeric materials A61K31/745Polymers of hydrocarbons A61K31/75of ethene A61K31/755Polymers containing halogen A61K31/76of vinyl chloride A61K31/765Polymers containing oxygen A61K31/77of oxiranes A61K31/775Phenolic resins A61K31/78of acrylic acid or derivatives thereof A61K31/785Polymers containing nitrogen A61K31/787containing heterocyclic rings having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom A61K31/79Polymers of vinyl pyrrolidone A61K31/795Polymers containing sulfur A61K31/80Polymers containing hetero atoms not provided for in groups A61K31/755 - A61K31/795 A61K33/00Medicinal preparations containing inorganic active ingredients A61K33/02AmmoniaCompounds thereof A61K33/04Sulfur, selenium or telluriumCompounds thereof A61K33/06Aluminium, calcium or magnesiumCompounds thereof , e.g. clay A61K33/08OxidesHydroxides A61K33/10CarbonatesBicarbonates A61K33/12Magnesium silicate A61K33/14Alkali metal chloridesAlkaline earth metal chlorides A61K33/16Fluorine compounds A61K33/18IodineCompounds thereof A61K33/20Elemental chlorineInorganic compounds releasing chlorine A61K33/22Boron compounds A61K33/24Heavy metalsCompounds thereof A61K33/241LeadCompounds thereof A61K33/242GoldCompounds thereof A61K33/243PlatinumCompounds thereof A61K33/244LanthanidesCompounds thereof medicinal preparations containing radioactive lanthanides for use in therapy or testing in vivo A61K51/00 A61K33/245BismuthCompounds thereof A61K33/26IronCompounds thereof A61K33/28MercuryCompounds thereof A61K33/30ZincCompounds thereof A61K33/32ManganeseCompounds thereof A61K33/34CopperCompounds thereof A61K33/36ArsenicCompounds thereof A61K33/38SilverCompounds thereof A61K33/40Peroxides A61K33/42PhosphorusCompounds thereof A61K33/44Elemental carbon, e.g. charcoal, carbon black A61K35/00Medicinal preparations containing materials or reaction products thereof with undetermined constitutionIn this group, classification is made for each active component or material. For each active component or material, classification is then made in the last appropriate place.When classifying in this group, classification is also made in group B01D15/08 insofar as subject matter of general interest relating to chromatography is concerned. A61K35/02from inanimate materials carbon A61K33/44 A61K35/04TarsBitumensMineral oilsAmmonium bituminosulfonate A61K35/06Mineral oils, e.g. paraffinic oils or aromatic oils based on aromatic hydrocarbons A61K35/08Mineral watersSea water A61K35/10PeatAmberTurfHumus A61K2035/11Medicinal preparations comprising living procariotic cells A61K2035/115Probiotics A61K35/12Materials from mammalsCompositions comprising non-specified tissues or cellsCompositions comprising non-embryonic stem cellsGenetically modified cells vaccines or medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies A61K39/00If the cells are characterised, classification is made in the group covering the corresponding tissue or tissue of origin. A61K2035/122for inducing tolerance or supression of immune responses A61K2035/124the cells being hematopoietic, bone marrow derived or blood cells A61K2035/126Immunoprotecting barriers, e.g. jackets, diffusion chambers A61K2035/128capsules, e.g. microcapsules A61K35/13Tumour cells, irrespective of tissue of origin tumour vaccines A61K39/00 A61K35/14BloodArtificial blood perfluorocarbons A61K31/02; umbilical cord blood A61K35/51; haemoglobin A61K38/42 A61K35/15Cells of the myeloid line, e.g. granulocytes, basophils, eosinophils, neutrophils, leucocytes, monocytes, macrophages or mast cellsMyeloid precursor cellsAntigen-presenting cells, e.g. dendritic cells presenting a specific antigen A61K39/00; therapeutic combinations of antibodies, or fragments thereof, and blood-derived cells A61K39/00 A61K35/16Blood plasmaBlood serum umbilical cord blood A61K35/51 A61K35/17LymphocytesB-cellsT-cellsNatural killer cellsInterferon-activated or cytokine-activated lymphocytes when activated by a specific antigen A61K39/00 A61K35/18Erythrocytes haemoglobin A61K38/42 A61K35/19PlateletsMegacaryocytes A61K35/20MilkWheyColostrum A61K35/22UrineUrinary tract, e.g. kidney or bladderIntraglomerular mesangial cellsRenal mesenchymal cellsAdrenal gland A61K35/24MucusMucous glandsBursaSynovial fluidArthral fluidExcretaSpinal fluid saliva A61K35/38 A61K35/26LymphLymph nodesThymusSpleenSplenocytesThymocytes A61K35/28Bone marrowHaematopoietic stem cellsMesenchymal stem cells of any origin, e.g. adipose-derived stem cells A61K35/30NervesBrainEyesCorneal cellsCerebrospinal fluidNeuronal stem cellsNeuronal precursor cellsGlial cellsOligodendrocytesSchwann cellsAstrogliaAstrocytesChoroid plexusSpinal cord tissue A61K35/32BonesOsteocytesOsteoblastsTendonsTenocytesTeethOdontoblastsCartilageChondrocytesSynovial membrane A61K35/33Fibroblasts A61K35/34MusclesSmooth muscle cellsHeartCardiac stem cellsMyoblastsMyocytesCardiomyocytes vascular smooth muscle A61K35/44 A61K35/35Fat tissueAdipocytesStromal cellsConnective tissues adipose-derived stem cells A61K35/28; collagen A61K38/39 A61K35/36SkinHairNailsSebaceous glandsCerumenEpidermisEpithelial cellsKeratinocytesLangerhans cellsEctodermal cells islets of Langerhans A61K35/39 A61K35/37Digestive system A61K35/38StomachIntestineGoblet cellsOral mucosaSaliva A61K35/39PancreasIslets of Langerhans Langerhans cells of epidermis A61K35/36 A61K35/407LiverHepatocytes A61K35/413Gall bladderBile A61K35/42Respiratory system, e.g. lungs, bronchi or lung cells A61K35/44VesselsVascular smooth muscle cellsEndothelial cellsEndothelial progenitor cells A61K35/48Reproductive organs A61K35/50PlacentaPlacental stem cellsAmniotic fluidAmnionAmniotic stem cells A61K35/51Umbilical cordUmbilical cord bloodUmbilical stem cells A61K35/52SpermProstateSeminal fluidLeydig cells of testes A61K35/54OvariesOvaOvulesEmbryosFoetal cellsGerm cells A61K35/545Embryonic stem cellsPluripotent stem cellsInduced pluripotent stem cellsUncharacterised stem cells A61K35/55Glands not provided for in groups A61K35/22 - A61K35/545, e.g. thyroids, parathyroids or pineal glands A61K35/56Materials from animals other than mammals A61K35/57BirdsMaterials from birds, e.g. eggs, feathers, egg white, egg yolk or endothelium corneum gigeriae galli A61K35/58Reptiles antigens from snakes A61K39/38 A61K35/583SnakesLizards, e.g. chameleons therapeutic use of a snake venom protein A61K38/00 A61K35/586TurtlesTortoises, e.g. terrapins A61K35/60Fish, e.g. seahorsesFish eggs A61K35/612Crustaceans, e.g. crabs, lobsters, shrimps, krill or crayfishBarnacles A61K35/614Cnidaria, e.g. sea anemones, corals, coral animals or jellyfish A61K35/616Echinodermata, e.g. starfish, sea cucumbers or sea urchins A61K35/618Molluscs, e.g. fresh-water molluscs, oysters, clams, squids, octopus, cuttlefish, snails or slugs A61K35/62LeechesWorms, e.g. cestodes, tapeworms, nematodes, roundworms, earth worms, ascarids, filarias, hookworms, trichinella or taenia A61K35/63Arthropods aquatic crustaceans A61K35/612 A61K35/64Insects, e.g. bees, wasps or fleas A61K35/644BeeswaxPropolisRoyal jellyHoney A61K35/646Arachnids, e.g. spiders, scorpions, ticks or mites A61K35/648Myriapods, e.g. centipedes or millipedes A61K35/65Amphibians, e.g. toads, frogs, salamanders or newts A61K35/655Aquatic animals other than those covered by groups A61K35/57 - A61K35/65 A61K35/66Microorganisms or materials therefrom fungi, yeasts or candida A61K36/06 A61K35/68Protozoa, e.g. flagella, amoebas, sporozoans, plasmodium or toxoplasma A61K35/74Bacteria therapeutic use of a bacterial protein A61K38/00 A61K35/741Probiotics probiotic yeast, e.g. saccharomyces A61K36/06 A61K35/742Spore-forming bacteria, e.g. Bacillus coagulans, Bacillus subtilis, clostridium or Lactobacillus sporogenes A61K35/744Lactic acid bacteria, e.g. enterococci, pediococci, lactococci, streptococci or leuconostocs A61K35/745Bifidobacteria A61K35/747Lactobacilli, e.g. L. acidophilus or L. brevis A61K35/748Cyanobacteria, i.e. blue-green bacteria or blue-green algae, e.g. spirulina algae, microalgae or microphytes A61K36/02 A61K35/76VirusesSubviral particlesBacteriophages A61K35/761Adenovirus A61K35/763Herpes virus A61K35/765ReovirusRotavirus A61K35/766Rhabdovirus, e.g. vesicular stomatitis virus A61K35/768Oncolytic viruses not provided for in groups A61K35/761 - A61K35/766 A61K36/00Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines antigens from pollen A61K39/36In this group, common names of plants, where given, are presented in brackets following their corresponding Latin names. A61K36/02Algae A61K36/03Phaeophycota or phaeophyta (brown algae), e.g. Fucus A61K36/04Rhodophycota or rhodophyta (red algae), e.g. Porphyra A61K36/05Chlorophycota or chlorophyta (green algae), e.g. Chlorella A61K36/06Fungi, e.g. yeasts A61K36/062Ascomycota A61K36/064Saccharomycetales, e.g. baker's yeast A61K36/066Clavicipitaceae A61K36/068Cordyceps A61K36/07Basidiomycota, e.g. Cryptococcus A61K36/074Ganoderma A61K36/076Poria A61K36/09Lichens A61K36/10Bryophyta A61K36/11Pteridophyta or Filicophyta (ferns) A61K36/12Filicopsida or Pteridopsida A61K36/126Drynaria A61K36/13Coniferophyta (gymnosperms) A61K36/14Cupressaceae (Cypress family), e.g. juniper or cypress A61K36/15Pinaceae (Pine family), e.g. pine or cedar A61K36/16Ginkgophyta, e.g. Ginkgoaceae (Ginkgo family) A61K36/17Gnetophyta, e.g. Ephedraceae (Mormon-tea family) A61K36/18Magnoliophyta (angiosperms) A61K36/185Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons) A61K36/19Acanthaceae (Acanthus family) A61K36/195Strobilanthes A61K36/20Aceraceae (Maple family) A61K36/21Amaranthaceae (Amaranth family), e.g. pigweed, rockwort or globe amaranth A61K36/22Anacardiaceae (Sumac family), e.g. smoketree, sumac or poison oak A61K36/23Apiaceae or Umbelliferae (Carrot family), e.g. dill, chervil, coriander or cumin A61K36/232Angelica A61K36/233Bupleurum A61K36/234Cnidium (snowparsley) A61K36/235Foeniculum (fennel) A61K36/236Ligusticum (licorice-root) A61K36/237Notopterygium A61K36/238Saposhnikovia A61K36/24Apocynaceae (Dogbane family), e.g. plumeria or periwinkle A61K36/25Araliaceae (Ginseng family), e.g. ivy, aralia, schefflera or tetrapanax A61K36/254Acanthopanax or Eleutherococcus A61K36/258Panax (ginseng) A61K36/26Aristolochiaceae (Birthwort family), e.g. heartleaf A61K36/264Aristolochia (Dutchman's pipe) A61K36/268Asarum (wild ginger) A61K36/27Asclepiadaceae (Milkweed family), e.g. hoya A61K36/28Asteraceae or Compositae (Aster or Sunflower family), e.g. chamomile, feverfew, yarrow or echinacea A61K36/282Artemisia, e.g. wormwood or sagebrush A61K36/284Atractylodes A61K36/285Aucklandia A61K36/286Carthamus (distaff thistle) A61K36/287Chrysanthemum, e.g. daisy A61K36/288Taraxacum (dandelion) A61K36/289Vladimiria A61K36/29Berberidaceae (Barberry family), e.g. barberry, cohosh or mayapple A61K36/296Epimedium A61K36/30Boraginaceae (Borage family), e.g. comfrey, lungwort or forget-me-not A61K36/31Brassicaceae or Cruciferae (Mustard family), e.g. broccoli, cabbage or kohlrabi A61K36/315Isatis, e.g. Dyer's woad A61K36/32Burseraceae (Frankincense family) A61K36/324Boswellia, e.g. frankincense A61K36/328Commiphora, e.g. mecca myrrh or balm of Gilead A61K36/33Cactaceae (Cactus family), e.g. pricklypear or Cereus A61K36/34Campanulaceae (Bellflower family) A61K36/342Adenophora A61K36/344Codonopsis A61K36/346Platycodon A61K36/35Caprifoliaceae (Honeysuckle family) A61K36/355Lonicera (honeysuckle) A61K36/36Caryophyllaceae (Pink family), e.g. babysbreath or soapwort A61K36/37Celastraceae (Staff-tree or Bittersweet family), e.g. tripterygium or spindletree A61K36/38Clusiaceae, Hypericaceae or Guttiferae (Hypericum or Mangosteen family), e.g. common St. Johnswort A61K36/39Convolvulaceae (Morning-glory family), e.g. bindweed A61K36/40Cornaceae (Dogwood family) A61K36/41Crassulaceae (Stonecrop family) A61K36/42Cucurbitaceae (Cucumber family) A61K36/424Gynostemma A61K36/428Trichosanthes A61K36/43Cuscutaceae (Dodder family), e.g. Cuscuta epithymum or greater dodder A61K36/44Ebenaceae (Ebony family), e.g. persimmon A61K36/45Ericaceae or Vacciniaceae (Heath or Blueberry family), e.g. blueberry, cranberry or bilberry A61K36/46Eucommiaceae (Eucommia family), e.g. hardy rubber tree A61K36/47Euphorbiaceae (Spurge family), e.g. Ricinus (castorbean) A61K36/48Fabaceae or Leguminosae (Pea or Legume family)CaesalpiniaceaeMimosaceaePapilionaceae A61K36/481Astragalus (milkvetch) A61K36/482Cassia, e.g. golden shower tree A61K36/483Gleditsia (locust) A61K36/484Glycyrrhiza (licorice) A61K36/485Gueldenstaedtia A61K36/486Millettia A61K36/487Psoralea A61K36/488Pueraria (kudzu) A61K36/489Sophora, e.g. necklacepod or mamani A61K36/49Fagaceae (Beech family), e.g. oak or chestnut A61K36/50Fumariaceae (Fumitory family), e.g. bleeding