B23F

MAKING GEARS OR TOOTHED RACKS by stamping B21D; by rolling B21H; by forging or pressing B21K; by casting B22; arrangements for copying or controlling B23Q; machines or devices for grinding or polishing, in general B24B

This subclass covers:

the use of methods or apparatus specially designed to produce accurately the shapes of gear teeth which are essential for proper intermeshing of toothed gearing elements to ensure the required relative motions;

the use of similar methods or apparatus in the production of other articles of toothed or like form, e.g. dog clutches, splined shafts, milling cutters.

This subclass does not cover the production of such other articles of toothed or like form using methods or apparatus other than those mentioned under Note (1) above.

In this subclass, the following terms or expressions are used with the meanings indicated:

"gear teeth" covers the teeth or lobes of other accurately-intermeshing members having relative movement of a similar kind, such as rotors of rotary pumps and blowers;

"profile" may include the outline of both faces or only one face of a tooth, or the opposing faces of adjacent teeth;

"straight" means that a tooth as a whole (ignoring any curvature of the tooth-face alone, e.g. crowning) is straight in the direction of its length, for example as seen in the direction of a radius of a spur wheel. It accordingly includes the teeth of helical gears and of the normal type of bevel gear;

"broach-milling" means milling with a rotary cutter having a number of teeth of progressively increasing depth or width.

In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.

B23F1/00

Making gear teeth by tools of which the profile matches the profile of the required surface special adaptations for making curved teeth B23F9/00

B23F1/02

by grinding

B23F1/023

the tool being a grinding worm

B23F1/026

with plural tools

B23F1/04

by planing or slotting

B23F1/06

by milling

B23F1/065

with plural tools

B23F1/08

by broaching

by broach-milling

B23F1/083

by broach-milling

B23F1/086

Pot broaching

B23F3/00

Making gear teeth involving copying operations controlled by templates having a profile which matches that of the required tooth face or part thereof or a copy thereof to a different scale copying systems or devices per se

B23Q35/00

B23F5/00

Making straight gear teeth involving moving a tool relatively to a workpiece with a rolling-off or an enveloping motion with respect to the gear teeth to be made

B23F5/02

by grinding

B23F5/04

the tool being a grinding worm

B23F5/06

the tool being a grinding disc with a plane front surface

B23F5/065

and the grinding disc axis varying angularly with respect to the workpiece axis

B23F5/08

the tool being a grinding disc having the same profile as the tooth or teeth of a rack

B23F5/085

and the grinding disc axis varying angularly with respect to the workpiece axis

B23F5/10

the tool being a grinding disc having the same profile as the tooth or teeth of a crown or bevel wheel

B23F5/12

by planing or slotting

B23F5/125

with two single-tooth tools mounted on reciprocating slides

B23F5/14

the tool having the same profile as a tooth or teeth of a rack

B23F5/16

the tool having a shape similar to that of a spur wheel or part thereof

B23F5/163

the tool and workpiece being in crossed axis arrangement, e.g. skiving, i.e. "Waelzschaelen"

B23F5/166

with plural tools

B23F5/18

the tool having the same profile as a tooth of a crown wheel

B23F5/20

by milling

B23F5/202

the tool having a shape similar to that of a gear or part thereof, with cutting edges situated on the tooth contour lines tools therefor B23F21/122

B23F5/205

with plural tools

B23F5/207

the tools being interlocked

B23F5/22

the tool being a hob for making spur gears

B23F5/24

the tool being a hob for making bevel gears

B23F5/26

the tool having the same profile as a tooth or teeth of a rack, for making spur gears

