A61B

DIAGNOSIS

SURGERY

IDENTIFICATION analysing biological material G01N, e.g. G01N33/48; obtaining records using waves other than optical waves, in general G03B42/00

This subclass covers instruments, implements and processes for diagnostic, surgical and person-identification purposes, including obstetrics, instruments for cutting corns, vaccination instruments, finger-printing, psycho-physical tests.

The following IPC groups are not in the CPC scheme. The subject matter for these IPC groups is classified in the following CPC groups:

A61B17/03

covered by

A61B17/00

A61B17/125

covered by

A61B17/122

A61B17/138

covered by

A61B17/12

A61B17/76

covered by

A61B17/744

A61B17/78

covered by

A61B17/744

A61B17/94

covered by

A61B17/29

In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.

A61B1/00

Diagnosis

Psycho-physical tests

A61B1/00

Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes examination of body cavities or body tracts using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves A61B8/12; endoscopic instruments for taking cell samples or for biopsy A61B10/04; for surgical purposes A61B17/00; endoscopic surgical

cutting

instruments

A61B17/32

; surgical instruments using a laser beam being directed along or through a flexible conduit A61B18/22

Illuminating arrangements therefor for the eyes A61B3/00

A61B1/00002

Operational features of endoscopes

A61B1/00004

characterised by electronic signal processing

A61B1/00006

of control signals

A61B1/00009

of image signals during a use of endoscope

Group A61B1/00009 is impacted by reclassification into groups A61B1/000094, A61B1/000095 and A61B1/000096.
All groups listed in this Warning should be considered in order to perform a complete search.

A61B1/000094

extracting biological structures

Group A61B1/000094 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group A61B1/00009.
Groups A61B1/00009 and A61B1/000094 should be considered in order to perform a complete search.

A61B1/000095

for image enhancement

Group A61B1/000095 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group A61B1/00009.
Groups A61B1/00009 and A61B1/000095 should be considered in order to perform a complete search.

A61B1/000096

using artificial intelligence

Group A61B1/000096 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group A61B1/00009.
Groups A61B1/00009 and A61B1/000096 should be considered in order to perform a complete search.

A61B1/00011

characterised by signal transmission

A61B1/00013

using optical means

A61B1/00016

using wireless means

A61B1/00018

using electrical cables

A61B1/0002

provided with data storages

A61B1/00022

removable

A61B1/00025

characterised by power management

A61B1/00027

characterised by power supply

A61B1/00029

externally powered, e.g. wireless

A61B1/00032

internally powered

A61B1/00034

rechargeable

A61B1/00036

Means for power saving, e.g. sleeping mode

A61B1/00039

provided with input arrangements for the user

Group A61B1/00039 is impacted by reclassification into groups A61B1/0004 and A61B1/00042.
Groups A61B1/00039, A61B1/0004 and A61B1/00042 should be considered in order to perform a complete search.

A61B1/0004

for electronic operation

Group A61B1/0004 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group A61B1/00039.
Groups A61B1/00039 and A61B1/0004 should be considered in order to perform a complete search.

A61B1/00042

for mechanical operation

Group A61B1/00042 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group A61B1/00039.
Groups A61B1/00039 and A61B1/00042 should be considered in order to perform a complete search.

A61B1/00043

provided with output arrangements

A61B1/00045

Display arrangement

A61B1/00048

Constructional features of the display

A61B1/0005

combining images e.g. side-by-side, superimposed or tiled

A61B1/00052

positioned at proximal end of the endoscope body

A61B1/00055

for alerting the user

A61B1/00057

provided with means for testing or calibration

A61B1/00059

provided with identification means for the endoscope

A61B1/00062

provided with means for preventing overuse

A61B1/00064

Constructional details of the endoscope body

A61B1/00066

Proximal part of endoscope body, e.g. handles A61B1/0052 takes precedence

A61B1/00068

Valve switch arrangements

A61B1/00071

Insertion part of the endoscope body A61B1/0055 takes precedence

A61B1/00073

with externally grooved shaft

A61B1/00075

with externally roughened shaft

A61B1/00078

with stiffening means

A61B1/0008

characterised by distal tip features

Group A61B1/0008 is impacted by reclassification into group A61B1/00097.
Groups A61B1/0008 and A61B1/00097 should be considered in order to perform a complete search.

A61B1/00082

Balloons

A61B1/00085

Baskets

A61B1/00087

Tools A61B17/00234 takes precedence

A61B1/00089

Hoods

A61B1/00091

Nozzles

A61B1/00094

Suction openings

A61B1/00096

Optical elements

A61B1/00097

Sensors

Group A61B1/00097 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group A61B1/0008.
Groups A61B1/0008 and A61B1/00097 should be considered in order to perform a complete search.

A61B1/00098

Deflecting means for inserted tools

A61B1/00101

the distal tip features being detachable

A61B1/00103

designed for single use

A61B1/00105

characterised by modular construction

A61B1/00108

characterised by self-sufficient functionality for stand-alone use

A61B1/0011

Manufacturing of endoscope parts

A61B1/00112

Connection or coupling means

A61B1/00114

Electrical cables in or with an endoscope

A61B1/00117

Optical cables in or with an endoscope

A61B1/00119

Tubes or pipes in or with an endoscope

A61B1/00121

Connectors, fasteners and adapters, e.g. on the endoscope handle

A61B1/00124

electrical, e.g. electrical plug-and-socket connection

A61B1/00126

optical, e.g. for light supply cables

A61B1/00128

mechanical, e.g. for tubes or pipes

A61B1/00131

Accessories for endoscopes

A61B1/00133

Drive units for endoscopic tools inserted through or with the endoscope

A61B1/00135

Oversleeves mounted on the endoscope prior to insertion

A61B1/00137

End pieces at either end of the endoscope, e.g. caps, seals or forceps plugs

A61B1/0014

Fastening element for attaching accessories to the outside of an endoscope, e.g. clips, clamps or bands

A61B1/00142

with means for preventing contamination, e.g. by using a sanitary sheath

A61B1/00144

Hygienic packaging

A61B1/00147

Holding or positioning arrangements

Group A61B1/00147 is impacted by reclassification into group A61B1/00148.
Groups A61B1/00147 and A61B1/00148 should be considered in order to perform a complete search.

A61B1/00148

using anchoring means

Group A61B1/00148 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group A61B1/00147.
Groups A61B1/00147 and A61B1/00148 should be considered in order to perform a complete search.

A61B1/00149

using articulated arms

A61B1/00151

using everted tubes

A61B1/00154

using guiding arrangements for insertion

A61B1/00156

using self propulsion

A61B1/00158

using magnetic field

A61B1/0016

using motor drive units

A61B1/00163

Optical arrangements A61B1/002, A61B1/06 take precedence

Group A61B1/00163 is impacted by reclassification into group A61B1/00194.
Groups A61B1/00163 and A61B1/00194 should be considered in order to perform a complete search.

A61B1/00165

with light-conductive means, e.g. fibre optics A61B1/07 takes precedence

A61B1/00167

Details of optical fibre bundles, e.g. shape or fibre distribution

A61B1/0017

Details of single optical fibres, e.g. material or cladding

A61B1/00172

with means for scanning

A61B1/00174

characterised by the viewing angles

A61B1/00177

for 90 degrees side-viewing

A61B1/00179

for off-axis viewing

A61B1/00181

for multiple fixed viewing angles A61B1/00193 takes precedence

A61B1/00183

for variable viewing angles

A61B1/00186

with imaging filters

A61B1/00188

with focusing or zooming features

A61B1/0019

characterised by variable lenses

A61B1/00193

adapted for stereoscopic vision

A61B1/00194

adapted for three-dimensional imaging

Group A61B1/00194 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group A61B1/00163.
Groups A61B1/00163 and A61B1/00194 should be considered in order to perform a complete search.

A61B1/00195

with eyepieces

A61B1/00197

characterised by multiple eyepieces

A61B1/002

having rod-lens arrangements A61B1/055 takes precedence

A61B1/005

Flexible endoscopes

Group A61B1/005 is impacted by reclassification into group A61B1/009.
Groups A61B1/005 and A61B1/009 should be considered in order to perform a complete search.

A61B1/0051

with controlled bending of insertion part

A61B1/0052

Constructional details of control elements, e.g. handles

A61B1/0053

using distributed actuators, e.g. artificial muscles

A61B1/0055

Constructional details of insertion parts, e.g. vertebral elements

A61B1/0056

the insertion parts being asymmetric, e.g. for unilateral bending mechanisms

A61B1/0057

Constructional details of force transmission elements, e.g. control wires

A61B1/0058

using shape-memory elements

A61B1/008

Articulations

A61B1/009

with bending or curvature detection of the insertion part

Group A61B1/009 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group A61B1/005.
Groups A61B1/005 and A61B1/009 should be considered in order to perform a complete search.

A61B1/01

Guiding arrangements therefore

A61B1/012

characterised by internal passages or accessories therefor

A61B1/0125

Endoscope within endoscope

A61B1/015

Control of fluid supply or evacuation

A61B1/018

for receiving instruments

A61B1/04

combined with photographic or television appliances

Group A61B1/04 is impacted by reclassification into groups A61B1/044 and A61B1/046.
Groups A61B1/04, A61B1/044 and A61B1/046 should be considered in order to perform a complete search.

A61B1/041

Capsule endoscopes for imaging

A61B1/042

characterised by a proximal camera, e.g. a CCD camera

A61B1/043

for fluorescence imaging

A61B1/044

for absorption imaging

Group A61B1/044 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group A61B1/04.
Groups A61B1/04 and A61B1/044 should be considered in order to perform a complete search.

A61B1/045

Control thereof

A61B1/046

for infrared imaging

Group A61B1/046 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group A61B1/04.
Groups A61B1/04 and A61B1/046 should be considered in order to perform a complete search.

A61B1/05

characterised by the image sensor, e.g. camera, being in the distal end portion

A61B1/051

Details of CCD assembly

A61B1/053

being detachable

A61B1/055

having rod-lens arrangements

A61B1/06

with illuminating arrangements

Group A61B1/06 is impacted by reclassification into groups A61B1/0605, A61B1/0625, A61B1/0627 and A61B1/0655.
All groups listed in this Warning should be considered in order to perform a complete search.

A61B1/0605

for spatially modulated illumination

Group A61B1/0605 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group A61B1/06.
Groups A61B1/06 and A61B1/0605 should be considered in order to perform a complete search.

A61B1/0607

for annular illumination

A61B1/0615

for radial illumination

A61B1/0623

for off-axis illumination

A61B1/0625

for multiple fixed illumination angles

Group A61B1/0625 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group A61B1/06.
Groups A61B1/06 and A61B1/0625 should be considered in order to perform a complete search.

A61B1/0627

for variable illumination angles

Group A61B1/0627 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group A61B1/06.
Groups A61B1/06 and A61B1/0627 should be considered in order to perform a complete search.

A61B1/063

for monochromatic or narrow-band illumination

A61B1/0638

providing two or more wavelengths

A61B1/0646

with illumination filters

A61B1/0653

with wavelength conversion

A61B1/0655

Control therefor

Group A61B1/0655 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group A61B1/06.
Groups A61B1/06 and A61B1/0655 should be considered in order to perform a complete search.

A61B1/0661

Endoscope light sources

A61B1/0669

at proximal end of an endoscope

A61B1/0676

at distal tip of an endoscope

A61B1/0684

using light emitting diodes [LED]

A61B1/0692

head mounted

A61B1/07

using light-conductive means, e.g. optical fibres

A61B1/12

with cooling or rinsing arrangements

A61B1/121

provided with means for cleaning post-use

A61B1/122

using cleaning tools, e.g. brushes

A61B1/123

using washing machines

A61B1/125

using fluid circuits

A61B1/126

provided with means for cleaning in-use

A61B1/127

with means for preventing fogging A61B1/253 takes precedence

A61B1/128

provided with means for regulating temperature

A61B1/227

for ears, i.e. otoscopes

A61B1/2275

with controlled air pressure

A61B1/233

for the nose, i.e. nasoscopes

, e.g. testing of patency of Eustachian tubes

A61B1/24

for the mouth, i.e. stomatoscopes, e.g. with tongue depressors tongue depressors per se

A61B13/00

Instruments for opening or keeping open the mouth combined with saliva removers A61C17/00; mouth openers for animals A61D15/00

A61B1/247

with means for viewing areas outside the direct line of sight, e.g. dentists' mirrors

A61B1/253

with means for preventing fogging

A61B1/267

for the respiratory tract, e.g. laryngoscopes, bronchoscopes

A61B1/2673

for monitoring movements of vocal chords

A61B1/2676

Bronchoscopes

A61B1/273

for the upper alimentary canal, e.g. oesophagoscopes, gastroscopes

A61B1/2733

Oesophagoscopes

A61B1/2736

Gastroscopes

A61B1/303

for the vagina, i.e. vaginoscopes

A61B1/307

for the urinary organs, e.g. urethroscopes, cystoscopes

A61B1/31

for the rectum, e.g. proctoscopes, sigmoidoscopes

, colonoscopes

A61B1/313

for introducing through surgical openings, e.g. laparoscopes

A61B1/3132

for laparoscopy

A61B1/3135

for examination of the epidural or the spinal space

A61B1/3137

for examination of the interior of blood vessels

A61B1/317

for bones or joints, e.g. osteoscopes, arthroscopes

A61B1/32

Devices for opening or enlarging the visual field, e.g. of a tube of the body dilators A61M29/00

A61B3/00

Apparatus for testing the eyes

Instruments for examining the eyes eye inspection using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves A61B8/10; devices for treatment of the eyes A61F9/00; exercisers for the eyes A61H5/00; optical systems in general G02B

A61B3/0008

provided with illuminating means A61B3/117 takes precedence; goniolenses used for laser treatment A61F9/009; illuminating means for optical instruments G02B27/00

A61B3/0016

Operational features thereof

A61B3/0025

characterised by electronic signal processing, e.g. eye models

A61B3/0033

characterised by user input arrangements

A61B3/0041

characterised by display arrangements

A61B3/005

Constructional features of the display

A61B3/0058

for multiple images

A61B3/0066

with identification means for the apparatus

A61B3/0075

provided with adjusting devices, e.g. operated by control lever manipulators B25J

A61B3/0083

provided with means for patient positioning

A61B3/0091

Fixation targets for viewing direction

A61B3/02

Subjective types, i.e. testing apparatus requiring the active assistance of the patient

A61B3/022

for testing contrast sensitivity

A61B3/024

for determining the visual field, e.g. perimeter types

A61B3/028

for testing visual acuity

for determination of refraction, e.g. phoropters

A61B3/0285

Phoropters

A61B3/032

Devices for presenting test symbols or characters, e.g. test chart projectors A61B3/036 takes precedence

A61B3/0325

provided with red and green targets

A61B3/036

for testing astigmatism

A61B3/04

Trial frames

Sets of lenses for use therewith lenses per se

G02C7/02

A61B3/06

for testing light sensitivity, e.g. adaptation

for testing colour vision

A61B3/063

for testing light sensitivity, i.e. adaptation

A61B3/066

for testing colour vision

A61B3/08

for testing binocular or stereoscopic vision, e.g. strabismus

A61B3/085

for testing strabismus

A61B3/09

for testing accommodation

A61B3/10

Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions

A61B3/1005

for measuring distances inside the eye, e.g. thickness of the cornea A61B3/11 takes precedence

A61B3/101

for examining the tear film

A61B3/1015

for wavefront analysis

A61B3/102

for optical coherence tomography [OCT]

A61B3/1025

for confocal scanning

A61B3/103

for determining refraction, e.g. refractometers, skiascopes

A61B3/1035

for measuring astigmatism testing astigmatism A61B3/036

A61B3/107

for determining the shape or measuring the curvature of the cornea

A61B3/11

for measuring interpupillary distance or diameter of pupils

A61B3/111

for measuring interpupillary distance

A61B3/112

for measuring diameter of pupils

A61B3/113

for determining or recording eye movement

A61B3/117

for examining the anterior chamber or the anterior chamber angle, e.g. gonioscopes

A61B3/1173

for examining the eye lens

A61B3/1176

for determining lens opacity, e.g. cataract

A61B3/12

for looking at the eye fundus, e.g. ophthalmoscopes A61B3/13 takes precedence

A61B3/1208

Multiple lens hand-held instruments

A61B3/1216

for diagnostics of the iris

A61B3/1225

using coherent radiation

A61B3/1233

for measuring blood flow, e.g. at the retina

A61B3/1241

specially adapted for observation of ocular blood flow, e.g. by fluorescein angiography

A61B3/125

with contact lenses contact lenses per se

G02C7/04

A61B3/13

Ophthalmic microscopes

A61B3/132

in binocular arrangement

A61B3/135

Slit-lamp microscopes

A61B3/14

Arrangements specially adapted for eye photography

apparatus or arrangements for taking photographs per se

G03B

A61B3/145

by video means

A61B3/15

with means for aligning, spacing or blocking spurious reflection

; with means for relaxing

A61B3/152

for aligning

A61B3/154

for spacing

A61B3/156

for blocking

A61B3/158

of corneal reflection

A61B3/16

for measuring intraocular pressure, e.g. tonometers

A61B3/165

Non-contacting tonometers

A61B3/18

Arrangement of plural eye-testing or -examining apparatus

A61B3/185

characterised by modular construction

A61B5/00

Measuring for diagnostic purposes radiation diagnosis A61B6/00; diagnosis by ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves A61B8/00

Identification of persons

In this group, the following term is used with the meaning indicated:
"measuring" covers also detecting or recording.

A61B5/0002

Remote monitoring of patients using telemetry, e.g. transmission of vital signals via a communication network A61B5/07 takes precedence; transmission systems for measured values G08C; transmission H04B; transmission of digital information H04L; wireless communication networks H04W

A61B5/0004

characterised by the type of physiological signal transmitted

A61B5/0006

ECG or EEG signals

A61B5/0008

Temperature signals

A61B5/0011

Foetal or obstetric data

A61B5/0013

Medical image data A61B1/00011, A61B6/56, A61B8/56 take precedence

A61B5/0015

characterised by features of the telemetry system

A61B5/0017

transmitting optical signals transmission by light H04B10/00

A61B5/002

Monitoring the patient using a local or closed circuit, e.g. in a room or building A61B5/0017 takes precedence

A61B5/0022

Monitoring a patient using a global network, e.g. telephone networks, internet

A61B5/0024

for multiple sensor units attached to the patient, e.g. using a body or personal area network

A61B5/0026

characterised by the transmission medium

A61B5/0028

Body tissue as transmission medium, i.e. transmission systems where the medium is the human body

A61B5/0031

Implanted circuitry

A61B5/0033

Features or image-related aspects of imaging apparatus classified in A61B5/00, e.g. for MRI, optical tomography or impedance tomography apparatus; arrangements of imaging apparatus in a room image data processing or generation G06T

A61B5/0035

adapted for acquisition of images from more than one imaging mode, e.g. combining MRI and optical tomography

A61B5/0036

including treatment, e.g., using an implantable medical device, ablating, ventilating

A61B5/0037

Performing a preliminary scan, e.g. a prescan for identifying a region of interest

A61B5/004

adapted for image acquisition of a particular organ or body part A61B5/0082 takes precedence; arrangements for optical scanning A61B5/0062

A61B5/0042

for the brain

A61B5/0044

for the heart

A61B5/0046

Arrangements of imaging apparatus in a room, e.g. room provided with shielding or for improved access to apparatus

A61B5/0048

Detecting, measuring or recording by applying mechanical forces or stimuli A61B5/021, A61B5/4884 and A61B9/00 take precedence

A61B5/0051

by applying vibrations

A61B5/0053

by applying pressure, e.g. compression, indentation, palpation, grasping, gauging

A61B5/0055

by applying suction

A61B5/0057

by applying motion other than vibrations, e.g. rolling, rubbing, applying a torque, tribometry

A61B5/0059

using light, e.g. diagnosis by transillumination, diascopy, fluorescence A61B5/0093, A61B5/1455, A61B5/02416 and A61B5/0261 take precedence

A61B5/0062

Arrangements for scanning

A61B5/0064

Body surface scanning

A61B5/0066

Optical coherence imaging

A61B5/0068

Confocal scanning

A61B5/0071

by measuring fluorescence emission

A61B5/0073

by tomography, i.e. reconstruction of 3D images from 2D projections A61B5/0066 takes precedence

A61B5/0075

by spectroscopy, i.e. measuring spectra, e.g. Raman spectroscopy, infrared absorption spectroscopy A61B5/0071 takes precedence

A61B5/0077

Devices for viewing the surface of the body, e.g. camera, magnifying lens

A61B5/0079

using mirrors, i.e. for self-examination

A61B5/0082

adapted for particular medical purposes

A61B5/0084

for introduction into the body, e.g. by catheters A61B5/1459 takes precedence

A61B5/0086

using infra-red radiation

A61B5/0088

for oral or dental tissue

A61B5/0091

for mammography

A61B5/0093

Detecting, measuring or recording by applying one single type of energy and measuring its conversion into another type of energy

A61B5/0095

by applying light and detecting acoustic waves, i.e. photoacoustic measurements

A61B5/0097

by applying acoustic waves and detecting light, i.e. acoustooptic measurements

A61B5/01

Measuring temperature of body parts

; Diagnostic temperature sensing, e.g. for malignant or inflamed tissue

clinical contact thermometers G01K13/20

A61B5/015

By temperature mapping of body part

A61B5/02

Detecting, measuring or recording pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow

Combined pulse/heart-rate/blood pressure determination

Evaluating a cardiovascular condition not otherwise provided for, e.g. using combinations of techniques provided for in this group with electrocardiography or electroauscultation

Heart catheters for measuring blood pressure

A61B5/02007

Evaluating blood vessel condition, e.g. elasticity, compliance

A61B5/02014

Determining aneurysm

A61B5/02021

Determining capillary fragility

A61B5/02028

Determining haemodynamic parameters not otherwise provided for, e.g. cardiac contractility or left ventricular ejection fraction

A61B5/02035

Determining blood viscosity

A61B5/02042

Determining blood loss or bleeding, e.g. during a surgical procedure

A61B5/0205

Simultaneously evaluating both cardiovascular conditions and different types of body conditions, e.g. heart and respiratory condition

A61B5/02055

Simultaneously evaluating both cardiovascular condition and temperature

A61B5/021

Measuring pressure in heart or blood vessels A61B5/0205 takes precedence

A61B5/02108

from analysis of pulse wave characteristics

A61B5/02116

of pulse wave amplitude A61B5/02225 takes precedence

A61B5/02125

of pulse wave propagation time

A61B5/02133

by using induced vibration of the blood vessel

A61B5/02141

Details of apparatus construction, e.g. pump units or housings therefor, cuff pressurising systems, arrangements of fluid conduits or circuits A61B5/02233, A61B5/0235 take precedence

A61B5/0215

by means inserted into the body catheters A61M25/00

A61B5/02152

specially adapted for venous pressure

A61B5/02154

by optical transmission

A61B5/02156

Calibration means

A61B5/02158

provided with two or more sensor elements

A61B5/022

by applying pressure to close blood vessels, e.g. against the skin

Ophthalmodynamometers

A61B5/02208

using the Korotkoff method

A61B5/02216

Ophthalmodynamometers

A61B5/02225

using the oscillometric method

A61B5/02233

Occluders specially adapted therefor tourniquets A61B17/132

A61B5/02241

of small dimensions, e.g. adapted to fingers

A61B5/0225

the pressure being controlled by electric signals, e.g. derived from Korotkoff sounds

A61B5/02255

the pressure being controlled by plethysmographic signals, e.g. derived from optical sensors

A61B5/023

the pressure transducers comprising a liquid column

A61B5/0235

Valves specially adapted therefor

A61B5/024

Detecting, measuring or recording pulse rate or heart rate A61B5/0205, A61B5/021 take precedence

A61B5/02405

Determining heart rate variability

A61B5/02411

of foetuses

A61B5/02416

using photoplethysmograph signals, e.g. generated by infra-red radiation A61B5/14552 takes precedence

A61B5/02422

within occluders

A61B5/02427

Details of sensor

A61B5/02433

for infra-red radiation

A61B5/02438

with portable devices, e.g. worn by the patient

A61B5/02444

Details of sensor A61B5/02427 takes precedence

A61B5/0245

by using sensing means generating electric signals,

i.e. ECG signals

A61B5/02455

provided with high/low alarm devices

A61B5/025

within occluders, e.g. responsive to Korotkoff sounds electric stethoscopes A61B7/04

A61B5/0255

Recording instruments specially adapted therefor

A61B5/026

Measuring blood flow

A61B3/1233, A61B3/1241 take precedence

A61B5/0261

using optical means, e.g. infra-red light

A61B5/0263

using NMR

A61B5/0265

using electromagnetic means, e.g. electromagnetic flowmeter

A61B5/027

using catheters

A61B5/0275

using tracers, e.g. dye dilution

A61B5/02755

Radioactive tracers

A61B5/028

by thermo-dilution

A61B5/0285

Measuring or recording phase velocity of blood waves

A61B5/029

Measuring or recording blood output from the heart, e.g. minute volume

A61B8/065 takes precedence

A61B5/0295

using plethysmography, i.e. measuring the variations in the volume of a body part as modified by the circulation of blood therethrough, e.g. impedance plethysmography

Group A61B5/0295 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group A61B5/0535. Groups A61B5/0535 and A61B5/0295 should be considered in order to perform a complete search.

A61B5/03

Detecting, measuring or recording fluid pressure within the body other than blood pressure, e.g. cerebral pressure;

Measuring pressure in body tissues or organs A61B5/205 takes precedence

A61B5/031

Intracranial pressure

A61B5/032

Spinal fluid pressure

A61B5/033

Uterine pressure

A61B5/035

Intra-uterine probes therefor

A61B5/036

by means introduced into body tracts A61B5/032 and A61B5/035 take precedence

A61B5/037

Measuring oesophageal pressure

A61B5/038

Measuring oral pressure

A61B5/05

Detecting, measuring or recording for diagnosis by means of electric currents or magnetic fields

Measuring using microwaves or radio waves impedance plethysmography A61B5/0295; measuring movement of the entire body or parts thereof A61B5/11; detecting, measuring or recording bioelectric or biomagnetic signals of the body or parts thereof A61B5/24

A61B5/0507

using microwaves or terahertz waves

A61B5/0515

Magnetic particle imaging

A61B5/0522

Magnetic induction tomography

A61B5/053

Measuring electrical impedance or conductance of a portion of the body

A61B5/0531

Measuring skin impedance

A61B5/0532

specially adapted for acupuncture or moxibustion

A61B5/0533

Measuring galvanic skin response

A61B5/0534

for testing vitality of teeth

A61B5/0535

Impedance plethysmography for measuring blood flow A61B5/0295

Group A61B5/0535 is impacted by reclassification into group A61B5/0295.
Groups A61B5/0535 and A61B5/0295 should be considered in order to perform a complete search.

A61B5/0536

Impedance imaging, e.g. by tomography

A61B5/0537

Measuring body composition by impedance, e.g. tissue hydration or fat content

A61B5/0538

invasively, e.g. using a catheter

A61B5/055

involving electronic [EMR] or nuclear [NMR] magnetic resonance, e.g. magnetic resonance imaging

Group A61B5/055 is impacted by reclassification into groups A61B5/70, A61B5/702, A61B5/704, A61B5/706 and A61B5/708.
All groups listed in this Warning should be considered in order to perform a complete search.