heart A61K36/505Corydalis A61K36/51Gentianaceae (Gentian family) A61K36/515Gentiana A61K36/52Juglandaceae (Walnut family) A61K36/53Lamiaceae or Labiatae (Mint family), e.g. thyme, rosemary or lavender A61K36/532Agastache, e.g. giant hyssop A61K36/533Leonurus (motherwort) A61K36/534Mentha (mint) A61K36/535Perilla (beefsteak plant) A61K36/536Prunella or Brunella (selfheal) A61K36/537Salvia (sage) A61K36/538Schizonepeta A61K36/539Scutellaria (skullcap) A61K36/54Lauraceae (Laurel family), e.g. cinnamon or sassafras A61K36/55Linaceae (Flax family), e.g. Linum A61K36/56Loganiaceae (Logania family), e.g. trumpetflower or pinkroot A61K36/57Magnoliaceae (Magnolia family) A61K36/575Magnolia A61K36/58Meliaceae (Chinaberry or Mahogany family), e.g. Azadirachta (neem) A61K36/59Menispermaceae (Moonseed family), e.g. hyperbaena or coralbead A61K36/60Moraceae (Mulberry family), e.g. breadfruit or fig A61K36/605Morus (mulberry) A61K36/61Myrtaceae (Myrtle family), e.g. teatree or eucalyptus A61K36/62Nymphaeaceae (Water-lily family) A61K36/63Oleaceae (Olive family), e.g. jasmine, lilac or ash tree A61K36/634Forsythia A61K36/638Ligustrum, e.g. Chinese privet A61K36/64Orobanchaceae (Broom-rape family) A61K36/65Paeoniaceae (Peony family), e.g. Chinese peony A61K36/66Papaveraceae (Poppy family), e.g. bloodroot A61K36/67Piperaceae (Pepper family), e.g. Jamaican pepper or kava A61K36/68Plantaginaceae (Plantain Family) A61K36/69Polygalaceae (Milkwort family) A61K36/70Polygonaceae (Buckwheat family), e.g. spineflower or dock A61K36/704Polygonum, e.g. knotweed A61K36/708Rheum (rhubarb) A61K36/71Ranunculaceae (Buttercup family), e.g. larkspur, hepatica, hydrastis, columbine or goldenseal A61K36/714Aconitum (monkshood) A61K36/716Clematis (leather flower) A61K36/718Coptis (goldthread) A61K36/72Rhamnaceae (Buckthorn family), e.g. buckthorn, chewstick or umbrella-tree A61K36/725Ziziphus, e.g. jujube A61K36/73Rosaceae (Rose family), e.g. strawberry, chokeberry, blackberry, pear or firethorn A61K36/732Chaenomeles, e.g. flowering quince A61K36/734Crataegus (hawthorn) A61K36/736Prunus, e.g. plum, cherry, peach, apricot or almond A61K36/738Rosa (rose) A61K36/739Sanguisorba (burnet) A61K36/74Rubiaceae (Madder family) A61K36/744Gardenia A61K36/746Morinda A61K36/748Oldenlandia or Hedyotis A61K36/75Rutaceae (Rue family) A61K36/752Citrus, e.g. lime, orange or lemon A61K36/754Evodia A61K36/756Phellodendron, e.g. corktree A61K36/758Zanthoxylum, e.g. pricklyash A61K36/76Salicaceae (Willow family), e.g. poplar A61K36/77Sapindaceae (Soapberry family), e.g. lychee or soapberry A61K36/78Saururaceae (Lizard's-tail family) A61K36/79Schisandraceae (Schisandra family) A61K36/80Scrophulariaceae (Figwort family) A61K36/804Rehmannia A61K36/808Scrophularia (figwort) A61K36/81Solanaceae (Potato family), e.g. tobacco, nightshade, tomato, belladonna, capsicum or jimsonweed A61K36/815Lycium (desert-thorn) A61K36/82Theaceae (Tea family), e.g. camellia A61K36/83Thymelaeaceae (Mezereum family), e.g. leatherwood or false ohelo A61K36/835Aquilaria A61K36/84Valerianaceae (Valerian family), e.g. valerian A61K36/85Verbenaceae (Verbena family) A61K36/855Clerodendrum, e.g. glorybower A61K36/86Violaceae (Violet family) A61K36/87Vitaceae or Ampelidaceae (Vine or Grape family), e.g. wine grapes, muscadine or peppervine A61K36/88Liliopsida (monocotyledons) A61K36/882Acoraceae (Calamus family), e.g. sweetflag or Acorus calamus A61K36/884Alismataceae (Water-plantain family) A61K36/886Aloeaceae (Aloe family), e.g. aloe vera A61K36/888Araceae (Arum family), e.g. caladium, calla lily or skunk cabbage A61K36/8884Arisaema, e.g. Jack in the pulpit A61K36/8888Pinellia A61K36/889Arecaceae, Palmae or Palmaceae (Palm family), e.g. date or coconut palm or palmetto A61K36/8895Calamus, e.g. rattan A61K36/89Cyperaceae (Sedge family) A61K36/8905Cyperus (flatsedge) A61K36/894Dioscoreaceae (Yam family) A61K36/8945Dioscorea, e.g. yam, Chinese yam or water yam A61K36/896Liliaceae (Lily family), e.g. daylily, plantain lily, Hyacinth or narcissus A61K36/8962Allium, e.g. garden onion, leek, garlic or chives A61K36/8964Anemarrhena A61K36/8965Asparagus, e.g. garden asparagus or asparagus fern A61K36/8966Fritillaria, e.g. checker lily or mission bells A61K36/8967Lilium, e.g. tiger lily or Easter lily A61K36/8968Ophiopogon (Lilyturf) A61K36/8969Polygonatum (Solomon's seal) A61K36/898Orchidaceae (Orchid family) A61K36/8984Dendrobium A61K36/8988Gastrodia A61K36/899Poaceae or Gramineae (Grass family), e.g. bamboo, corn or sugar cane A61K36/8994Coix (Job's tears) A61K36/8998Hordeum (barley) A61K36/90Smilacaceae (Catbrier family), e.g. greenbrier or sarsaparilla A61K36/902Sparganiaceae (Bur-reed family) A61K36/904Stemonaceae (Stemona family), e.g. croomia A61K36/906Zingiberaceae (Ginger family) A61K36/9062Alpinia, e.g. red ginger or galangal A61K36/9064Amomum, e.g. round cardamom A61K36/9066Curcuma, e.g. common turmeric, East Indian arrowroot or mango ginger A61K36/9068Zingiber, e.g. garden ginger A61K38/00Medicinal preparations containing peptides peptides containing beta-lactam rings A61K31/00; cyclic dipeptides not having in their molecule any other peptide link than those which form their ring, e.g. piperazine-2,5-diones, A61K31/00; ergot alkaloids of the cyclic peptide type A61K31/48; containing macromolecular compounds having statistically distributed amino acid units A61K31/74; medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies A61K39/00; medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients, e.g. peptides as drug carriers, A61K47/00 The terms or expressions used in this group follow exactly the definitions given in Note (1) following the title of subclass C07K. Preparations containing fragments of peptides or peptides modified by removal or addition of amino acids, by substitution of amino acids by others, or by combination of these modifications are classified as the preparations containing parent peptides. However, preparations containing fragments of peptides having only four or less amino acids are also classified in groups A61K38/05 - A61K38/07. Preparations containing peptides prepared by recombinant DNA technology are not classified according to the host, but according to the original peptide expressed, e.g. preparations containing HIV peptide expressed in E. coli are classified with the preparations containing HIV peptides.This group covers also medicinal preparation containing DNA or RNA encoding for peptides as active ingredient. Documents relating to new peptides, e.g. enzymes, or new DNA or RNA encoding for peptides and their use in medicinal preparations are classified in subclass C07K or in group C12N9/00 according to the peptides, with the appropriate indexing codes relating to their medical uses. A61K38/005Enzyme inhibitors protease inhibitors A61K38/55 A61K38/01Hydrolysed proteinsDerivatives thereof A61K38/011from plants A61K38/012from animals A61K38/014from connective tissue peptides, e.g. gelatin, collagen A61K38/015from keratin A61K38/017from blood A61K38/018from milk A61K38/02Peptides of undefined number of amino acidsDerivatives thereof A61K38/03Peptides having up to 20 amino acids in an undefined or only partially defined sequenceDerivatives thereof A61K38/04Peptides having up to 20 amino acids in a fully defined sequenceDerivatives thereof enzyme inhibitors A61K38/005; gastrins A61K38/2207 somatostatins A61K38/31, melanotropins A61K38/34; protease inhibitors A61K38/55 A61K38/043Kallidins; Bradykinins; Related peptides A61K38/046Tachykinins, e.g. eledoisins, substance P; Related peptides A61K38/05Dipeptides A61K38/06Tripeptides A61K38/063Glutathione A61K38/066TRH, thyroliberin, thyrotropin releasing hormone A61K38/07Tetrapeptides A61K38/08Peptides having 5 to 11 amino acids A61K38/043 - A61K38/046 take precedence A61K38/085Angiotensins A61K38/09Luteinising hormone-releasing hormone [LHRH] , i.e. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone [GnRH]Related peptides A61K38/095OxytocinsVasopressinsRelated peptides A61K38/10Peptides having 12 to 20 amino acids A61K38/043 - A61K38/046 take precedence A61K38/105Bombesin; Related peptides A61K38/12Cyclic peptides , e.g. bacitracins; Polymyxins; Gramicidins S, C; Tyrocidins A, B or C A61K38/043 - A61K38/046 take precedence A61K38/13Cyclosporins A61K38/14Peptides containing saccharide radicalsDerivatives thereof , e.g. bleomycin, phleomycin, muramylpeptides or vancomycin A61K38/15DepsipeptidesDerivatives thereof A61K38/16Peptides having more than 20 amino acidsGastrinsSomatostatinsMelanotropinsDerivatives thereof enzyme inhibitors A61K38/005 A61K38/162from virus A61K38/164from bacteria A61K38/166Streptokinase A61K38/168from plants A61K38/17from animalsfrom humans enzyme inhibitors A61K38/005 A61K38/1703from vertebrates A61K38/1706from fish A61K38/1709from mammals A61K38/1716Amyloid plaque core protein A61K38/1719Muscle proteins, e.g. myosin or actin A61K38/1722Plasma globulins, lactoglobulins A61K38/1725Complement proteins, e.g. anaphylatoxin, C3a or C5a A61K38/1729Cationic antimicrobial peptides, e.g. defensins A61K38/1732Lectins A61K38/1735Mucins, e.g. human intestinal mucin A61K38/1738Calcium binding proteins, e.g. calmodulin A61K38/1741alpha-Glycoproteins A61K38/1745C-reactive proteins A61K38/1748Keratin; Cytokeratin A61K38/1751Bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein [BPI] A61K38/1754Insulin-like growth factor binding proteins A61K38/1758p53 A61K38/1761Apoptosis related proteins, e.g. Apoptotic protease-activating factor-1 (APAF-1), Bax, Bax-inhibitory protein(s)(BI; bax-I), Myeloid cell leukemia associated protein (MCL-1), Inhibitor of apoptosis [IAP] or Bcl-2 A61K38/1767from invertebrates A61K38/177Receptors; Cell surface antigens; Cell surface determinants A61K38/1774Immunoglobulin superfamily (e.g. CD2, CD4, CD8, ICAM molecules, B7 molecules, Fc-receptors, MHC-molecules) A61K38/1777Integrin superfamily A61K38/178Lectin superfamily, e.g. selectins A61K38/1783Nuclear receptors, e.g. retinoic acid receptor [RAR], RXR, nuclear orphan receptors A61K38/1787for neuromediators, e.g. serotonin receptor, dopamine receptor A61K38/179for growth factors; for growth regulators A61K38/1793for cytokines; for lymphokines; for interferons A61K38/1796for hormones for neuromediators A61K38/1787 A61K38/18Growth factorsGrowth regulators A61K38/1808Epidermal growth factor [EGF] urogastrone A61K38/1816Erythropoietin [EPO] A61K38/1825Fibroblast growth factor [FGF] A61K38/1833Hepatocyte growth factor; Scatter factor; Tumor cytotoxic factor II A61K38/1841Transforming growth factor [TGF] A61K38/185Nerve growth factor [NGF]; Brain derived neurotrophic factor [BDNF]; Ciliary neurotrophic factor [CNTF]; Glial derived neurotrophic factor [GDNF]; Neurotrophins, e.g. NT-3 A61K38/1858Platelet-derived growth factor [PDGF] A61K38/1866Vascular endothelial growth factor [VEGF] A61K38/1875Bone morphogenic factor; Osteogenins; Osteogenic factor; Bone-inducing factor A61K38/1883Neuregulins, e.g.. p185erbB2 ligands, glial growth factor, heregulin, ARIA, neu differentiation factor A61K38/1891Angiogenesic factors; Angiogenin A61K38/19CytokinesLymphokinesInterferons A61K38/191Tumor necrosis factors [TNF], e.g. lymphotoxin [LT], i.e. TNF-beta A61K38/193Colony stimulating factors [CSF] A61K38/195Chemokines, e.g. RANTES A61K38/196Thrombopoietin A61K38/20Interleukins [IL] A61K38/2006IL-1 A61K38/2013IL-2 A61K38/202IL-3 A61K38/2026IL-4 A61K38/2033IL-5 A61K38/204IL-6 A61K38/2046IL-7 A61K38/2053IL-8 A61K38/206IL-9 A61K38/2066IL-10 A61K38/2073IL-11 A61K38/208IL-12 A61K38/2086IL-13 to IL-16 A61K38/2093Leukaemia inhibitory factor [LIF] A61K38/21Interferons [IFN] A61K38/212IFN-alpha A61K38/215IFN-beta A61K38/217IFN-gamma A61K38/22Hormones derived from pro-opiomelanocortin, pro-enkephalin or pro-dynorphin A61K38/33, e.g. corticotropin A61K38/35 A61K38/2207Gastrins; Cholecystokinins [CCK] A61K38/2214Motilins A61K38/2221Relaxins A61K38/2228Corticotropin releasing factor [CRF] (Urotensin) A61K38/2235Secretins A61K38/2242Atrial natriuretic factor complex: Atriopeptins, atrial natriuretic protein [ANP]; Cardionatrin, Cardiodilatin A61K38/225Calcitonin gene related peptide A61K38/2257Prolactin A61K38/2264Obesity-gene products, e.g. leptin A61K38/2271Neuropeptide Y A61K38/2278Vasoactive intestinal peptide [VIP]; Related peptides (e.g. Exendin) A61K38/2285Endothelin, vasoactive intestinal contractor [VIC] A61K38/2292Thymosin; Related peptides A61K38/23Calcitonins A61K38/24Follicle-stimulating hormone [FSH]Chorionic gonadotropins, e.g. HCGLuteinising hormone [LH]Thyroid-stimulating hormone [TSH] A61K38/25Growth hormone-releasing factor [GH-RF] (Somatoliberin) A61K38/26Glucagons A61K38/27Growth hormone [GH] (Somatotropin) A61K38/28Insulins A61K38/29Parathyroid hormone (parathormone)Parathyroid hormone-related peptides A61K38/30Insulin-like growth factors (Somatomedins), e.g. IGF-1, IGF-2 insulin-like growth factor binding protein A61K38/1754 A61K38/31Somatostatins A61K38/32Thymopoietins A61K38/33derived from pro-opiomelanocortin, pro-enkephalin or pro-dynorphin A61K38/34Melanocyte stimulating hormone [MSH], e.g. alpha- or beta-melanotropin A61K38/35Corticotropin [ACTH] A61K38/36Blood coagulation or fibrinolysis factors A61K38/363Fibrinogen A61K38/366Thrombomodulin A61K38/37Factors VIII A61K38/38Albumins A61K38/385Serum albumin A61K38/39Connective tissue peptides, e.g. collagen, elastin, laminin, fibronectin, vitronectin, cold insoluble globulin [CIG] A61K38/395Alveolar surfactant peptides; Pulmonary surfactant peptides A61K38/40Transferrins, e.g. lactoferrins, ovotransferrins A61K38/41Porphyrin- or corrin-ring-containing peptides A61K38/415Cytochromes A61K38/42HaemoglobinsMyoglobins A61K38/43EnzymesProenzymesDerivatives thereof In this group, proenzymes are classified with the corresponding enzymes; enzymes are generally categorised according to the "Nomenclature and Classification of Enzymes" of the International Commission of Enzymes. Where appropriate, this designation appears in the subgroups below in parenthesis. the specific enzyme(s) used are additionally classified in C12Y. A61K38/44Oxidoreductases (1) A61K38/443acting on CH-OH groups as donors, e.g. glucose oxidase, lactate dehydrogenase (1.1) A61K38/446Superoxide dismutase (1.15) A61K38/45Transferases (2) A61K38/46Hydrolases (3) A61K38/465acting on ester bonds (3.1), e.g. lipases, ribonucleases A61K38/47acting on glycosyl compounds (3.2), e.g. cellulases, lactases A61K38/48acting on peptide bonds (3.4) A61K38/4806from animals other than mammals, e.g. snakes A61K38/4813Exopeptidases (3.4.11. to 3.4.19) A61K38/482Serine endopeptidases (3.4.21) A61K38/4826Trypsin (3.4.21.4) Chymotrypsin (3.4.21.1) A61K38/4833Thrombin (3.4.21.5) A61K38/484Plasmin (3.4.21.7) A61K38/4846Factor VII (3.4.21.21); Factor IX (3.4.21.22); Factor Xa (3.4.21.6); Factor XI (3.4.21.27); Factor XII (3.4.21.38) A61K38/4853Kallikrein (3.4.21.34 or 3.4.21.35) A61K38/486Elastase (3.4.21.36 or 3.4.21.37) A61K38/4866Protein C (3.4.21.69) A61K38/4873Cysteine endopeptidases (3.4.22), e.g. stem bromelain, papain, ficin, cathepsin H A61K38/488Aspartic endopeptidases (3.4.23), e.g. pepsin, chymosin, renin, cathepsin E A61K38/4886Metalloendopeptidases (3.4.24), e.g. collagenase A61K38/4893Botulinum neurotoxin (3.4.24.69) A61K38/49UrokinaseTissue plasminogen activator A61K38/50acting on carbon-nitrogen bonds, other than peptide bonds (3.5), e.g. asparaginase A61K38/51Lyases (4) A61K38/52Isomerases (5) A61K38/53Ligases (6) A61K38/54Mixtures of enzymes or proenzymes covered by more than a single one of groups A61K38/44 - A61K38/46 or A61K38/51 - A61K38/53 A61K38/55Protease inhibitors A61K38/553Renin inhibitors A61K38/556Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors A61K38/56from plants A61K38/57from animalsfrom humans A61K38/553, A61K38/556 take precedence A61K38/58from leeches, e.g. hirudin, eglin A61K39/00Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies materials for immunoassay G01N33/53 Groups A61K39/002 - A61K39/295 cover preparations containing protozoa, bacteria, viruses, or subunits thereof, e.g. membrane parts. Preparation of antigen or antibody compositions is also classified in subclass C12N, if the step of cultivating the microorganism is of interest. Documents relating to new peptides, e.g. enzymes, or new DNA or RNA encoding for peptides and their use in medicinal preparations are classified in subclass C07K or in group C12N9/00 according to the peptides, with the appropriate indexing codes relating to their medical uses. Documents relating to antibodies or DNA or RNA encoding for antibodies and their use in medicinal preparations are classified in group C07K16/00 or in group C12N9/0002 according to the antibodies, with the appropriate indexing codes relating to their medical uses. Documents relating to new therapeutical uses of antibodies or DNA or RNA encoding for antibodies are classified in group C07K16/00 or in group C12N9/0002 according to the antibodies, with the appropriate indexing codes relating to their medical uses. Documents relating to medicinal preparations containing different antibodies as active ingredients are classified in group C07K16/00 according to the different active antibodies, with the appropriate indexing codes relating to their medical uses. However, documents relating to medicinal preparations containing antibodies and other compounds as active ingredients are classified in groups A61K39/395 - A61K39/42, in association with symbol A61K2300/00 in Combination Sets. A61K39/0001Archaeal antigens A61K39/0002Fungal antigens, e.g. Trichophyton, Aspergillus, Candida A61K39/0003Invertebrate antigens A61K39/0005Vertebrate antigens from snakes A61K39/38 A61K39/0006Contraceptive vaccins; Vaccines against sex hormones A61K39/0007Nervous system antigens; Prions A61K39/0008Antigens related to auto-immune diseases; Preparations to induce self-tolerance A61K39/001Preparations to induce tolerance to non-self, e.g. prior to transplantation A61K39/0011Cancer antigens A61K39/001102Receptors, cell surface antigens or cell surface determinants A61K39/001103Receptors for growth factors A61K39/001104Epidermal growth factor receptors [EGFR] A61K39/001106Her-2/neu/ErbB2, Her-3/ErbB3, Her 4/ErbB4 A61K39/001107Fibroblast growth factor receptors [FGFR] A61K39/001108Platelet-derived growth factor receptors [PDGFR] A61K39/001109[Vascular endothelial growth factor receptors [VEGFR] A61K39/00111Hepatocyte growth factor receptor [HGFR or c-met] A61K39/001111Immunoglobulin superfamily A61K39/001112CD19, B4 A61K39/001113CD22, BL-CAM, siglec-2, sialic acid- binding Ig-related lectin 2 A61K39/001114CD74, Ii, MHC class II invariant chain, MHC class II gamma chain A61K39/001116Receptors for cytokines A61K39/001117Receptors for tumor necrosis factors [TNF], e.g. lymphotoxin receptor [LTR], CD30 A61K39/001118Receptors for colony stimulating factors [CSF] A61K39/001119Receptors for interleukins [IL] A61K39/00112Receptors for interferons [IFN] A61K39/001121Receptors for chemokines A61K39/001122Ephrin Receptors [Eph] A61K39/001124CD20 A61K39/001126CD38 not IgG A61K39/001128CD44 not IgG A61K39/001129Molecules with a "CD" designation not provided for elsewhere A61K39/00113Growth factors A61K39/001131Epidermal growth factor [EGF] A61K39/001132Fibroblast growth factors [FGF] A61K39/001133Platelet-derived growth factor [PDGF] A61K39/001134Transforming growth factor [TGF] A61K39/001135Vascular endothelial growth factor [VEGF] A61K39/001136Cytokines A61K39/001138Tumor necrosis factors [TNF], CD70 A61K39/001139Colony stimulating factors [CSF] A61K39/00114Interleukins [IL] A61K39/001141Interferons [IFN] A61K39/001142Chemokines A61K39/001144Hormones, e.g. calcitonin A61K39/001148Regulators of development A61K39/001149Cell cycle regulated proteins, e.g. cyclin, CDC, CDK, INK-CCR A61K39/00115Apoptosis related proteins, e.g. survivin, livin A61K39/001151p53 A61K39/001152Transcription factors, e.g. SOX, c-MYC A61K39/001153Wilms tumor 1 [WT1] A61K39/001154Enzymes A61K39/001156Tyrosinase and tyrosinase related proteinases [TRP-1, TRP-2] A61K39/001157Telomerase, TERT [telomerase reverse transcriptase] A61K39/001158Proteinases A61K39/001159Matrix metalloproteinases [MMP] A61K39/00116Serine proteases, e.g. kallikrein A61K39/001161Caspases A61K39/001162Kinases, e.g. Raf, Src A61K39/001163Phosphatases A61K39/001164GTPases, e.g. Ras, Rho A61K39/001166Adhesion molecules, e.g. NRCAM, EpCAM, cadherins A61K39/001168Mesothelin [MSLN] A61K39/001169Tumor associated carbohydrates A61K39/00117Mucins, e.g. MUC-1 A61K39/001171Gangliosides, e.g. GM2, GD2, GD3 A61K39/001172sialyl Thomson-nouvelle antigen [sTN] A61K39/001173Globo-H A61K39/001174Proteoglycans, e.g. glypican, brevican, CSPG4 A61K39/001176Heat shock proteins A61K39/001178Tumor rejection antigen precursor [TRAP] A61K39/00118from embryonic or fetal origin A61K39/001181Alpha-feto protein A61K39/001182Carcinoembryonic antigen [CEA] A61K39/001184Cancer testis antigens, e.g. SSX, BAGE, GAGE, SAGE A61K39/001186MAGE A61K39/001188NY-ESO A61K39/001189PRAME A61K39/00119Melanoma antigens A61K39/001191Melan-A/MART A61K39/001192Glycoprotein 100 [Gp100] A61K39/001193Prostate associated antigens e.g. Prostate stem cell antigen [PSCA]; Prostate carcinoma tumor antigen [PCTA]; PAP, PSGR A61K39/001194Prostate specific antigen [PSA] A61K39/001195Prostate specific membrane antigen [PSMA] A61K39/001196Fusion proteins originating from gene translocation in cancer cells A61K39/001197Breakpoint cluster region-abelson tyrosine kinase [BCR-ABL] A61K39/001198Pml-RARalpha A61K39/0012Lipids; Lipoproteins A61K39/0013Therapeutic immunisation against small organic molecules, e.g. cocaine, nicotine A61K39/0015Combination vaccines based on measles-mumps-rubella A61K39/0016Combination vaccines based on diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis A61K39/0017Combination vaccines based on whole cell diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis A61K39/0018Combination vaccines based on acellular diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis A61K39/002Protozoa antigens A61K39/005Trypanosoma antigens A61K39/008Leishmania antigens A61K39/012Coccidia antigens A61K39/015Hemosporidia antigens, e.g. Plasmodium antigens A61K39/018Babesia antigens, e.g. Theileria antigens A61K39/02Bacterial antigens A61K39/0208Specific bacteria not otherwise provided for A61K39/0216Bacteriodetes, e.g. Bacteroides, Ornithobacter, Porphyromonas A61K39/0225Spirochetes, e.g. Treponema, Leptospira, Borrelia A61K39/0233Rickettsiales, e.g. Anaplasma A61K39/0241Mollicutes, e.g. Mycoplasma, Erysipelothrix A61K39/025Enterobacteriales, e.g. Enterobacter A61K39/0258Escherichia A61K39/0266Klebsiella A61K39/0275Salmonella A61K39/0283Shigella A61K39/0291Yersinia A61K39/04Mycobacterium, e.g. Mycobacterium tuberculosis A61K39/05Actinobacteria, e.g. Actinomyces, Streptomyces, Nocardia, Bifidobacterium, Gardnerella, CorynebacteriumPropionibacterium Mycobacterium A61K39/04 A61K39/07Bacillus A61K39/08Clostridium, e.g. Clostridium tetani A61K39/085Staphylococcus A61K39/09Lactobacillales, e.g. aerococcus, enterococcus, lactobacillus, lactococcus, streptococcus A61K39/092Streptococcus A61K39/095Neisseria A61K39/098Brucella A61K39/099Bordetella A61K2039/10Brucella; Bordetella, e.g. Bordetella pertussis; Not used, see subgroups A61K39/102Pasteurellales, e.g. Actinobacillus, PasteurellaHaemophilus A61K39/104Pseudomonadales, e.g. Pseudomonas A61K39/1045Moraxella A61K39/105Delta proteobacteriales, e.g. Lawsonia; Epsilon proteobacteriales, e.g. campylobacter, helicobacter A61K2039/106Vibrio; Campylobacter; Not used, see subgroups A61K39/107Vibrio A61K39/114Fusobacterium A61K39/116Polyvalent bacterial antigens A61K39/118Chlamydiaceae, e.g. Chlamydia trachomatis or Chlamydia psittaci A61K39/12Viral antigens A61K39/125Picornaviridae, e.g. calicivirus A61K39/13Poliovirus A61K39/135Foot- and mouth-disease virus A61K39/145Orthomyxoviridae, e.g. influenza virus A61K39/15Reoviridae, e.g. calf diarrhea virus A61K39/155Paramyxoviridae, e.g. parainfluenza virus A61K39/165Mumps or measles virus A61K39/17Newcastle disease virus A61K39/175Canine distemper virus A61K39/187Hog cholera virus A61K39/193Equine encephalomyelitis virus A61K39/20Rubella virus A61K39/205Rhabdoviridae, e.g. rabies virus A61K39/21Retroviridae, e.g. equine infectious anemia virus A61K39/215Coronaviridae, e.g. avian infectious bronchitis virus A61K39/225Porcine transmissible gastroenteritis virus A61K39/23Parvoviridae, e.g. feline panleukopenia virus A61K39/235Adenoviridae A61K39/245Herpetoviridae, e.g. herpes simplex virus A61K39/25Varicella-zoster virus A61K39/255Marek's disease virus A61K39/265Infectious rhinotracheitis virus A61K39/27Equine rhinopneumonitis virus A61K39/275Poxviridae, e.g. avipoxvirus A61K39/285Vaccinia virus or variola virus A61K39/29Hepatitis virus A61K39/292Serum hepatitis virus, hepatitis B virus, e.g. Australia antigen A61K39/295Polyvalent viral antigens vaccinia virus or variola virus A61K39/285Mixtures of viral and bacterial antigens A61K39/35Allergens A61K39/36from pollen A61K39/38Antigens from snakes A61K39/385Haptens or antigens, bound to carriers A61K39/39characterised by the immunostimulating additives, e.g. chemical adjuvants A61K39/395Antibodies agglutinins A61K38/36 ; as drug carriers A61K47/50ImmunoglobulinsImmune serum, e.g. antilymphocytic serum A61K39/39508from milk, i.e. lactoglobulins