B23F5/27

the tool having the same profile as a tooth or teeth of a crown or bevel wheel

B23F5/28

by broaching

by broach-milling

B23F5/285

broaching with working tools mounted on an endless chain or belt

B23F7/00

Making herringbone gear teeth

B23F9/00

Making gears having teeth curved in their longitudinal direction

B23F9/003

by broaching

B23F9/006

broaching with working tools mounted on an endless chain or belt

B23F9/02

by grinding

B23F9/025

with a face-mill-type, i.e. cup-shaped, grinding wheel

B23F9/04

by planing or slotting with reciprocating cutting tools

B23F9/06

having a shape similar to a spur-wheel or part thereof

B23F9/07

having a shape similar to a crown wheel or a part thereof

B23F9/08

by milling, e.g. with helicoidal hob

B23F9/082

with a hob

B23F9/084

the hob being tapered

B23F9/086

with two or more tools

B23F9/088

the tools being interlocked

B23F9/10

with a face-mill

B23F9/105

with continuous indexing, i.e. with continuous work rotation

B23F9/12

for non-continuous generating processes

B23F9/14

for continuous generating processes

B23F11/00

Making worm wheels, e.g. by hobbing

B23F13/00

Making worms by methods essentially requiring the use of machines of the gear-cutting type making screw-thread B23G

B23F13/003

making worms of conical or barrel shape

B23F13/006

by grinding

B23F13/02

Making worms of cylindrical shape

B23F13/04

by grinding

B23F13/06

Making worms of globoidal shape

B23F13/08

by grinding

B23F15/00

Methods or machines for making gear wheels of special kinds not covered by groups B23F7/00 - B23F13/00

B23F15/005

Making sprocket teeth

B23F15/02

Making gear teeth on wheels of varying radius of operation, e.g. on elliptical wheels

B23F15/04

Making fine-pitch gear teeth on clock wheels or the like by special machining

B23F15/06

Making gear teeth on the front surface of wheels, e.g. for clutches or couplings with toothed faces

B23F15/08

Making intermeshing rotors, e.g. of pumps

B23F17/00

Special methods or machines for making gear teeth, not covered by the preceding groups

B23F17/001

for making gear pairs

B23F17/003

for dry cutting

B23F17/005

for machining tooth fillet or tooth root

B23F17/006

using different machines or machining operations

B23F17/008

Features relating to transfer of work gears between different work stations

B23F19/00

Finishing gear teeth by other tools than those used for manufacturing gear teeth

B23F19/002

Modifying the theoretical tooth flank form, e.g. crowning B23F19/10 takes precedence

B23F19/005

using a face-mill-type tool, e.g. a milling or a grinding tool

B23F19/007

using a gear-shaped tool

B23F19/02

Lapping gear teeth

B23F19/025

Lapping bevel gears by making use of a correspondingly shaped counterpart

B23F19/04

Lapping spur gears by making use of a correspondingly shaped counterpart

B23F19/045

the counterpart having internal toothing

B23F19/05

Honing gear teeth

B23F19/052

by making use of a tool in the shape of a worm

B23F19/055

by making use of a tool in the shape of a bevel gear or a crown gear

B23F19/057

by making use of a tool in the shape of an internal gear

B23F19/06

Shaving the faces of gear teeth

B23F19/063

by making use of a tool in the shape of an internal gear

B23F19/066

with plural tools

B23F19/10

Chamfering the end edges of gear teeth

B23F19/101

by planing

B23F19/102

by milling

B23F19/104

the tool being a hob

B23F19/105

the tool being an end mill

B23F19/107

the tool being a fly cutter

B23F19/108

by brushing

B23F19/12

by grinding

B23F19/125

the tool being a grinding worm

B23F21/00

Tools specially adapted for use in machines for manufacturing gear teeth

B23F21/005

with plural tools on a common axis

B23F21/02

Grinding discs

Grinding worms truing grinding tools B24B; grinding tools in general B24D

B23F21/023

Face-mill-type, i.e. cup-shaped, grinding wheels

B23F21/026

Grinding worms

B23F21/03

Honing tools

B23F21/035

Honing worms

B23F21/04

Planing or slotting tools

B23F21/043

with inserted cutting elements

B23F21/046

in exchangeable arrangement

B23F21/06

having a profile which matches a gear tooth profile

B23F21/063

with inserted cutting elements

B23F21/066

in exchangeable arrangement

B23F21/08

having the same profile as a tooth or teeth of a rack

B23F21/083

with inserted cutting elements

B23F21/086

in exchangeable arrangement

B23F21/10

Gear-shaper cutters having a shape similar to a spur wheel or part thereof

B23F21/103

with inserted cutting elements

B23F21/106

in exchangeable arrangement

B23F21/12

Milling tools

B23F21/122

having a shape similar to that of a gear or part thereof, with cutting edges situated on the tooth contour lines