A61B5/06

Devices, other than using radiation, for detecting or locating foreign bodies for removing same A61B17/50

; determining position of probes within or on the body of the patient

A61B5/061

Determining position of a probe within the body employing means separate from the probe, e.g. sensing internal probe position employing impedance electrodes on the surface of the body A61B1/00158 takes precedence

A61B5/062

using magnetic field

A61B5/063

using impedance measurements

A61B5/064

using markers A61B5/062 takes precedence

A61B5/065

Determining position of the probe employing exclusively positioning means located on or in the probe, e.g. using position sensors arranged on the probe

A61B5/066

Superposing sensor position on an image of the patient, e.g. obtained by ultrasound or x-ray imaging

A61B5/067

using accelerometers or gyroscopes

A61B5/068

using impedance sensors

A61B5/07

Endoradiosondes

A61B5/073

Intestinal transmitters

A61B5/076

Permanent implantations telemetry using implanted circuitry A61B5/0031; implanted stimulators for therapy A61N1/3605, A61N1/362, A61N1/372

A61B5/08

Detecting, measuring or recording devices for evaluating the respiratory organs A61B5/0205 takes precedence

A61B5/0803

Recording apparatus specially adapted therefor

A61B5/0806

by whole-body plethysmography measuring blood flow using plethysmography A61B5/0295; impedance plethysmography A61B5/053; measuring volume of the body or parts thereof A61B5/1073

A61B5/0809

by impedance pneumography

A61B5/0813

Measurement of pulmonary parameters by tracers, e.g. radioactive tracers

A61B5/0816

Measuring devices for examining respiratory frequency measuring frequency of electric signals G01R23/00

A61B5/082

Evaluation by breath analysis, e.g. determination of the chemical composition of exhaled breath A61B5/083, A61B5/091 take precedence

A61B5/0823

Detecting or evaluating cough events

A61B5/0826

Detecting or evaluating apnoea events A61B5/4818 takes precedence

A61B5/083

Measuring rate of metabolism by using breath test, e.g. measuring rate of oxygen consumption

A61B5/0833

Measuring rate of oxygen consumption

A61B5/0836

Measuring rate of CO₂ production

A61B5/085

Measuring impedance of respiratory organs or lung elasticity

A61B5/087

Measuring breath flow

A61B5/0871

Peak expiratory flowmeters

A61B5/0873

using optical means

A61B5/0875

using means carried by the fluid stream, e.g. free floating balls

A61B5/0876

using means deflected by the fluid stream, e.g. flaps

A61B5/0878

using temperature sensing means

A61B5/09

using an element rotated by the flow

toys actuated by air current A63H33/40

A61B5/091

Measuring volume of inspired or expired gases, e.g. to determine lung capacity

A61B5/093

the gases being exhaled into, or inhaled from, an expansible chamber, e.g. bellows or expansible bag

A61B5/0935

Recording apparatus specially adapted therefor

A61B5/095

within a rigid container, e.g. the boundary being formed by a liquid surface

A61B5/097

Devices for facilitating collection of breath or for directing breath into or through measuring devices

A61B5/103

Detecting, measuring or recording devices for testing the shape, pattern,

colour,

size or movement of the body or parts thereof, for diagnostic purposes A61B5/08 takes precedence; measuring aids for tailors A41H1/00; measuring instruments specially adapted for dentistry A61C19/04

A61B5/1032

Determining colour for diagnostic purposes measuring colour in general G01J3/46

A61B5/1034

by means of colour cards

A61B5/1036

Measuring load distribution, e.g. podologic studies

A61B5/1038

Measuring plantar pressure during gait

A61B5/107

Measuring physical dimensions, e.g. size of the entire body or parts thereof

A61B5/1071

measuring angles, e.g. using goniometers A61B5/1123 takes precedence

A61B5/1072

measuring distances on the body, e.g. measuring length, height or thickness A61B5/1076 takes precedence

A61B5/1073

Measuring volume, e.g. of limbs

A61B5/1074

Foot measuring devices

A61B5/1075

for measuring dimensions by non-invasive methods, e.g. for determining thickness of tissue layer A61B8/0858 takes precedence

A61B5/1076

for measuring dimensions inside body cavities, e.g. using catheters A61B3/1005 takes precedence

A61B5/1077

Measuring of profiles

A61B5/1078

by moulding

A61B5/1079

using optical or photographic means

A61B5/11

Measuring movement of the entire body or parts thereof, e.g. head or hand tremor, mobility of a limb for measuring pulse A61B5/02

;A61B5/1038 takes precedence; motion detection to correct for motion artifacts in physiological signals A61B5/721

A61B5/1101

Detecting tremor

A61B5/1102

Ballistocardiography

A61B5/1103

Detecting eye twinkling

A61B5/1104

induced by stimuli or drugs; A61B5/1102 takes precedence; investigating medicinal preparations G01N33/15

A61B5/1105

of laboratory animals, e.g. activity

A61B5/1106

to assess neuromuscular blockade, e.g. to estimate depth of anaesthesia

A61B5/1107

Measuring contraction of parts of the body, e.g. organ, muscle apparatus for measuring work or force in general G01L

A61B5/1108

of excised organs, e.g. muscle preparations

A61B5/1109

of wounds, e.g. at the operation site

A61B5/1111

Detecting tooth mobility

A61B5/1112

Global tracking of patients, e.g. by using GPS

A61B5/1113

Local tracking of patients, e.g. in a hospital or private home

A61B5/1114

Tracking parts of the body

A61B5/1115

Monitoring leaving of a patient support, e.g. a bed or a wheelchair

A61B5/1116

Determining posture transitions

A61B5/1117

Fall detection

A61B5/1118

Determining activity level

A61B5/112

Gait analysis

A61B5/1121

Determining geometric values, e.g. centre of rotation or angular range of movement

A61B5/1122

of movement trajectories

A61B5/1123

Discriminating type of movement, e.g. walking or running A61B5/1116, A61B5/112 take precedence

A61B5/1124

Determining motor skills

A61B5/1125

Grasping motions of hands

A61B5/1126

using a particular sensing technique

A61B5/1127

using markers

A61B5/1128

using image analysis A61B5/1127 takes precedence

A61B5/113

occurring during breathing

A61B5/1135

by monitoring thoracic expansion

A61B5/117

Identification of persons methods or arrangements for recognising patterns, e.g. fingerprints, G06F18/00, G06V40/00; identification of persons by analysing their voice or speech G10L17/00

A61B5/1171

based on the shapes or appearances of their bodies or parts thereof

A61B5/1172

using fingerprinting

A61B5/1174

using footprinting

A61B5/1176

Recognition of faces

A61B5/1178

using dental data

A61B5/12

Audiometering

A61B5/121

evaluating hearing capacity

A61B5/123

subjective methods

A61B5/125

objective methods

A61B5/126

measuring compliance or mechanical impedance of the tympanic membrane

A61B5/128

evaluating tinnitus

A61B5/14

Devices for taking samples of blood hypodermic syringes A61M5/00; Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration within the blood, pH-value of blood measuring of blood pressure A61B5/02; non-radiation detecting or locating of foreign bodies in blood A61B5/06

This group and its subgroups are no longer used for the classification of new documents as from April 1st, 2010. The backlog of these group is being continuously reclassified to A61B5/15 and subgroups

A61B5/1405

Devices for taking blood samples devices for taking samples of other body liquids A61B10/0045

A61B5/1411

by percutaneous method, e.g. by lancet

A61B5/1416

by syringes containing more than one piston medical syringes in general A61M5/178

A61B5/1422

provided with indicating means, e.g. for vein entry

A61B5/1427

Multiple blood sampling, e.g. at periodic or pre-established intervals

A61B5/1433

provided with locking means details of syringes A61M5/315

A61B5/1438

using pre-evacuated means

A61B5/1444

Safety means, e.g. for locking cannula removing or disposing of used needles or syringes A61M5/3205

A61B5/145

Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value;

Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue

measuring of blood pressure or blood flow A61B5/02; non-radiation detecting or locating of foreign bodies in blood A61B5/06

A61B5/14503

invasive, e.g. introduced into the body by a catheter or needle or using implanted sensors A61B5/1459, A61B5/1464, A61B5/1473, A61B5/1482, A61B5/14865 take precedence

A61B5/14507

specially adapted for measuring characteristics of body fluids other than blood devices for taking samples of body liquids A61B10/0045

A61B5/1451

for interstitial fluid

A61B5/14514

using means for aiding extraction of interstitial fluid, e.g. microneedles or suction

A61B5/14517

for sweat

A61B5/14521

using means for promoting sweat production, e.g. heating the skin measuring sweat secretion A61B5/4266

A61B5/14525

using microdialysis

A61B5/14528

invasively

A61B5/14532

for measuring glucose, e.g. by tissue impedance measurement

A61B5/14535

for measuring haematocrit

A61B5/14539

for measuring pH

A61B5/14542

for measuring blood gases A61B5/14551 takes precedence

A61B5/14546

for measuring analytes not otherwise provided for, e.g. ions, cytochromes

A61B5/1455

using optical sensors, e.g. spectral photometrical oximeters

A61B5/14551

for measuring blood gases

A61B5/14552

Details of sensors specially adapted therefor

A61B5/14553

specially adapted for cerebral tissue

A61B5/14555

specially adapted for the eye fundus

A61B5/14556

by fluorescence A61B5/14555 takes precedence

A61B5/14557

specially adapted to extracorporeal circuits

A61B5/14558

by polarisation

A61B5/1459

invasive, e.g. introduced into the body by a catheter

A61B5/1464 takes precedence

A61B5/1464

specially adapted for foetal tissue

A61B5/1468

using chemical or electrochemical methods, e.g. by polarographic means

A61B5/1486 takes precedence

A61B5/1473

invasive, e.g. introduced into the body by a catheter

A61B5/1482 takes precedence

A61B5/14735

comprising an immobilised reagent

A61B5/1477

non-invasive

A61B5/1482

specially adapted for foetal tissue

A61B5/1486

using enzyme electrodes, e.g. with immobilised oxidase

A61B5/14865

invasive, e.g. introduced into the body by a catheter or needle or using implanted sensors

A61B5/1491

Heated applicators

A61B5/1495

Calibrating or testing of in-vivo probes

A61B5/15

Devices for taking samples of blood hypodermic syringes A61M5/178

In these subgroups, the following terms are used with the meaning indicated:

"piercing element" means skin penetrating component e.g. blade, needle, lancet, laser beam;

"piercing or lancing device" means device ready to be used for lancing;

"driving device" means device for driving a piercing element e.g. spring

This group and its subgroups are not complete pending a reorganisation. See also A61B5/14, A61B5/1405 and subgroups

A61B5/150007

Details

A61B5/150015

Source of blood

A61B5/150022

for capillary blood or interstitial fluid

A61B5/15003

for venous or arterial blood

A61B5/150038

for blood from umbilical cord

A61B5/150045

for blood from vagina, placenta, colon or mouth

A61B5/150053

for enhanced collection of blood or interstitial fluid at the sample site, e.g. by applying compression, heat, vibration, ultrasound, suction or vacuum to tissue; for reduction of pain or discomfort; Skin piercing elements, e.g. blades, needles, lancets or canulas, with adjustable piercing speed

A61B5/150061

Means for enhancing collection

A61B5/150068

by tissue compression, e.g. with specially designed surface of device contacting the skin area to be pierced

A61B5/150076

by heating

A61B5/150083

by vibration, e.g. ultrasound

A61B5/150091

by electricity

A61B5/150099

by negative pressure, other than vacuum extraction into a syringe by pulling on the piston rod or into pre-evacuated tubes

A61B5/150106

Means for reducing pain or discomfort applied before puncturing; desensitising the skin at the location where body is to be pierced

A61B5/150114

by tissue compression, e.g. with specially designed surface of device contacting the skin area to be pierced

A61B5/150122

by heating

A61B5/150129

by cooling

A61B5/150137

by vibration enhancing collection by vibration A61B5/150175

A61B5/150145

by negative pressure, e.g. suction, vacuum

A61B5/150152

by an adequate mechanical impact on the puncturing location

A61B5/15016

by accessories for bringing the piercing element into the body, e.g. through rotation of the piercing element

A61B5/150167

Adjustable piercing speed of skin piercing element, e.g. blade, needle, lancet or canula, for example with varying spring force or pneumatic drive

A61B5/150175

Adjustment of penetration depth

A61B5/150183

Depth adjustment mechanism using end caps mounted at the distal end of the sampling device, i.e. the end-caps are adjustably positioned relative to the piercing device housing for example by rotating or screwing

A61B5/15019

Depth adjustment mechanism using movable stops located inside the piercing device housing and limiting the travel of the drive mechanism mechanisms using distal end caps A61B5/150183, mechanisms at the piercing element carrier proximal end A61B5/150198

A61B5/150198

Depth adjustment mechanism at the proximal end of the carrier of the piercing element

A61B5/150206

Construction or design features not otherwise provided for; manufacturing or production; packages; sterilisation of piercing element, piercing device or sampling device

A61B5/150213

Venting means

A61B5/150221

Valves

A61B5/150229

Pumps for assisting the blood sampling

A61B5/150236

Pistons, i.e. cylindrical bodies that sit inside the syringe barrel, typically with an air tight seal, and slide in the barrel to create a vacuum or to expel blood

A61B5/150244

Rods for actuating or driving the piston, i.e. the cylindrical body that sits inside the syringe barrel, typically with an air tight seal, and slides in the barrel to create a vacuum or to expel blood

A61B5/150251

Collection chamber divided into at least two compartments, e.g. for division of samples injection syringes having more than one chamber A61M5/19; syringes for injection of two or more media A61M5/2448, A61M5/284; sample preparation for further analysis A61B5/150755

A61B5/150259

Improved gripping, e.g. with high friction pattern or projections on the housing surface or an ergonometric shape

A61B5/150267

Modular design or construction, i.e. subunits are assembled separately before being joined together or the device comprises interchangeable or detachable modules

A61B5/150274

Manufacture or production processes or steps for blood sampling devices

A61B5/150282

for piercing elements, e.g. blade, lancet, canula, needle

A61B5/15029

for driving devices, i.e. means for driving the piercing element

A61B5/150297

for piercing devices, i.e. devices ready to be used for lancing or piercing for piercing elements A61B5/150282, for driving devices A61B5/15029

A61B5/150305

Packages specially adapted for piercing devices or blood sampling devices kits for diabetes A61M5/003; packaging in general B65D

A61B5/150312

Sterilisation of piercing elements, piercing devices or sampling devices piercing element stocking means, e.g. cartridges, A61B5/15176

A61B5/15032

by heating

A61B5/150328

by aseptic fluid

A61B5/150335

by radiation

A61B5/150343

Collection vessels for collecting blood samples from the skin surface, e.g. test tubes, cuvettes sampling from within body cavities A61B5/150015, A61B5/150045

A61B5/150351

Caps, stoppers or lids for sealing or closing a blood collection vessel or container, e.g. a test-tube or syringe barrel caps for bottles or containers in general B65D41/00

A61B5/150358

Strips for collecting blood, e.g. absorbent optical reagent test strips G01N21/8483; chemical reagent test strips G01N33/4875, G01N33/52

A61B5/150366

Blood collection bags, e.g. connected to the patient by a catheter comprising means for removing a small sample of collected blood from the bag collection bags as such A61J1/05, A61M1/0209

A61B5/150374

Details of piercing elements or protective means for preventing accidental injuries by such piercing elements double-ended hollow needles A61B5/150473, A61B5/150389; single-ended hollow needles A61B5/150503, A61B5/150389

A61B5/150381

Design of piercing elements

A61B5/150389

Hollow piercing elements, e.g. canulas, needles, for piercing the skin

A61B5/150396

Specific tip design, e.g. for improved penetration characteristics

A61B5/150404

Specific design of proximal end

A61B5/150412

Pointed piercing elements, e.g. needles, lancets for piercing the skin blade-like piercing elements A61B5/150442

A61B5/150419

comprising means for capillary action

A61B5/150427

Specific tip design, e.g. for improved penetration characteristics

A61B5/150435

Specific design of proximal end

A61B5/150442

Blade-like piercing elements, e.g. blades, cutters, knives, for cutting the skin

A61B5/15045

comprising means for capillary action

A61B5/150458

Specific blade design, e.g. for improved cutting and penetration characteristics

A61B5/150465

Specific design of proximal end

A61B5/150473

Double-ended needles, e.g. used with pre-evacuated sampling tubes hollow piercing element tip design A61B5/150396; needle sets for catheters A61M25/06; needles for bringing media into the body A61M5/32

A61B5/15048

Details of construction of proximal end

A61B5/150488

Details of construction of shaft

A61B5/150496

Details of construction of hub, i.e. element used to attach the double-ended needle to a piercing device or sampling device

A61B5/150503

Single-ended needles hollow piercing element tip design A61B5/150396, needle sets for catheters A61M25/06, needles for bringing media into the body A61M5/32

A61B5/150511

Details of construction of shaft

A61B5/150519

Details of construction of hub, i.e. element used to attach the single-ended needle to a piercing device or sampling device

A61B5/150526

Curved or bent needles

A61B5/150534

Design of protective means for piercing elements for preventing accidental needle sticks, e.g. shields, caps, protectors, axially extensible sleeves, pivotable protective sleeves

A61B5/150541

Breakable protectors, e.g. caps, shields or sleeves, i.e. protectors separated destructively, e.g. by breaking a connecting area

A61B5/150549

Protectors removed by rotational movement, e.g. torsion or screwing

A61B5/150557

Protectors removed by bending

A61B5/150564

Protectors removed by pulling or pushing

A61B5/150572

Pierceable protectors, e.g. shields, caps, sleeves or films, e.g. for hygienic purposes

A61B5/15058

Joining techniques used for protective means

A61B5/150587

by friction fit

A61B5/150595

by snap-lock (i.e. based on axial displacement)

A61B5/150603

by rotation, e.g. bayonet or screw

A61B5/15061

by material engagement, e.g. welding, bonding

A61B5/150618

Integrally moulded protectors, e.g. protectors simultaneously moulded together with a further component, e.g. a hub, of the piercing element

A61B5/150625

by using additional parts, e.g. clamping rings or collets

A61B5/150633

Protective sleeves which are axially extensible, e.g. sleeves connected to, or integrated in, the piercing or driving device; pivotable protective sleeves

A61B5/150641

comprising means to impede repositioning of protection sleeve from covering to uncovering position

A61B5/150648

fully automatically triggered, i.e. the triggering of the protective sleeve does not require a deliberate action by the user such as terminating the contact with the patient's skin

A61B5/150656

semi-automatically triggered, i.e. in which the triggering of the protective sleeve requires a deliberate action by the user, e.g. manual release of spring-biased extension means

A61B5/150664

Pivotable protective sleeves, i.e. sleeves connected to, or integrated in, the piercing or driving device, and which are pivoted for covering or uncovering the piercing element

A61B5/150671

comprising means to impede repositioning of protection sleeve from covering to uncovering position

A61B5/150679

fully automatically triggered, i.e. the triggering of the pivotable protective sleeve does not require a deliberate action by the user such as terminating the contact with the patient's skin

A61B5/150687

semi-automatically triggered, i.e. in which the triggering of the pivotable protective sleeve requires a deliberate action by the user such as manual release of spring-biased extension means

A61B5/150694

Procedure for removing protection means at the time of piercing

A61B5/150702

fully automatically removed, i.e. the removing does not require any action by the user

A61B5/150709

semi-automatically removed, i.e. before puncturing the protection is removed by a mechanism initiated by a deliberate action by the user, such as pressing a button

A61B5/150717

manually removed

A61B5/150725

removal procedure linked to further actions, e.g. cocking of the piercing device, which indicate that the piercing device is used or tempered

A61B5/150732

Needle holders, for instance for holding the needle by the hub, used for example with double-ended needle and pre-evacuated tube,

A61B5/15074

Needle sets comprising wings, e.g. butterfly type, for ease of handling

A61B5/150748

Having means for aiding positioning of the piercing device at a location where the body is to be pierced means for aiding positioning of devices for bringing media into the body A61M5/427, locating blood vessels A61B5/489

A61B5/150755

Blood sample preparation for further analysis, e.g. by separating blood components or by mixing

A61B5/150763

with identification means identification means for surgical instruments A61B90/90

A61B5/15077

characterized by physical shape

A61B5/150778

having complementary physical shapes for indexing or registration purposes

A61B5/150786

Optical identification systems, e.g. bar codes, colour codes

A61B5/150793

Electrical or magnetic identification means

A61B5/150801

Means for facilitating use, e.g. by people with impaired vision; means for indicating when used correctly or incorrectly; means for alarming

A61B5/150809

by audible feedback

A61B5/150816

by tactile feedback, e.g. vibration

A61B5/150824

by visual feedback

A61B5/150832

by topography of the surface, e.g. Braille, embossed printing

A61B5/150839

Aesthetic features, e.g. distraction means to prevent fears of child patients

A61B5/150847

Communication to or from blood sampling device transmitting measured data A61B5/0002

A61B5/150854

long distance, e.g. between patient's home and doctor's office

A61B5/150862

intermediate range, e.g. within room or building

A61B5/15087

short range, e.g. between console and disposable using implanted devices A61B5/150877

A61B5/150877

with implanted devices

A61B5/150885

Preventing re-use

A61B5/150893

by indicating if used, tampered with, unsterile or defective

A61B5/1509

by disrupting a seal, e.g. puncturing a piston seal

A61B5/150908

by disconnecting components, e.g. breaking or rupturing of connected parts, e.g. piston and rod

A61B5/150916

by blocking components, e.g. piston, driving device or fluid passageway

A61B5/150923

by means for destroying components or parts, e.g. by cutting or piercing

A61B5/150931

by including soluble parts

A61B5/150938

by blunting or disabling needle

A61B5/150946

Means for varying, regulating, indicating or limiting the speed or time of blood collection

A61B5/150954

Means for the detection of operative contact with patient, e.g. by temperature sensitive sensor

A61B5/150961

Means for the detection of the presence or absence of a module, a component or an abnormal condition; detection of leaks

A61B5/150969

Low-profile devices which resemble patches or plasters, e.g. also allowing collection of blood samples for testing

A61B5/150977

Arrays of piercing elements for simultaneous piercing

A61B5/150984

Microneedles or microblades

A61B5/150992

Blood sampling from a fluid line external to a patient, such as a catheter line, combined with an infusion line; blood sampling from indwelling needle sets, e.g. sealable ports, luer couplings, valves tubing connectors and couplings A61M39/00

A61B5/151

Devices

specially adapted for taking samples of capillary blood, e.g. by lancets

, needles or blades

A61B5/15101

Details

A61B5/15103

Piercing procedure

A61B5/15105

Purely manual piercing, i.e. the user pierces the skin without the assistance of any driving means or driving devices

A61B5/15107

Piercing being assisted by a triggering mechanism

A61B5/15109

Fully automatically triggered, i.e. the triggering does not require a deliberate action by the user, e.g. by contact with the patient's skin

A61B5/15111

Semi-automatically triggered, e.g. at the end of the cocking procedure, for instance by biasing the main drive spring or when reaching sufficient contact pressure, the piercing device is automatically triggered without any deliberate action by the user

A61B5/15113

Manually triggered, i.e. the triggering requires a deliberate action by the user such as pressing a drive button

A61B5/15115

Driving means for propelling the piercing element to pierce the skin, e.g. comprising mechanisms based on shape memory alloys, magnetism, solenoids, piezoelectric effect, biased elements, resilient elements, vacuum or compressed fluids

A61B5/15117

comprising biased elements, resilient elements or a spring, e.g. a helical spring, leaf spring, or elastic strap

A61B5/15119

comprising shape memory alloys

A61B5/15121

comprising piezos

A61B5/15123

comprising magnets or solenoids

A61B5/15125

comprising a vacuum or compressed fluids

A61B5/15126

Means for controlling the lancing movement, e.g. 2D- or 3D-shaped elements, tooth-shaped elements or sliding guides

A61B5/15128

comprising 2D- or 3D-shaped elements, e.g. cams, curved guide rails or threads comprising tooth-shaped elements A61B5/15132

A61B5/1513

comprising linear sliding guides comprising tooth-shaped elements A61B5/15132

A61B5/15132

comprising tooth-shaped elements, e.g. toothed wheel or rack and pinion

A61B5/15134

Bladeless capillary blood sampling devices, i.e. devices for perforating the skin in order to obtain a blood sample but not using a blade, needle, canula, or lancet, e.g. by laser perforation, suction or pressurized fluids

A61B5/15136

by use of radiation, e.g. laser

A61B5/15138

provided with means to ensure the protection of the user, e.g. to avoid laser light entering the eyes of a user

A61B5/1514

by use of gaseous agents, e.g. using suction aspiration or pressurized gas

A61B5/15142

Devices intended for single use, i.e. disposable

A61B5/15144

comprising driving means, e.g. a spring, for retracting the piercing unit into the housing

A61B5/15146

Devices loaded with multiple lancets simultaneously, e.g. for serial firing without reloading, for example by use of stocking means. multiple simultaneous cutting or piercing A61B5/150977

A61B5/15148

Constructional features of stocking means, e.g. strip, roll, disc, cartridge, belt or tube

A61B5/15149

Arrangement of piercing elements relative to each other

A61B5/15151

Each piercing element being stocked in a separate isolated compartment

A61B5/15153

Multiple piercing elements stocked in a single compartment

A61B5/15155

Piercing elements which are specially shaped or are provided with fittings or attachments to facilitate nesting, stacking or joining together end-to-end or side-by-side

A61B5/15157

Geometry of stocking means or arrangement of piercing elements therein

A61B5/15159

Piercing elements stocked in or on a disc

A61B5/15161

Characterized by propelling the piercing element in a radial direction relative to the disc

A61B5/15163

Characterized by propelling the piercing element in an axial direction relative to the disc

A61B5/15165

Piercing elements stocked in or on a strip

A61B5/15167

Characterized by a folded strip

A61B5/15169

Characterized by a rolled strip

A61B5/15171

Characterized by propelling the piercing element perpendicular to the direction of movement of the strip

A61B5/15173

Characterized by propelling the piercing element parallel to the direction of movement of the strip

A61B5/15174

Piercing elements stocked in the form of a stack or pile

A61B5/15176

Stocking means comprising cap, cover, sheath or protection for aseptic stocking

A61B5/15178

Stocking means comprising separate compartments or units for new and for used piercing elements separate compartments for used piercing elements in piercing devices A61B5/15184

A61B5/1518

Security or safety mechanism to be deactivated for forwarding next piercing element

A61B5/15182

Means for keeping track or checking of the total number of piercing elements already used or the number of piercing elements still remaining in the stocking, e.g. by check window, counter, display

A61B5/15184

Piercing device comprising a separate compartment or unit for used piercing elements separate compartments for used piercing elements in stocking means A61B5/15178

A61B5/15186

Devices loaded with a single lancet, i.e. a single lancet with or without a casing is loaded into a reusable drive device and then discarded after use; drive devices reloadable for multiple use

A61B5/15188

Constructional features of reusable driving devices

A61B5/1519

comprising driving means, e.g. a spring, for propelling the piercing unit

A61B5/15192

comprising driving means, e.g. a spring, for retracting the lancet unit into the driving device housing

A61B5/15194

fully automatically retracted, i.e. the retraction does not require a deliberate action by the user, e.g. by terminating the contact with the patient's skin

A61B5/15196

semi-automatically retracted, i.e. in which the retraction of the piercing unit requires a deliberate action by the user such as manual release of spring-biased retraction means

A61B5/15198

purely manually retracted

A61B5/153

Devices

specially adapted for taking samples of venous or arterial blood, e.g. with syringes

A61B5/1535

comprising means for indicating vein or arterial entry A61B5/1545 takes precedence

A61B5/154

Devices

using pre-evacuated means

A61B5/1545

comprising means for indicating vein or arterial entry

A61B5/155

Devices

specially adapted for continuous or multiple sampling, e.g. at predetermined intervals

devices loaded with multiple lancets simultaneously A61B5/15146

A61B5/157

Devices

characterised by integrated means for measuring characteristics of blood

A61B5/16

Devices for psychotechnics using teaching or educational appliances G09B1/00 - G09B7/00

Testing reaction times

; Devices for evaluating the psychological state

A61B5/161

Flicker fusion testing eye testing A61B3/00

A61B5/162

Testing reaction times

A61B5/163

by tracking eye movement, gaze, or pupil change

A61B5/164

Lie detection

A61B5/165

Evaluating the state of mind, e.g. depression, anxiety

A61B5/167

Personality evaluation

A61B5/168

Evaluating attention deficit, hyperactivity

A61B5/18

for vehicle drivers

or machine operators

A61B5/20

for measuring urological functions

restricted to the evaluation of the urinary system A61B5/4375 takes precedence

A61B5/201

Assessing renal or kidney functions

A61B5/202

Assessing bladder functions, e.g. incontinence assessment

A61B5/204

Determining bladder volume

A61B5/205

Determining bladder or urethral pressure

A61B5/207

Sensing devices adapted to collect urine

A61B5/208

adapted to determine urine quantity, e.g. flow, volume

A61B5/22

Ergometry

Measuring muscular strength or the force of a muscular blow

exercising apparatus A63B21/00

; measuring of work or force in general G01L

A61B5/221

Ergometry, e.g. by using bicycle type apparatus

A61B5/222

combined with detection or measurement of physiological parameters, e.g. heart rate

A61B5/224

Measuring muscular strength

A61B5/225

of the fingers, e.g. by monitoring hand-grip force

A61B5/227

of constricting muscles, i.e. sphincters

A61B5/228

of masticatory organs, e.g. detecting dental force

A61B5/24

Detecting, measuring or recording bioelectric or biomagnetic signals of the body or parts thereof

Group A61B5/24 is impacted by reclassification into group A61B5/388.
Groups A61B5/24 and A61B5/388 should be considered in order to perform a complete search.