A61K39/39516from serum, plasma A61K39/39525Purification A61K39/39533against materials from animals A61K39/39541against normal tissues, cells A61K39/3955against proteinaceous materials, e.g. enzymes, hormones, lymphokines A61K39/39558against tumor tissues, cells, antigens A61K39/39566against immunoglobulins, e.g. anti-idiotypic antibodies A61K39/39575against materials from other living beings excluding bacteria and viruses, e.g. protozoa, fungi, plants A61K39/39583against materials not provided for elsewhere, e.g. haptens, coenzymes A61K39/39591Stabilisation, fragmentation A61K39/40bacterial A61K39/42viral A61K39/44Antibodies bound to carriers A61K2039/505comprising antibodies A61K2039/507Comprising a combination of two or more separate antibodies A61K2039/51comprising whole cells, viruses or DNA/RNA A61K2039/515Animal cells A61K2039/5152Tumor cells A61K2039/5154Antigen presenting cells [APCs], e.g. dendritic cells, macrophages A61K2039/5156expressing foreign proteins A61K2039/5158Antigen-pulsed cells, e.g. T-cells A61K2039/517Plant cells A61K2039/52Bacterial cells; Fungal cells; Protozoal cells A61K2039/521inactivated (killed) A61K2039/522avirulent or attenuated A61K2039/523expressing foreign proteins A61K2039/525Virus A61K2039/5252inactivated (killed) A61K2039/5254avirulent or attenuated A61K2039/5256expressing foreign proteins A61K2039/5258Virus-like particles A61K2039/53DNA (RNA) vaccination A61K2039/54characterised by the route of administration A61K2039/541Mucosal route A61K2039/542oral/gastrointestinal A61K2039/543intranasal A61K2039/544to the airways intranasal A61K2039/543 A61K2039/545characterised by the dose, timing or administration schedule A61K2039/55characterised by the host/recipient, e.g. newborn with maternal antibodies A61K2039/552Veterinary vaccine A61K2039/555characterised by a specific combination antigen/adjuvant A61K2039/55505Inorganic adjuvants A61K2039/55511Organic adjuvants A61K2039/55516Proteins; Peptides A61K2039/55522Cytokines; Lymphokines; Interferons A61K2039/55527Interleukins A61K2039/55533IL-2 A61K2039/55538IL-12 A61K2039/55544Bacterial toxins A61K2039/5555Muramyl dipeptides A61K2039/55555Liposomes; Vesicles, e.g. nanoparticles; Spheres, e.g. nanospheres; Polymers A61K2039/55561CpG containing adjuvants; Oligonucleotide containing adjuvants A61K2039/55566Emulsions, e.g. Freund's adjuvant, MF59 A61K2039/55572Lipopolysaccharides; Lipid A; Monophosphoryl lipid A A61K2039/55577Saponins; Quil A; QS21; ISCOMS A61K2039/55583Polysaccharides A61K2039/55588Adjuvants of undefined constitution A61K2039/55594from bacteria A61K2039/57characterised by the type of response, e.g. Th1, Th2 A61K2039/572cytotoxic response A61K2039/575humoral response A61K2039/577tolerising response A61K2039/58raising an immune response against a target which is not the antigen used for immunisation A61K2039/585wherein the target is cancer A61K2039/60characteristics by the carrier linked to the antigen A61K2039/6006Cells recombinantly expressing antigens A61K2039/5156, A61K2039/523 A61K2039/6012Haptens, e.g. di- or trinitrophenyl (DNP, TNP) A61K2039/6018Lipids, e.g. in lipopeptides A61K2039/6025Nucleotides A61K2039/6031Proteins A61K2039/6037Bacterial toxins, e.g. diphteria toxoid [DT], tetanus toxoid [TT] A61K2039/6043Heat shock proteins A61K2039/605MHC molecules or ligands thereof A61K2039/6056Antibodies A61K2039/6062Muramyl peptides A61K2039/6068Other bacterial proteins, e.g. OMP A61K2039/6075Viral proteins A61K2039/6081Albumin; Keyhole limpet haemocyanin [KLH] A61K2039/6087Polysaccharides; Lipopolysaccharides [LPS] A61K2039/6093Synthetic polymers, e.g. polyethyleneglycol [PEG], Polymers or copolymers of (D) glutamate and (D) lysine A61K2039/62characterised by the link between antigen and carrier A61K2039/622non-covalent binding A61K2039/625binding through the biotin-streptavidin system or similar A61K2039/627characterised by the linker A61K2039/64characterised by the architecture of the carrier-antigen complex, e.g. repetition of carrier-antigen units A61K2039/645Dendrimers; Multiple antigen peptides A61K2039/70Multivalent vaccine A61K2039/80Vaccine for a specifically defined cancer A61K2039/804Blood cells [leukemia, lymphoma] A61K2039/812Breast A61K2039/82Colon A61K2039/828Stomach A61K2039/836Intestine A61K2039/844Liver A61K2039/852Pancreas A61K2039/86Lung A61K2039/868kidney A61K2039/876Skin, melanoma A61K2039/884prostate A61K2039/892Reproductive system [uterus, ovaries, cervix, testes] A61K41/00Medicinal preparations obtained by treating materials with wave energy or particle radiation ; Therapies using these preparations A61K41/0004Homeopathy; Vitalisation; Resonance; Dynamisation, e.g. esoteric applications; Oxygenation of blood A61K41/0023Agression treatment or alteringThis groups covers aggression treatment or altering of a medicinal preparation prior to administration to the human/animal, e.g. altering a binding specificity of a monoclonal antibody used in a medicinal agent with an oxidizing agent or an electric potential; of a tissue/organ prior to graft, e.g. destroying immunodominant epitopes; the permeability of cell membranes or biological barriers in vivo, e.g. by ultrasound, prior to the administration of a medicinal preparation to the animal/human; for inducing the production of stress response proteins or heat shock proteins in order to reduce subsequent response to injuries A61K41/0028Disruption, e.g. by heat or ultrasounds, sonophysical or sonochemical activation, e.g. thermosensitive or heat-sensitive liposomes, disruption of calculi with a medicinal preparation and ultrasounds A61K41/0033Sonodynamic cancer therapy with sonochemically active agents or sonosensitizers, having their cytotoxic effects enhanced through application of ultrasounds ultrasound therapy per se A61N7/00 A61K41/0038Radiosensitizing, i.e. administration of pharmaceutical agents that enhance the effect of radiotherapy radiotherapy per se A61N5/10 A61K41/0042Photocleavage of drugs in vivo, e.g. cleavage of photolabile linkers in vivo by UV radiation for releasing the pharmacologically-active agent from the administered agent; photothrombosis or photoocclusion A61K41/0047Sonopheresis, i.e. ultrasonically-enhanced transdermal delivery, electroporation of a pharmacologically active agent To be classified in A61K9/0009 when it is in relation to the galenic form A61K41/0052Thermotherapy; Hyperthermia; Magnetic induction; Induction heating therapy A61K41/0057Photodynamic therapy with a photosensitizer, i.e. agent able to produce reactive oxygen species upon exposure to light or radiation, e.g. UV or visible light; photocleavage of nucleic acids with an agent A61K41/00615-aminolevulinic acid-based PDT: 5-ALA-PDT involving porphyrins or precursors of protoporphyrins generated in vivo from 5-ALA A61K41/0066Psoralene-activated UV-A photochemotherapy (PUVA-therapy), e.g. for treatment of psoriasis or eczema, extracorporeal photopheresis with psoralens or fucocoumarins A61K41/0071PDT with porphyrins having exactly 20 ring atoms, i.e. based on the non-expanded tetrapyrrolic ring system, e.g. bacteriochlorin, chlorin-e6, or phthalocyanines A61K41/0076PDT with expanded (metallo)porphyrins, i.e. having more than 20 ring atoms, e.g. texaphyrins, sapphyrins, hexaphyrins, pentaphyrins, porphocyanines A61K41/008Two-Photon or Multi-Photon PDT, e.g. with upconverting dyes or photosensitisers A61K41/0085Mossbauer effect therapy based on mossbauer effect of a material, i.e. re-emission of gamma rays after absorption of gamma rays by the material; selective radiation therapy, i.e. involving re-emission of ionizing radiation upon exposure to a first ionizing radiation A61K41/009Neutron capture therapy, e.g. using uranium or non-boron material A61K41/0095Boron neutron capture therapy, i.e. BNCT, e.g. using boronated porphyrins A61K41/10Inactivation or decontamination of a medicinal preparation prior to administration to an animal or a person A61K41/13by ultrasonic waves A61K41/17by ultraviolet [UV] or infrared [IR] light, X-rays or gamma rays A61K45/00Medicinal preparations containing active ingredients not provided for in groups A61K31/00 - A61K41/00 A61K45/05Immunological preparations stimulating the reticulo-endothelial system, e.g. against cancer A61K45/06Mixtures of active ingredients without chemical characterisation, e.g. antiphlogistics and cardiaca A61K47/00Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additivesTargeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient A61K47/02Inorganic compounds A61K47/06Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite A61K47/08containing oxygen, e.g. ethers, acetals, ketones, quinones, aldehydes, peroxides A61K47/10AlcoholsPhenolsSalts thereof, e.g. glycerolPolyethylene glycols [PEG]PoloxamersPEG/POE alkyl ethers A61K47/12Carboxylic acidsSalts or anhydrides thereof A61K47/14Esters of carboxylic acids, e.g. fatty acid monoglycerides, medium-chain triglycerides, parabens or PEG fatty acid esters A61K47/16containing nitrogen, e.g. nitro-, nitroso-, azo-compounds, nitriles, cyanates A61K47/18AminesAmidesUreasQuaternary ammonium compoundsAmino acidsOligopeptides having up to five amino acids A61K47/183Amino acids, e.g. glycine, EDTA or aspartame A61K47/186Quaternary ammonium compounds, e.g. benzalkonium chloride or cetrimide A61K47/20containing sulfur, e.g. dimethyl sulfoxide [DMSO], docusate, sodium lauryl sulfate or aminosulfonic acids A61K47/22Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. ascorbic acid, tocopherol or pyrrolidones A61K47/24containing atoms other than carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, halogen, nitrogen or sulfur, e.g. cyclomethicone or phospholipids A61K47/26Carbohydrates, e.g. sugar alcohols, amino sugars, nucleic acids, mono-, di- or oligo-saccharidesDerivatives thereof, e.g. polysorbates, sorbitan fatty acid esters or glycyrrhizin A61K47/28Steroids, e.g. cholesterol, bile acids or glycyrrhetinic acid A61K47/30Macromolecular organic or inorganic compounds, e.g. inorganic polyphosphates A61K47/32Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. carbomers , poly(meth)acrylates, or polyvinyl pyrrolidone A61K47/34Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polyesters, polyamino acids, polysiloxanes, polyphosphazines, copolymers of polyalkylene glycol or poloxamers A61K47/10 takes precedence A61K47/36PolysaccharidesDerivatives thereof, e.g. gums, starch, alginate, dextrin, hyaluronic acid, chitosan, inulin, agar or pectin A61K47/38CelluloseDerivatives thereof A61K47/40CyclodextrinsDerivatives thereof A61K47/42ProteinsPolypeptidesDegradation products thereofDerivatives thereof, e.g. albumin, gelatin or zein oligopeptides having up to five amino acids A61K47/183; polyamino acids A61K47/34 A61K47/44Oils, fats or waxes according to two or more groups of A61K47/02-A61K47/42Natural or modified natural oils, fats or waxes, e.g. castor oil, polyethoxylated castor oil, montan wax, lignite, shellac, rosin, beeswax or lanolin synthetic glycerides, e.g. medium-chain triglycerides, A61K47/14 A61K47/46Ingredients of undetermined constitution or reaction products thereof, e.g. skin, bone, milk, cotton fibre, eggshell, oxgall or plant extracts A61K47/50the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates A61K47/51the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent A61K47/52the modifying agent being an inorganic compound, e.g. an inorganic ion that is complexed with the active ingredient A61K47/54the modifying agent being an organic compound A61K47/541Organic ions forming an ion pair complex with the pharmacologically or therapeutically active agent A61K47/542Carboxylic acids, e.g. a fatty acid or an amino acid A61K47/543Lipids, e.g. triglycerides; Polyamines, e.g. spermine or spermidine A61K47/544Phospholipids A61K47/545Heterocyclic compounds A61K47/558 takes precedence A61K47/546Porphyrines; Porphyrine with an expanded ring system, e.g. texaphyrine A61K47/547Chelates, e.g. Gd-DOTA or Zinc-amino acid chelates; Chelate-forming compounds, e.g. DOTA or ethylenediamine being covalently linked or complexed to the pharmacologically- or therapeutically-active agent A61K47/548Phosphates or phosphonates, e.g. bone-seeking phospholipids A61K47/544 A61K47/549Sugars, nucleosides, nucleotides or nucleic acids A61K47/55the modifying agent being also a pharmacologically or therapeutically active agent, i.e. the entire conjugate being a codrug, i.e. a dimer, oligomer or polymer of pharmacologically or therapeutically active compounds A61K47/551one of the codrug's components being a vitamin, e.g. niacinamide, vitamin B3, cobalamin, vitamin B12, folate, vitamin A or retinoic acid A61K47/552one