B23F21/124

with cutting teeth disposed on the inner periphery of a ring

B23F21/126

with inserted cutting elements

B23F21/128

in exchangeable arrangement

B23F21/14

Profile cutters of disc type

B23F21/143

with inserted cutting elements

B23F21/146

in exchangeable arrangement

B23F21/16

Hobs

B23F21/163

with inserted cutting elements

B23F21/166

in exchangeable arrangement

B23F21/18

Taper hobs, e.g. for bevel gears

B23F21/183

with inserted cutting elements

B23F21/186

in exchangeable arrangement

B23F21/20

Fly cutters

B23F21/203

with inserted cutting elements

B23F21/206

in exchangeable arrangement

B23F21/22

Face-mills for longitudinally-curved gear teeth

B23F21/223

with inserted cutting elements

B23F21/226

in exchangeable arrangement

B23F21/23

with cutter teeth arranged on a spiral curve for continuous generating processes

B23F21/233

with inserted cutting elements

B23F21/236

in exchangeable arrangement

B23F21/24

Broach-milling tools

B23F21/241

with inserted cutting elements

B23F21/243

in exchangeable arrangement

B23F21/245

Face broach mills

B23F21/246

with inserted cutting elements

B23F21/248

in exchangeable arrangement

B23F21/26

Broaching tools

B23F21/262

with inserted cutting elements B23F21/266 and B23F21/268 take precedence

B23F21/264

in exchangeable arrangement

B23F21/266

mounted on an endless chain or belt

B23F21/268

Pot broaches

B23F21/28

Shaving cutters

B23F21/282

with inserted cutting elements

B23F21/284

in exchangeable arrangement

B23F21/286

having the shape of an internal gear

B23F21/288

the cutting edges on consecutive teeth being helically arranged

B23F23/00

Accessories or equipment combined with or arranged in, or specially designed to form part of, gear-cutting machines tool-guiding mechanisms, see the relevant groups for making gear teeth; accessories or equipment not restricted to gear-cutting machines B23Q

B23F23/003

Generating mechanisms

B23F23/006

Equipment for synchronising movement of cutting tool and workpiece, the cutting tool and workpiece not being mechanically coupled

B23F23/02

Loading,

unloading

or chucking arrangements for workpieces

B23F23/04

or unloading

arrangements

B23F23/06

Chucking arrangements

B23F23/08

Index mechanisms

B23F23/085

of the continuous type

B23F23/10

Arrangements for compensating irregularities in drives or indexing mechanisms

B23F23/12

Other devices, e.g. tool holders

Checking devices for controlling workpieces in machines for manufacturing gear teeth

B23F23/1206

Tool mountings

B23F23/1212

using fluid pressure means

B23F23/1218

Checking devices for controlling workpieces in machines for manufacturing gear teeth

B23F23/1225

Arrangements of abrasive wheel dressing devices on gear-cutting machines dressing devices per se

B24B53/00

B23F23/1231

using a gear-shaped dressing tool

B23F23/1237

Tool holders

B23F23/1243

Hob holders

B23F23/125

Face mill holders

B23F23/1256

Rack cutter holders

B23F23/1262

Grinding disc holders; Disc-type milling-cutter holders

B23F23/1268

Face-mill-type grinding wheel holders

B23F23/1275

Grinding or honing worm holders

B23F23/1281

Honing, shaving or lapping tool holders

B23F23/1287

Pinion shaper cutter holders

B23F23/1293

Workpiece heads