A61B5/2415

Measuring direct current [DC] or slowly varying biopotentials

A61B5/242

Detecting biomagnetic fields, e.g. magnetic fields produced by bioelectric currents

Group A61B5/242 is impacted by reclassification into group A61B5/248.
Groups A61B5/242 and A61B5/248 should be considered in order to perform a complete search.

A61B5/243

specially adapted for magnetocardiographic [MCG] signals

A61B5/245

specially adapted for magnetoencephalographic [MEG] signals

A61B5/246

using evoked responses

A61B5/248

specially adapted for magnetoneurographic [MNG] signals, e.g. magnetospinographic [MSG] signals

Group A61B5/248 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group A61B5/242.
Groups A61B5/242 and A61B5/248 should be considered in order to perform a complete search.

A61B5/25

Bioelectric electrodes therefor

Group A61B5/25 is impacted by reclassification into groups A61B5/251, A61B5/254, A61B5/256, A61B5/257, A61B5/26, A61B5/262, A61B5/263, A61B5/265, A61B5/266, A61B5/268, A61B5/27, A61B5/271, A61B5/273, A61B5/274, A61B5/276, A61B5/277, A61B5/279, A61B5/28, A61B5/288, A61B5/29, A61B5/293, A61B5/294, A61B5/297, and A61B5/367.
All groups listed in this Warning should be considered in order to perform a complete search.

A61B5/251

Means for maintaining electrode contact with the body

Groups A61B5/251, A61B5/254, A61B5/256 and A61B5/257 are incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group A61B5/25.
All groups listed in this Warning should be considered in order to perform a complete search.

A61B5/252

by suction

Group A61B5/252 is impacted by reclassification into groups A61B5/28, A61B5/282, A61B5/283, A61B5/285, A61B5/287, A61B5/288, A61B5/29 and A61B5/293.
All groups listed in this Warning should be considered in order to perform a complete search.

A61B5/254

by clips

A61B5/256

Wearable electrodes, e.g. having straps or bands

A61B5/257

using adhesive means, e.g. adhesive pads or tapes

A61B5/259

using conductive adhesive means, e.g. gels

Group A61B5/259 is impacted by reclassification into groups A61B5/28, A61B5/282, A61B5/283, A61B5/285, A61B5/287, A61B5/288, A61B5/29 and A61B5/293.
All groups listed in this Warning should be considered in order to perform a complete search.

A61B5/26

maintaining contact between the body and the electrodes by the action of the subjects, e.g. by placing the body on the electrodes or by grasping the electrodes

Group A61B5/26 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group A61B5/25.
Groups A61B5/25 and A61B5/26 should be considered in order to perform a complete search.

A61B5/262

Needle electrodes

Group A61B5/262 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group A61B5/25.
Groups A61B5/25 and A61B5/262 should be considered in order to perform a complete search.

A61B5/263

characterised by the electrode materials

Groups A61B5/263 - A61B5/27 are incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group A61B5/25.
All groups listed in this Warning should be considered in order to perform a complete search.

A61B5/265

containing silver or silver chloride

A61B5/266

containing electrolytes, conductive gels or pastes

A61B5/268

containing conductive polymers, e.g. PEDOT:PSS polymers

A61B5/27

Conductive fabrics or textiles

A61B5/271

Arrangements of electrodes with cords, cables or leads, e.g. single leads or patient cord assemblies

Groups A61B5/271 and A61B5/273 are incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group A61B5/25.
Groups A61B5/25, A61B5/271 and A61B5/273 should be considered in order to perform a complete search.

A61B5/273

Connection of cords, cables or leads to electrodes

A61B5/274

using snap or button fasteners

Group A61B5/274 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group A61B5/25.
Group A61B5/274 is also impacted by reclassification into groups A61B5/28, A61B5/282, A61B5/283, A61B5/285, A61B5/287, A61B5/288 and A61B5/293.
All groups listed in this Warning should be considered in order to perform a complete search.

A61B5/276

Protection against electrode failure

Group A61B5/276 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group A61B5/25.
Group A61B5/276 is also impacted by reclassification into groups A61B5/28, A61B5/282, A61B5/283, A61B5/285, A61B5/287, A61B5/288, A61B5/29 and A61B5/293.
All groups listed in this Warning should be considered in order to perform a complete search.

A61B5/277

Capacitive electrodes

Group A61B5/277 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group A61B5/25.
Groups A61B5/25 and A61B5/277 should be considered in order to perform a complete search.

A61B5/279

specially adapted for particular uses

Group A61B5/279 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group A61B5/25.
Groups A61B5/25 and A61B5/279 should be considered in order to perform a complete search.

A61B5/28

for electrocardiography [ECG]

Groups A61B5/28 and A61B5/288 are incomplete pending reclassification of documents from groups A61B5/25, A61B5/252, A61B5/259, A61B5/274 and A61B5/276.
All groups listed in this Warning should be considered in order to perform a complete search.

A61B5/282

Holders for multiple electrodes for introduction into the body A61B5/287

Group A61B5/282 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from groups A61B5/252, A61B5/259, A61B5/274 and A61B5/276.
All groups listed in this Warning should be considered in order to perform a complete search.

A61B5/283

Invasive

Group A61B5/283 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from groups A61B5/252, A61B5/259, A61B5/274 and A61B5/276.
Group A61B5/283 is also impacted by reclassification into groups A61B5/29 and A61B5/293.
All groups listed in this Warning should be considered in order to perform a complete search.

A61B5/285

Endotracheal, oesophageal or gastric probes

Group A61B5/285 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from groups A61B5/252, A61B5/259, A61B5/274 and A61B5/276.
All groups listed in this Warning should be considered in order to perform a complete search.

A61B5/287

Holders for multiple electrodes, e.g. electrode catheters for electrophysiological study [EPS]

Group A61B5/287 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from groups A61B5/252, A61B5/259, A61B5/274 and A61B5/276.
All groups listed in this Warning should be considered in order to perform a complete search.

A61B5/288

for foetal cardiography, e.g. scalp electrodes

A61B5/29

for permanent or long-term implantation

Group A61B5/29 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from groups A61B5/25, A61B5/252, A61B5/259, A61B5/276 and A61B5/283.
All groups listed in this Warning should be considered in order to perform a complete search.

A61B5/291

for electroencephalography [EEG]

Group A61B5/291 is impacted by reclassification into group A61B5/293.
Groups A61B5/291 and A61B5/293 should be considered in order to perform a complete search.

A61B5/293

Invasive

Group A61B5/293 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from groups A61B5/25, A61B5/252, A61B5/259, A61B5/274, A61B5/276, A61B5/283 and A61B5/291.
All groups listed in this Warning should be considered in order to perform a complete search.

A61B5/294

for nerve conduction study [NCS]

Group A61B5/294 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from groups A61B5/25 and A61B5/388.
Groups A61B5/25, A61B5/388 and A61B5/294 should be considered in order to perform a complete search.

A61B5/296

for electromyography [EMG]

A61B5/297

for electrooculography [EOG]: for electroretinography [ERG]

Group A61B5/297 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from groups A61B5/25 and A61B5/398.
Groups A61B5/25, A61B5/398 and A61B5/297 should be considered in order to perform a complete search.

A61B5/30

Input circuits therefor

Group A61B5/30 is impacted by reclassification into groups A61B5/305, A61B5/307, A61B5/308, A61B5/31, A61B5/311, A61B5/313 and A61B5/315.
All groups listed in this Warning should be considered in order to perform a complete search.

A61B5/301

providing electrical separation, e.g. by using isolating transformers or optocouplers

Group A61B5/301 is impacted by reclassification into groups A61B5/305 and A61B5/308.
Groups A61B5/301, A61B5/305 and A61B5/308 should be considered in order to perform a complete search.

A61B5/302

for capacitive or ionised electrodes, e.g. metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors [MOSFET]

Group A61B5/302 is impacted by reclassification into groups A61B5/305 and A61B5/308.
Groups A61B5/302, A61B5/305 and A61B5/308 should be considered in order to perform a complete search.

A61B5/303

Patient cord assembly, e.g. cable harness

Group A61B5/303 is impacted by reclassification into groups A61B5/305 and A61B5/308.
Groups A61B5/303, A61B5/305 and A61B5/308 should be considered in order to perform a complete search.

A61B5/304

Switching circuits

Group A61B5/304 is impacted by reclassification into groups A61B5/305 and A61B5/308.
Groups A61B5/304, A61B5/305 and A61B5/308 should be considered in order to perform a complete search.

A61B5/305

Common mode rejection

Group A61B5/305 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from groups A61B5/30, A61B5/301, A61B5/302, A61B5/303 and A61B5/304.
All groups listed in this Warning should be considered in order to perform a complete search.

A61B5/307

specially adapted for particular uses

Groups A61B5/307, A61B5/31, A61B5/313 and A61B5/315 are incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group A61B5/30.
All groups listed in this Warning should be considered in order to perform a complete search.

A61B5/308

for electrocardiography [ECG]

Group A61B5/308 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from groups A61B5/30, A61B5/301, A61B5/302, A61B5/303 and A61B5/304.
All groups listed in this Warning should be considered in order to perform a complete search.

A61B5/31

for electroencephalography [EEG]

A61B5/311

for nerve conduction study [NCS]

Group A61B5/311 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from groups A61B5/30 and A61B5/388.
Groups A61B5/30, A61B5/388 and A61B5/311 should be considered in order to perform a complete search.

A61B5/313

for electromyography [EMG]

A61B5/315

for electrooculography [EOG]

for electroretinography [ERG]

A61B5/316

Modalities, i.e. specific diagnostic methods

Group A61B5/316 is impacted by reclassification into groups A61B5/321, A61B5/329, A61B5/33, A61B5/338, A61B5/343, A61B5/346, A61B5/347, A61B5/353, A61B5/355, A61B5/357, A61B5/358, A61B5/36, A61B5/367, A61B5/372, A61B5/374, A61B5/388, A61B5/395 and A61B5/397.
All groups listed in this Warning should be considered in order to perform a complete search.

A61B5/318

Heart-related electrical modalities, e.g. electrocardiography [ECG]

Group A61B5/318 is impacted by reclassification into groups A61B5/321, A61B5/329 and A61B5/33.
All groups listed in this Warning should be considered in order to perform a complete search.

A61B5/319

Circuits for simulating ECG signals

A61B5/321

Accessories or supplementary instruments therefor, e.g. cord hangers

Group A61B5/321 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from groups A61B5/316 and A61B5/318.
Groups A61B5/316, A61B5/318 and A61B5/321 should be considered in order to perform a complete search.

A61B5/322

Physical templates or devices for measuring ECG waveforms, e.g. electrocardiograph rulers or calipers by template matching A61B5/35

A61B5/324

Means for providing electrolytes, e.g. syringes

A61B5/325

Preparing electrode sites, e.g. by abrasion

A61B5/327

Generation of artificial ECG signals based on measured signals, e.g. to compensate for missing leads

A61B5/329

Load diagnosis, e.g. cardiac stress tests

Group A61B5/329 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from groups A61B5/316 and A61B5/318.
Groups A61B5/316, A61B5/318 and A61B5/329 should be considered in order to perform a complete search.

A61B5/33

specially adapted for cooperation with other devices

Group A61B5/33 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from groups A61B5/316 and A61B5/318.
Groups A61B5/316, A61B5/318 and A61B5/33 should be considered in order to perform a complete search.

A61B5/332

Portable devices specially adapted therefor

A61B5/333

Recording apparatus specially adapted therefor

Group A61B5/333 is impacted by reclassification into group A61B5/338.
Groups A61B5/333 and A61B5/338 should be considered in order to perform a complete search.

A61B5/335

using integrated circuit memory devices

A61B5/336

Magnetic recording apparatus

A61B5/337

Playback at speeds other than the recording speed

A61B5/338

Recording by printing on paper

Group A61B5/338 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from groups A61B5/316 and A61B5/333.
Groups A61B5/316, A61B5/333 and A61B5/338 should be considered in order to perform a complete search.

A61B5/339

Displays specially adapted therefor

Group A61B5/339 is impacted by reclassification into group A61B5/343.
Groups A61B5/339 and A61B5/343 should be considered in order to perform a complete search.

A61B5/341

Vectorcardiography [VCG]

A61B5/343

Potential distribution indication

Group A61B5/343 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from groups A61B5/316 and A61B5/339.
Groups A61B5/316, A61B5/339 and A61B5/343 should be considered in order to perform a complete search.

A61B5/344

Foetal cardiography

A61B5/346

Analysis of electrocardiograms

Groups A61B5/346 and A61B5/347 are incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group A61B5/316.
Groups A61B5/316, A61B5/346 and A61B5/347 should be considered in order to perform a complete search.

A61B5/347

Detecting the frequency distribution of signals

A61B5/349

Detecting specific parameters of the electrocardiograph cycle

Group A61B5/349 is impacted by reclassification into groups A61B5/353, A61B5/355, A61B5/357, A61B5/358 and A61B5/36.
All groups listed in this Warning should be considered in order to perform a complete search.

A61B5/35

by template matching

A61B5/352

Detecting R peaks, e.g. for synchronising diagnostic apparatus

Estimating R-R interval

A61B5/353

Detecting P-waves

Group A61B5/353 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from groups A61B5/316 and A61B5/349.
Groups A61B5/316, A61B5/349 and A61B5/353 should be considered in order to perform a complete search.

A61B5/355

Detecting T-waves

Group A61B5/355 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from groups A61B5/316 and A61B5/349.
Groups A61B5/316, A61B5/349 and A61B5/355 should be considered in order to perform a complete search.

A61B5/357

Detecting U-waves

Group A61B5/357 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from groups A61B5/316 and A61B5/349.
Groups A61B5/316, A61B5/349 and A61B5/357 should be considered in order to perform a complete search.

A61B5/358

Detecting ST segments

Group A61B5/358 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from groups A61B5/316 and A61B5/349.
Groups A61B5/316, A61B5/349 and A61B5/358 should be considered in order to perform a complete search.

A61B5/36

Detecting PQ interval, PR interval or QT interval

Group A61B5/36 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from groups A61B5/316 and A61B5/349.
Groups A61B5/316, A61B5/349 and A61B5/36 should be considered in order to perform a complete search.

A61B5/361

Detecting fibrillation

A61B5/363

Detecting tachycardia or bradycardia

A61B5/364

Detecting abnormal ECG interval, e.g. extrasystoles, ectopic heartbeats

A61B5/366

Detecting abnormal QRS complex, e.g. widening

A61B5/367

Electrophysiological study [EPS], e.g. electrical activation mapping or electro-anatomical mapping

Group A61B5/367 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from groups A61B5/25 and A61B5/316.
Groups A61B5/25, A61B5/316 and A61B5/367 should be considered in order to perform a complete search.

A61B5/369

Electroencephalography [EEG] devices for psychotechnics A61B5/16

Group A61B5/369 is impacted by reclassification into groups A61B5/37, A61B5/372, A61B5/384 and A61B5/386.
All groups listed in this Warning should be considered in order to perform a complete search.

A61B5/37

Intracranial electroencephalography [IC-EEG], e.g. electrocorticography [ECoG]

Group A61B5/37 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group A61B5/369.
Groups A61B5/369 and A61B5/37 should be considered in order to perform a complete search.

A61B5/372

Analysis of electroencephalograms

Group A61B5/372 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from groups A61B5/316 and A61B5/369.
Groups A61B5/316, A61B5/369 and A61B5/372 should be considered in order to perform a complete search.

A61B5/374

Detecting the frequency distribution of signals, e.g. detecting delta, theta, alpha, beta or gamma waves

Group A61B5/374 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group A61B5/316.
Groups A61B5/316 and A61B5/374 should be considered in order to perform a complete search.

A61B5/375

using biofeedback

A61B5/377

using evoked responses

Group A61B5/377 is impacted by reclassification into group A61B5/383.
Groups A61B5/377 and A61B5/383 should be considered in order to perform a complete search.

A61B5/378

Visual stimuli

A61B5/38

Acoustic or auditory stimuli

A61B5/381

Olfactory or gustatory stimuli

A61B5/383

Somatosensory stimuli, e.g. electric stimulation

Group A61B5/383 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group A61B5/377.
Groups A61B5/377 and A61B5/383 should be considered in order to perform a complete search.

A61B5/384

Recording apparatus or displays specially adapted therefor

Group A61B5/384 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group A61B5/369.
Groups A61B5/369 and A61B5/384 should be considered in order to perform a complete search.

A61B5/386

Accessories or supplementary instruments therefor

Group A61B5/386 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group A61B5/369.
Groups A61B5/369 and A61B5/386 should be considered in order to perform a complete search.

A61B5/388

Nerve conduction study, e.g. detecting action potential of peripheral nerves

Group A61B5/388 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from groups A61B5/24 and A61B5/316.
Group A61B5/388 is also impacted by reclassification into groups A61B5/294 and A61B5/311.
All groups listed in this Warning should be considered in order to perform a complete search.

A61B5/389

Electromyography [EMG]

Group A61B5/389 is impacted by reclassification into group A61B5/395.
Groups A61B5/389 and A61B5/395 should be considered in order to perform a complete search.

A61B5/391

of genito-urinary organs

A61B5/392

Detecting gastrointestinal contractions

A61B5/394

specially adapted for electroglottography or electropalatography

A61B5/395

Details of stimulation, e.g. nerve stimulation to elicit EMG response

Group A61B5/395 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from groups A61B5/316 and A61B5/389.
Groups A61B5/316, A61B5/389 and A61B5/395 should be considered in order to perform a complete search.

A61B5/397

Analysis of electromyograms

Group A61B5/397 is incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group A61B5/316. Groups A61B5/316 and A61B5/397 should be considered in order to perform a complete search.

A61B5/398

Electrooculography [EOG], e.g. detecting nystagmus

Electroretinography [ERG]

Group A61B5/398 is impacted by reclassification into group A61B5/297.
Groups A61B5/398 and A61B5/297 should be considered in order to perform a complete search.

A61B5/40

Detecting, measuring or recording for evaluating the nervous system A61B5/4806, A61B5/4821, A61B5/4824 take precedence

A61B5/4005

for evaluating the sensory system A61B5/12, A61B5/4058 take precedence

A61B5/4011

Evaluating olfaction, i.e. sense of smell

A61B5/4017

Evaluating sense of taste

A61B5/4023

Evaluating sense of balance

A61B5/4029

for evaluating the peripheral nervous systems A61B5/24 takes precedence

A61B5/4035

Evaluating the autonomic nervous system

A61B5/4041

Evaluating nerves condition

A61B5/4047

afferent nerves, i.e. nerves that relay impulses to the central nervous system

A61B5/4052

efferent nerves, i.e. nerves that relay impulses from the central nervous system

A61B5/4058

for evaluating the central nervous system A61B5/4806, A61B5/4821 take precedence

A61B5/4064

Evaluating the brain A61B5/031, A61B5/369, A61B5/14553 take precedence

A61B5/407

Evaluating the spinal cord A61B5/4896 takes precedence

A61B5/4076

Diagnosing or monitoring particular conditions of the nervous system A61B5/4821, A61B5/4824 take precedence

A61B5/4082

Diagnosing or monitoring movement diseases, e.g. Parkinson, Huntington or Tourette

A61B5/4088

Diagnosing of monitoring cognitive diseases, e.g. Alzheimer, prion diseases or dementia

A61B5/4094

Diagnosing or monitoring seizure diseases, e.g. epilepsy

A61B5/41

Detecting, measuring or recording for evaluating the immune or lymphatic systems

A61B5/411

Detecting or monitoring allergy or intolerance reactions to an allergenic agent or substance

A61B5/412

Detecting or monitoring sepsis

A61B5/413

Monitoring transplanted tissue or organ, e.g. for possible rejection reactions after a transplant

A61B5/414

Evaluating particular organs or parts of the immune or lymphatic systems

A61B5/415

the glands, e.g. tonsils, adenoids or thymus

A61B5/416

the spleen

A61B5/417

the bone marrow

A61B5/418

lymph vessels, ducts or nodes

A61B5/42

Detecting, measuring or recording for evaluating the gastrointestinal, the endocrine or the exocrine systems A61B1/00, A61B5/4857, A61B5/486, A61B5/4866, A61B5/4869 take precedence

A61B5/4205

Evaluating swallowing

A61B5/4211

Diagnosing or evaluating reflux

A61B5/4216

Diagnosing or evaluating gastrointestinal ulcers

A61B5/4222

Evaluating particular parts, e.g. particular organs

A61B5/4227

endocrine glands, i.e. thyroid, adrenals, hypothalamic, pituitary

A61B5/4233

oesophagus

A61B5/4238

stomach

A61B5/4244

liver

A61B5/425

pancreas

A61B5/4255

Intestines, colon or appendix

A61B5/4261

Evaluating exocrine secretion production A61B3/101 takes precedence

A61B5/4266

sweat secretion

A61B5/4272

sebum secretion

A61B5/4277

saliva secretion

A61B5/4283

gastrointestinal secretions, e.g. bile production

A61B5/4288

mammary secretions

A61B5/4294

vaginal secretions

A61B5/43

Detecting, measuring or recording for evaluating the reproductive systems

A61B5/4306

for evaluating the female reproductive systems, e.g. gynaecological evaluations

A61B5/4312

Breast evaluation or disorder diagnosis A61B5/0091 takes precedence

A61B5/4318

Evaluation of the lower reproductive system A61B5/4343 takes precedence

A61B5/4325

of the uterine cavities, e.g. uterus, fallopian tubes, ovaries

A61B5/4331

of the cervix A61B5/435 takes precedence

A61B5/4337

of the vagina

A61B5/4343

Pregnancy and labour monitoring, e.g. for labour onset detection

A61B5/435

Assessing cervix alteration or dilation

A61B5/4356

Assessing uterine contractions A61B5/033 takes precedence

A61B5/4362

Assessing foetal parameters

A61B5/4368

Sexual arousal evaluation

A61B5/4375

for evaluating the male reproductive system

A61B5/4381

Prostate evaluation or disorder diagnosis

A61B5/4387

Testicles, seminal vesicles or sperm ducts evaluation

A61B5/4393

Sexual arousal or erectile dysfunction evaluation, e.g. tumescence evaluation

A61B5/44

Detecting, measuring or recording for evaluating the integumentary system, e.g. skin, hair or nails A61B5/117 takes precedence

A61B5/441

Skin evaluation, e.g. for skin disorder diagnosis

A61B5/442

Evaluating skin mechanical properties, e.g. elasticity, hardness, texture, wrinkle assessment

A61B5/443

Evaluating skin constituents, e.g. elastin, melanin, water

A61B5/444

Evaluating skin marks, e.g. mole, nevi, tumour, scar

A61B5/445

Evaluating skin irritation or skin trauma, e.g. rash, eczema, wound, bed sore

A61B5/446

Scalp evaluation or scalp disorder diagnosis, e.g. dandruff

A61B5/447

specially adapted for aiding the prevention of ulcer or pressure sore development, i.e. before the ulcer or sore has developed

A61B5/448

Hair evaluation, e.g. for hair disorder diagnosis

A61B5/449

Nail evaluation, e.g. for nail disorder diagnosis

A61B5/45

For evaluating or diagnosing the musculoskeletal system or teeth A61B5/1036, A61B5/1074, A61B7/006 take precedence

A61B5/4504

Bones A61B5/4547 takes precedence

A61B5/4509

Bone density determination

A61B5/4514

Cartilage

A61B5/4519

Muscles A61B5/389, A61B5/224 take precedence

A61B5/4523

Tendons

A61B5/4528

Joints A61B5/4533, A61B5/4538 take precedence

A61B5/4533

Ligaments

A61B5/4538

Evaluating a particular part of the muscoloskeletal system or a particular medical condition

A61B5/4542

Evaluating the mouth, e.g. the jaw

A61B5/4547

Evaluating teeth

A61B5/4552

Evaluating soft tissue within the mouth, e.g. gums or tongue

A61B5/4557

Evaluating bruxism

A61B5/4561

Evaluating static posture, e.g. undesirable back curvature A61B5/1116 takes precedence

A61B5/4566

Evaluating the spine A61B5/4561 takes precedence

A61B5/4571

Evaluating the hip

A61B5/4576

Evaluating the shoulder

A61B5/458

Evaluating the elbow

A61B5/4585

Evaluating the knee

A61B5/459

Evaluating the wrist

A61B5/4595

Evaluating the ankle

A61B5/48

Other medical applications

A61B5/4803

Speech analysis specially adapted for diagnostic purposes

A61B5/4806

Sleep evaluation A61B5/4821 takes precedence; devices for inducing sleep A61M21/02

A61B5/4809

Sleep detection, i.e. determining whether a subject is asleep or not

A61B5/4812

Detecting sleep stages or cycles

A61B5/4815

Sleep quality

A61B5/4818

Sleep apnoea

A61B5/4821

Determining level or depth of anaesthesia A61B5/1106 takes precedence

A61B5/4824

Touch or pain perception evaluation A61B5/4821 takes precedence

A61B5/4827

assessing touch sensitivity, e.g. for evaluation of pain threshold

A61B5/483

by thermal stimulation

A61B5/4833

Assessment of subject's compliance to treatment

A61B5/4836

Diagnosis combined with treatment in closed-loop systems or methods A61B5/0036 takes precedence

A61B5/4839

combined with drug delivery

A61B5/4842

Monitoring progression or stage of a disease

A61B5/4845

Toxicology, e.g. by detection of alcohol, drug or toxic products A61B5/4848 takes precedence

A61B5/4848

Monitoring or testing the effects of treatment, e.g. of medication

A61B5/4851

Prosthesis assessment or monitoring

A61B5/4854

Diagnosis based on concepts of traditional oriental medicine

A61B5/4857

Indicating the phase of biorhythm clocks or watches with indicators for biological cycles G04B19/264

A61B5/486

Bio-feedback A61B5/375 takes precedence

A61B5/4863

Measuring or inducing nystagmus

A61B5/4866

Evaluating metabolism A61B5/083 takes precedence

A61B5/4869

Determining body composition

A61B5/4872

Body fat

A61B5/4875

Hydration status, fluid retention of the body

A61B5/4878

Evaluating oedema

A61B5/4881

Determining interstitial fluid distribution or content within body tissue measuring analytes in interstitial fluid in-vivo A61B5/1451

A61B5/4884

inducing physiological or psychological stress, e.g. applications for stress testing

A61B5/4887

Locating particular structures in or on the body

A61B5/489

Blood vessels

A61B5/4893

Nerves

A61B5/4896

Epidural space

A61B5/68

Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient

A61B5/6801

specially adapted to be attached to or worn on the body surface

A61B5/6802

Sensor mounted on worn items

A61B5/6803

Head-worn items, e.g. helmets, masks, headphones or goggles

A61B5/6804

Garments; Clothes

A61B5/6805

Vests

A61B5/6806

Gloves

A61B5/6807

Footwear

A61B5/6808

Diapers

A61B5/681

Wristwatch-type devices

A61B5/6811

External prosthesis

A61B5/6812

Orthopaedic devices

A61B5/6813

Specially adapted to be attached to a specific body part A61B5/6802 takes precedence

A61B5/6814

Head

A61B5/6815

Ear

A61B5/6816

Ear lobe

A61B5/6817

Ear canal

A61B5/6819

Nose

A61B5/682

Mouth, e.g., oral cavity; tongue; Lips; Teeth

A61B5/6821

Eye

A61B5/6822

Neck

A61B5/6823

Trunk, e.g., chest, back, abdomen, hip

A61B5/6824

Arm or wrist

A61B5/6825

Hand

A61B5/6826

Finger

A61B5/6828

Leg

A61B5/6829

Foot or ankle

A61B5/683

Means for maintaining contact with the body A61B5/6802 takes precedence

A61B5/6831

Straps, bands or harnesses

A61B5/6832

using adhesives A61B5/259 takes precedence

A61B5/6833

Adhesive patches

A61B5/68335

including release sheets or liners

A61B5/6834

using vacuum

A61B5/6835

Supports or holders, e.g., articulated arms

A61B5/6837

Sutures

A61B5/6838

Clamps or clips

A61B5/6839

Anchoring means, e.g. barbs

A61B5/684

Indicating the position of the sensor on the body

A61B5/6841

by using templates

A61B5/6842

by marking the skin

A61B5/6843

Monitoring or controlling sensor contact pressure

A61B5/6844

Monitoring or controlling distance between sensor and tissue

A61B5/6846

specially adapted to be brought in contact with an internal body part, i.e. invasive

A61B5/6847

mounted on an invasive device

A61B5/6848

Needles

A61B5/6849

in combination with a needle set

A61B5/685

Microneedles

A61B5/6851

Guide wires

A61B5/6852

Catheters

A61B5/6853

with a balloon

A61B5/6855

with a distal curved tip

A61B5/6856

with a distal loop

A61B5/6857

with a distal pigtail shape

A61B5/6858

with a distal basket, e.g. expandable basket

A61B5/6859

with multiple distal splines

A61B5/686

Permanently implanted devices, e.g. pacemakers, other stimulators, biochips A61B5/6861 takes precedence

A61B5/6861

Capsules, e.g. for swallowing or implanting

A61B5/6862

Stents

A61B5/6864

Burr holes

A61B5/6865

Access ports

A61B5/6866

Extracorporeal blood circuits, e.g. dialysis circuits

A61B5/6867

specially adapted to be attached or implanted in a specific body part A61B5/6847 takes precedence

A61B5/6868

Brain

A61B5/6869

Heart

A61B5/687

Oesophagus

A61B5/6871

Stomach

A61B5/6873

Intestine

A61B5/6874

Bladder

A61B5/6875

Uterus

A61B5/6876

Blood vessel

A61B5/6877

Nerve

A61B5/6878

Bone

A61B5/6879

Means for maintaining contact with the body A61B5/6847 takes precedence

A61B5/688

using adhesives

A61B5/6882

Anchoring means

A61B5/6883

Sutures

A61B5/6884

Clamps or clips

A61B5/6885

Monitoring or controlling sensor contact pressure

A61B5/6886

Monitoring or controlling distance between sensor and tissue

A61B5/6887

mounted on external non-worn devices, e.g. non-medical devices

A61B5/6888

Cabins

A61B5/6889

Rooms

A61B5/6891

Furniture

A61B5/6892

Mats

A61B5/6893

Cars

A61B5/6894

Wheel chairs

A61B5/6895

Sport equipment

A61B5/6896

Toys

A61B5/6897

Computer input devices, e.g. mice or keyboards

A61B5/6898

Portable consumer electronic devices, e.g. music players, telephones, tablet computers

A61B5/70

Means for positioning the patient in relation to the detecting, measuring or recording means

Groups A61B5/70 - A61B5/708 are incomplete pending reclassification of documents from group A61B5/055.
All groups listed in this Warning should be considered in order to perform a complete search.