of the codrug's components being an antibiotic A61K47/554the modifying agent being a steroid plant sterol, glycyrrhetic acid, enoxolone or bile acid A61K47/555pre-targeting systems involving an organic compound, other than a peptide, protein or antibody, for targeting specific cells A61K47/556enzyme catalyzed therapeutic agent [ECTA] A61K47/557the modifying agent being biotin A61K47/558the modifying agent being a chemiluminescent acceptor A61K47/559Redox delivery systems, e.g. dihydropyridine pyridinium salt redox systems A61K47/56the modifying agent being an organic macromolecular compound, e.g. an oligomeric, polymeric or dendrimeric molecule A61K47/58obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. poly[meth]acrylate, polyacrylamide, polystyrene, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinylalcohol or polystyrene sulfonic acid resin A61K47/585Ion exchange resins, e.g. polystyrene sulfonic acid resin A61K47/59obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polyureas or polyurethanes A61K47/593Polyesters, e.g. PLGA or polylactide-co-glycolide A61K47/595Polyamides, e.g. nylon polyamino acids A61K47/62 A61K47/60the organic macromolecular compound being a polyoxyalkylene oligomer, polymer or dendrimer, e.g. PEG, PPG, PEO or polyglycerol A61K47/605the macromolecule containing phosphorus in the main chain, e.g. poly-phosphazene A61K47/61the organic macromolecular compound being a polysaccharide or a derivative thereof A61K47/62the modifying agent being a protein, peptide or polyamino acid A61K47/64Drug-peptide, drug-protein or drug-polyamino acid conjugates, i.e. the modifying agent being a peptide, protein or polyamino acid which is covalently bonded or complexed to a therapeutically active agent peptidic linkers A61K47/65 A61K47/641Branched, dendritic or hypercomb peptides A61K47/6415Toxins or lectins, e.g. clostridial toxins or Pseudomonas exotoxins A61K47/642the peptide or protein in the drug conjugate being a cytokine, e.g. IL2, chemokine, growth factors or interferons being the inactive part of the conjugate A61K47/6425the peptide or protein in the drug conjugate being a receptor, e.g. CD4, a cell surface antigen, i.e. not a peptide ligand targeting the antigen, or a cell surface determinant, i.e. a part of the surface of a cell A61K47/643Albumins, e.g. HSA, BSA, ovalbumin or a Keyhole Limpet Hemocyanin [KHL] A61K47/6435the peptide or protein in the drug conjugate being a connective tissue peptide, e.g. collagen, fibronectin or gelatin A61K47/644Transferrin, e.g. a lactoferrin or ovotransferrin A61K47/6445Haemoglobin A61K47/645Polycationic or polyanionic oligopeptides, polypeptides or polyamino acids, e.g. polylysine, polyarginine, polyglutamic acid or peptide TAT A61K47/6455Polycationic oligopeptides, polypeptides or polyamino acids, e.g. for complexing nucleic acids A61K47/646the entire peptide or protein drug conjugate elicits an immune response, e.g. conjugate vaccines A61K47/65Peptidic linkers, binders or spacers, e.g. peptidic enzyme-labile linkers A61K47/66the modifying agent being a pre-targeting system involving a peptide or protein for targeting specific cells A61K47/665the pre-targeting system, clearing therapy or rescue therapy involving biotin-(strept) avidin systems A61K47/67Enzyme prodrug therapy, e.g. gene directed enzyme drug therapy [GDEPT] or VDEPT A61K47/68the modifying agent being an antibody, an immunoglobulin or a fragment thereof, e.g. an Fc-fragment A61K47/6801Drug-antibody or immunoglobulin conjugates defined by the pharmacologically or therapeutically active agent A61K47/6803Drugs conjugated to an antibody or immunoglobulin, e.g. cisplatin-antibody conjugates A61K47/6805the drug being a vinca alkaloid A61K47/6807the drug or compound being a sugar, nucleoside, nucleotide, nucleic acid, e.g. RNA antisense A61K47/6809Antibiotics, e.g. antitumor antibiotics anthracyclins, adriamycin, doxorubicin or daunomycin A61K47/6811the drug being a protein or peptide, e.g. transferrin or bleomycin A61K47/6813the drug being a peptidic cytokine, e.g. an interleukin or interferon A61K47/6815Enzymes A61K47/6817Toxins A61K47/6819Plant toxins A61K47/6821Plant heterodimeric toxins, e.g. abrin or modeccin A61K47/6823Double chain ricin A61K47/6825Ribosomal inhibitory proteins, i.e. RIP-I or RIP-II, e.g. Pap, gelonin or dianthin A61K47/6827Ricin A A61K47/6829Bacterial toxins, e.g. diphteria toxins or Pseudomonas exotoxin A A61K47/6831Fungal toxins, e.g. alpha sarcine, mitogillin, zinniol or restrictocin A61K47/6833Viral toxins A61K47/6835the modifying agent being an antibody or an immunoglobulin bearing at least one antigen-binding site A61K47/6839the antibody targeting material from viruses A61K47/6841the antibody targeting a RNA virus A61K47/6843the antibody targeting a material from animals or humans A61K47/6845the antibody targeting a cytokine, e.g. growth factors, VEGF, TNF, a lymphokine or an interferon A61K47/6847the antibody targeting a hormone or a hormone-releasing or -inhibiting factor A61K47/6849the antibody targeting a receptor, a cell surface antigen or a cell surface determinant A61K47/6851the antibody targeting a determinant of a tumour cell A61K47/6853Carcino-embryonic antigens A61K47/6855the tumour determinant being from breast cancer cell A61K47/6857the tumour determinant being from lung cancer cell A61K47/6859the tumour determinant being from liver or pancreas cancer cell A61K47/6861the tumour determinant being from kidney or bladder cancer cell A61K47/6863the tumour determinant being from stomach or intestines cancer cell A61K47/6865the tumour determinant being from skin, nerves or brain cancer cell A61K47/6867the tumour determinant being from a cell of a blood cancer A61K47/6869the tumour determinant being from a cell of the reproductive system: ovaria, uterus, testes, prostate A61K47/6871the antibody targeting an enzyme A61K47/6873the antibody targeting an immunoglobulin; the antibody being an anti-idiotypic antibody A61K47/6875the antibody being a hybrid immunoglobulin A61K47/6877the antibody being an immunoglobulin containing regions, domains or residues from different species A61K47/6879the immunoglobulin having two or more different antigen-binding sites, e.g. bispecific or multispecific immunoglobulin A61K47/6881Cluster-antibody conjugates, i.e. the modifying agent consists of a plurality of antibodies covalently linked to each other or of different antigen-binding fragments covalently linked to each other A61K47/6883Polymer-drug antibody conjugates, e.g. mitomycin-dextran-Ab; DNA-polylysine-antibody complex or conjugate used for therapy A61K47/6885the conjugate or the polymer being a starburst, a dendrimer, a cascade A61K47/6887Antibody-chelate conjugates using chelates for therapeutic purposes radioactive substances, e.g. for use in radio diagnosis or radiotherapy, A61K51/10; antibody-chelates for use in MRI A61K49/14 A61K47/6889Conjugates wherein the antibody being the modifying agent and wherein the linker, binder or spacer confers particular properties to the conjugates, e.g. peptidic enzyme-labile linkers or acid-labile linkers, providing for an acid-labile immuno conjugate wherein the drug may be released from its antibody conjugated part in an acidic, e.g. tumoural or environment A61K47/6891Pre-targeting systems involving an antibody for targeting specific cells A61K47/6893clearing therapy or enhanced clearance, i.e. using an antibody clearing agents in addition to T-A and D-M A61K47/6895Rescue therapy; Agonist-antagonist; Antidotes; Targeted rescue or protection, e.g. by folic acid-folinic acid or conjugated to antibodies A61K47/6897Pre-targeting systems with two or three steps using antibody conjugates; Ligand-antiligand therapies A61K47/6898using avidin- or biotin-conjugated antibodies A61K47/6899Antibody-Directed Enzyme Prodrug Therapy [ADEPT] A61K47/69the conjugate being characterised by physical or galenical forms, e.g. emulsion, particle, inclusion complex, stent or kit A61K47/6901Conjugates being cells, cell fragments, viruses, ghosts, red blood cells or viral vectors A61K47/6903the form being semi-solid, e.g. an ointment, a gel, a hydrogel or a solidifying gel A61K47/6905the form being a colloid or an emulsion A61K47/6907the form being a microemulsion, nanoemulsion or micelle A61K47/6909Micelles formed by phospholipids A61K47/6911the form being a liposome A61K47/6913the liposome being modified on its surface by an antibody A61K47/6915the form being a liposome with polymerisable or polymerized bilayer-forming substances, e.g. polymersomes A61K47/6917the form being a lipoprotein vesicle, e.g. HDL or LDL proteins A61K47/6919the form being a ribbon or a tubule cochleate A61K47/6921the form being a particulate, a powder, an adsorbate, a bead or a sphere A61K47/6923the form being an inorganic particle, e.g. ceramic particles, silica particles, ferrite or synsorb A61K47/6925the form being a microcapsule, nanocapsule, microbubble or nanobubble A61K47/6927the form being a solid microparticle having no hollow or gas-filled cores A61K47/6929the form being a nanoparticle, e.g. an immuno-nanoparticle A61K47/6931the material constituting the nanoparticle being a polymer A61K47/6933the polymer being obtained by reactions only involving carbon to carbon, e.g. poly(meth)acrylate, polystyrene, polyvinylpyrrolidone or polyvinylalcohol A61K47/6935the polymer being obtained otherwise than by reactions involving carbon to carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polyesters, polyamides or polyglycerol A61K47/6937the polymer being PLGA, PLA or polyglycolic acid A61K47/6939the polymer being a polysaccharide, e.g. starch, chitosan, chitin, cellulose or pectin A61K47/6941the form being a granulate or an agglomerate A61K47/6943the form being a pill, a tablet, a lozenge or a capsule A61K47/6949inclusion complexes, e.g. clathrates, cavitates or fullerenes A61K47/6951using cyclodextrin cyclodextrins used as simple excipients A61K47/40 A61K47/6953the form being a fibre, a textile, a slab or a sheet A61K47/6955the form being a plaster, a bandage, a dressing or a patch A61K47/6957the form being a device or a kit, e.g. stents or microdevices A61K48/00Medicinal preparations containing genetic material which is inserted into cells of the living body to treat genetic diseasesGene therapy In this group the following expression is used with the meaning indicated: "gene therapy" means in vivo delivery of nucleic acids encoding for peptides by administration of these nucleic acids or by implanting cells transfected ex vivo with the nucleic acids encoding for the peptides. Documents relating to new nucleic acids encoding for peptides, e.g. enzymes, and their use in gene therapy are classified in subclass C07K or in group C12N9/00 according to the encoded peptides, with the appropriate indexing codes relating to gene therapy. Documents relating to new vectors and their use in gene therapy are classified in groups C12N15/85 - C12N15/90 according to the vectors, and the appropriate indexing codes, including those relating to gene therapy. Documents describing cells genetically modified to express a gene of interest and their use in gene therapy are classified in C12N5/06 according to the cells, with the appropriate indexing codes relating to gene therapy. Documents relating to new medical uses of peptides per se, which peptides may be encoded by nucleic acids, and wherein the nucleic acids may be administered directly or by implanting cells transfected ex vivo with the nucleic acids, are classified in the appropriate groups A61K38/00 or A61K39/00 according to the encoded peptides, with the indexing codes relating, inter alia, to gene therapy. A61K48/0008characterised by an aspect of the 'non-active' part of the composition delivered, e.g. wherein such 'non-active' part is not delivered simultaneously with the 'active' part of the composition A61K48/0016wherein the nucleic acid is delivered as a 'naked' nucleic acid, i.e. not combined with an entity such as a cationic lipid A61K48/0025wherein the non-active part clearly interacts with the delivered nucleic acid A61K48/0033the non-active part being non-polymeric A61K48/0041the non-active part being polymeric A61K48/005characterised by an aspect of the 'active' part of the composition delivered, i.e. the nucleic acid delivered A61K48/0058Nucleic acids adapted for tissue specific expression, e.g. having tissue specific promoters as part of a contruct A61K48/0066Manipulation of the nucleic acid to modify its expression pattern, e.g. enhance its duration of expression, achieved by the presence of particular introns in the delivered nucleic acid A61K48/0075characterised by an aspect of the delivery route, e.g. oral, subcutaneous A61K48/0083characterised by an aspect of the administration regime A61K48/0091Purification or manufacturing processes for gene therapy compositions A61K49/00Preparations for testing in vivo A61K49/0002General or multifunctional contrast agents, e.g. chelated agents A61K49/0004Screening or testing of compounds for diagnosis of disorders, assessment of conditions, e.g. renal clearance, gastric emptying, testing for diabetes, allergy, rheuma, pancreas functions A61K49/0006Skin tests, e.g. intradermal testing, test strips, delayed hypersensitivity A61K49/0008Screening agents using (non-human) animal models or transgenic animal models or chimeric hosts, e.g. Alzheimer disease animal model, transgenic model for heart failure A61K49/001Preparation for luminescence or biological staining A61K49/0013Luminescence A61K49/0015Phosphorescence A61K49/0017Fluorescence in vivo A61K49/0019characterised by the fluorescent group A61K49/0021the fluorescent group being a small organic molecule oligomeric, polymeric, dendritic molecules: A61K49/0019 if this fluorescent group is complexed or covalently linked to a carrier, classification is also made according to the nature of the carrier in the appropriate A61K49/005 subgroup A61K49/0023Di-or triarylmethane dye xanthene dyes A61K49/0041 A61K49/0026Acridine dyes A61K49/0028Oxazine dyes A61K49/003Thiazine dyes A61K49/0032Methine dyes, e.g. cyanine dyes A61K49/0034Indocyanine green, i.e. ICG, cardiogreen A61K49/0036Porphyrins used in photodynamic therapy A61K41/0071 or A61K41/0076; used as targeting group or modifying agent for targeting a therapeutic compound A61K47/546 A61K49/0039Coumarin dyes A61K49/0041Xanthene dyes, used in vivo, e.g. administered to a mice, e.g. rhodamines, rose Bengal in vivo G01N A61K49/0043Fluorescein, used in vivo A61K49/0045the fluorescent agent being a peptide or protein used for imaging or diagnosis in vivo A61K49/0047Green fluorescent protein [GFP] A61K49/005characterised by the carrier molecule carrying the fluorescent agent Classification is also made according to the nature of the fluorescent group in the appropriate subgroup of A61K49/0019 A61K49/0052Small organic molecules oligomers, polymers, dendrimers A61K49/0054 A61K49/0054Macromolecular compounds, i.e. oligomers, polymers, dendrimers A61K49/0056Peptides, proteins, polyamino acids A61K49/0058Antibodies A61K49/006Biological staining of tissues in vivo, e.g. methylene blue or toluidine blue O administered in the buccal area to detect epithelial cancer cells, dyes used for delineating tissues during surgery If the dye used for staining is fluorescent, classification is also given for the appropriate subgroup of A61K49/0019 A61K49/0063characterised by a special physical or galenical form, e.g. emulsions, microspheresNote Classification is also made according to the nature of the luminescent or fluorescent agent and/or the carrier carrying the fluorescent agent A61K49/0065the luminescent/fluorescent agent having itself a special physical form, e.g. gold nanoparticle A61K49/0067quantum dots, fluorescent nanocrystals Quantum dots modified on their surface by an antibody are also classified in A61K49/0058 ) A61K49/0069the agent being in a particular physical galenical form If the physical or galenical form containing a fluorescent agent is modified by a particular agent, classification is also made according to the nature of this agent in the appropriate A61K49/005 subgroup A61K49/0071solution, solute A61K49/0073semi-solid, gel, hydrogel, ointment A61K49/0076dispersion, suspension, e.g. particles in a liquid, colloid, emulsion A61K49/0078microemulsion, nanoemulsionMicroemulsion means that the dispersed phase is in the form of globules having a diameter above or equal to 1 micrometer. Nanoemulsion means that the dispersed phase is in the form of globules having a diameter below 1 micrometer A61K49/008lipoprotein vesicle, e.g. HDL or LDL proteins A61K49/0082micelle, e.g. phospholipidic micelle and polymeric micelleMicelles comprise a monolayer of surfactant molecules that are aggregated head-to-head and tail-to-tail, thus forming a small spherical particle; micelles can be normal, i.e., the surfactant heads are hydrophilic, or inverse A61K49/0084liposome, i.e. bilayered vesicular structure When the surface of the liposome encapsulating a fluorescent agent and used in vivo is functionalised by a modifying agent, classification is also made according to the nature of this modifying agent: e.g. a liposome modified on its surface by a peptide is classified in A61K49/0084 and A61K49/0056. Liposomes encapsulating a fluorescent agent, used in vivo and modified on their surface by a polymer because they incorporate a polymer-lipid conjugate, are only additionally classified in A61K49/0054 if the polymer modifying the lipid is unusual. Liposomes encapsulating a fluorescent agent which are pegylated because they incorporate a pegylated lipid are only classified in A61K49/0084, not in A61K49/0054 A61K49/0086Polymersome, i.e. liposome with polymerisable or polymerized bilayered-forming substances A61K49/0089Particulate, powder, adsorbate, bead, sphere A61K49/0091Microparticle, microcapsule, microbubble, microsphere, microbead, i.e. having a size or diameter higher or equal to 1 micrometer When the surface of the microparticle encapsulating a fluorescent agent and used in vivo is functionalised by a modifying agent, classification is also made according to the nature of this modifying agent, e.g. a microparticle modified on its surface by a peptide is classified in A61K49/0091 and A61K49/0056 A61K49/0093Nanoparticle, nanocapsule, nanobubble, nanosphere, nanobead, i.e. having a size or diameter smaller than 1 micrometer, e.g. polymeric nanoparticle A61K49/0095Nanotubes A61K49/0097Cells, viruses, ghosts, red blood cells, viral vectors, used for imaging or diagnosis in vivo A61K49/04X-ray contrast preparations In the preparation of new organic compounds and their use in X-ray contrast preparations, classification is only made in the relevant subclasses C07C - C07J according to the type of compound A61K49/0404containing barium sulfate A61K49/0409Physical forms of mixtures of two different X-ray contrast-enhancing agents, containing at least one X-ray contrast-enhancing agent which is not a halogenated organic compound A61K49/0414Particles, beads, capsules or spheres A61K49/0419Microparticles, microbeads, microcapsules, microspheres, i.e. having a size or diameter higher or equal to 1 micrometer A61K49/0423Nanoparticles, nanobeads, nanospheres, nanocapsules, i.e. having a size or diameter smaller than 1 micrometer A61K49/0428Surface-modified nanoparticles, e.g. immuno-nanoparticles A61K49/0433containing an organic halogenated X-ray contrast-enhancing agent A61K49/0438Organic X-ray contrast-enhancing agent comprising an iodinated group or an iodine atom, e.g. iopamidol A61K49/0442Polymeric X-ray contrast-enhancing agent comprising a halogenated group A61K49/0447Physical forms of mixtures of two different X-ray contrast-enhancing agents, containing at least one X-ray contrast-enhancing agent which is a halogenated organic compound A61K49/0452Solutions, e.g. for injection A61K49/0457Semi-solid forms, ointments, gels, hydrogels A61K49/0461Dispersions, colloids, emulsions or suspensions A61K49/0466Liposomes, lipoprotein vesicles, e.g. HDL or LDL lipoproteins, phospholipidic or polymeric micelles A61K49/0471Perflubron, i.e. perfluoroctylbromide, C₈F₁₇Br emulsions A61K49/0476Particles, beads, capsules, spheres A61K49/048Microparticles, microbeads, microcapsules, microspheres, i.e. having a size or diameter higher or equal to 1 micrometer A61K49/0485Nanoparticles, nanobeads, nanospheres, nanocapsules, i.e. having a size or diameter smaller than 1 micrometer A61K49/049Surface-modified nanoparticles, e.g. immune-nanoparticles A61K49/0495intended for oral administration A61K49/06Nuclear magnetic resonance [NMR] contrast preparationsMagnetic resonance imaging [MRI] contrast preparationscharacterised only by the (inorganic) MRI-active nucleus, e.g. 129Xe A61K49/08characterised by the carriercharacterised by the carrier carrying the MRI-active nucleus, e.g. inorganic carrier A61K49/085conjugated systems The MRI-active nucleus being complexed to a complex-forming compound (e.g. chelating group) or being covalently linked to a molecule, which being further covalently linked or conjugated to a carrier, e.g. polymer. Classification being also made according to the nature of the carrier, e.g. [Gd3+]DOTA-polymer to be classified in A61K49/085 and in the appropriate A61K49/12 adequate subgroup A61K49/10Organic compoundsthe carrier being an organic compound, e.g. 13C-labelled molecule or perfluorinated alkane, used as MRI in vivo probe, or a small organic molecule, e.g. a sugar, linked to a Gd-chelate A61K49/101the carrier being a complex-forming compound able to form MRI-active complexes with paramagnetic metals In the A61K49/101 subgroups, the MRI-active nucleus being complexed to a complex-forming compound, e.g. chelating group. Classification being made according to the nature of this complex-forming agent, if it being either an uncommon or new complexing agent (not the usual DTPA, DOTA, DOTP, etc...groups) that forms the real contribution to the claimed MRI invention, or if it being not conjugated to any further molecule, e.g. which being not conjugated to a polymer, peptide, protein or antibody. In that latter case, the MRI probe being e.g. a paramagnetic metal chelate A61K49/103the complex-forming compound being acyclic, e.g. DTPA A61K49/105the metal complex being Gd-DTPA A61K49/106the complex-forming compound being cyclic, e.g. DOTA A61K49/108the metal complex being Gd-DOTA A61K49/12Macromolecular compounds the carrier being an organic macromolecular compound, i.e. an oligomeric, polymeric, dendrimeric molecule (not being a peptide, protein, polyamino acid (see A61K49/00) or an antibody (see A61K49/00 or A61K49/16 ) A61K49/122dimers of complexes or complex-forming compounds A61K49/124dendrimers, dendrons, hyperbranched compounds Said compounds are either complexes or complex-forming compounds, or they form a backbone to which MRI active nuclei are complexed or covalently linked through chelating groups. In that latter case, the subgroup A61K49/085 being also given. Dendrimeric, dendronised or hyperbranched polyamino acids used as carriers are also classified in A61K49/146 A61K49/126Linear polymers, e.g. dextran, inulin, PEG A61K49/128comprising multiple complex or complex-forming groups, being either part of the linear polymeric backbone or being pending groups covalently linked to the linear polymeric backbone In that latter case, classification is also made in A61K49/085 A61K49/14Peptides, e.g. proteins the carrier being a peptide (polyamino acid, A61K49/146 ) or protein (not an antibody, see A61K49/16 ). If the MRI-active nucleus being linked to the peptide or protein or polyamino acid via a complexing or chelating group, the subgroup A61K49/085 should also be given. If the peptide or protein or polyamino acid being a dendrimer, a dendron, or hyperbranched, then the A61K49/124 being also given A61K49/143the protein being an albumin, e.g. HSA, BSA, ovalbumin A61K49/146the peptide being a polyamino acid, e.g. poly-lysine A61K49/16AntibodiesImmunoglobulinsFragments thereof the protein being an antibody, an immunoglobulin or a fragment thereof. If the MRI-active nucleus being linked to the antibody via a complexing or chelating group, the subgroup A61K49/085 should also be given A61K49/18characterised by a special physical form, e.g. emulsions, microcapsules, liposomesClassification being also made according to the molecule complexing or bearing the MRI-active nucleus A61K49/1803Semi-solid preparations, e.g. ointments, gels, hydrogels A61K49/1806Suspensions, emulsions, colloids, dispersions A61K49/1809Micelles, e.g. phospholipidic or polymeric micelles A61K49/1812liposomes, polymersomes, e.g. immunoliposomes If the paramagnetic metal complexes are covalently linked to the bilayered membrane, then the A61K49/085 subgroup being also given. Liposomes modified on their external surface by a targeting agent, e.g. an antibody are classified in A61K49/1812 without further indication for the targeting agent A61K49/1815compo-inhalant, e.g. breath tests A61K49/1818particles, e.g. uncoated or non-functionalised microparticles or nanoparticles For nanoparticles, i.e. having a size or diameter smaller than 1 micrometer, the subgroups B82Y5/00 and B82Y15/00 are also given A61K49/1821coated or functionalised microparticles or nanoparticles