A61B5/702

Posture restraints

A61B5/704

Tables

A61B5/706

Indicia not located on the patient, e.g. floor marking

A61B5/708

Breast positioning means

A61B5/72

Signal processing specially adapted for physiological signals or for diagnostic purposes character recognition, recognising digital ink, document-oriented image-based pattern recognition G06V30/00; recognition or understanding of postal images G06V30/424

A61B5/7203

for noise prevention, reduction or removal

A61B5/7207

of noise induced by motion artifacts

A61B5/721

using a separate sensor to detect motion or using motion information derived from signals other than the physiological signal to be measured

A61B5/7214

using signal cancellation, e.g. based on input of two identical physiological sensors spaced apart, or based on two signals derived from the same sensor, for different optical wavelengths

A61B5/7217

of noise originating from a therapeutic or surgical apparatus, e.g. from a pacemaker

A61B5/7221

Determining signal validity, reliability or quality A61B5/7207 and A61B5/7217 take precedence

A61B5/7225

Details of analog processing, e.g. isolation amplifier, gain or sensitivity adjustment, filtering, baseline or drift compensation A61B5/30, A61B5/316 take precedence; transformers for specific applications H01F38/00; amplifiers H03F

A61B5/7228

Signal modulation applied to the input signal sent to patient or subject; demodulation to recover the physiological signal modulation H03C

A61B5/7232

involving compression of the physiological signal, e.g. to extend the signal recording period

A61B5/7235

Details of waveform analysis A61B5/349 takes precedence

A61B5/7239

using differentiation including higher order derivatives

A61B5/7242

using integration

A61B5/7246

using correlation, e.g. template matching or determination of similarity

A61B5/725

using specific filters therefor, e.g. Kalman or adaptive filters A61B5/316 take precedence

A61B5/7253

characterised by using transforms

A61B5/7257

using Fourier transforms

A61B5/726

using Wavelet transforms

A61B5/7264

Classification of physiological signals or data, e.g. using neural networks, statistical classifiers, expert systems or fuzzy systems neural networks per se G01N3/00; expert systems per se

G06N5/00

A61B5/7267

involving training the classification device

A61B5/7271

Specific aspects of physiological measurement analysis A61B5/316, A61B5/349 and A61B5/374 take precedence

A61B5/7275

Determining trends in physiological measurement data

Predicting development of a medical condition based on physiological measurements, e.g. determining a risk factor

A61B5/7278

Artificial waveform generation or derivation, e.g. synthesising signals from measured signals A61B5/327 takes precedence

A61B5/7282

Event detection, e.g. detecting unique waveforms indicative of a medical condition A61B5/4094, A61B5/4818, A61B5/349, A61B5/0823 take precedence

A61B5/7285

for synchronising or triggering a physiological measurement or image acquisition with a physiological event or waveform, e.g. an ECG signal A61B6/5205, A61B6/541, A61B8/5207, A61B8/543 take precedence

A61B5/7289

Retrospective gating, i.e. associating measured signals or images with a physiological event after the actual measurement or image acquisition, e.g. by simultaneously recording an additional physiological signal during the measurement or image acquisition

A61B5/7292

Prospective gating, i.e. predicting the occurrence of a physiological event for use as a synchronisation signal

A61B5/7296

for compensation of signal variation due to stress unintentionally induced in the patient, e.g. due to the stress of the medical environment or examination deliberately inducing physiological or psychological stress A61B5/4884

A61B5/74

Details of notification to user or communication with user or patient indicating measured values G01D7/00; user input means input or output arrangements for computers G06F3/00

A61B5/7405

using sound

A61B5/741

using synthesised speech

A61B5/7415

Sound rendering of measured values, e.g. by pitch or volume variation A61B5/741 takes precedence

A61B5/742

using visual displays A61B5/339 takes precedence

A61B5/7425

Displaying combinations of multiple images regardless of image source, e.g. displaying a reference anatomical image with a live image geometric transforms for image registration G06T3/0068; enhancement using image fusion G06T5/50; algorithms for registration of images G06T7/30

A61B5/743

Displaying an image simultaneously with additional graphical information, e.g. symbols, charts, function plots

A61B5/7435

Displaying user selection data, e.g. icons in a graphical user interface

A61B5/744

Displaying an avatar, e.g. an animated cartoon character

A61B5/7445

Display arrangements, e.g. multiple display units

A61B5/745

using a holographic display

A61B5/7455

characterised by tactile indication, e.g. vibration or electrical stimulation

A61B5/746

Alarms related to a physiological condition, e.g. details of setting alarm thresholds or avoiding false alarms alarms per se

G08B

A61B5/7465

Arrangements for interactive communication between patient and care services, e.g. by using a telephone network telemetry of measured physiological signal A61B5/0002

A61B5/747

in case of emergency, i.e. alerting emergency services

A61B5/7475

User input or interface means, e.g. keyboard, pointing device, joystick

A61B5/748

Selection of a region of interest, e.g. using a graphics tablet

A61B5/7485

Automatic selection of region of interest

A61B5/749

Voice-controlled interfaces

A61B5/7495

using a reader or scanner device, e.g. barcode scanner

A61B6/00

Apparatus for radiation diagnosis, e.g. combined with radiation therapy equipment instruments measuring radiation intensity for application in the field of nuclear medicine, e.g. in vivo counting, G01T1/161; apparatus for taking X-ray photographs G03B42/02

In this group the following terms or expressions are used with the meaning indicated:

"radiation" means ionising radiation, e.g. X rays or gamma rays, and does not cover other forms of radiation, e.g. optical

A61B6/02

Devices for diagnosis sequentially in different planes

Stereoscopic radiation diagnosis

A61B6/022

Stereoscopic imaging

A61B6/025

Tomosynthesis

A61B6/027

characterised by the use of a particular data acquisition trajectory, e.g. helical or spiral

A61B6/03

Computerised tomographs echo-tomography A61B8/14

A61B6/032

Transmission computed tomography [CT]

A61B6/035

Mechanical aspects of CT

A61B6/037

Emission tomography

A61B6/04

Positioning of patients

Tiltable beds or the like operating tables A61G13/00; operating chairs A61G15/00

A61B6/0407

Supports, e.g. tables or beds, for the body or parts of the body

A61B6/0414

with compression means

A61B6/0421

with immobilising means

A61B6/0428

Patient cradles

A61B6/0435

with means for imaging suspended breasts

A61B6/0442

made of non-metallic materials

A61B6/045

with heating or cooling means

A61B6/0464

mounted to ceiling

A61B6/0471

based on an endless-band

A61B6/0478

Chairs

A61B6/0485

Inflatable rests for lifting of patients

A61B6/0487

Motor-assisted positioning

A61B6/0492

using markers or indicia for aiding patient positioning

A61B6/06

Diaphragms

A61B6/08

Auxiliary means for directing the radiation beam to a particular spot, e.g. using light beams

A61B6/10

Application or adaptation of safety means

A61B6/102

Protection against mechanical damage, e.g. anti-collision devices

A61B6/105

Braking or locking devices

A61B6/107

Protection against radiation, e.g. shielding

A61B6/12

Devices for detecting or locating foreign bodies A61B6/02 takes precedence

A61B6/14

Applications or adaptations for dentistry

A61B6/145

by intraoral means

A61B6/40

with arrangements for generating radiation specially adapted for radiation diagnosis

A61B6/4007

characterised by using a plurality of source units

A61B6/4014

arranged in multiple source-detector units

A61B6/4021

involving movement of the focal spot

A61B6/4028

resulting in acquisition of views from substantially different positions, e.g. EBCT

A61B6/4035

the source being combined with a filter or grating

A61B6/4042

K-edge filters

A61B6/405

Source units specially adapted to modify characteristics of the beam during the data acquisition process A61B6/4021, A61B6/4035 take precedence

A61B6/4057

by using radiation sources located in the interior of the body A61B6/037 takes precedence

A61B6/4064

specially adapted for producing a particular type of beam

A61B6/4071

Pencil beams

A61B6/4078

Fan-beams

A61B6/4085

Cone-beams

A61B6/4092

for producing synchrotron radiation

A61B6/42

with arrangements for detecting radiation specially adapted for radiation diagnosis

A61B6/4208

characterised by using a particular type of detector

A61B6/4216

using storage phosphor screens

A61B6/4225

using image intensifiers

A61B6/4233

using matrix detectors

A61B6/4241

using energy resolving detectors, e.g. photon counting

A61B6/425

using detectors specially adapted to be used in the interior of the body

A61B6/4258

for detecting non x-ray radiation, e.g. gamma radiation A61B6/037 takes precedence

A61B6/4266

characterised by using a plurality of detector units A61B6/4014 takes precedence

A61B6/4275

using a detector unit almost surrounding the patient, e.g. more than 180°

A61B6/4283

characterised by a detector unit being housed in a cassette

A61B6/4291

the detector being combined with a grid or grating

A61B6/44

Constructional features of apparatus for radiation diagnosis

A61B6/4405

the apparatus being movable or portable, e.g. handheld or mounted on a trolley

A61B6/4411

the apparatus being modular A61B6/4283 takes precedence

A61B6/4417

related to combined acquisition of different diagnostic modalities

A61B6/4423

related to hygiene or sterilisation

A61B6/4429

related to the mounting of source units and detector units

A61B6/4435

the source unit and the detector unit being coupled by a rigid structure

A61B6/4441

the rigid structure being a C-arm or U-arm

A61B6/4447

Tiltable gantries

A61B6/4452

the source unit and the detector unit being able to move relative to each other

A61B6/4458

the source unit or the detector unit being attached to robotic arms

A61B6/4464

the source unit or the detector unit being mounted to ceiling

A61B6/447

the source unit or the detector unit being mounted to counterpoise or springs

A61B6/4476

related to motor-assisted motion of the source unit

A61B6/4482

involving power assist circuits

A61B6/4488

Means for cooling A61B6/045 takes precedence

A61B6/4494

Means for identifying the diagnostic device

A61B6/46

with special arrangements for interfacing with the operator or the patient

A61B6/461

Displaying means of special interest

A61B6/462

characterised by constructional features of the display

A61B6/463

characterised by displaying multiple images or images and diagnostic data on one display

A61B6/464

involving a plurality of displays

A61B6/465

adapted to display user selection data, e.g. graphical user interface, icons or menus

A61B6/466

adapted to display 3D data

A61B6/467

characterised by special input means

A61B6/468

allowing annotation or message recording

A61B6/469

for selecting a region of interest [ROI]

A61B6/48

Diagnostic techniques A61B6/022, A61B6/025 A61B6/032, A61B6/037 take precedence

A61B6/481

involving the use of contrast agents

A61B6/482

involving multiple energy imaging

A61B6/483

involving scattered radiation

A61B6/484

involving phase contrast X-ray imaging

A61B6/485

involving fluorescence X-ray imaging

A61B6/486

involving generating temporal series of image data

A61B6/487

involving fluoroscopy

A61B6/488

involving pre-scan acquisition

A61B6/50

Clinical applications dentistry A61B6/14 takes precedence

A61B6/501

involving diagnosis of head, e.g. neuroimaging, craniography

A61B6/502

involving diagnosis of breast, i.e. mammography

A61B6/503

involving diagnosis of heart

A61B6/504

involving diagnosis of blood vessels, e.g. by angiography

A61B6/505

involving diagnosis of bone

A61B6/506

involving diagnosis of nerves

A61B6/507

involving determination of haemodynamic parameters, e.g. perfusion CT

A61B6/508

for non-human patients

A61B6/52

Devices using data or image processing specially adapted for radiation diagnosis

A61B6/5205

involving processing of raw data to produce diagnostic data

A61B6/5211

involving processing of medical diagnostic data

A61B6/5217

extracting a diagnostic or physiological parameter from medical diagnostic data

A61B6/5223

generating planar views from image data, e.g. extracting a coronal view from a 3D image

A61B6/5229

combining image data of a patient, e.g. combining a functional image with an anatomical image

A61B6/5235

combining images from the same or different ionising radiation imaging techniques, e.g. PET and CT

A61B6/5241

combining overlapping images of the same imaging modality, e.g. by stitching

A61B6/5247

combining images from an ionising-radiation diagnostic technique and a non-ionising radiation diagnostic technique, e.g. X-ray and ultrasound

A61B6/5252

removing objects from field of view, e.g. removing patient table from a CT image

A61B6/5258

involving detection or reduction of artifacts or noise

A61B6/5264

due to motion

A61B6/527

using data from a motion artifact sensor

A61B6/5276

involving measuring table sag

A61B6/5282

due to scatter

A61B6/5288

involving retrospective matching to a physiological signal

A61B6/5294

involving using additional data, e.g. patient information, image labeling, acquisition parameters

A61B6/54

Control of apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis

A61B6/541

involving acquisition triggered by a physiological signal

A61B6/542

involving control of exposure

A61B6/544

dependent on patient size

A61B6/545

involving automatic set-up of acquisition parameters

A61B6/547

involving tracking of position of the device or parts of the device

A61B6/548

Remote control of the apparatus or devices

A61B6/56

Details of data transmission or power supply, e.g. use of slip rings

A61B6/563

involving image data transmission via a network

A61B6/566

involving communication between diagnostic systems

A61B6/58

Testing, adjusting or calibrating apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis

A61B6/581

Remote testing of the apparatus or devices

A61B6/582

Calibration

A61B6/583

using calibration phantoms

A61B6/584

determining position of components of the apparatus or device using images of the phantom

A61B6/585

Calibration of detector units

A61B6/586

Detection of faults or malfunction of the device

A61B6/587

Alignment of source unit to detector unit

A61B6/588

Setting distance between source unit and detector unit

A61B6/589

Setting distance between source unit and patient

A61B7/00

Instruments for auscultation

A61B7/001

Detecting cranial noise, e.g. caused by aneurism

A61B7/003

Detecting lung or respiration noise

A61B7/005

Detecting noise caused by implants, e.g. cardiac valves

A61B7/006

Detecting skeletal, cartilage or muscle noise A61B7/003 and A61B7/008 take precedence

A61B7/008

Detecting noise of gastric tract, e.g. caused by voiding

A61B7/02

Stethoscopes

acoustic details thereof G10K11/00

A61B7/023

for introduction into the body, e.g. into the oesophagus oesophageal ECG probes A61B5/285

A61B7/026

comprising more than one sound collector

A61B7/04

Electric stethoscopes microphones, acoustic transducers therefor H04R

A61B7/045

Detection of Korotkoff sounds A61B5/0225 takes precedence; measuring blood pressure A61B5/021

A61B8/00

Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves imaging of objects using sonar G01S15/00

A61B8/02

Measuring pulse or heart rate

A61B8/04

Measuring blood pressure

A61B8/06

Measuring blood flow measuring volume flow in general G01F, e.g. G01F1/66, G01F1/72; measuring speed of fluids in general G01P5/00

A61B8/065

to determine blood output from the heart in general A61B5/029

A61B8/08

Detecting organic movements or changes, e.g. tumours, cysts, swellings A61B8/02 - A61B8/06 take precedence

A61B8/0808

for diagnosis of the brain

A61B8/0816

using echo-encephalography

A61B8/0825

for diagnosis of the breast, e.g. mammography

A61B8/0833

involving detecting or locating foreign bodies or organic structures

A61B8/0841

for locating instruments

A61B8/085

for locating body or organic structures, e.g. tumours, calculi, blood vessels, nodules

A61B8/0858

involving measuring tissue layers, e.g. skin, interfaces

A61B8/0866

involving foetal diagnosis; pre-natal or peri-natal diagnosis of the baby

A61B8/0875

for diagnosis of bone A61B5/4504 takes precedence

A61B8/0883

for diagnosis of the heart

A61B8/0891

for diagnosis of blood vessels

A61B8/10

Eye inspection

A61B8/12

in body cavities or body tracts, e.g. by using catheters catheters per se

A61M25/00

A61B8/13

Tomography A61B8/10, A61B8/12 take precedence; tomography for radiation diagnosis A61B6/02

A61B8/14

Echo-tomography

A61B8/145

characterised by scanning multiple planes

A61B8/15

Transmission-tomography

A61B8/40

Positioning of patients, e.g. means for holding or immobilising parts of the patient's body

A61B8/403

using compression means

A61B8/406

using means for diagnosing suspended breasts

A61B8/42

Details of probe positioning or probe attachment to the patient

A61B8/4209

by using holders, e.g. positioning frames

A61B8/4218

characterised by articulated arms

A61B8/4227

characterised by straps, belts, cuffs or braces

A61B8/4236

characterised by adhesive patches

A61B8/4245

involving determining the position of the probe, e.g. with respect to an external reference frame or to the patient

A61B8/4254

using sensors mounted on the probe

A61B8/4263

using sensors not mounted on the probe, e.g. mounted on an external reference frame

A61B8/4272

involving the acoustic interface between the transducer and the tissue

A61B8/4281

characterised by sound-transmitting media or devices for coupling the transducer to the tissue

A61B8/429

characterised by determining or monitoring the contact between the transducer and the tissue

A61B8/44

Constructional features of the ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic diagnostic device

A61B8/4405

Device being mounted on a trolley

A61B8/4411

Device being modular

A61B8/4416

related to combined acquisition of different diagnostic modalities, e.g. combination of ultrasound and X-ray acquisitions

A61B8/4422

related to hygiene or sterilisation

A61B8/4427

Device being portable or laptop-like

A61B8/4433

involving a docking unit

A61B8/4438

Means for identifying the diagnostic device, e.g. barcodes

A61B8/4444

related to the probe

A61B8/445

Details of catheter construction

A61B8/4455

Features of the external shape of the probe, e.g. ergonomic aspects

A61B8/4461

Features of the scanning mechanism, e.g. for moving the transducer within the housing of the probe

A61B8/4466

involving deflection of the probe

A61B8/4472

Wireless probes

A61B8/4477

using several separate ultrasound transducers or probes

A61B8/4483

characterised by features of the ultrasound transducer

A61B8/4488

the transducer being a phased array

A61B8/4494

characterised by the arrangement of the transducer elements devices for short-range imaging using particular transducer elements arrangements under G01S15/8909; arrangements of transducers in generation of mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic or ultrasonic frequency B06B1/0607

A61B8/46

Ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic diagnostic devices with special arrangements for interfacing with the operator or the patient

A61B8/461

Displaying means of special interest

A61B8/462

characterised by constructional features of the display

A61B8/463

characterised by displaying multiple images or images and diagnostic data on one display composite display in devices for short-range imaging with acoustic waves G01S7/52074

A61B8/464

involving a plurality of displays

A61B8/465

adapted to display user selection data, e.g. icons or menus

A61B8/466

adapted to display 3D data 3D imaging and stereoscopic displays in devices for short-range imaging with acoustic waves G01S15/8993 and G01S7/52068, respectively; 3D image rendering G06T15/00; manipulating 3D models for computer graphics G06T19/00

A61B8/467

characterised by special input means

A61B8/468

allowing annotation or message recording

A61B8/469

for selection of a region of interest

A61B8/48

Diagnostic techniques A61B8/13 takes precedence

A61B8/481

involving the use of contrast agent, e.g. microbubbles introduced into the bloodstream analysis of echo signal exploiting properties of a contrast enhancer in devices for short-range imaging with acoustic waves G01S7/52039

A61B8/483

involving the acquisition of a 3D volume of data

A61B8/485

involving measuring strain or elastic properties

A61B8/486

involving arbitrary m-mode

A61B8/488

involving Doppler signals

A61B8/52

Devices using data or image processing specially adapted for diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves image processing per se

G06T

A61B8/5207

involving processing of raw data to produce diagnostic data, e.g. for generating an image reconstruction G06T11/00

A61B8/5215

involving processing of medical diagnostic data

A61B8/5223

for extracting a diagnostic or physiological parameter from medical diagnostic data for algorithms to analyse biomedical images G06T7/0012

A61B8/523

for generating planar views from image data in a user selectable plane not corresponding to the acquisition plane

A61B8/5238

for combining image data of patient, e.g. merging several images from different acquisition modes into one image for image registration algorithms G06T7/30

A61B8/5246

combining images from the same or different imaging techniques, e.g. color Doppler and B-mode

A61B8/5253

combining overlapping images, e.g. spatial compounding

A61B8/5261

combining images from different diagnostic modalities, e.g. ultrasound and X-ray

A61B8/5269

involving detection or reduction of artifacts for image enhancement algorithms G06T5/00

A61B8/5276

due to motion

A61B8/5284

involving retrospective matching to a physiological signal

A61B8/5292

using additional data, e.g. patient information, image labeling, acquisition parameters

A61B8/54

Control of the diagnostic device

A61B8/543

involving acquisition triggered by a physiological signal

A61B8/546

involving monitoring or regulation of device temperature

A61B8/56

Details of data transmission or power supply

A61B8/565

involving data transmission via a network

A61B8/58

Testing, adjusting or calibrating the diagnostic device

A61B8/582

Remote testing of the device

A61B8/585

Automatic set-up of the device

A61B8/587

Calibration phantoms models for medical purposes G09B23/28

A61B9/00

Instruments for examination by percussion

Pleximeters

A61B9/005

Electric apparatus for detecting reflex action, e.g. monitoring depth of anaesthesia detection of movements A61B5/11

A61B10/00

Other methods or instruments for diagnosis, e.g. instruments for taking a cell sample, for biopsy, for vaccination diagnosis vaccination prophylaxis, vaccination therapy A61B17/20

Sex determination

Ovulation-period determination menstruation tables G06C3/00

Throat striking implements

Attention is drawn to group A61F13/15 which provides for swabs

A61B2010/0003

including means for analysis by an unskilled person

A61B2010/0006

involving a colour change

A61B2010/0009

Testing for drug or alcohol abuse

A61B10/0012

Ovulation-period determination for animals A61D17/002

A61B2010/0016

based on measurement of electric currents, e.g. conductivity tests

A61B2010/0019

based on measurement of temperature

A61B2010/0022

based on measurement of viscosity or visco-elasticity

A61B2010/0025

based on analysis of crystalisation structure

A61B2010/0029

based on time measurement

A61B2010/0032

based on measurement of pH-value

A61B10/0035

Vaccination diagnosis other than by injuring the skin, e.g. allergy test patches

A61B10/0038

Devices for taking faeces samples; Faecal examination devices anal receptacles A61F5/451

A61B10/0041

Detection of breast cancer mammography by transillumination A61B5/0091, by X-rays A61B6/502, by ultrasonic means A61B8/0825

A61B10/0045

Devices for taking samples of body liquids devices for taking blood samples A61B5/15

A61B10/0048

for taking amniotic fluid samples

A61B10/0051

for taking saliva or sputum samples devices for receiving spittle A61J9/00

A61B2010/0054

Ear liquid

A61B10/0058

for taking sperm samples artificial insemination A61B17/43; for animals A61D19/021; genital receptacles for the male member A61F5/453; massage of the genitals A61H19/00

A61B2010/0061

Alimentary tract secretions, e.g. biliary, gastric, intestinal, pancreatic secretions

A61B10/0064

for taking sweat or sebum samples measuring sweat production A61B5/4266

A61B2010/0067

Tear or lachrymal fluid

A61B10/007

for taking urine samples measuring urological functions A61B5/20; genital receptacles A61F5/451; urinals for bed-ridden persons A61G9/006

A61B2010/0074

Vaginal or cervical secretions

A61B2010/0077

Cerebrospinal fluid

A61B2010/008

Interstitial fluid

A61B2010/0083

for taking gas samples

A61B2010/0087

Breath samples

A61B2010/009

Various features of diagnostic instruments

A61B2010/0093

slide rules

A61B10/0096

Casings for storing test samples A61B10/0038 and A61B10/0045 take precedence; preservation of living parts of the human or animal body A01N1/02; containers for retaining a material to be analysed B01L3/50; containers for enzymology or microbiology C12M1/16; swab-sampler being part of enzymology or microbiology container C12M1/30

A61B10/02

Instruments for taking cell samples or for biopsy

A61B10/0038 and A61B10/0045 take precedence; needle locating or guiding means A61B17/3403; samplers for enzymology or microbiology C12M1/26; sampling or preparing biological specimens G01N33/48

A61B2010/0208

Biopsy devices with actuators, e.g. with triggered spring mechanisms

A61B2010/0216

Sampling brushes

A61B2010/0225

for taking multiple samples

A61B10/0233

Pointed or sharp biopsy instruments

A61B10/0241

for prostate

A61B10/025

for taking bone, bone marrow or cartilage samples

A61B2010/0258

Marrow samples

A61B10/0266

means for severing sample

A61B10/0275

with sample notch, e.g. on the side of inner stylet

A61B10/0283

with vacuum aspiration, e.g. caused by retractable plunger or by connected syringe A61B10/025, A61B10/0266 take precedence

A61B10/0291

for uterus A61B10/0045 takes precedence

A61B10/04

Endoscopic instruments

A61B2010/045

Needles pointed biopsy devices with vacuum aspiration A61B10/0283

A61B10/06

Biopsy forceps

, e.g. with cup-shaped jaws

A61B13/00

Instruments for depressing the tongue combined with illuminating and viewing instruments A61B1/24

A61B16/00

Devices specially adapted for vivisection or autopsy similar devices for medical purposes, see the relevant groups for such devices

; autopsy tables A61G13/0027

A61B17/00

Surgery

A61B17/00

Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets A61B18/00 takes precedence; contraceptive devices, pessaries, or applicators therefor A61F6/00; eye surgery A61F9/007; ear surgery A61F11/00