A61K49/1824coated or functionalised nanoparticles liposomes A61K49/1812; nanoemulsions A61K49/1806; micelles A61K49/1809 A61K49/1827having a (super)(para)magnetic core, being a solid MRI-active material, e.g. magnetite, or composed of a plurality of MRI-active, organic agents, e.g. Gd-chelates, or nuclei, e.g. Eu3+, encapsulated or entrapped in the core of the coated or functionalised nanoparticle A61K49/183having a (super)(para)magnetic core coated or functionalised with an inorganic material or being composed of an inorganic material entrapping the MRI-active nucleus, e.g. silica core doped with a MRI-active nucleus A61K49/1833having a (super)(para)magnetic core coated or functionalised with a small organic molecule oligomeric, polymeric, dendrimeric A61K49/1851 A61K49/1836the small organic molecule being a carboxylic acid having less than 8 carbon atoms in the main chain A61K49/1839the small organic molecule being a lipid, a fatty acid having 8 or more carbon atoms in the main chain, or a phospholipid A61K49/1842the small organic molecule being a phosphate or a phosphonate, not being a phospholipid A61K49/1845the small organic molecule being a carbohydrate (monosaccharides, discacharides) A61K49/1848the small organic molecule being a silane A61K49/1851having a (super)(para)magnetic core coated or functionalised with an organic macromolecular compound, i.e. oligomeric, polymeric, dendrimeric organic molecule peptide or protein A61K49/1866; polyamino acid A61K49/1872; antibody A61K49/1875 A61K49/1854the organic macromolecular compound being obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. poly(meth)acrylate, polyacrylamide, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinylalcohol A61K49/1857the organic macromolecular compound being obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. PLGA A61K49/186the organic macromolecular compound being polyethyleneglycol [PEG] A61K49/1863the organic macromolecular compound being a polysaccharide or derivative thereof, e.g. chitosan, chitin, cellulose, pectin, starch A61K49/1866the nanoparticle having a (super)(para)magnetic core coated or functionalised with a peptide, e.g. protein, polyamino acid A61K49/1869coated or functionalised with a protein being an albumin, e.g. HSA, BSA, ovalbumin A61K49/1872coated or functionalised with a polyamino acid, e.g. polylysine, polyglutamic acid A61K49/1875coated or functionalised with an antibody A61K49/1878the nanoparticle having a magnetically inert core and a (super)(para)magnetic coating A61K49/1881wherein the coating consists of chelates, i.e. chelating group complexing a (super)(para)magnetic ion, bound to the surface A61K49/1884Nanotubes, nanorods or nanowires A61K49/1887Agglomerates, clusters, i.e. more than one (super)(para)magnetic microparticle or nanoparticle are aggregated or entrapped in the same maxtrix A61K49/189Host-guest complexes, e.g. cyclodextrins A61K49/1893Molecular sieves A61K49/1896not provided for elsewhere, e.g. cells, viruses, ghosts, red blood cells, virus capsides A61K49/20containing free radicals , e.g. trityl radical for overhauser A61K49/22Echographic preparationsUltrasound imaging preparation Optoacoustic imaging preparations A61K49/221characterised by the targeting agent or modifying agent linked to the acoustically-active agent A61K49/222characterised by a special physical form, e.g. emulsions, liposomes A61K49/223Microbubbles, hollow microspheres, free gas bubbles, gas microspheres A61K49/225Microparticles, microcapsules gas-filled to be classified in A61K49/223 A61K49/226Solutes, emulsions, suspensions, dispersions, semi-solid forms, e.g. hydrogels A61K49/227Liposomes, lipoprotein vesicles, e.g. LDL or HDL lipoproteins, micelles, e.g. phospholipidic or polymeric A61K49/228Host-guest complexes, clathrates, chelates A61K51/00Preparations containing radioactive substances for use in therapy or testing in vivo A61K51/02characterised by the carrier , i.e. characterised by the agent or material covalently linked or complexing the radioactive nucleus A61K51/025inorganic Tc complexes or compounds A61K51/04Organic compoundsOrganic compounds used as carriers A61K51/0402carboxylic acid carriers, fatty acids amino acids A61K51/0406 A61K51/0404Lipids, e.g. triglycerides; Polycationic carriers polycationic carriers being oligomers, polymers, dendrimers A61K47/56; fatty acids A61K51/0402; cholesterol A61K51/0493 A61K51/0406Amines, polyamines, e.g. spermine, spermidine, amino acids, (bis)guanidines A61K51/0408Phospholipids liposomes encapsulating the radioactive probe or having no radiolabelled phospholipids A61K51/1231 A61K51/041Heterocyclic compoundsUnder this group, the last place rule is followed A61K51/0412having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin A61K51/0414having three-membered rings, e.g. oxirane, fumagillin A61K51/0417having four-membered rings, e.g. taxol A61K51/0419having five-membered rings with one oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. isosorbide A61K51/0421having six-membered rings with one oxygen as the only ring hetero atom A61K51/0423having two or more oxygen atoms in the same ring, e.g. crown ethers, guanadrel A61K51/0425compounds containing methylenedioxyphenol groups, e.g. sesamin A61K51/0427Lactones A61K51/0429having sulfur as a ring hetero atom A61K51/0431having five-membered rings A61K51/0434having six-membered rings, e.g. thioxanthenes thiotixene A61K51/0459 A61K51/0436having two or more sulfur atoms in the same ring A61K51/0438having oxygen in the same ring A61K51/044having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine, rifamycins rifampin A61K51/0459 A61K51/0442having three-membered rings, e.g. aziridine A61K51/0444having four-membered rings, e.g. azetidine A61K51/0446having five-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. sulpiride, succinimide, tolmetin, buflomedil A61K51/0448tropane or nortropane groups, e.g. cocaine A61K51/0451having four such rings, e.g. phorphine derivatives, bilirubin, biliverdine hemin, hematin A61K51/0472 Porphyrins or texaphyrins used as complex-forming compounds, i.e. wherein the nitrogen atoms forming the central ring system complex the radioactive metal, are classified in A61K51/0485 A61K51/0453having five-membered rings with two or more ring hetero atoms, at least one of which being nitrogen, e.g. tetrazole A61K51/0455having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom A61K51/0457Vesamicol A61K51/0459having six-membered rings with two nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, e.g. piperazine A61K51/0461having six-membered rings with three nitrogens as the only ring hetero atoms, e.g. chlorazanil, melamine melarsoprol A61K51/0472 A61K51/0463having six-membered rings with at least one nitrogen and one oxygen as the ring hetero atoms, e.g. 1,2-oxazines A61K51/0465having six-membered rings with at least one nitrogen and one sulfur as the ring hetero atoms, e.g. sulthiame A61K51/0468having seven-membered rings, e.g. azelastine, pentylenetetrazole A61K51/047Benzodiazepines A61K51/0472containing heavy metals, e.g. hemin, hematin, melarsoprol A61K51/0474complexes or complex-forming compounds, i.e. wherein a radioactive metal (e.g. 111In3+) is complexed or chelated by, e.g. a N₂S₂, N₃S, NS₃, N₄ chelating groupClassification is made according to the nature of this complex-forming agent, if it is either an uncommon or new complexing agent (not the usual DTPA, DOTA, DOTP, MAG3 etc...groups) that forms the real contribution to the claimed invention (radioimaging or radiotherapeutic agent), or if it is not conjugated to any further molecule, e.g. which is not conjugated to a polymer, peptide, protein or antibody. In that latter case, the radioactive agent is e.g. a radioactive metal chelate A61K51/0476complexes from monodendate ligands, e.g. sestamibi A61K51/0478complexes from non-cyclic ligands, e.g. EDTA, MAG3 A61K51/048DTPA (diethylenetriamine tetraacetic acid) A61K51/0482chelates from cyclic ligands, e.g. DOTA A61K51/0485Porphyrins, texaphyrins wherein the nitrogen atoms forming the central ring system complex the radioactive metal Porphyrins used as simple heterocyclic carriers containing a radioactive nucleus (e.g. 11C) or substituted with a radioactive nucleus (e.g. 18F), are classified in A61K51/0451 A61K51/0487Metallocenes, i.e. complexes based on a radioactive metal complexed by two cyclopentadienyl anions A61K51/0489Phosphates or phosphonates, e.g. bone-seeking phosphonates; phospholipids: A61K51/0408; nucleotides or nucleic acids: A61K51/0491 A61K51/0491Sugars, nucleosides, nucleotides, oligonucleotides, nucleic acids, e.g. DNA, RNA, nucleic acid aptamers A61K51/0493Steroids, e.g. cholesterol, testosterone A61K51/0495PretargetingPretargeting is the administration of an agent X bearing the radioisotope or radioactive nucleus and of an agent Y capable of binding X and a cell Y in several steps, e.g. the radiolabelled agent is a radiolabelled biotin and the agent Y is a (strept)avidin molecule targeting specific cells. Classification is also made according to the nature of the carrier bearing/linked to the radioactive nucleus, e.g. an antibody A61K51/0497conjugates with a carrier being an organic compounds The compound which bears, complexes or chelates the radioactive nucleus, is covalently linked or complexed to the carrier being another (small) organic molecule, i.e. not oligomeric, polymeric, dendrimeric. Classification is also made according to the nature of this small organic molecule. In case of a conjugate comprising a complex-forming compound (chelating group) complexing a radioactive metal linked to the carrier (organic compound in A61K51/0497 ), the nature of this complex-forming compound is not classified except if the complexing/chelating group is the subject of the invention and is uncommon, e.g. 111In-DTPA-glucose is classified in A61K51/0497 (not in A61K51/048 ) and in A61K51/0491 A61K51/06Macromolecular compounds , carriers being organic macromolecular compounds, i.e. organic oligomeric, polymeric, dendrimeric molecules peptides, proteins, polyamino acids A61K51/08; antibodies A61K51/10 A61K51/065conjugates with carriers being macromolecules The compound which bears, complexes or chelates the radioactive nucleus, is covalently linked or complexed to the carrier being a macromolecule (not being a peptide, polyamino acid, protein, antibody). In case of a conjugate comprising a complex-forming compound (chelating group) complexing a radioactive metal linked to the carrier (organic macromolecular compound in A61K51/065 ), the nature of this complex-forming compound is not classified except if it is the real contribution of the claimed invention and it is an uncommon complexing/chelating group, e.g. 111In-DTPA-PEG is classified in A61K51/065 and new DTPA-like derivatives conjugated to PEG and complexing 111In for use in vivo is classified in A61K51/0478 and A61K51/065 A61K51/08Peptides, e.g. proteins , carriers being peptides, polyamino acids, proteins A61K51/081the protein being an albumin, e.g. human serum albumin [HSA], bovine serum albumin [BSA], ovalbumin A61K51/082the peptide being a RGD-containing peptide A61K51/083the peptide being octreotide or a somatostatin-receptor-binding peptide A61K51/084the peptide being oxytocin A61K51/085the peptide being neurotensin A61K51/086the peptide being alphaMSH, alpha melanocyte stimulating hormone A61K51/087the peptide being an annexin, e.g. annexin V A61K51/088conjugates with carriers being peptides, polyamino acids or proteins antibodies A61K51/10 The compound which bears, complexes or chelates the radioactive nucleus, is covalently linked/complexed to the carrier being a peptide, polyamino acid or protein (not being an antibody). Classification is also made according to the nature of the peptide or protein (e.g. if it is BSA, then A61K51/081 is also indicated). In case of a conjugate comprising a complex-forming compound (chelating group) complexing a radioactive metal linked to the carrier (peptide, protein or polyamino acid in A61K51/088), the nature of this complex-forming compound is not classified except if it is the real contribution of the claimed invention and it is an uncommon complexing or chelating group, e.g. 111In-DTPA-interleukin 2 is classified in A61K51/088; new DTPA-like derivatives conjugated to interleukin 2 and complexing 111In for use in vivo is classified in A61K51/0478 and A61K51/088 A61K51/10Antibodies or immunoglobulinsFragments thereof , the carrier being an antibody, an immunoglobulin or a fragment thereof, e.g. a camelised human single domain antibody or the Fc fragment of an antibody A61K51/1006the antibody being against or targeting