A61B2017/00004

(bio)absorbable, (bio)resorbable, resorptive for implantable prostheses A61F2210/0004

A61B17/00008

Vein tendon strippers tube strippers A61M1/83

A61B2017/00013

Cables with a stripper head

A61B2017/00017

Electrical control of surgical instruments

A61B2017/00022

Sensing or detecting at the treatment site

A61B2017/00026

Conductivity or impedance, e.g. of tissue

A61B2017/0003

of parts of the instruments

A61B2017/00035

A61B2017/00039

Electric or electromagnetic phenomena other than conductivity, e.g. capacity, inductivity, Hall effect

A61B2017/00044

Sensing electrocardiography, i.e. ECG

A61B2017/00048

Spectral analysis

A61B2017/00053

Mapping

A61B2017/00057

Light

A61B2017/00061

spectrum

A61B2017/00066

intensity

A61B2017/0007

Pyrometers

A61B2017/00075

Motion

A61B2017/00079

Radioactivity

A61B2017/00084

Temperature

A61B2017/00088

using thermistors

A61B2017/00092

using thermocouples

A61B2017/00097

one of the thermometric elements being an electrode or the heating element

A61B2017/00101

using an array of thermosensors

A61B2017/00106

ultrasonic

A61B2017/0011

piezo-electric

A61B2017/00115

with audible or visual output with imaging means A61B90/37, A61B34/20

A61B2017/00119

alarm; indicating an abnormal situation

A61B2017/00123

and automatic shutdown

A61B2017/00128

related to intensity or progress of surgical action

A61B2017/00132

Setting operation time of a device A61B2017/00123 takes precedence

A61B2017/00137

Details of operation mode

A61B2017/00141

continuous, e.g. wave

A61B2017/00146

with multiple frequencies

A61B2017/0015

applied simultaneously

A61B2017/00154

pulsed

A61B2017/00159

Pulse shapes

A61B2017/00163

starting with a negative pulse

A61B2017/00168

Spike

A61B2017/00172

Pulse trains, bursts, intermittent continuous operation

A61B2017/00176

Two pulses, e.g. second pulse having an effect different from the first one

A61B2017/00181

Means for setting or varying the pulse energy

A61B2017/00185

Means for setting or varying the pulse height

A61B2017/0019

Means for setting or varying the pulse width

A61B2017/00194

Means for setting or varying the repetition rate

A61B2017/00199

with a console, e.g. a control panel with a display

A61B2017/00203

with speech control or speech recognition

A61B2017/00207

with hand gesture control or hand gesture recognition

A61B2017/00212

using remote controls

A61B2017/00216

with eye tracking or head position tracking control

A61B2017/00221

with wireless transmission of data, e.g. by infrared radiation or radiowaves

A61B2017/00225

Systems for controlling multiple different instruments, e.g. microsurgical systems

A61B2017/0023

disposable

A61B17/00234

for minimally invasive surgery A61B17/0218, A61B17/0469, A61B17/12013, A61B17/1285, A61B17/29, A61B17/320016 take precedence

A61B2017/00238

Type of minimally invasive operation A61B2017/00805 takes precedence

A61B2017/00243

cardiac

A61B2017/00247

Making holes in the wall of the heart, e.g. laser Myocardial revascularization

A61B2017/00252

for by-pass connections, i.e. connections from heart chamber to blood vessel or from blood vessel to blood vessel

A61B2017/00256

Creating an electrical block

A61B2017/00261

Discectomy

A61B2017/00265

Hand assisted surgery, i.e. minimally invasive surgery with at least part of an assisting hand inside the body

A61B2017/00269

endoscopic mucosal resection EMR

A61B2017/00274

Prostate operation, e.g. prostatectomy, turp, bhp treatment

A61B2017/00278

Transorgan operations, e.g. transgastric

A61B2017/00283

with a device releasably connected to an inner wall of the abdomen during surgery, e.g. an illumination source

A61B2017/00287

Bags for minimally invasive surgery

A61B2017/00292

mounted on or guided by flexible, e.g. catheter-like, means

A61B2017/00296

mounted on an endoscope

A61B2017/003

Steerable

A61B2017/00305

Constructional details of the flexible means

A61B2017/00309

Cut-outs or slits

A61B2017/00314

Separate linked members

A61B2017/00318

Steering mechanisms

A61B2017/00323

Cables or rods

A61B2017/00327

with actuating members moving in opposite directions

A61B2017/00331

with preformed bends

A61B2017/00336

with a protective sleeve, e.g. retractable or slidable

A61B2017/0034

adapted to be inserted through a working channel of an endoscope

A61B2017/00345

Micromachines, nanomachines, microsystems

A61B2017/00349

Needle-like instruments having hook or barb-like gripping means, e.g. for grasping suture or tissue A61B17/06066 takes precedence

A61B2017/00353

one mechanical instrument performing multiple functions, e.g. cutting and grasping channel for multiple instruments A61B2017/3445; instrument channel A61B2017/22072; replaceable heads A61B2017/2931; suction A61M1/00

A61B2017/00358

Snares for grasping

A61B2017/00362

Packages or dispensers for MIS instruments A61B2017/0479 takes precedence

A61B2017/00367

Details of actuation of instruments, e.g. relations between pushing buttons, or the like, and activation of the tool, working tip, or the like

A61B2017/00371

Multiple actuation, e.g. pushing of two buttons, or two working tips becoming operational

A61B2017/00376

Simultaneous actuation of two tools by simultaneously pushing two buttons

A61B2017/0038

Simultaneous actuation of two tools by pushing one button or the like

A61B2017/00384

Actuation of one tool by pushing two buttons simultaneously

A61B2017/00389

Button or wheel for performing multiple functions, e.g. rotation of shaft and end effector

A61B2017/00393

with means for switching between functions

A61B2017/00398

using powered actuators, e.g. stepper motors, solenoids

A61B2017/00402

Piezo electric actuators

A61B2017/00407

Ratchet means

A61B2017/00411

actuated by application of energy from an energy source outside the body

A61B2017/00415

having power generation near the working tip of the tool

A61B2017/0042

with special provisions for gripping

A61B2017/00424

ergonomic, e.g. fitting in fist

A61B2017/00429

with a roughened portion

A61B2017/00433

knurled

A61B2017/00438

connectable to a finger

A61B2017/00442

connectable to wrist or forearm

A61B2017/00446

for use only by lefthanded or only by righthanded persons

A61B2017/00451

by lefthanded persons

A61B2017/00455

Orientation indicators, e.g. recess on the handle

A61B2017/0046

with a releasable handle; with handle and operating part separable for prosthetic joint-implanting tools A61F2/4603

A61B2017/00464

for use with different instruments with hole for different instruments A61B2017/22072

A61B2017/00469

for insertion of instruments, e.g. guide wire, optical fibre

A61B2017/00473

Distal part, e.g. tip or head A61B2017/00464 takes precedence

A61B2017/00477

Coupling A61B2017/0046 takes precedence

A61B2017/00482

with a code

A61B2017/00486

Adaptors for coupling parts with incompatible geometries

A61B17/00491

Surgical glue applicators surgical adhesives A61L24/00; two-component delivery syringes A61M5/19

A61B2017/00495

for two-component glue

A61B2017/005

hardenable using external energy source, e.g. laser, ultrasound

A61B2017/00504

Tissue welding

A61B2017/00508

using laser

A61B2017/00513

Tissue soldering

A61B2017/00517

using laser

A61B2017/00522

Sprayers

A61B2017/00526

Methods of manufacturing

A61B2017/0053

Loading magazines or sutures into applying tools

A61B2017/00535

pneumatically or hydraulically operated A61B2017/22051, A61B2090/401 take precedence

A61B2017/00539

hydraulically

A61B2017/00544

pneumatically

A61B2017/00548

Gas cartridges therefor

A61B2017/00553

using a turbine

A61B2017/00557

inflatable A61B2017/22051 takes precedence

A61B2017/00561

creating a vacuum

A61B2017/00566

fixation of form upon application of vacuum

A61B17/0057

Implements for plugging an opening in the wall of a hollow or tubular organ, e.g. for sealing a vessel puncture or closing a cardiac septal defect sutures A61B17/04; closing rectum or urethra near body surface A61F2/0009

A61B2017/00575

for closure at remote site, e.g. closing atrial septum defects

A61B2017/00579

Barbed implements

A61B2017/00584

Clips

A61B2017/00588

Rigid or stiff implements, e.g. made of several rigid parts linked by hinges

A61B2017/00592

Elastic or resilient implements

A61B2017/00597

Implements comprising a membrane

A61B2017/00601

Implements entirely comprised between the two sides of the opening

A61B2017/00606

Implements H-shaped in cross-section, i.e. with occluders on both sides of the opening

A61B2017/0061

Implements located only on one side of the opening

A61B2017/00615

Implements with an occluder on one side of the opening and holding means therefor on the other

A61B2017/00619

Locking means for locking the implement in expanded state

A61B2017/00623

Introducing or retrieving devices therefor

A61B2017/00628

T-shaped occluders

A61B2017/00632

Occluding a cavity, i.e. closing a blind opening

A61B2017/00637

for sealing trocar wounds through abdominal wall

A61B2017/00641

for closing fistulae, e.g. anorectal fistulae

A61B2017/00646

Type of implements

A61B2017/0065

the implement being an adhesive

A61B2017/00654

entirely comprised between the two sides of the opening

A61B2017/00659

located only on one side of the opening

A61B2017/00663

the implement being a suture

A61B2017/00668

the implement being a tack or a staple

A61B2017/00672

Locating means therefor, e.g. bleed back lumen

A61B2017/00676

promotion of self-sealing of the puncture

A61B2017/00681

Aspects not otherwise provided for

A61B2017/00685

Archimedes screw

A61B2017/0069

with universal joint, cardan joint

A61B2017/00694

with means correcting for movement of or for synchronisation with the body

A61B2017/00699

correcting for movement caused by respiration, e.g. by triggering

A61B2017/00703

correcting for movement of heart, e.g. ECG-triggered

A61B2017/00707

Dummies, phantoms; Devices simulating patient or parts of patient

A61B2017/00712

simulating mathematical properties, e.g. for testing of positioning in the isocentre or focus

A61B2017/00716

simulating physical properties

A61B2017/00721

using artificial kidney stones for testing purposes

A61B2017/00725

Calibration or performance testing

A61B2017/0073

with means for minimising or preventing pain during treatment

A61B2017/00734

battery operated

A61B2017/00738

part of the tool being offset with respect to a main axis, e.g. for better view for the surgeon

A61B2017/00743

Type of operation; Specification of treatment sites A61B2017/00238 takes precedence

A61B2017/00747

Dermatology

A61B2017/00752

Hair removal or transplantation

A61B2017/00756

Port wine stains

A61B2017/00761

Removing layer of skin tissue, e.g. wrinkles, scars or cancerous tissue

A61B2017/00765

Decreasing the barrier function of skin tissue by radiated energy, e.g. using ultrasound, using laser for skin perforation

A61B2017/00769

Tattoo removal

A61B2017/00774

Wart

A61B2017/00778

Operations on blood vessels A61B2017/22097, A61B2017/320741 take precedence

A61B2017/00783

Valvuloplasty

A61B2017/00787

Surgery of the ear

A61B2017/00792

Plastic surgery

A61B2017/00796

Breast surgery

A61B2017/008

Removal of tumors

A61B2017/00805

Treatment of female stress urinary incontinence

A61B2017/00809

Lung operations

A61B2017/00814

Surgery of the tongue, e.g. glossoplasty

A61B2017/00818

Treatment of the gastro-intestinal system

A61B2017/00823

Appendectomy

A61B2017/00827

Treatment of gastro-esophageal reflux

A61B2017/00831

Material properties

A61B2017/00836

corrosion-resistant A61B2017/00853 takes precedence; preventing galvanic or electrolytic corrosion in prostheses A61F2210/0009

A61B2017/0084

low friction A61B2017/00853 takes precedence

A61B2017/00845

of moving parts with respect to each other

A61B2017/00849

with respect to tissue, e.g. hollow organs

A61B2017/00853

low friction, hydrophobic and corrosion-resistant fluorocarbon resin coating (ptf, ptfe, polytetrafluoroethylene)

A61B2017/00858

high friction, non-slip on handles A61B2017/00429

A61B2017/00862

elastic or resilient for sutures A61B2017/0618

A61B2017/00867

shape memory effect for prostheses A61F2210/0014

A61B2017/00871

polymeric

A61B2017/00876

magnetic

A61B2017/0088

ceramic

A61B2017/00884

enhancing wound closure

A61B2017/00889

antimicrobial, disinfectant

A61B2017/00893

pharmaceutically effective

A61B2017/00898

expandable upon contact with fluid

A61B2017/00902

transparent or translucent

A61B2017/00907

for light

A61B2017/00911

for fields applied by a magnetic resonance imaging system

A61B2017/00915

for radioactive radiation

A61B2017/0092

for X-rays

A61B2017/00924

for ultrasonic waves

A61B2017/00929

isolating electrical current

A61B2017/00933

bone or bone-like

A61B2017/00938

hydrophobic

A61B2017/00942

hydrophilic

A61B2017/00946

malleable

A61B2017/00951

adhesive

A61B2017/00955

thermoplastic

A61B2017/0096

self cleaning, e.g. having lotus effect

A61B2017/00964

composite

A61B2017/00969

used for transplantation

A61B2017/00973

pedal-operated

A61B2017/00977

the depression depth determining the power rate

A61B2017/00982

General structural features

A61B2017/00986

Malecots, e.g. slotted tubes, of which the distal end is pulled to deflect side struts

A61B2017/00991

Telescopic means

A61B2017/00995

having a thin film

A61B17/02

for holding wounds open

Tractors

specula A61B1/32

; drainage appliances for wounds A61M27/00

A61B17/0206

with antagonistic arms as supports for retractor elements

A61B2017/0212

Cushions or pads, without holding arms, as tissue retainers, e.g. for retracting viscera

A61B17/0218

for minimally invasive surgery A61B17/0281, A61B17/0469, A61B17/12013, A61B17/1285, A61B17/29, A61B17/320016 take precedence

A61B2017/0225

flexible, e.g. fabrics, meshes, or membranes

A61B17/0231

for eye surgery

A61B2017/0237

for heart surgery endoscopic heart surgery A61B2017/00243; endoscopic access devices, i.e. trocars, A61B17/34

A61B2017/0243

for immobilizing local areas of the heart, e.g. while it beats trocars attached to inner organs or inner body tissue A61B2017/3488

A61B17/025

Joint distractors

A61B2017/0256

for the spine

A61B2017/0262

with a provision for protecting nerves

A61B2017/0268

for the knee

A61B2017/0275

for the hip

A61B17/0281

Abdominal wall lifters

A61B2017/0287

with elastic retracting members connectable to a frame, e.g. hooked elastic wires

A61B17/0293

with ring member to support retractor elements

A61B17/04

for suturing wounds

Holders or packages for needles or suture materials suture materials A61L17/00

A61B17/0401

Suture anchors, buttons or pledgets, i.e. means for attaching sutures to bone, cartilage or soft tissue; Instruments for applying or removing suture anchors A61B17/0642 takes precedence; fixation devices for tendons or ligaments A61F2/0811

A61B2017/0403

Dowels other bone dowels A61B17/68; dowels for connecting prosthetic parts A61F2002/30433

A61B2017/0404

Buttons

A61B2017/0406

Pledgets

A61B2017/0408

Rivets other bone rivets A61B17/68; rivets for connecting prosthetic parts A61F2002/30433, A61F2220/0041

A61B2017/0409

Instruments for applying suture anchors for applying suture clamps, clips or locks A61B2017/0488

A61B2017/0411

Instruments for removing suture anchors for removing suture clamps, clips or locks A61B2017/049

A61B2017/0412

having anchoring barbs or pins extending outwardly from suture anchor body

A61B2017/0414

having a suture-receiving opening, e.g. lateral opening lateral eyelet for attaching suture to needle A61B2017/06019

A61B2017/0416

Packages or dispensers for suture anchors or for anchor applicators

A61B2017/0417

T-fasteners

A61B2017/0419

H-fasteners

A61B2017/042

plastically deformed during insertion

A61B2017/0422

by insertion of a separate member into the body of the anchor

A61B2017/0424

the separate member staying in the anchor after placement

A61B2017/0425

the anchor or the separate member comprising threads, e.g. a set screw in the anchor

A61B2017/0427

having anchoring barbs or pins extending outwardly from the anchor body

A61B2017/0429

the barbs being expanded by a mechanical mechanism which also locks them in the expanded state

A61B2017/043

by insertion of a separate spreading member into the anchor

A61B2017/0432

the separate member staying in the anchor after placement

A61B2017/0433

the anchor or the separate member comprising threads, e.g. a set screw or a worm gear for moving spreading members

A61B2017/0435

the barbs being separate elements mechanically linked to the anchor, e.g. by pivots

A61B2017/0437

the barbs being resilient or spring-like

A61B2017/0438

slotted, i.e. having a longitudinal slot for enhancing their elasticity

A61B2017/044

with a threaded shaft, e.g. screws

A61B2017/0441

the shaft being a rigid coil or spiral

A61B2017/0443

the shaft being resilient and having a coiled or helical shape in the released state

A61B2017/0445

cannulated, e.g. with a longitudinal through-hole for passage of an instrument

A61B2017/0446

Means for attaching and blocking the suture in the suture anchor

A61B2017/0448

Additional elements on or within the anchor

A61B2017/045

snug fit within the anchor

A61B2017/0451

Cams or wedges holding the suture by friction

A61B2017/0453

threaded elements, e.g. set screws

A61B2017/0454

the anchor being crimped or clamped on the suture

A61B2017/0456

Surface features on the anchor, e.g. ribs increasing friction between the suture and the anchor

A61B2017/0458

Longitudinal through hole, e.g. suture blocked by a distal suture knot

A61B2017/0459

Multiple holes in the anchor through which the suture extends and locking the suture when tension is applied

A61B2017/0461

with features cooperating with special features on the suture, e.g. protrusions on the suture

A61B2017/0462

One way system, i.e. also tensioning the suture

A61B2017/0464

for soft tissue

A61B17/0466

Suture bridges

A61B17/0467

Instruments for cutting sutures surgical cutting instruments A61B17/32

A61B17/0469

Suturing instruments for use in minimally invasive surgery, e.g. endoscopic surgery

A61B2017/047

having at least one proximally pointing needle located at the distal end of the instrument, e.g. for suturing trocar puncture wounds starting from inside the body J-shaped suture needles A61B2017/0608

A61B2017/0472

Multiple-needled, e.g. double-needled, instruments

A61B2017/0474

Knot pushers

A61B2017/0475

using sutures having a slip knot

A61B2017/0477

with pre-tied sutures

A61B2017/0479

Packages or dispensers for MIS suturing instruments

A61B2017/048

for reducing heart wall tension, e.g. sutures with a pad on each extremity

A61B17/0482

Needle or suture guides guides for drills, pins or wire A61B17/17; for puncturing needles A61B17/3403

A61B17/0483

Hand-held instruments for holding sutures A61B17/0469 takes precedence; other holders for needles or sutures A61B17/06061; surgical forceps A61B17/28; surgical pincettes A61B17/30

A61B17/0485

Devices or means, e.g. loops, for capturing the suture thread and threading it through an opening of a suturing instrument or needle eyelet

A61B17/0487

Suture clamps, clips or locks, e.g. for replacing suture knots; Instruments for applying or removing suture clamps, clips or locks suture anchors A61B17/0401; wound clamps or clips A61B17/08; ligaturing clamps or clips A61B17/122

A61B2017/0488

Instruments for applying suture clamps, clips or locks for applying suture anchors A61B2017/0409; for applying wound clamps A61B17/10; for applying ligaturing clamps or clips A61B17/128

A61B2017/049

Instruments for removing suture clamps, clips or locks for removing suture anchors A61B2017/0411; for removing wound clamps A61B17/10; for removing ligaturing clamps or clips A61B17/128

A61B17/0491

Sewing machines for surgery

A61B17/0493

Protective devices for suturing, i.e. for protecting the patient's organs or the operator

A61B2017/0495

Reinforcements for suture lines

A61B2017/0496

for tensioning sutures

A61B2017/0498

for advancing a suture filament along a helical path through tissue

A61B17/06

Needles

; Sutures; Needle-suture combinations

Holders or packages for needles or suture materials puncturing needles A61B17/34; hypodermic needles A61M5/32

; sewing needles D05B85/00

A61B17/06004

Means for attaching suture to needle tipping A61B17/06195; connecting wire to other metallic objects B21F15/00

A61B2017/06009

having additional means for releasably clamping the suture to the needle, e.g. actuating rod slideable within the needle

A61B2017/06014

spring-loaded

A61B2017/06019

by means of a suture-receiving lateral eyelet machined in the needle lateral opening for attaching suture to suture anchor A61B2017/0414

A61B2017/06023

Multiple eyelets

A61B2017/06028

by means of a cylindrical longitudinal blind bore machined at the suture-receiving end of the needle, e.g. opposite to needle tip

A61B2017/06033

using adhesives glue applicators A61B17/00491; for connecting prosthetic parts A61F2002/30448

A61B2017/06038

soldered or brazed or welded for connecting prosthetic parts A61F2002/30451, A61F2220/0058

A61B2017/06042

located close to needle tip

A61B2017/06047

located at the middle of the needle

A61B2017/06052

Needle-suture combinations in which a suture is extending inside a hollow tubular needle, e.g. over the entire length of the needle hollow suture needles A61B2017/061

A61B2017/06057

Double-armed sutures, i.e. sutures having a needle attached to each end

A61B17/06061

Holders for needles or sutures, e.g. racks, stands hand-held holding instruments A61B17/0483; holders for articles A61B50/20; racks for syringes or for hypodermic or infusion needles A61M5/008

A61B17/06066

Needles, e.g. needle tip configurations making needles B21G1/00

A61B2017/06071

with an abrupt angle formed between two adjacent sections

A61B2017/06076

helically or spirally coiled for sutures A61B2017/06171

A61B2017/0608

J-shaped

A61B2017/06085

having a blunt tip blunt dissectors A61B2017/320044

A61B2017/0609

having sharp tips at both ends, e.g. shuttle needle alternately retained and released by first and second facing jaws of a suturing instrument MIS suturing instruments A61B17/0469; jaws of MIS forceps A61B2017/2926

A61B2017/06095

pliable

A61B2017/061

hollow or tubular suture extending inside a hollow needle A61B2017/06052; hollow sutures A61B2017/06185

A61B2017/06104

interconnected at their distal ends, e.g. two hollow needles forming a loop for passing a suture

A61B17/06109

Big needles, either gripped by hand or connectable to a handle

A61B17/06114

Packages or dispensers for needles or sutures packages for sharps A61B50/3001; for dental floss A61C15/043; packages for needles in general B65D85/24

A61B17/06119

of cylindrical shape

A61B17/06123

Flat cylinders, e.g. including an inner reel

A61B17/06128

Elongate cylinders, i.e. tubes

A61B17/06133

of parallelepipedal shape, e.g. made of rectangular or slightly oval panels

A61B17/06138

including a retainer comprising three or more foldable panels

A61B2017/06142

having needle- or suture- retaining members, e.g. holding tabs or needle parks

A61B2017/06147

Foam blocks, e.g. slitted

A61B2017/06152

containing a suture wound in a figure-8 configuration

A61B2017/06157

containing a suture wound in a sinusoidal or zigzag configuration

A61B17/06161

Devices for removing or collecting used needles or sutures A61B17/0467 takes precedence; for sharps A61B50/362

A61B17/06166

Sutures suture materials A61L17/00; manufacture of artificial threads D01D; treatment of threads D06M

A61B2017/06171

helically or spirally coiled for needles A61B2017/06076

A61B2017/06176

with protrusions, e.g. barbs

A61B2017/0618

elastic, e.g. stretchable for prostheses A61F2210/0057

A61B2017/06185

hollow or tubular hollow suture needles A61B2017/061

A61B2017/0619

thermoplastic, e.g. for bonding, welding, fusing or cutting the suture by melting it suture cutters A61B17/0467; ultrasonic cutters A61B17/320068; electrically heated instruments A61B18/08

A61B17/06195

Apparatus or means for preparing the cut end of the suture thread to be attached to the needle, e.g. tipping to prevent brooming A61B17/06004 takes precedence

A61B17/062

Needle manipulators

A61B17/0625

the needle being specially adapted to interact with the manipulator, e.g. being ridged to snap fit in a hole of the manipulator A61B17/06109 takes precedence

A61B17/064

Surgical staples,

i.e. penetrating the tissue

A61B2017/0641

having at least three legs as part of one single body

A61B17/0642

for bones, e.g. for osteosynthesis or connecting tendon to bone

A61B17/0643

with separate closing member, e.g. for interlocking with staple

A61B17/0644

penetrating the tissue, deformable to closed position

A61B2017/0645

being elastically deformed for insertion

A61B2017/0646

for insertion into cartillege, e.g. meniscus

A61B2017/0647

having one single leg, e.g. tacks

A61B2017/0648

threaded, e.g. tacks with a screw thread

A61B2017/0649

Coils or spirals

A61B17/068

Surgical staplers

, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps

staplers containing only one staple A61B17/10; magazines or containers for staples A61B17/105;

for performing anastomosis A61B17/115;

staplers in general B25C5/00

A61B17/0682

for applying U-shaped staples or clamps, e.g. without a forming anvil

A61B17/0684

having a forming anvil staying above the tissue during stapling

A61B17/0686

having a forming anvil staying below the tissue during stapling

A61B2017/0688

Packages or dispensers for surgical staplers

A61B17/072

for applying a row of staples in a single action

, e.g. the staples being applied simultaneously

A61B17/07207

the staples being applied sequentially

A61B2017/07214

Stapler heads

A61B2017/07221

curved

A61B2017/07228

Arrangement of the staples

A61B2017/07235

containing different staples, e.g. staples of different shapes, sizes or materials

A61B2017/07242

achieving different staple heights during the same shot, e.g. using an anvil anvil having different heights or staples of different sizes

A61B2017/0725

with settable gap between anvil and cartridge, e.g. for different staple heights at different shots

A61B2017/07257

characterised by its anvil

A61B2017/07264

characterised by its staple forming cavities, e.g. geometry or material

A61B2017/07271

characterised by its cartridge

A61B2017/07278

characterised by its sled or its staple holder

A61B2017/07285

characterised by its cutter

A61B17/07292

Reinforcements for staple line, e.g. pledgets

A61B17/076

for removing surgical staples

or wound clamps

A61B17/08

Wound clamps

or clips, i.e. not or only partly penetrating the tissue suture bridges A61B17/0466; Devices for bringing together the edges of a wound

A61B2017/081

Tissue approximator A61B2017/1103, A61B17/8866 take precedence

A61B17/083

Clips, e.g. resilient

A61B17/085

with adhesive layer

A61B2017/086

having flexible threads, filaments, laces or wires, e.g. parallel threads, extending laterally from a strip, e.g. for tying to opposing threads extending from a similar strip

A61B2017/088

Sliding fasteners

A61B17/10

for applying or removing wound clamps,

e.g. containing only one clamp or staple A61B17/076 takes precedence; containing multiple wound clamps A61B17/068

Wound clamp magazines containers, packaging elements or packages specially adapted for particular articles or with special means for dispensing contents B65D83/00, B65D85/00

A61B17/105

Wound clamp magazines for packaging sharps A61B50/3001

A61B17/11

for performing anastomosis

Buttons for anastomosis

A61B2017/1103

Approximator

A61B2017/1107

for blood vessels

A61B2017/111

with means for removing a constriction after performing anastomosis

A61B17/1114

of the digestive tract, e.g. bowels or oesophagus

A61B2017/1117

adapted for discharge after necrotisation, e.g. by evacuation, expulsion or excretion

A61B2017/1121

adapted for performing tissue or graft eversion

A61B2017/1125

Forceps, specially adapted for performing or assisting anastomosis

A61B17/1128

of nerves

A61B2017/1132

End-to-end connections

A61B2017/1135

End-to-side connections, e.g. T- or Y-connections Y-shaped blood vessel prostheses A61F2002/065

A61B2017/1139

Side-to-side connections, e.g. shunt or X-connections

A61B2017/1142

Purse-string sutures

A61B17/1146

of tendons

A61B17/115

Staplers

for performing anastomosis in a single operation

A61B17/1152

applying the staples on the outside of the lumen

A61B17/1155

Circular staplers comprising a plurality of staples

A61B2017/1157

applying the staples radially

A61B17/12

for ligaturing or otherwise compressing tubular parts of the body, e.g. blood vessels, umbilical cord specially adapted for vas deferens or fallopian tubes A61F6/20; materials for ligaturing blood vessels A61L17/00

A61B2017/12004

for haemostasis, for prevention of bleeding

A61B17/12009

Implements for ligaturing other than by clamps or clips, e.g. using a loop with a slip knot

A61B17/12013

for use in minimally invasive surgery, e.g. endoscopic surgery

A61B2017/12018

Elastic band ligators

A61B17/12022

Occluding by internal devices, e.g. balloons or releasable wires plugging an opening in the wall of an organ A61B17/0057; occluders for the cervical canal A61F6/146; vas deferens occluders A61F6/20

A61B17/12027

Type of occlusion A61B17/12113 takes precedence

A61B17/12031

complete occlusion

A61B17/12036

partial occlusion

A61B17/1204

temporary occlusion

A61B17/12045

double occlusion, e.g. during anastomosis

A61B2017/1205

Introduction devices

A61B2017/12054

Details concerning the detachment of the occluding device from the introduction device

A61B2017/12059

Joint of soluble material

A61B2017/12063

electrolytically detachable

A61B2017/12068

detachable by heat

A61B2017/12072

the heat created by laser light

A61B2017/12077

Joint changing shape upon application of heat, e.g. bi-metal or reversible thermal memory

A61B2017/12081

detachable by inflation

A61B2017/12086

magnetically detachable

A61B2017/1209

detachable by electrical current or potential, e.g. electroactive polymer

A61B2017/12095

Threaded connection

A61B17/12099

characterised by the location of the occluder

A61B17/12104

in an air passage

A61B17/12109

in a blood vessel

A61B17/12113

within an aneurysm

A61B17/12118

for positioning in conjunction with a stent

A61B17/12122

within the heart for closing a cardiac septal defect A61B17/0057

A61B2017/12127

Double occlusion, e.g. for creating blood-free anastomosis site

A61B17/12131

characterised by the type of occluding device

A61B17/12136

Balloons

A61B17/1214

Coils or wires

A61B17/12145

having a pre-set deployed three-dimensional shape methods of manufacturing A61B2017/00526

A61B17/1215

comprising additional materials, e.g. thrombogenic, having filaments, having fibers, being coated

A61B17/12154

having stretch limiting means

A61B17/12159

Solid plugs; being solid before insertion

A61B17/12163

having a string of elements connected to each other

A61B17/12168

having a mesh structure A61B17/1214 takes precedence

A61B17/12172

having a pre-set deployed three-dimensional shape methods of manufacturing A61B2017/00526

A61B17/12177

comprising additional materials, e.g. thrombogenic, having filaments, having fibers or being coated

A61B17/12181

formed by fluidized, gelatinous or cellular remodelable materials, e.g. embolic liquids, foams or extracellular matrices

A61B17/12186

liquid materials adapted to be injected

A61B17/1219

expandable in contact with liquids

A61B17/12195

comprising a curable material

A61B17/122

Clamps or clips

, e.g. for the umbilical cord for the vas deferens A61F6/206

A61B17/1222

Packages or dispensers therefor clip magazines incorporated in a clip-applying instrument A61B17/128; for surgical articles A61B50/30

A61B2017/1225

for clipping and cutting in a single operation

A61B17/1227

Spring clips

A61B17/128

for applying or removing clamps or clips

A61B17/1285

for minimally invasive surgery

A61B17/132

Tourniquets

sphygmomanometer A61B5/022

A61B17/1322

comprising a flexible encircling member A61B17/135 takes precedence

A61B17/1325

with means for applying local pressure pressure pads A61F5/30

A61B17/1327

Tensioning clamps

A61B17/135

inflatable for measuring blood pressure A61B5/022; inflatable pressure pads A61F5/34

A61B17/1355

Automated control means therefor

A61B17/14

Surgical saws

A61B17/1637 takes precedence;

tooth saws A61C3/12

; Accessories therefor

A61B17/142

with reciprocating saw blades, e.g. with cutting edges at the distal end of the saw blades

A61B17/144

with cutting edges at the side of the saw blades

A61B17/147

with circularly moving saw blades, i.e. non-reciprocating saw blades

A61B17/149

Chain, wire or band saws

A61B17/15

Guides therefor

arrangements for guiding straight saw blades in general B23D51/025

A61B17/151

for corrective osteotomy

A61B17/152

for removing a wedge-shaped piece of bone

A61B17/154

for preparing bone for knee prosthesis

A61B17/155

Cutting femur

A61B17/157

Cutting tibia

A61B17/158

Cutting patella

A61B17/16

Bone cutting, breaking or removal means other than saws, e.g.

Osteoclasts

Drills or chisels for bones

Trepans

arthroscopic bone cutters A61B17/320016; dental implant drills potentially for other surgical use A61C8/0089; bone grinders A61F2/4644, A22C17/06; A61B17/1662 takes precedence over all other subgroups except A61B17/17

A61B2017/1602

Mills

A61B17/1604

Chisels; Rongeurs; Punches; Stamps

A61B17/1606

of forceps type, i.e. having two jaw elements moving relative to each other

A61B17/1608

the two jaw elements being linked to two elongated shaft elements moving longitudinally relative to each other

A61B17/1611

the two jaw elements being integral with respective elongate shaft elements

A61B17/1613

Component parts

A61B17/1615

Drill bits, i.e. rotating tools extending from a handpiece to contact the worked material

A61B17/1617

with mobile or detachable parts

A61B17/162

Chucks or tool parts which are to be held in a chuck

A61B17/1622

Drill handpieces A61B17/1626, A61B17/1628 take precedence

A61B17/1624

Drive mechanisms therefor

A61B17/1626

Control means; Display units

A61B17/1628

Motors; Power supplies

A61B17/1631

Special drive shafts, e.g. flexible shafts A61B17/1642, A61B17/164 take precedence

A61B17/1633

Sleeves, i.e. non-rotating parts surrounding the bit shaft, e.g. the sleeve forming a single unit with the bit shaft A61B17/1644 takes precedence

A61B17/1635

for grafts, harvesting or transplants

A61B17/1637

Hollow drills or saws producing a curved cut, e.g. cylindrical A61B10/025, A61B17/1695 take precedence

A61B17/164

intramedullary

A61B17/1642

for producing a curved bore

A61B17/1644

using fluid other than turbine drive fluid

A61B17/1646

with sealing means

A61B2017/1648

as cutting jet

A61B2017/1651

for cooling

A61B2017/1653

for lubrication

A61B17/1655

for tapping

A61B17/1657

Bone breaking devices

A61B17/1659

Surgical rasps, files, planes, or scrapers

A61B17/1662

for particular parts of the body

A61B17/1664

for the hip

A61B17/1666

for the acetabulum

A61B17/1668

for the upper femur A61B17/164 takes precedence

A61B17/1671

for the spine

A61B17/1673

for the jaw

A61B17/1675

for the knee

A61B17/1677

for the patella

A61B17/1679

for the ear

A61B17/1682

for the foot or ankle

A61B17/1684

for the shoulder

A61B17/1686

for the hand or wrist

A61B17/1688

for the sinus or nose

A61B17/1691

for the sternum

A61B17/1693

for the ribs

A61B17/1695

Trepans or craniotomes, i.e. specially adapted for drilling thin bones such as the skull

A61B17/1697

specially adapted for wire insertion

A61B17/17

Guides

or aligning means

for drills

, mills, pins or wires

A61B17/1703

using imaging means, e.g. by X-rays

A61B17/1707

using electromagnetic effects, e.g. with magnet and external sensors

A61B17/171

for external fixation

A61B17/1714

for applying tendons or ligaments implements for applying tendons or ligaments A61F2/0805

A61B17/1717

for applying intramedullary nails or pins

A61B17/1721

for applying pins along or parallel to the axis of the femoral neck

A61B17/1725

for applying transverse screws or pins through intramedullary nails or pins

A61B17/1728

for holes for bone plates or plate screws

A61B17/1732

for bone breaking devices

A61B17/1735

for rasps or chisels

A61B17/1739

specially adapted for particular parts of the body

A61B17/1742

for the hip

A61B17/1746

for the acetabulum

A61B17/175

for preparing the femur for hip prosthesis insertion

A61B17/1753

for fixing pins through femoral hip prostheses

A61B17/1757

for the spine

A61B17/176

for the jaw guiding dental drills A61C1/082

A61B17/1764

for the knee

A61B17/1767

for the patella

A61B17/1771

for the ear

A61B17/1775

for the foot or ankle

A61B17/1778

for the shoulder

A61B17/1782

for the hand or wrist

A61B17/1785

for the sinus or nose

A61B17/1789

for the sternum

A61B17/1792

for the ribs

A61B17/1796

for holes for sutures or flexible wires

A61B17/20

for vaccinating or cleaning the skin previous to the vaccination diagnosis by vaccination

other than by injuring the skin A61B10/0035

; apparatus for injections A61M

Cleaning the skin previous to the vaccination is classified in A61B90/80

A61B17/205

Vaccinating by means of needles or other puncturing devices

A61B17/22

Implements for squeezing-off ulcers or the like on

the inside of

inner organs of the body

Implements for scraping-out cavities of body organs, e.g. bones

Calculus removers

Calculus smashing apparatus;

Apparatus for removing obstructions in blood vessels, not otherwise provided for dilators A61M29/00

A61B2017/22001

Angioplasty, e.g. PCTA

A61B2017/22002

preventing restenosis

A61B17/22004

using mechanical vibrations, e.g. ultrasonic shock waves A61B17/225 takes precedence

A61B2017/22005

Effects, e.g. on tissue

A61B2017/22007

Cavitation or pseudocavitation, i.e. creation of gas bubbles generating a secondary shock wave when collapsing

A61B2017/22008

used or promoted

A61B2017/22009

reduced or prevented

A61B2017/22011

Combined types of vibration, e.g. ultrasonic and electrohydraulic

A61B17/22012

in direct contact with, or very close to, the obstruction or concrement for removing obstructions in blood vessels by laser A61B18/245

A61B2017/22014

the ultrasound transducer being outside patient's body; with an ultrasound transmission member; with a wave guide; with a vibrated guide wire not applied in A61B17/22012

A61B2017/22015

with details of the transmission member

A61B2017/22017

the ultrasonic transmitting members being fibres

A61B2017/22018

segmented along its length

A61B17/2202

the ultrasound transducer being inside patient's body at the distal end of the catheter

A61B2017/22021

electric leads passing through the catheter

A61B17/22022

using electric discharge

A61B2017/22024

with a part reflecting mechanical vibrations, e.g. for focusing

A61B2017/22025

applying a shock wave A61B2017/22091 takes precedence

A61B2017/22027

Features of transducers

A61B2017/22028

arrays, e.g. phased arrays

A61B17/22029

Means for measuring shock waves

A61B17/22031

Gripping instruments, e.g. forceps, for removing or smashing calculi A61B17/221 takes precedence

A61B17/22032

having inflatable gripping elements balloon catheters A61M25/10

A61B2017/22034

for gripping the obstruction or the tissue part from inside

A61B2017/22035

for retrieving or repositioning foreign objects

A61B2017/22037

Fecal impaction removal

A61B2017/22038

with a guide wire

A61B2017/22039

eccentric

A61B2017/22041

outside the catheter

A61B2017/22042

Details of the tip of the guide wire

A61B2017/22044

with a pointed tip

A61B2017/22045

fixed to the catheter; guiding tip

A61B2017/22047

Means for immobilising the guide wire in the patient

A61B2017/22048

Balloons

A61B2017/22049

Means for locking the guide wire in the catheter

A61B2017/22051

with an inflatable part, e.g. balloon, for positioning, blocking, or immobilisation A61B2017/22048, A61B2017/3486 take precedence

A61B2017/22052

eccentric

A61B2017/22054

with two balloons

A61B2017/22055

with three or more balloons

A61B2017/22057

Optical properties

A61B2017/22058

reflective

A61B2017/22059

transparent

A61B2017/22061

for spreading elements apart

A61B2017/22062

to be filled with liquid

A61B2017/22064

transparent liquid

A61B2017/22065

Functions of balloons dilating A61M29/02

A61B2017/22067

Blocking; Occlusion A61B2017/22054 takes precedence

A61B2017/22068

Centering

A61B2017/22069

Immobilising; Stabilising

A61B2017/22071

Steering

A61B2017/22072

with an instrument channel, e.g. for replacing one instrument by the other in cannulas A61B17/3417

A61B2017/22074

the instrument being only slidable in a channel, e.g. advancing optical fibre through a channel

A61B2017/22075

with motorized advancing or retracting means

A61B2017/22077

with a part piercing the tissue A61B2017/22044 takes precedence

A61B2017/22078

for rotating the instrument within a channel, e.g. an optical fibre

A61B2017/22079

with suction of debris

A61B2017/22081

Treatment of vulnerable plaque

A61B2017/22082

after introduction of a substance

A61B2017/22084

stone- or thrombus-dissolving

A61B2017/22085

light-absorbing A61B2017/22087 takes precedence

A61B2017/22087

photodynamic

A61B2017/22088

ultrasound absorbing, drug activated by ultrasound

A61B2017/22089

Gas-bubbles

A61B2017/22091

Explosive

A61B2017/22092

Lubricant

A61B2017/22094

for crossing total occlusions, i.e. piercing

A61B2017/22095

accessing a blood vessel true lumen from the sub-intimal space

A61B2017/22097

Valve removal in veins

A61B2017/22098

Decalcification of valves

A61B17/221

Gripping devices in the form of loops or baskets

for gripping calculi or similar types of obstructions surgical snare instruments A61B17/32056

A61B2017/2212

having a closed distal end, e.g. a loop

A61B2017/2215

having an open distal end

A61B2017/2217

single wire changing shape to a gripping configuration

A61B17/225

for extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy [ESWL], e.g. by using ultrasonic waves

A61B17/2251

characterised by coupling elements between the apparatus, e.g. shock wave apparatus or locating means, and the patient, e.g. details of bags, pressure control of bag on patient

A61B2017/2253

using a coupling gel or liquid

A61B17/2255

Means for positioning patient, shock wave apparatus or locating means, e.g. mechanical aspects, patient beds, support arms, aiming means positioning of patients for radiation diagnosis A61B6/04; positioning of locating means inside shock wave apparatus A61B17/2256

A61B17/2256

with means for locating or checking the concrement, e.g. X-ray apparatus, imaging means A61B17/2255 takes precedence

A61B17/2258

integrated in a central portion of the shock wave apparatus

A61B17/24

for use in the oral cavity, larynx, bronchial passages or nose for medical inspection of cavities or tubes in the body A61B1/00

Tongue scrapers

A61B2017/242

for bronchial passages

A61B17/244

for cleaning of the tongue

A61B2017/246

for cleaning of the nose

A61B2017/248

Operations for treatment of snoring, e.g. uvulopalatoplasty

A61B17/26

Tonsillotomes, with or without means for stopping bleeding

A61B17/28

Surgical forceps

for holding suture needles or materials A61B17/0483; for removing or smashing calculi A61B17/221; surgical scissors A61B17/3201

; obstetrical forceps A61B17/44; for inserting intraocular lenses A61F2/1662; hand-held gripping tools in general B25B7/00 ]

A61B17/2804

with two or more pivotal connections A61B17/29 takes precedence

A61B2017/2808

Clamp, e.g. towel clamp

A61B17/2812

with a single pivotal connection A61B17/29 takes precedence

A61B17/2816

Pivots

A61B17/282

Jaws

A61B2017/2825

Inserts of different material in jaws

A61B2017/2829

with a removable cover

A61B17/2833

Locking means

A61B2017/2837

with a locking ratchet

A61B17/2841

Handles

A61B2017/2845

with a spring pushing the handle back

A61B17/285

combined with cutting implements

A61B17/29

Forceps for use in minimally invasive surgery

A61B2017/2901

Details of shaft

A61B2017/2902

characterized by features of the actuating rod

A61B2017/2903

transferring rotary motion

A61B2017/2904

curved, but rigid

A61B2017/2905

flexible

A61B2017/2906

Multiple forceps

A61B2017/2908

Multiple segments connected by articulations

A61B17/2909

Handles

A61B2017/291

the position of the handle being adjustable with respect to the shaft

A61B2017/2911

rings

A61B2017/2912

transmission of forces to actuating rod or piston

A61B2017/2913

cams or guiding means

A61B2017/2915

arcuate shaped guiding means

A61B2017/2916

pins in guiding slots

A61B2017/2917

with flexible part

A61B2017/2918

flexible handles

A61B2017/2919

details of linkages or pivot points

A61B2017/292

connection of actuating rod to handle, e.g. ball end in recess

A61B2017/2922

toggle linkages

A61B2017/2923

Toothed members, e.g. rack and pinion

A61B2017/2924

Translation movement of handle without rotating movement

A61B2017/2925

Pistol grips

A61B2017/2926

Details of heads or jaws

A61B2017/2927

the angular position of the head being adjustable with respect to the shaft

A61B2017/2929

with a head rotatable about the longitudinal axis of the shaft

A61B2017/293

with means preventing relative rotation between the shaft and the actuating rod

A61B2017/2931

with releasable head

A61B2017/2932

Transmission of forces to jaw members

A61B2017/2933

camming or guiding means

A61B2017/2934

arcuate shaped guiding means

A61B2017/2936

Pins in guiding slots

A61B2017/2937

with flexible part

A61B2017/2938

Independently actuatable jaw members, e.g. two actuating rods

A61B2017/2939

Details of linkages or pivot points

A61B2017/294

Connection of actuating rod to jaw, e.g. releasable

A61B2017/2941

Toggle linkages

A61B2017/2943

Toothed members, e.g. rack and pinion

A61B2017/2944

Translation of jaw members

A61B2017/2945

Curved jaws

A61B2017/2946

Locking means

A61B2017/2947

Pivots

A61B2017/2948

Sealing means, e.g. for sealing the interior from fluid entry

A61B17/295

combined with cutting implements

A61B17/30

Surgical pincettes

without pivotal connections

for holding suture needles or materials A61B17/0483;

wound clamps A61B17/08

; hand-held gripping tools without pivotal connections in general B25B9/02

A61B2017/301

with three legs

A61B2017/303

with four or more legs

A61B2017/305

Tweezer like handles with tubular extensions, inner slidable actuating members and distal tools, e.g. microsurgical instruments

A61B2017/306

holding by means of suction

A61B2017/308

with suction cups

A61B17/32

Surgical cutting instruments

A61B18/042 takes precedence; suture cutters A61B17/0467; instruments for ligaturing or cutting A61B17/128; instruments for rupturing the amniotic membrane A61B17/4208; specially adapted knives for eye surgery A61F9/0133

Groups A61B17/32, A61B17/320016, A61B17/32002, A61B17/320036, A61B17/320068, A61B17/320092, A61B17/3201, A61B17/3203, A61B17/32037, A61B17/3205, A61B17/32053, A61B17/32056, A61B17/3207, A61B17/320708, A61B17/320725, A61B17/32075, A61B17/320758 and A61B17/320783 are incomplete pending reclassification of documents from groups A61M1/84, A61M1/842, A61M1/85 and A61M1/86.
All groups listed in this Warning should be considered in order to perform a complete search.

A61B2017/320004

abrasive

A61B2017/320008

Scrapers

A61B2017/320012

Brushes

A61B17/320016

Endoscopic cutting instruments, e.g. arthroscopes, resectoscopes A61B10/0233, A61B17/29, A61B17/3207 take precedence

A61B17/32002

with continuously rotating, oscillating or reciprocating cutting instruments

A61B2017/320024

Morcellators, e.g. having a hollow cutting tube with an annular cutter for morcellating and removing tissue

A61B2017/320028

with reciprocating movements

A61B2017/320032

Details of the rotating or oscillating shaft, e.g. using a flexible shaft

A61B17/320036

adapted for use within the carpal tunnel

A61B2017/32004

having a laterally movable cutting member at its most distal end which remains within the contours of said end

A61B2017/320044

Blunt dissectors blunt suture needles A61B2017/06085

A61B2017/320048

Balloon dissectors

A61B2017/320052

Guides for cutting instruments by marking A61B2090/395

A61B2017/320056

Tunnelers

A61B2017/32006

with a cutting strip, band or chain, e.g. like a chainsaw

A61B2017/320064

with tissue or sample retaining means

A61B17/320068

using mechanical vibrations, e.g. ultrasonic A61B17/22012 takes precedence; dental tooth drilling devices operated by vibration A61C3/03; removing intra-ocular material using mechanical vibrations A61F9/00745

A61B2017/320069

for ablating tissue

A61B2017/32007

with suction or vacuum means

A61B2017/320071

with articulating means for working tip

A61B2017/320072

Working tips with special features, e.g. extending parts

A61B2017/320073

probe

A61B2017/320074

blade

A61B2017/320075

single edge blade, e.g. for cutting

A61B2017/320077

double edge blade, e.g. reciprocating

A61B2017/320078

Tissue manipulating surface

A61B2017/32008

preventing clogging of suction channel

A61B2017/320082

for incising tissue

A61B2017/320084

Irrigation sleeves

A61B2017/320088

with acoustic insulation, e.g. elements for damping vibrations between horn and surrounding sheath

A61B2017/320089

node location

A61B2017/32009

node at distal end of cutting means

A61B17/320092

with additional movable means for clamping or cutting tissue, e.g. with a pivoting jaw

A61B2017/320093

additional movable means performing cutting operation

A61B2017/320094

additional movable means performing clamping operation

A61B2017/320095

with sealing or cauterizing means

A61B2017/320097

with stapling means

A61B2017/320098

with transverse or torsional motion

A61B17/3201

Scissors for biopsy A61B10/02

A61B17/3203

Fluid jet cutting instruments

A61B2017/32032

using cavitation of the fluid

A61B2017/32035

with gas or air

A61B17/32037

for removing obstructions from inner organs or blood vessels, e.g. for atherectomy

A61B17/3205

Excision instruments

A61B17/32053

Punch like cutting instruments, e.g. using a cylindrical or oval knife A61B17/326 takes precedence; trepans A61B17/1695; for use on the cornea A61F9/007

A61B17/32056

Surgical snare instruments for removing or smashing calculi A61B2017/2212; tonsillotomes A61B17/26

A61B17/3207

Atherectomy devices

working by cutting or abrading; Similar devices specially adapted for non-vascular obstructions A61B17/32037 takes precedence; endoscopic cutting instruments A61B17/320016

A61B17/320708

Curettes, e.g. hollow scraping instruments

A61B2017/320716

comprising means for preventing embolism by dislodged material

A61B17/320725

with radially expandable cutting or abrading elements A61B17/32075 takes precedence

A61B2017/320733

with a flexible cutting or scraping element, e.g. with a whip-like distal filament member

A61B2017/320741

for stripping the intima or the internal plaque from a blood vessel, e.g. for endarterectomy

A61B17/32075

Pullback cutting; combined forward and pullback cutting, e.g. with cutters at both sides of the plaque

A61B17/320758

with a rotating cutting instrument, e.g. motor driven A61B17/320725, A61B17/32075 and A61B17/320783 take precedence; for removing intra-ocular material A61F9/00763; endoscopic rotatable cutting instruments A61B17/32002

A61B2017/320766

eccentric

A61B2017/320775

Morcellators, impeller or propeller like means

A61B17/320783

through side-hole, e.g. sliding or rotating cutter inside catheter

A61B2017/320791

with cutter extending outside the cutting window

A61B17/3209

Incision instruments

A61B17/32093

for skin incisions

A61B2017/32096

for slowly cutting through tissue, e.g. stent like temporary implants having sharp edges

A61B17/3211

Surgical scalpels, knives

Accessories therefor

A61B2017/32113

with extendable or retractable guard or blade

A61B2017/32116

with means for improving the rigidity of the blade, e.g. with a reinforcing rib

A61B17/3213

with detachable blades

A61B17/3215

Packages or dispensers for scalpel blades

for sharps A61B50/3001

A61B17/3217

Devices for removing or collecting used scalpel blades

for sharps A61B50/362

A61B17/322

Skin grafting apparatus

A61B2017/3225

with processing of harvested tissue

A61B17/326

Circumcision apparatus

A61B17/34

Trocars

Puncturing needles

pointed biopsy instruments A61B10/0233; devices for piercing the ear-lobes A44C7/001; seals or hemostasis valves A61M39/06

A61B17/3401

Puncturing needles for the peridural or subarachnoid space or the plexus, e.g. for anaesthesia local anaesthesia A61M19/00

A61B17/3403

Needle locating or guiding means guides for suture needles A61B17/0482; guiding or tracking by nuclear magnetic resonance G01R33/285

A61B2017/3405

using mechanical guide means

A61B2017/3407

including a base for support on the body

A61B2017/3409

including needle or instrument drives

A61B2017/3411

with a plurality of holes, e.g. holes in matrix arrangement

A61B2017/3413

guided by ultrasound

A61B17/3415

for introducing tubes or catheters, e.g. gastrostomy tubes, drain catheters A61B17/3417 takes precedence; body piercing catheter guide needles A61M25/06

A61B17/3417

Details of tips or shafts, e.g. grooves, expandable, bendable; Multiple coaxial sliding cannulas, e.g. for dilating syringe needles A61M5/32; dilators A61M29/00

A61B2017/3419

Sealing means between cannula and body

A61B17/3421

Cannulas

A61B17/3423

Access ports, e.g. toroid shape introducers for instruments or hands access sites for liquids A61M39/0247

A61B2017/3425

for internal organs, e.g. heart ports

A61B2017/3427

for intercostal space

A61B2017/3429

having a unitary compressible body, e.g. made of silicone or foam

A61B17/3431

being collapsible, e.g. made of thin flexible material A61B17/3423 takes precedence

A61B2017/3433

with different outer diameters of the cannula

A61B2017/3435

using everted sleeves

A61B2017/3437

with means for removing or absorbing fluid, e.g. wicks or absorbent pads

A61B17/3439

with means for changing the inner diameter of the cannula, e.g. expandable A61B17/3423, A61B17/3431 take precedence; catheters A61M25/0662

A61B2017/3441

with distal sealing means

A61B2017/3443

with means for adjusting the length of a cannula

A61B2017/3445

used as instrument channel for multiple instruments catheters A61B2017/22072

A61B2017/3447

Linked multiple cannulas

A61B2017/3449

whereby the instrument channels merge into one single channel

A61B2017/345

for introduction into a natural body opening

A61B2017/3452

for the rectum, e.g. for hemorrhoid surgery

A61B2017/3454

Details of tips

A61B2017/3456

blunt

A61B2017/3458

threaded

A61B2017/346

with wings

A61B17/3462

with means for changing the diameter or the orientation of the entrance port of the cannula, e.g. for use with different-sized instruments, reduction ports, adapter seals expandable cannulas A61B17/3417

A61B2017/3464

with means acting on inner surface of valve or seal for expanding or protecting, e.g. inner pivoting fingers

A61B2017/3466

for simultaneous sealing of multiple instruments

A61B17/3468

for implanting or removing devices, e.g. prostheses, implants, seeds, wires devices for implanting seeds A61M37/0069

A61B2017/347

Locking means, e.g. for locking instrument in cannula

A61B17/3472

for bones, e.g. intraosseus injections

A61B17/3474

Insufflating needles, e.g. Veress needles

A61B17/3476

Powered trocars, e.g. electrosurgical cutting, lasers, powered knives

A61B17/3478

Endoscopic needles, e.g. for infusion biopsy needles A61B10/0233; catheters with injection needles A61M25/0067

A61B2017/348

Means for supporting the trocar against the body or retaining the trocar inside the body

A61B2017/3482

inside

A61B2017/3484

Anchoring means, e.g. spreading-out umbrella-like structure

A61B2017/3486

Balloon

A61B2017/3488

Fixation to inner organ or inner body tissue

A61B2017/349

Trocar with thread on outside

A61B2017/3492

against the outside of the body

A61B17/3494

with safety means for protection against accidental cutting or pricking, e.g. limiting insertion depth, pressure sensors for the peridural space A61B17/3401

A61B17/3496

Protecting sleeves or inner probes; Retractable tips for protecting body piercing guide needles A61M25/0612

A61B17/3498

Valves therefor, e.g. flapper valves, slide valves haemostasis valves A61M39/06; check valves A61M39/24

A61B17/42

Gynaecological or obstetrical instruments or methods

ligaturing clamps or clips for the umbilical cord A61B17/122; curettage A61B17/320708; dilators A61M29/00

A61B17/4208

Instruments for rupturing the amniotic membrane

A61B2017/4216

Operations on uterus, e.g. endometrium

A61B2017/4225

Cervix uteri

A61B2017/4233

Operations on Fallopian tubes, e.g. sterilization A61B2017/1125 takes precedence

A61B17/4241

Instruments for manoeuvring or retracting the uterus, e.g. during laparoscopic surgery

A61B17/425

for reproduction or fertilisation

specially adapted for use with animals A61D19/00

A61B17/43

for artificial insemination

A61B17/435

for embryo

or ova

transplantation

A61B17/44

Obstetrical forceps

A61B17/442

without pivotal connections, e.g. using vacuum

A61B2017/445

with force indication

A61B2017/447

with force limitation

A61B17/46

Embryotomes for animals A61D1/10

A61B17/48

Bags for midwives

A61B17/50

Instruments, other than pincettes or toothpicks, for removing foreign bodies from the human body locating otherwise A61B5/06; locating by radiation A61B6/00;

removing calculi A61B17/22; from the eyes A61F9/00709

A61B2017/505

Parasite, e.g. tick, removers

A61B17/52

Magnets

A61B17/54

Chiropodists' instruments

, e.g. pedicure chiropractic devices A61H1/008

A61B17/545

using a stream or spray of abrasive particles

A61B17/56

Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints

Devices specially adapted therefor

Documents concerning exclusively surgical methods are classified only in this group.