material from viruses A61K51/1009against material from bacteria A61K51/1012against material from fungi, lichens or algae A61K51/1015against material from plants A61K51/1018against material from animals or humans A61K51/1021against cytokines, e.g. growth factors, VEGF, TNF, lymphokines or interferons A61K51/1024against hormones, hormone-releasing or hormone-inhibiting factors A61K51/1027against receptors, cell-surface antigens or cell-surface determinants A61K51/103against receptors for growth factors or receptors for growth regulators A61K51/1033against receptors for cytokines, lymphokines or interferons A61K51/1036against hormone receptors A61K51/1039against T-cell receptors A61K51/1042against T-cell receptor (TcR)-CD3 complex A61K51/1045against animal or human tumor cells or tumor cell determinants A61K51/1048the tumor cell determinant being a carcino embryonic antigen A61K51/1051the tumor cell being from breast, e.g. the antibody being herceptin A61K51/1054the tumor cell being from lung A61K51/1057the tumor cell being from liver or pancreas A61K51/106the tumor cell being from kidney or bladder A61K51/1063the tumor cell being from stomach or intestines A61K51/1066the tumor cell being from skin A61K51/1069the tumor cell being from blood cells, e.g. the cancer being a myeloma A61K51/1072the tumor cell being from the reproductive system, e.g. ovaria, uterus, testes or prostate A61K51/1075the antibody being against an enzyme A61K51/1078the antibody being against an immunoglobulin, i.e. being an (anti)-anti-idiotypic antibody A61K51/1084the antibody being a hybrid immunoglobulin A61K51/1087the immunoglobulin comprises domains from different animal species, e.g. chimeric immunoglobulins A61K51/109immunoglobulins having two or more different antigen-binding sites or multifunctional antibodies A61K51/1093conjugates with carriers being antibodiesThe compound which bears, complexes or chelates the radioactive nucleus, being covalently linked or complexed to the carrier being an antibody. Classification being also made according to the appropriate A61K51/10 subgroup. In case of a conjugate comprising a complex-forming compound (chelating group) complexing a radioactive metal linked to the carrier (antibody in A61K51/1093 ), the nature of this complex-forming compound being not classified except if it being the real contribution of the claimed invention and it being an uncommon complexing/chelating group, e.g. 111In-DTPA-herceptin being classified in A61K51/1093 and A61K51/1051, new DTPA-like derivatives conjugated to herceptin and complexing 111In for use in vivo being classified in A61K51/0478, A61K51/1093 and A61K51/1051 A61K51/1096radioimmunotoxins, i.e. conjugates being structurally as defined in A61K51/1093, and including a radioactive nucleus for use in radiotherapeutic applications A61K51/12characterised by a special physical form, e.g. emulsion, microcapsules, liposomes , characterized by a special physical form, e.g. emulsions, dispersions, microcapsules liposomes A61K51/1234 A61K51/1203in a form not provided for by groups A61K51/1206 - A61K51/1296, e.g. cells, cell fragments, viruses, virus capsides, ghosts, red blood cells, viral vectors A61K51/1206Administration of radioactive gases, aerosols or breath tests A61K51/121Solutions, i.e. homogeneous liquid formulation A61K51/1213Semi-solid forms, gels, hydrogels, ointments, fats and waxes that are solid at room temperature A61K51/1217Dispersions, suspensions, colloids, emulsions, e.g. perfluorinated emulsion, sols A61K51/122Microemulsions, nanoemulsions A61K51/1224Lipoprotein vesicles, e.g. HDL and LDL proteins A61K51/1227Micelles, e.g. phospholipidic or polymeric micelles A61K51/1231Aerosols or breath tests, e.g. administration of gasses, emanators A61K51/1234LiposomesLiposomes modified on their external surface by a targeting agent, e.g. an antibody, are not additionally classified with the symbol of the targeting agent A61K51/1237Polymersomes, i.e. liposomes with polymerisable or polymerized bilayer-forming substances A61K51/1241particles, powders, lyophilizates, adsorbates, e.g. polymers or resins for adsorption or ion-exchange resins A61K51/1244microparticles or nanoparticles, e.g. polymeric nanoparticles A61K51/1248nanotubes A61K51/1251micro- or nanospheres, micro- or nanobeads, micro- or nanocapsules A61K51/1255Granulates, agglomerates, microspheres A61K51/1258Pills, tablets, lozenges A61K51/1262Capsules A61K51/1265Microcapsules A61K51/1268host-guest, closed hollow molecules, inclusion complexes, e.g. with cyclodextrins, clathrates, cavitates, fullerenes A61K51/1272Sponges A61K51/1275Fibers, textiles, slabbs, or sheets A61K51/1279Plasters, bandages, dressings, patches or adhesives A61K51/1282Devices used in vivo and carrying the radioactive therapeutic or diagnostic agent, therapeutic or in vivo diagnostic kits, stents A61K51/1286Ampoules, glass carriers carrying the therapeutic or in vivo diagnostic agent A61K51/1289Devices or containers for impregnation, for emanation, e.g. bottles or jars for radioactive water for use in radiotherapy A61K51/1293Radioactive cosmetics, e.g. radioactive bathsalts, soaps A61K51/1296Radioactive food, e.g. chocolates, drinks A61K2121/00 A61K2121/00Preparations for use in therapy A61K2123/00Preparations for testing in vivo A61K2236/00Isolation or extraction methods of medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicine If the isolation or extraction method is considered relevant, at least one symbol of A61K36/30 should always be given. The method can be further characterized by additional A61K36/10 and/or A61K36/50 symbols. The last place priority rule does not apply in this part of the scheme A61K2236/10Preparation or pretreatment of starting material A61K2236/11involving culturing conditions, e.g. cultivation in the dark or under defined water stress A61K2236/13involving cleaning, e.g. washing or peeling A61K2236/15involving mechanical treatment, e.g. chopping up, cutting or grinding A61K2236/17involving drying, e.g. sun-drying or wilting A61K2236/19involving fermentation using yeast, bacteria or bothenzymatic treatment fermentation or enzyme-using processes in general C12P A61K2236/30Extraction of the material A61K2236/31involving untreated material, e.g. fruit juice or sap obtained from fresh plants A61K2236/33involving extraction with hydrophilic solvents, e.g. lower alcohols, esters or ketones A61K2236/331using water, e.g. cold water, infusion, tea, steam distillation, decoction subcritical water extraction A61K2236/37 A61K2236/333using mixed solvents, e.g. 70% EtOH A61K2236/35Extraction with lipophilic solvents, e.g. Hexane or petrol ether A61K2236/37Extraction at elevated pressure or temperature, e.g. pressurized solvent extraction [PSE], supercritical carbon dioxide extraction or subcritical water extraction A61K2236/39Complex extraction schemes, e.g. fractionation or repeated extraction steps A61K2236/50Methods involving additional extraction steps A61K2236/51Concentration or drying of the extract, e.g. Lyophilisation, freeze-drying or spray-drying A61K2236/53Liquid-solid separation, e.g. centrifugation, sedimentation or crystallization A61K2236/55Liquid-liquid separationPhase separation A61K2300/00Mixtures or combinations of active ingredients, wherein at least one active ingredient is fully defined in groups A61K31/00 - A61K41/00This code is meant to be allocated in combination with the CPC classification symbol of the active ingredients, and replaces the former +M Combi symbols used in this subclass A61K2800/00Properties of cosmetic compositions or active ingredients thereof or formulation aids used therein and process related aspectsThis subclass is a secondary classification, e.g. obligatory supplementary classification when already classified in group A61K8/00 or subclass A61Q A61K2800/10General cosmetic use A61K2800/20Chemical, physico-chemical or functional or structural properties of the composition as a whole A61K2800/21Emulsions characterized by droplet sizes below 1 micron A61K2800/22Gas releasing A61K2800/222Effervescent A61K2800/24Thermal properties A61K2800/242ExothermicSelf-heatingHeating sensation A61K2800/244EndothermicCoolingCooling sensation A61K2800/26Optical properties A61K2800/262TransparentTranslucent A61K2800/28Rubbing or scrubbing compositionsPeeling or abrasive compositionsContaining exfoliants A61K2800/30Characterized by the absence of a particular group of ingredients A61K2800/31Anhydrous A61K2800/33Free of surfactant A61K2800/34Free of silicones A61K2800/40Chemical, physico-chemical or functional or structural properties of particular ingredients A61K2800/41Particular ingredients further characterized by their size A61K2800/412Microsized, i.e. having sizes between 0.1 and 100 microns A61K2800/413Nanosized, i.e. having sizes below 100 nm A61K2800/42Colour properties A61K2800/43PigmentsDyes A61K2800/432Direct dyes A61K2800/4322in preparations for temporarily coloring the hair further containing an oxidizing agent A61K2800/4324in preparations for permanently dyeing the hair A61K2800/434Luminescent, FluorescentOptical brightenersPhotosensitizers A61K2800/436Interference pigments, e.g. Iridescent, Pearlescent A61K2800/437Diffractive phenomenaPhotonic arrays A61K2800/438ThermochromaticPhotochromicPhototropic A61K2800/45Colour indicators, e.g. pH- or Redox indicators A61K2800/47Magnetic materialsParamagnetic compounds A61K2800/48Thickener, Thickening system A61K2800/49Solubiliser, Solubilising system A61K2800/51Chelating agents A61K2800/52Stabilizers A61K2800/522AntioxidantsRadical scavengers A61K2800/524Preservatives A61K2800/526Corrosion inhibitors A61K2800/54Polymers characterized by specific structures/properties A61K2800/542characterized by the charge A61K2800/5422nonionic A61K2800/5424anionic A61K2800/5426cationic A61K2800/5428amphoteric or zwitterionic A61K2800/544Dendrimers, Hyperbranched polymers A61K2800/546Swellable particulate polymers A61K2800/548Associative polymers A61K2800/56Compounds, absorbed onto or entrapped into a solid carrier, e.g. encapsulated perfumes, inclusion compounds, sustained release forms A61K2800/57Compounds covalently linked to a(n inert) carrier molecule, e.g. conjugates, pro-fragrances A61K2800/58Metal complexCoordination compounds A61K2800/59Mixtures A61K2800/591Mixtures of compounds not provided for by any of the codes A61K2800/592 - A61K2800/596 A61K2800/592Mixtures of compounds complementing their respective functions A61K2800/5922At least two compounds being classified in the same subclass of A61K8/18 A61K2800/594Mixtures of polymers A61K2800/596Mixtures of surface active compounds A61K2800/60Particulates further characterized by their structure or composition A61K2800/61Surface treated A61K2800/612By organic compounds A61K2800/614By macromolecular compounds A61K2800/62Coated A61K2800/621by inorganic compounds A61K2800/622by organic compounds A61K2800/623Coating mediated by organosilicone compounds A61K2800/624by macromolecular compounds A61K2800/63More than one coating A61K2800/65Characterized by the composition of the particulate/core A61K2800/651The particulate/core comprising inorganic material A61K2800/652The particulate/core comprising organic material A61K2800/654The particulate/core comprising macromolecular material A61K2800/70Biological properties of the composition as a whole A61K2800/72Hypo-allergenic A61K2800/74Biological properties of particular ingredients A61K2800/75Anti-irritant A61K2800/77Perfumes having both deodorant and antibacterial properties A61K2800/78Enzyme modulators, e.g. Enzyme agonists A61K2800/782Enzyme inhibitorsEnzyme antagonists A61K2800/80Process related aspects concerning the preparation of the cosmetic composition or the storage or application thereof A61K2800/805Corresponding aspects not provided for by any of codes A61K2800/81 - A61K2800/95 A61K2800/81Preparation or application process involves irradiation A61K2800/82Preparation or application process involves sonication or ultrasonication A61K2800/83ElectrophoresisElectrodesElectrolytic phenomena A61K2800/84Products or compounds obtained by lyophilisation, freeze-drying A61K2800/85Products or compounds obtained by fermentation, e.g. yoghurt, beer, wine A61K2800/86Products or compounds obtained by genetic engineering A61K2800/87Application DevicesContainersPackaging A61K2800/872PencilsCrayonsFelt-tip pens A61K2800/874Roll-on A61K2800/88Two- or multipart kits A61K2800/882Mixing prior to application A61K2800/884Sequential application A61K2800/91Injection A61K2800/92Oral administration A61K2800/94Involves covalent bonding to the substrate A61K2800/95Involves in-situ formation or cross-linking of polymers