Surgical instruments or devices are classified only in the relevant subgroups

A61B2017/561

Implants with special means for releasing a drug

A61B17/562

Implants for placement in joint gaps without restricting joint motion, e.g. to reduce arthritic pain

A61B2017/564

Methods for bone or joint treatment

A61B2017/565

for surgical correction of axial deviation, e.g. hallux valgus or genu valgus

A61B2017/567

Joint mechanisms or joint supports in addition to the natural joints and outside the joint gaps

A61B2017/568

produced with shape and dimensions specific for an individual patient

A61B17/58

for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws

, setting implements

or the like A61B17/14, A61B17/16 take precedence

A61B17/60

for external osteosynthesis, e.g. distractors, contractors

A61B2017/603

with three points of contact, e.g. tripod

A61B2017/606

with resilient spring element

A61B17/62

Ring frames, i.e. devices extending around the bones to be positioned

A61B17/6433

, A61B17/66 take precedence

A61B17/64

Devices extending alongside the bones to be positioned

A61B17/6408

Devices not permitting mobility, e.g. fixed to bed, with or without means for traction or reduction without surgery A61F5/04

A61B17/6416

with non-continuous, e.g. hinged, pin-clamp connecting element A61B17/6425, A61B17/6441 take precedence

A61B17/6425

specially adapted to be fitted across a bone joint

A61B17/6433

specially adapted for use on body parts other than limbs, e.g. trunk or head

A61B17/6441

Bilateral fixators, i.e. with both ends of pins or wires clamped

A61B17/645

comprising a framework A61B17/6425, A61B17/6441 take precedence

A61B17/6458

with pin-clamps fixed at ends of connecting element

A61B17/6466

with pin-clamps movable along a solid connecting rod

A61B17/6475

the connecting rod being threaded

A61B17/6483

the connecting rod having a non-circular section

A61B17/6491

allowing small-scale motion of bone ends

A61B17/66

Alignment

, compression or distraction mechanisms

A61B17/663

for jaw bones, e.g. subcutaneous distractors with external access periodontal bone regeneration A61C8/0006

A61B17/666

for alveolar distraction

A61B17/68

Internal fixation devices

, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin bone staples A61B17/0642

A61B2017/681

Alignment, compression, or distraction mechanisms

A61B17/683

comprising bone transfixation elements, e.g. bolt with a distal cooperating element such as a nut

A61B17/685

Elements to be fitted on the end of screws or wires, e.g. protective caps

A61B17/686

Plugs, i.e. elements forming interface between bone hole and implant or fastener, e.g. screw

A61B17/688

for reattaching pieces of the skull

A61B17/70

Spinal positioners or stabilisers

; Bone stabilisers comprising fluid filler in an implant

A61B17/7001

Screws or hooks combined with longitudinal elements which do not contact vertebrae A61B17/7058 takes precedence

A61B17/7002

Longitudinal elements, e.g. rods

A61B17/7004

with a cross-section which varies along its length A61B17/7019 takes precedence

A61B17/7005

Parts of the longitudinal elements, e.g. their ends, being specially adapted to fit in the screw or hook heads

A61B17/7007

Parts of the longitudinal elements, e.g. their ends, being specially adapted to fit around the screw or hook heads

A61B17/7008

with parts of, or attached to, the longitudinal elements, bearing against an outside of the screw or hook heads, e.g. nuts on threaded rods A61B17/7007 takes precedence

A61B17/701

Longitudinal elements with a non-circular, e.g. rectangular, cross-section A61B17/7005, A61B17/7007 take precedence

A61B17/7011

Longitudinal element being non-straight, e.g. curved, angled or branched adjustable length longitudinal elements A61B17/7014; A61B17/7019 takes precedence, e.g. coil springs

A61B17/7013

the shape of the element being adjustable before use adjustable length plates A61B17/7014

A61B17/7014

with means for adjusting the distance between two screws or hooks

A61B17/7016

electric or electromagnetic means

A61B17/7017

pneumatic or hydraulic means

A61B17/7019

Longitudinal elements having flexible parts, or parts connected together, such that after implantation the elements can move relative to each other

A61B17/702

having a core or insert, and a sleeve, whereby a screw or hook can move along the core or in the sleeve

A61B17/7022

Tethers, i.e. longitudinal elements capable of transmitting tension only, e.g. straps, sutures or cables A61B17/702 takes precedence

A61B17/7023

with a pivot joint

A61B17/7025

with a sliding joint

A61B17/7026

with a part that is flexible due to its form

A61B17/7028

the flexible part being a coil spring

A61B17/7029

the entire longitudinal element being flexible

A61B17/7031

made wholly or partly of flexible material

A61B17/7032

Screws or hooks with U-shaped head or back through which longitudinal rods pass

A61B17/7034

characterised by a lateral opening

A61B17/7035

Screws or hooks, wherein a rod-clamping part and a bone-anchoring part can pivot relative to each other

A61B17/7037

wherein pivoting is blocked when the rod is clamped

A61B17/7038

to a different extent in different directions, e.g. within one plane only

A61B17/704

the longitudinal element passing through a ball-joint in the screw head

A61B17/7041

with single longitudinal rod offset laterally from single row of screws or hooks A61B17/7044 takes precedence

A61B17/7043

with a longitudinal element fixed to one or more transverse elements which connect multiple screws or hooks

A61B17/7044

also having plates, staples or washers bearing on the vertebrae

A61B17/7046

the screws or hooks being mobile in use relative to the longitudinal element A61B17/702, A61B17/7035 take precedence

A61B17/7047

Clamps comprising opposed elements which grasp one vertebra between them

A61B17/7049

Connectors, not bearing on the vertebrae, for linking longitudinal elements together A61B17/7055, A61B17/7053, A61B17/7019 take precedence

A61B17/705

for linking adjacent ends of longitudinal elements

A61B17/7052

of variable angle or length

A61B17/7053

with parts attached to bones or to each other by flexible wires, straps, sutures or cables

A61B17/7055

connected to sacrum, pelvis or skull

A61B17/7056

Hooks with specially-designed bone-contacting part

A61B17/7058

Plates mounted on top of bone anchor heads or shoulders

A61B17/7059

Cortical plates A61B17/7007, A61B17/7058 take precedence

A61B17/7061

for stabilising vertebrae or discs by improving the condition of their tissues, e.g. using implanted medication or fluid exchange intraosseous injection devices A61B17/3472

A61B17/7062

Devices acting on, attached to, or simulating the effect of, vertebral processes, vertebral facets or ribs rib fixation devices A61B17/8076; Tools for such devices

A61B17/7064

Devices acting on, attached to, or simulating the effect of, vertebral facets; Tools therefor

A61B17/7065

Devices with changeable shape, e.g. collapsible or having retractable arms to aid implantation; Tools therefor

A61B17/7067

Devices bearing against one or more spinous processes and also attached to another part of the spine; Tools therefor

A61B17/7068

Devices comprising separate rigid parts, assembled in situ, to bear on each side of spinous processes; Tools therefor

A61B17/707

Devices acting on, or attached to, a transverse process or rib; Tools therefor

A61B17/7071

Implants for expanding or repairing the vertebral arch or wedged between laminae or pedicles; Tools therefor

A61B2017/7073

with intervertebral connecting element crossing an imaginary spinal median surface

A61B17/7074

Tools specially adapted for spinal fixation operations other than for bone removal or filler handling A61B17/7062, A61B17/808, A61B17/8858 take precedence; for spinal image producing devices A61B90/36, A61B34/20; markers A61B90/39

A61B17/7076

for driving, positioning or assembling spinal clamps or bone anchors specially adapted for spinal fixation

A61B17/7077

for moving bone anchors attached to vertebrae, thereby displacing the vertebrae

A61B17/7079

Tools requiring anchors to be already mounted on an implanted longitudinal or transverse element, e.g. where said element guides the anchor motion

A61B17/708

with tubular extensions coaxially mounted on the bone anchors

A61B17/7082

for driving, i.e. rotating, screws or screw parts specially adapted for spinal fixation, e.g. for driving polyaxial or tulip-headed screws driving other bone screws A61B17/8875

A61B17/7083

Tools for guidance or insertion of tethers, rod-to-anchor connectors, rod-to-rod connectors, or longitudinal elements

A61B17/7085

for insertion of a longitudinal element down one or more hollow screw or hook extensions, i.e. at least a part of the element within an extension has a component of movement parallel to the extension's axis

A61B17/7086

Rod reducers, i.e. devices providing a mechanical advantage to allow a user to force a rod into or onto an anchor head other than by means of a rod-to-bone anchor locking element; rod removers

A61B17/7088

wherein the rod is moved transverse to the axis of the bone anchor

A61B17/7089

wherein insertion is along an arcuate path

A61B17/7091

for applying, tightening or removing longitudinal element-to-bone anchor locking elements, e.g. caps, set screws, nuts or wedges

A61B17/7092

for checking pedicle hole has correct depth or has an intact wall pedicle drill depth limiters A61B17/1626

A61B17/7094

Solid vertebral fillers; devices for inserting such fillers

A61B17/7095

the filler comprising unlinked macroscopic particles

A61B17/7097

Stabilisers comprising fluid filler in an implant, e.g. balloon; devices for inserting or filling such implants disc prostheses made of inflatable chambers or pockets filled with fluid A61F2/441; replacing the nucleus pulposus A61F2002/444

A61B17/7098

wherein the implant is permeable or has openings, e.g. fenestrated screw hollow surgical screws A61B17/864

A61B17/72

Intramedullary

pins, nails or other

devices

A61B17/744 takes precedence

A61B17/7208

Flexible pins, e.g. ENDER pins

A61B17/7216

for bone lengthening or compression A61B17/7258 takes precedence

A61B17/7225

for bone compression

A61B17/7233

with special means of locking the nail to the bone

A61B17/7241

the nail having separate elements through which screws pass

A61B17/725

with locking pins or screws of special form

A61B17/7258

with laterally expanding parts, e.g. for gripping the bone

A61B17/7266

with fingers moving radially outwardly

A61B17/7275

with expanding cylindrical parts

A61B17/7283

with special cross-section of the nail

A61B17/7291

for small bones, e.g. in the foot, ankle, hand or wrist

A61B17/74

Devices for the head

or neck or trochanter

of the femur

trochanteric devices connected to the proximal part of an endoprosthetic femoral shaft A61F2/30739; endoprosthetic internal fixation devices for the head or neck of the femur A61F2/3601

A61B17/742

having one or more longitudinal elements oriented along or parallel to the axis of the neck

A61B17/744

the longitudinal elements coupled to an intramedullary nail

A61B17/746

the longitudinal elements coupled to a plate opposite the femoral head

A61B17/748

with means for adapting the angle between the longitudinal elements and the shaft axis of the femur

A61B17/80

Cortical plates

, i.e. bone plates; Instruments for holding or positioning cortical plates, or for compressing bones attached to cortical plates

A61B17/8004

with means for distracting or compressing the bone or bones

A61B17/8009

the plate having a ratchet

A61B17/8014

the extension or compression force being caused by interaction of the plate hole and the screws

A61B17/8019

where the means are a separate tool rather than being part of the plate

A61B17/8023

Variable length plates adjustable in both directions

A61B17/8028

Cushions, i.e. elements forming interface between bone plate and bone

A61B17/8033

having indirect contact with screw heads, or having contact with screw heads maintained with the aid of additional components, e.g. nuts, wedges or head covers

A61B17/8038

the additional component being inserted in the screw head

A61B17/8042

the additional component being a cover over the screw head

A61B17/8047

wherein the additional element surrounds the screw head in the plate hole A61B17/8052 takes precedence

A61B17/8052

immobilised relative to screws by interlocking form of the heads and plate holes, e.g. conical or threaded

A61B17/8057

the interlocking form comprising a thread

A61B17/8061

specially adapted for particular bones A61B17/70 and A61B17/74 take precedence

A61B17/8066

for pelvic reconstruction

A61B17/8071

for the jaw

A61B17/8076

for the ribs or the sternum

A61B17/808

Instruments for holding or positioning bone plates, or for adjusting screw-to-plate locking mechanisms

A61B17/8085

with pliable or malleable elements or having a mesh-like structure, e.g. small strips A61B17/8071, A61B17/8076 take precedence

A61B17/809

with bone-penetrating elements, e.g. blades or prongs bone staples A61B17/0642; intramedullary nails with a plate at an end A61B17/7233

A61B17/8095

Wedge osteotomy devices

A61B17/82

for bone cerclage

apparatus for manipulating wires or straps A61B17/8861; wires, bands or straps other than cerclage A61B17/842

A61B17/823

for the sternum

A61B17/826

Nets or webs

A61B17/84

Fasteners therefor

or fasteners being internal fixation devices

A61B17/842

Flexible wires, bands or straps A61B17/72, A61B17/82, A61B17/86 take precedence

A61B17/844

with expandable anchors or anchors having movable parts

A61B17/846

Nails or pins, i.e. anchors without movable parts, holding by friction only, with or without structured surface A61B17/72, A61B17/86 take precedence

A61B17/848

Kirschner wires, i.e. thin, long nails

A61B17/86

Pins or screws

or threaded wires; nuts therefor A61B17/72 take precedence

A61B17/8605

Heads, i.e. proximal ends projecting from bone

A61B17/861

specially shaped for gripping driver

A61B17/8615

at the central region of the screw head

A61B17/862

at the periphery of the screw head

A61B17/8625

Shanks, i.e. parts contacting bone tissue

A61B17/863

with thread interrupted or changing its form along shank, other than constant taper

A61B17/8635

Tips of screws

A61B17/864

hollow, e.g. with socket or cannulated

A61B17/8645

Headless screws, e.g. ligament interference screws

A61B17/865

Packages or dispensers for bone screws or threaded wires

A61B2017/8655

with special features for locking in the bone

A61B17/866

Material or manufacture

A61B17/8665

Nuts

A61B2017/867

with integral locking or clamping means

A61B2017/8675

clamping effect due to tapering, e.g. conical thread

A61B2017/868

self-locking due to part of nut being deformed upon tightening

A61B17/8685

comprising multiple separate parts

A61B17/869

characterised by an open form, e.g. wire helix

A61B17/8695

Washers surrounding screw head in plate hole A61B17/8047, between bone plate and bone A61B17/8028

A61B17/88

Osteosynthesis instruments;

Methods or means for implanting or extracting internal

or external

fixation devices

A61B17/7074 takes precedence

A61B17/8802

Equipment for handling bone cement or other fluid fillers

A61B17/8805

for introducing fluid filler into bone or extracting it A61B17/7097, A61B17/8833 take precedence

A61B17/8808

with sealing collar for bone cavity

A61B17/8811

characterised by the introducer tip, i.e. the part inserted into or onto the bone

A61B2017/8813

Discharging means for excessively introduced fluid fillers, e.g. discharging excess cement

A61B17/8816

characterised by the conduit, e.g. tube, along which fluid flows into the body or by conduit connections

A61B17/8819

characterised by the introducer proximal part, e.g. cannula handle, or by parts which are inserted inside each other, e.g. stylet and cannula A61B17/8825 takes precedence

A61B17/8822

characterised by means facilitating expulsion of fluid from the introducer, e.g. a screw pump plunger, hydraulic force transmissions, application of vibrations or a vacuum

A61B17/8825

characterised by syringe details A61B17/8822, A61B17/8827 take precedence

A61B17/8827

with filtering, degassing, venting or pressure relief means

A61B2017/883

Means for indicating hardening of bone cement

A61B17/8833

Osteosynthesis tools specially adapted for handling bone cement or fluid fillers; Means for supplying bone cement or fluid fillers to introducing tools, e.g. cartridge handling means

A61B17/8836

for heating, cooling or curing of bone cement or fluid fillers

A61B2017/8838

for mixing bone cement or fluid fillers

A61B17/8841

Tools specially adapted to engage a prosthesis

A61B2017/8844

Means for determining the viscosity of bone cement

A61B17/8847

for removing cement from a bone cavity using surgical bone chisels, drills, mills, rasps, reamers or scrapers A61B17/16; using laser A61B18/20; using ultrasonic surgical instruments A61N7/00

A61B17/885

Tools for expanding or compacting bones or discs or cavities therein A61B17/8805, A61B17/7097 take precedence

A61B17/8852

capable of being assembled or enlarged, or changing shape, inside the bone or disc

A61B17/8855

inflatable, e.g. kyphoplasty balloons

A61B17/8858

laterally or radially expansible inflatable A61B17/8855

A61B17/8861

Apparatus for manipulating flexible wires or straps devices for inserting Kirschner wires A61B17/1697

A61B17/8863

Apparatus for shaping or cutting osteosynthesis equipment by medical personnel

A61B17/8866

for gripping or pushing bones, e.g. approximators joint distractors A61B17/025

A61B17/8869

Tensioning devices

A61B17/8872

Instruments for putting said fixation devices against or away from the bone A61B17/7074, A61B17/808 take precedence

A61B17/8875

Screwdrivers, spanners or wrenches

A61B17/8877

characterised by the cross-section of the driver bit

A61B17/888

the driver bit acting on the central region of the screw head

A61B17/8883

the driver bit acting on the periphery of the screw head

A61B17/8886

holding the screw head

A61B17/8888

at its central region

A61B17/8891

at its periphery

A61B17/8894

holding the implant into or through which the screw is to be inserted A61B17/7082, A61B17/7091 take precedence

A61B17/8897

Guide wires or guide pins

A61B17/90

Guides therefor

A61B17/92

Impactors or extractors, e.g. for removing intramedullary devices

insertion or extraction of artificial joints A61F2/4603

A61B17/921

for intramedullary devices

A61B2017/922

Devices for impaction, impact element

A61B2017/924

Impact element driving means

A61B2017/925

a spring

A61B2017/927

Returning means

A61B2017/928

a spring

A61B18/00

Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body eye surgery A61F9/007; ear surgery A61F11/00

A61B2018/00005

Cooling or heating of the probe or tissue immediately surrounding the probe

A61B2018/00011

with fluids

A61B2018/00017

with gas

A61B2018/00023

closed, i.e. without wound contact by the fluid

A61B2018/00029

open

A61B2018/00035

with return means

A61B2018/00041

Heating, e.g. defrosting

A61B2018/00047

using Peltier effect

A61B2018/00053

Mechanical features of the instrument of device

A61B2018/00059

Material properties

A61B2018/00065

porous

A61B2018/00071

Electrical conductivity

A61B2018/00077

high, i.e. electrically conducting

A61B2018/00083

low, i.e. electrically insulating

A61B2018/00089

Thermal conductivity

A61B2018/00095

high, i.e. heat conducting

A61B2018/00101

low, i.e. thermally insulating

A61B2018/00107

Coatings on the energy applicator

A61B2018/00113

with foam

A61B2018/00119

with metal oxide nitride

A61B2018/00125

with nanostructure

A61B2018/0013

non-sticking

A61B2018/00136

with polymer

A61B2018/00142

lubricating

A61B2018/00148

with metal

A61B2018/00154

containing and delivering drugs

A61B2018/0016

Energy applicators arranged in a two- or three dimensional array

A61B2018/00166

Multiple lumina

A61B2018/00172

Connectors and adapters therefor

A61B2018/00178

Electrical connectors

A61B2018/00184

Moving parts

A61B2018/0019

vibrating

A61B2018/00196

reciprocating lengthwise

A61B2018/00202

rotating

A61B2018/00208

actively driven, e.g. by a motor

A61B2018/00214

Expandable means emitting energy, e.g. by elements carried thereon

A61B2018/0022

Balloons

A61B2018/00226

extending from a surface, i.e. Blisters

A61B2018/00232

having an irregular shape

A61B2018/00238

porous

A61B2018/00244

adapted to separate target tissue from other tissue

A61B2018/0025

Multiple balloons

A61B2018/00255

arranged one inside another

A61B2018/00261

arranged in a line

A61B2018/00267

having a basket shaped structure

A61B2018/00273

Anchoring means for temporary attachment of a device to tissue

A61B2018/00279

deployable

A61B2018/00285

Balloons

A61B2018/00291

using suction

A61B2018/00297

Means for providing haptic feedback

A61B2018/00303

active, e.g. with a motor creating vibrations

A61B2018/00309

passive, e.g. palpable click when activating a button

A61B2018/00315

for treatment of particular body parts

A61B2018/00321

Head or parts thereof

A61B2018/00327

Ear, nose or throat

A61B2018/00333

Breast

A61B2018/00339

Spine, e.g. intervertebral disc

A61B2018/00345

Vascular system

A61B2018/00351

Heart

A61B2018/00357

Endocardium

A61B2018/00363

Epicardium

A61B2018/00369

Heart valves

A61B2018/00375

Ostium, e.g. ostium of pulmonary vein or artery

A61B2018/0038

Foramen ovale

A61B2018/00386

Coronary vessels

A61B2018/00392

Transmyocardial revascularisation

A61B2018/00398

Blood

A61B2018/00404

Blood vessels other than those in or around the heart

A61B2018/0041

Removal of thrombosis

A61B2018/00416

Treatment of aneurisms

A61B2018/00422

Angioplasty

A61B2018/00428

Severing

A61B2018/00434

Neural system

A61B2018/0044

Spinal cord

A61B2018/00446

Brain

A61B2018/00452

Skin

A61B2018/00458

Deeper parts of the skin, e.g. treatment of vascular disorders or port wine stains

A61B2018/00464

Subcutaneous fat, e.g. liposuction, lipolysis

A61B2018/0047

Upper parts of the skin, e.g. skin peeling or treatment of wrinkles

A61B2018/00476

Hair follicles

A61B2018/00482

Digestive system

A61B2018/00488

Esophagus

A61B2018/00494

Stomach, intestines or bowel

A61B2018/005

Rectum

A61B2018/00505

Urinary tract

A61B2018/00511

Kidney

A61B2018/00517

Urinary bladder or urethra

A61B2018/00523

Treatment of incontinence

A61B2018/00529

Liver

A61B2018/00535

Biliary tract

A61B2018/00541

Lung or bronchi

A61B2018/00547

Prostate

A61B2018/00553

Sphincter

A61B2018/00559

Female reproductive organs

A61B2018/00565

Bone

A61B2018/00571

for achieving a particular surgical effect

A61B2018/00577

Ablation

A61B2018/00583

Coblation, i.e. ablation using a cold plasma

A61B2018/00589

Coagulation

A61B2018/00595

Cauterization

A61B2018/00601

Cutting

A61B2018/00607

Coagulation and cutting with the same instrument

A61B2018/00613

Irreversible electroporation reversible electroporation A61N1/327

A61B2018/00619

Welding

A61B2018/00625

Vaporization

A61B2018/0063

Sealing

A61B2018/00636

Sensing and controlling the application of energy

A61B2018/00642

with feedback, i.e. closed loop control

A61B2018/00648

using more than one sensed parameter

A61B2018/00654

with individual control of each of a plurality of energy emitting elements

A61B2018/0066

without feedback, i.e. open loop control

A61B2018/00666

using a threshold value

A61B2018/00672

lower

A61B2018/00678

upper

A61B2018/00684

using lookup tables

A61B2018/0069

using fuzzy logic

A61B2018/00696

Controlled or regulated parameters

A61B2018/00702

Power or energy

A61B2018/00708

switching the power on or off

A61B2018/00714

Temperature

A61B2018/0072

Current

A61B2018/00726

Duty cycle

A61B2018/00732

Frequency

A61B2018/00738

Depth, e.g. depth of ablation

A61B2018/00744

Fluid flow

A61B2018/0075

Phase

A61B2018/00755

Resistance or impedance

A61B2018/00761

Duration

A61B2018/00767

Voltage

A61B2018/00773

Sensed parameters

A61B2018/00779

Power or energy

A61B2018/00785

Reflected power

A61B2018/00791

Temperature

A61B2018/00797

measured by multiple temperature sensors

A61B2018/00803

with temperature prediction

A61B2018/00809

measured thermochromatically

A61B2018/00815

measured by a thermistor

A61B2018/00821

measured by a thermocouple

A61B2018/00827

Current

A61B2018/00833

Differential current

A61B2018/00839

Bioelectrical parameters, e.g. ECG, EEG

A61B2018/00845

Frequency

A61B2018/00851

fundamental

A61B2018/00857

harmonic

A61B2018/00863

Fluid flow

A61B2018/00869

Phase

A61B2018/00875

Resistance or impedance

A61B2018/0088

Vibration

A61B2018/00886

Duration

A61B2018/00892

Voltage

A61B2018/00898

Alarms or notifications created in response to an abnormal condition

A61B2018/00904

Automatic detection of target tissue

A61B2018/0091

Handpieces of the surgical instrument or device

A61B2018/00916

with means for switching or controlling the main function of the instrument or device

A61B2018/00922

by switching or controlling the treatment energy directly within the hand-piece

A61B2018/00928

by sending a signal to an external energy source

A61B2018/00934

the signal being non electric, e.g. pneumatic, hydraulic, optical

A61B2018/0094

Types of switches or controllers

A61B2018/00946

slidable

A61B2018/00952

rotatable

A61B2018/00958

for switching between different working modes of the main function

A61B2018/00964

Features of probes

A61B2018/0097

Cleaning probe surfaces

A61B2018/00976

with scraping means

A61B2018/00982

combined with or comprising means for visual or photographic inspections inside the body, e.g. endoscopes

A61B2018/00988

Means for storing information, e.g. calibration constants, or for preventing excessive use, e.g. usage, service life counter

A61B2018/00994

combining two or more different kinds of non-mechanical energy or combining one or more non-mechanical energies with ultrasound

A61B18/02

by cooling, e.g. cryogenic techniques devices for cooling specific reflex points of the body within cell-life limits A61H39/06

A61B18/0206

ultrasonic, e.g. for destroying tissue or enhancing freezing

A61B2018/0212

using an instrument inserted into a body lumen, e.g. catheter

A61B18/0218

with open-end cryogenic probe, e.g. for spraying fluid directly on tissue or via a tissue-contacting porous tip

A61B2018/0225

using an instrument for clamping tissue, e.g. forceps

A61B2018/0231

Characteristics of handpieces or probes

A61B2018/0237

with a thermoelectric element in the probe for cooling purposes

A61B2018/0243

cooling of the hot side of the junction, e.g. heat sink

A61B2018/025

by circulating liquid

A61B2018/0256

by circulating gas, e.g. air

A61B2018/0262

using a circulating cryogenic fluid

A61B2018/0268

with restriction of flow

A61B2018/0275

using porous elements

A61B2018/0281

using a tortuous path, e.g. formed by fins or ribs

A61B2018/0287

the fluid flowing through a long thin tube with spiral shape

A61B2018/0293

using an instrument interstitially inserted into the body, e.g. needle

A61B18/04

by heating by applying electromagnetic radiation A61B18/18; hyperthermia using electric or magnetic fields, radiation or ultrasound A61N

A61B18/042

using additional gas becoming plasma

A61B2018/044

the surgical action being effected by a circulating hot fluid

A61B2018/046

in liquid form

A61B2018/048

in gaseous form

A61B18/06

caused by chemical reaction

, e.g. moxaburners

A61B2018/062

one of the reactants being oxygen

A61B2018/064

Moxaburners

A61B2018/066

one of the reactants being oxygen not from the air

A61B2018/068

none of the reactants being oxygen

A61B18/08

by means of electrically-heated probes

A61B18/082

Probes or electrodes therefor

A61B18/085

Forceps, scissors

A61B2018/087

using semiconductors as heating element

A61B18/10

Power sources therefor

A61B18/12

by passing a current through the tissue to be heated, e.g. high-frequency current

A61B18/1206

Generators therefor

A61B2018/1213

creating an arc

A61B2018/122

ionizing, with corona

A61B2018/1226

A61B18/1233

with circuits for assuring patient safety

A61B2018/124

switching the output to different electrodes, e.g. sequentially

A61B2018/1246

characterised by the output polarity

A61B2018/1253

monopolar

A61B2018/126

bipolar

A61B2018/1266

with DC current output

A61B2018/1273

including multiple generators in one device

A61B2018/128

generating two or more frequencies

A61B2018/1286

having a specific transformer

A61B2018/1293

having means to prevent interference

A61B18/14

Probes or electrodes therefor

A61B18/1402

Probes for open surgery

A61B2018/1405

Electrodes having a specific shape

A61B2018/1407

Loop

A61B2018/141

Snare

A61B2018/1412

Blade

A61B2018/1415

multiple blades

A61B2018/1417

Ball

A61B2018/142

at least partly surrounding the target, e.g. concave, curved or in the form of a cave

A61B2018/1422

Hook

A61B2018/1425

Needle

A61B2018/1427

with a beveled end

A61B2018/143

multiple needles

A61B2018/1432

curved

A61B2018/1435

Spiral

A61B2018/1437

whereby the windings of the spiral touch each other such as to create a continuous surface

A61B2018/144

Wire

A61B18/1442

Probes having pivoting end effectors, e.g. forceps

A61B18/1445

at the distal end of a shaft, e.g. forceps or scissors at the end of a rigid rod

A61B18/1447

wherein sliding surfaces cause opening/closing of the end effectors

A61B2018/145

wherein the effectors remain parallel during closing and opening

A61B2018/1452

including means for cutting A61B2018/146 takes precedence

A61B2018/1455

having a moving blade for cutting tissue grasped by the jaws

A61B2018/1457

having opposing blades cutting tissue grasped by the jaws, i.e. combined scissors and pliers

A61B2018/146

Scissors

A61B2018/1462

Tweezers

A61B2018/1465

Deformable electrodes

A61B2018/1467

using more than two electrodes on a single probe

A61B2018/147

Electrodes transferring energy by capacitive coupling, i.e. with a dielectricum between electrode and target tissue

A61B2018/1472

for use with liquid electrolyte, e.g. virtual electrodes

A61B2018/1475

Electrodes retractable in or deployable from a housing

A61B18/1477

Needle-like probes

A61B18/148

having a short, rigid shaft for accessing the inner body transcutaneously, e.g. for neurosurgery or arthroscopy

A61B18/1482

having a long rigid shaft for accessing the inner body transcutaneously in minimal invasive surgery, e.g. laparoscopy

A61B18/1485

having a short rigid shaft for accessing the inner body through natural openings

A61B18/1487

Trocar-like, i.e. devices producing an enlarged transcutaneous opening

A61B18/149

bow shaped or with rotatable body at cantilever end, e.g. for resectoscopes, or coagulating rollers

A61B18/1492

having a flexible, catheter-like structure, e.g. for heart ablation A61B18/1477 takes precedence

A61B2018/1495

Electrodes being detachable from a support structure

A61B2018/1497

Electrodes covering only part of the probe circumference

A61B18/16

Indifferent or passive electrodes for grounding

A61B2018/162

located on the probe body

A61B2018/165

Multiple indifferent electrodes

A61B2018/167

Passive electrodes capacitively coupled to the skin

A61B18/18

by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves radiation therapy A61N5/00

A61B2018/1807

using light other than laser radiation

A61B18/1815

using microwaves

A61B2018/1823

Generators therefor

A61B2018/183

characterised by the type of antenna

A61B2018/1838

Dipole antennas

A61B2018/1846

Helical antennas

A61B2018/1853

Monopole antennas

A61B2018/1861

with an instrument inserted into a body lumen or cavity, e.g. a catheter

A61B2018/1869

with an instrument interstitially inserted into the body, e.g. needles

A61B2018/1876

with multiple frequencies

A61B2018/1884

with non-uniform emissions

A61B2018/1892

Details of electrical isolations of the antenna

A61B18/20

using laser

A61B2018/2005

with beam delivery through an interstitially insertable device, e.g. needle

A61B18/201

with beam delivery through a hollow tube, e.g. forming an articulated arm through a flexible conduit A61B18/22; Hand-pieces therefor

A61B2018/2015

Miscellaneous features

A61B2018/202

Laser enclosed in a hand-piece

A61B2018/2023

Self-contained devices, i.e. with power supply in the hand-piece

A61B2018/2025

with a pilot laser

A61B18/203

applying laser energy to the outside of the body

A61B2018/2035

Beam shaping or redirecting; Optical components therefor A61B2018/2255 takes precedence

A61B2018/20351

Scanning mechanisms

A61B2018/20353

Scanning in three dimensions [3D]

A61B2018/20355

Special scanning path or conditions, e.g. spiral, raster or providing spot overlap

A61B2018/20357

by movable optical fibre end

A61B2018/20359

by movable mirrors, e.g. galvanometric

A61B2018/20361

with redirecting based on sensed condition, e.g. tissue analysis or tissue movement

A61B2018/204

Attenuators

A61B2018/2045

Choppers

A61B2018/205

with electronic means, e.g. acousto-optic

A61B2018/2055

with mechanical means

A61B2018/20553

with special lens or reflector arrangement A61B2018/2255, A61B2018/2261, A61B2018/2266, A61B2018/2272, A61B2018/2277, A61B2018/2283 take precedence

A61B2018/20554

Arrangements for particular intensity distribution, e.g. tophat

A61B2018/205545

Arrangements for particular spot shape, e.g. square or annular

A61B2018/205547

Controller with specific architecture or programmatic algorithm for directing scan path, spot size or shape, or spot intensity, fluence or irradiance

A61B2018/206

the laser light passing along a liquid-filled conduit

A61B2018/2065

Multiwave; Wavelength mixing, e.g. using four or more wavelengths pilot laser A61B2018/2025

A61B2018/207

mixing two wavelengths

A61B2018/2075

mixing three wavelengths

A61B2018/208

with multiple treatment beams not sharing a common path, e.g. non-axial or parallel

A61B18/22

the beam being directed along or through a flexible conduit, e.g. an optical fibre

Couplings or

hand-pieces therefor

A61B2018/2205

Characteristics of fibres

A61B2018/2211

Plurality of fibres

A61B2018/2216

Braided or helically wound

A61B2018/2222

Fibre material or composition

A61B2018/2227

Hollow fibres

A61B2018/2233

Solid transparent for far infrared light

A61B2018/2238

with means for selectively laterally deflecting the tip of the fibre

A61B2018/2244

Features of optical fibre cables, e.g. claddings

A61B2018/2247

Fibre breakage detection

A61B2018/225

Features of hand-pieces A61B2018/2255 takes precedence

A61B2018/2253

characterised by additional functions, e.g. surface cooling or detecting pathological tissue

A61B2018/2255

Optical elements at the distal end of probe tips

A61B2018/2261

with scattering, diffusion or dispersion of light

A61B2018/2266

with a lens, e.g. ball tipped

A61B2018/2272

with reflective or refractive surfaces for deflecting the beam A61B2018/2261, A61B2018/2266 take precedence

A61B2018/2277

with refractive surfaces

A61B2018/2283

with pivotable mirrors

A61B2018/2285

with removable, replacable, or exchangable tips

A61B2018/22853

Means to identify tip configuration

A61B2018/2288

the optical fibre cable having a curved distal end

A61B2018/2294

with a diffraction grating

A61B18/24

with a catheter A61B18/26, A61B18/28 take precedence

A61B18/245

for removing obstructions in blood vessels or calculi

A61B18/26

for producing a shock wave, e.g. laser lithotripsy

A61B2018/263

the conversion of laser energy into mechanical shockwaves taking place in a liquid

A61B2018/266

the conversion of laser energy into mechanical shockwaves taking place in a part of the probe

A61B18/28

for heating a thermal probe or absorber

A61B34/00

Computer-aided surgery

Manipulators or robots specially adapted for use in surgery

A61B34/10

Computer-aided planning, simulation or modelling of surgical operations

A61B2034/101

Computer-aided simulation of surgical operations

A61B2034/102

Modelling of surgical devices, implants or prosthesis

A61B2034/104

Modelling the effect of the tool, e.g. the effect of an implanted prosthesis or for predicting the effect of ablation or burring

A61B2034/105

Modelling of the patient, e.g. for ligaments or bones

A61B2034/107

Visualisation of planned trajectories or target regions

A61B2034/108

Computer aided selection or customisation of medical implants or cutting guides

A61B34/20

Surgical navigation systems

Devices for tracking or guiding surgical instruments, e.g. for frameless stereotaxis

A61B2034/2046

Tracking techniques

A61B2034/2048

using an accelerometer or inertia sensor

A61B2034/2051

Electromagnetic tracking systems

A61B2034/2053

Tracking an applied voltage gradient

A61B2034/2055

Optical tracking systems

A61B2034/2057

Details of tracking cameras

A61B2034/2059

Mechanical position encoders

A61B2034/2061

using shape-sensors, e.g. fiber shape sensors with Bragg gratings

A61B2034/2063

Acoustic tracking systems, e.g. using ultrasound

A61B2034/2065

Tracking using image or pattern recognition

A61B2034/2068

using pointers, e.g. pointers having reference marks for determining coordinates of body points

A61B2034/207

Divots for calibration

A61B2034/2072

Reference field transducer attached to an instrument or patient

A61B2034/2074

Interface software

A61B34/25

User interfaces for surgical systems

A61B2034/252

indicating steps of a surgical procedure

A61B2034/254

being adapted depending on the stage of the surgical procedure

A61B2034/256

having a database of accessory information, e.g. including context sensitive help or scientific articles

A61B2034/258

providing specific settings for specific users

A61B34/30

Surgical robots

A61B2034/301

for introducing or steering flexible instruments inserted into the body, e.g. catheters or endoscopes

A61B2034/302

specifically adapted for manipulations within body cavities, e.g. within abdominal or thoracic cavities

A61B2034/303

specifically adapted for manipulations within body lumens, e.g. within lumen of gut, spine, or blood vessels

A61B2034/304

including a freely orientable platform, e.g. so called 'Stewart platforms'

A61B2034/305

Details of wrist mechanisms at distal ends of robotic arms

A61B2034/306

Wrists with multiple vertebrae

A61B34/32

operating autonomously

A61B34/35

for telesurgery

A61B34/37

Master-slave robots A61B34/35 takes precedence

A61B34/70

Manipulators specially adapted for use in surgery

A61B34/71

Manipulators operated by drive cable mechanisms

A61B2034/715

Cable tensioning mechanisms for removing slack

A61B34/72

Micromanipulators

A61B34/73

Manipulators for magnetic surgery

A61B2034/731

Arrangement of the coils or magnets

A61B2034/732

arranged around the patient, e.g. in a gantry

A61B2034/733

arranged only on one side of the patient, e.g. under a table

A61B34/74

Manipulators with manual electric input means

A61B2034/741

Glove like input devices, e.g. "data gloves"

A61B2034/742

Joysticks

A61B2034/743

Keyboards

A61B2034/744

Mouse

A61B34/75

Manipulators having means for prevention or compensation of hand tremors

A61B34/76

Manipulators having means for providing feel, e.g. force or tactile feedback

A61B34/77

Manipulators with motion or force scaling

A61B42/00

Surgical gloves

Finger-stalls specially adapted for surgery

Devices for handling or treatment thereof

A61B42/10

Surgical gloves

A61B42/20

Finger-stalls specially adapted for surgery

A61B42/30

Devices for detecting perforations, leaks or tears

A61B42/40

Packages or dispensers

A61B42/50

Devices for putting-on or removing

A61B42/60

Devices for cleaning, washing, drying or powdering

A61B46/00

Surgical drapes

A61B46/10

specially adapted for instruments

, e.g. microscopes

A61B46/13

the drapes entering the patient's body

A61B46/17

closed at the distal end

A61B46/20

specially adapted for patients

A61B2046/201

for extremities, e.g. having collection pouch

A61B2046/205

Adhesive drapes

A61B46/23

with means to retain or hold surgical implements

A61B2046/234

with means for retaining a catheter

A61B2046/236

with means for collecting drain fluid, e.g. drain tubes

A61B46/27

tubular, e.g. for arms or legs A61B46/13 takes precedence

A61B46/30

for surgery through the lower body openings, e.g. urology, gynaecology

A61B46/40

Drape material, e.g. laminates; Manufacture thereof

A61B50/00

Containers, covers, furniture or holders specially adapted for surgical or diagnostic appliances or instruments, e.g. sterile covers drapes specially adapted for instruments A61B46/10

A61B2050/001

Temperature-modifying means

A61B2050/0014

Cooling means

A61B2050/0016

Heating means

A61B2050/0017

Chemical heating

A61B2050/0018

Electric heating

A61B2050/002

having adhesive means, e.g. an adhesive strip

A61B2050/005

with a lid or cover

A61B2050/0051

closable by rotation

A61B2050/0052

of two concentric cylinders with corresponding lateral openings, about their common longitudinal axis

A61B2050/0053

of two concentric parallelepipeds about a common longitudinal axis

A61B2050/0054

about the central longitudinal axis perpendicular to the lid plane

A61B2050/0055

about a lateral axis perpendicular to the lid plane

A61B2050/0056

about a lateral axis in the lid plane

A61B2050/0057

about a transverse axis in the lid plane

A61B2050/0058

closable by translation

A61B2050/0059

parallel to the lid plane

A61B2050/006

perpendicular to the lid plane, e.g. by a downward movement

A61B2050/0061

the height of the lid being adjustable with respect to the casing sidewalls

A61B2050/0062

closable by a combination of rotation and translation

A61B2050/0063

Bayonet coupling

A61B2050/0064

by screwing

A61B2050/0065

Peelable cover

A61B2050/0066

with additional sealing means, e.g. O-ring

A61B2050/0067

Types of closures or fasteners

A61B2050/0068

Cooperating dimples

A61B2050/0069

Press-buttons

A61B2050/007

Locking clamps

A61B2050/0071

Draw-strings

A61B2050/0072

Plugs, e.g. rubber plugs

A61B2050/0073

Ties

A61B2050/0074

Toggle latches or clamps

A61B2050/0075

Swingable wire bails or handles

A61B2050/0076

having additional locking means

A61B2050/0078

having additional unlocking means

A61B2050/0079

Magnetic closures

A61B2050/008

Pegs inserted, e.g. forced, into openings

A61B2050/0081

Pins cooperating with slots of a slideable locking bar

A61B2050/0082

Rib-and-groove connection

A61B2050/0083

Snap connection

A61B2050/0084

Tabs inserted into slots

A61B2050/0085

Hook and loop

A61B2050/0086

closed by or under vacuum

A61B2050/0087

closed in two steps

A61B2050/0088

Zip

A61B2050/0089

having permanent closure means

A61B2050/009

having additional means for temporarily preventing said permanent closure

A61B50/10

Furniture specially adapted for surgical or diagnostic appliances or instruments

A61B2050/105

Cabinets

A61B50/13

Trolleys

, e.g. carts

A61B50/15

Mayo stands

Tables

A61B2050/155

Mayo stands

A61B50/18

Cupboards

Drawers therefor

A61B2050/185

Drawers

A61B50/20

Holders specially adapted for surgical or diagnostic appliances or instruments drapes with means to hold surgical instruments A61B46/23; for catheters A61M25/02

A61B2050/21

Magnetic holders

A61B50/22

Racks

A61B50/24

Stands Mayo stands A61B50/15

A61B50/26

floor-based

A61B50/28

suspended from the ceiling

A61B50/30

Containers specially adapted for packaging, protecting, dispensing, collecting or disposing of surgical or diagnostic appliances or instruments for wound clamps A61B17/10; for ligaturing clips A61B17/122; packages or dispensers for surgical gloves or finger-stalls A61B42/40

A61B50/3001

for sharps

A61B2050/3002

including foam blocks for retaining sharps

A61B2050/3004

containing desiccant means, e.g. desiccant pouches

A61B2050/3005

containing a preservative liquid, e.g. an antiseptic liquid

A61B2050/3006

Nested casings

A61B2050/3007

Stackable casings

A61B2050/3008

having multiple compartments

A61B2050/3009

having means for connecting similar adjacent containers

A61B2050/301

carried on the medical practitioner's clothing or back

A61B2050/3011

having carrying handles

A61B2050/3012

Wrist hangers

A61B2050/3013

having means for automatically ejecting the stored article

A61B2050/3014

waterproof

A61B2050/3015

transparent

A61B50/31

Carrying cases or bags, e.g. doctors' bags

A61B2050/311

Cases

A61B50/312

Doctors' or nurses' bags

A61B2050/314

Flexible bags or pouches

A61B2050/316

double- or multiple-walled

A61B2050/318

Multi-pouches, e.g. strips of side-by-side pouches

A61B50/33

Trays

A61B50/34

Baskets

A61B50/36

for collecting or disposing of used articles

A61B50/362

for sharps

A61B2050/364

having additional means for destroying used sharps

A61B50/37

for absorbent articles, e.g. bandages, garments, swabs or towels

A61B2050/375

for sponges

A61B50/39

the containers containing antimicrobial, antiviral or disinfectant agents

A61B90/00

Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges protective face masks A41D13/11; surgeon's or patient's gowns or dresses A41D13/12; devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body liquids A61M1/00

A61B90/02

Devices for expanding tissue, e.g. skin tissue implements for holding wounds open, surgical tractors A61B17/02; implantable mammary prosthesis A61F2/12; dilators A61M29/00

A61B90/03

Automatic limiting or abutting means, e.g. for safety

A61B2090/031

torque limiting

A61B2090/032

pressure limiting, e.g. hydrostatic

A61B2090/033

Abutting means, stops, e.g. abutting on tissue or skin

A61B2090/034

abutting on parts of the device itself

A61B2090/035

preventing further rotation

A61B2090/036

abutting on tissue or skin

A61B2090/037

with a frangible part, e.g. by reduced diameter

A61B2090/038

during shipment

A61B90/04

Protection of tissue around surgical sites against effects of non-mechanical surgery, e.g. laser surgery protection of eyes against laser radiation A61F9/022

A61B2090/0409

Specification of type of protection measures

A61B2090/0418

Compensation

A61B2090/0427

Prevention of contact

A61B2090/0436

Shielding

A61B2090/0445

by absorption

A61B2090/0454

by reflection

A61B2090/0463

against cooling or freezing

A61B2090/0472

against ultrasound energy

A61B2090/0481

against EM radiation, e.g. microwave

A61B2090/049

against light, e.g. laser

A61B90/05

Splash shields for protection of the surgeon, e.g. splash guards connected to the apparatus A41D13/11 takes precedence

A61B90/06

Measuring instruments not otherwise provided for

A61B2090/061

for measuring dimensions, e.g. length

A61B2090/062

penetration depth

A61B2090/063

for measuring volume

A61B2090/064

for measuring force, pressure or mechanical tension

A61B2090/065

for measuring contact or contact pressure

A61B2090/066

for measuring torque

A61B2090/067

for measuring angles

A61B2090/068

with a bubble level

A61B2090/069

using a plummet or weight

A61B90/08

Accessories or related features not otherwise provided for

A61B2090/0801

Prevention of accidental cutting or pricking

A61B2090/08021

of the patient or his organs

A61B2090/0803

Counting the number of times an instrument is used

A61B2090/0804

Counting number of instruments used; Instrument detectors

A61B2090/0805

automatically, e.g. by means of magnetic, optical or photoelectric detectors

A61B2090/0806

Instrument detectors with a removable part, e.g. working tip

A61B2090/0807

Indication means

A61B2090/0808

for indicating correct assembly of components, e.g. of the surgical apparatus

A61B2090/0809

Indication of cracks or breakages

A61B2090/081

for contamination or dirt

A61B2090/0811

for the position of a particular part of an instrument with respect to the rest of the instrument, e.g. position of the anvil of a stapling instrument

A61B2090/0812

indicating loosening or shifting of parts of an instrument, signaling maladjustment of parts

A61B2090/0813

Accessories designed for easy sterilising, i.e. re-usable

A61B2090/0814

Preventing re-use

A61B2090/0815

Implantable devices for insertion in between organs or other soft tissues

A61B2090/0816

for preventing adhesion

A61B2090/0817

Spatulas or spatula like extensions

A61B2090/0818

Redundant systems, e.g. using two independent measuring systems and comparing the signals

A61B90/10

for stereotaxic surgery, e.g. frame-based stereotaxis

A61B2090/101

for stereotaxic radiosurgery

A61B2090/103

Cranial plugs for access to brain

A61B90/11

with guides for needles or instruments, e.g. arcuate slides or ball joints

A61B90/13

guided by light, e.g. laser pointers

A61B90/14

Fixators for body parts, e.g. skull clamps

Constructional details of fixators, e.g. pins

A61B90/16

Bite blocks

A61B90/17

for soft tissue, e.g. breast-holding devices

A61B90/18

Retaining sheets, e.g. immobilising masks

made from a thermoplastic material

A61B90/20

Surgical microscopes characterised by non-optical aspects

A61B90/25

Supports therefor

A61B90/30

Devices for illuminating a surgical field, the devices having an interrelation with other surgical devices or with a surgical procedure

A61B2090/304

using chemi-luminescent materials

A61B2090/306

using optical fibres

A61B2090/308

Lamp handles

A61B2090/309

using white LEDs

A61B90/35

Supports therefor

A61B90/36

Image-producing devices or illumination devices not otherwise provided for

A61B90/361

Image-producing devices, e.g. surgical cameras

A61B2090/3612

with images taken automatically

A61B2090/3614

using optical fibre

A61B2090/3616

Magnifying glass

A61B2090/3618

with a mirror

A61B2090/363

Use of fiducial points

A61B2090/364

Correlation of different images or relation of image positions in respect to the body

A61B2090/365

augmented reality, i.e. correlating a live optical image with another image

A61B2090/366

using projection of images directly onto the body

A61B2090/367

creating a 3D dataset from 2D images using position information

A61B2090/368

changing the image on a display according to the operator's position

A61B90/37

Surgical systems with images on a monitor during operation

A61B2090/371

with simultaneous use of two cameras

A61B2090/372

Details of monitor hardware

A61B2090/373

using light, e.g. by using optical scanners

A61B2090/3735

Optical coherence tomography [OCT]

A61B2090/374

NMR or MRI

A61B2090/376

using X-rays, e.g. fluoroscopy

A61B2090/3762

using computed tomography systems [CT]

A61B2090/3764

with a rotating C-arm having a cone beam emitting source

A61B2090/378

using ultrasound

A61B2090/3782

transmitter or receiver in catheter or minimal invasive instrument

A61B2090/3784

both receiver and transmitter being in the instrument or receiver being also transmitter

A61B2090/3786

receiver only

A61B2090/3788

transmitter only

A61B90/39

Markers, e.g. radio-opaque or breast lesions markers

A61B2090/3904

specially adapted for marking specified tissue

A61B2090/3908

Soft tissue, e.g. breast tissue

A61B2090/3912

Body cavities

A61B2090/3916

Bone tissue

A61B2090/392

Radioactive markers

A61B2090/3925

ultrasonic

A61B2090/3929

Active markers

A61B2090/3933

Liquid markers

A61B2090/3937

Visible markers

A61B2090/3941

Photoluminescent markers

A61B2090/3945

Active visible markers, e.g. light emitting diodes

A61B2090/395

with marking agent for marking skin or other tissue

A61B2090/3954

magnetic, e.g. NMR or MRI

A61B2090/3958

emitting a signal

A61B2090/3962

palpable

A61B2090/3966

Radiopaque markers visible in an X-ray image

A61B2090/397

electromagnetic other than visible, e.g. microwave

A61B2090/3975

active

A61B2090/3979

infrared

A61B2090/3983

Reference marker arrangements for use with image guided surgery

A61B2090/3987

Applicators for implanting markers

A61B2090/3991

having specific anchoring means to fixate the marker to the tissue, e.g. hooks

A61B2090/3995

Multi-modality markers

A61B90/40

Apparatus fixed or close to patients specially adapted for providing an aseptic surgical environment

A61B2090/401

using air flow

A61B90/50

Supports for surgical instruments, e.g. articulated arms

A61B2090/502

Headgear, e.g. helmet, spectacles

A61B2090/5025

with a counter-balancing mechanism

A61B2090/504

with a counterweight

A61B2090/506

using a parallelogram linkage, e.g. panthograph

A61B2090/508

with releasable brake mechanisms

A61B90/53

connected to the surgeon's body, e.g. by a belt

A61B90/57

Accessory clamps

A61B2090/571

for clamping a support arm to a bed or other supports

A61B90/60

Supports for surgeons, e.g. chairs or hand supports seats for dentists or surgeons associated with dental chairs or operating chairs A61G15/00

A61B90/70

Cleaning devices specially adapted for surgical instruments

A61B2090/701

for flexible tubular instruments, e.g. endoscopes

A61B2090/702

Devices for testing the cleaning process, e.g. test soils

A61B90/80

Implements for cleaning or washing the skin of surgeons or patients

A61B90/90

Identification means for patients or instruments, e.g. tags

A61B90/92

coded with colour

A61B90/94

coded with symbols, e.g. text

A61B90/96

using barcodes

A61B90/98

using electromagnetic means, e.g. transponders

A61B2217/00

General characteristics of surgical instruments

A61B2217/002

Auxiliary appliance

A61B2217/005

with suction drainage system

A61B2217/007

with irrigation system

A61B2218/00

Diagnosis

Psycho-physical tests

A61B2218/00

Details of surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body

A61B2218/001

having means for irrigation and/or aspiration of substances to and/or from the surgical site A61B2018/00029 and A61B2018/1472 take precedence

A61B2218/002

Irrigation

A61B2218/003

using a spray or a foam

A61B2218/005

using gas or vapor, e.g. for protection or purging

A61B2218/006

for smoke evacuation

A61B2218/007

Aspiration

A61B2218/008

for smoke evacuation

A61B2503/00

Evaluating a particular growth phase or type of persons or animals

A61B2503/02

Foetus

A61B2503/04

Babies, e.g. for SIDS detection

A61B2503/045

Newborns, e.g. premature baby monitoring

A61B2503/06

Children, e.g. for attention deficit diagnosis

A61B2503/08

Elderly

A61B2503/10

Athletes

A61B2503/12

Healthy persons not otherwise provided for, e.g. subjects of a marketing survey

A61B2503/20

Workers

A61B2503/22

Motor vehicles operators, e.g. drivers, pilots, captains

A61B2503/24

Computer workstation operators

A61B2503/40

Animals

A61B2503/42

for laboratory research

A61B2505/00

Evaluating, monitoring or diagnosing in the context of a particular type of medical care

A61B2505/01

Emergency care

A61B2505/03

Intensive care

A61B2505/05

Surgical care

A61B2505/07

Home care

A61B2505/09

Rehabilitation or training

A61B2560/00

Constructional details of operational features of apparatus

Accessories for medical measuring apparatus

A61B2560/02

Operational features

A61B2560/0204

of power management

A61B2560/0209

adapted for power saving

A61B2560/0214

of power generation or supply

A61B2560/0219

of externally powered implanted units

A61B2560/0223

of calibration, e.g. protocols for calibrating sensors

A61B2560/0228

using calibration standards

A61B2560/0233

Optical standards

A61B2560/0238

Means for recording calibration data

A61B2560/0242

adapted to measure environmental factors, e.g. temperature, pollution

A61B2560/0247

for compensation or correction of the measured physiological value

A61B2560/0252

using ambient temperature

A61B2560/0257

using atmospheric pressure

A61B2560/0261

using hydrostatic pressure

A61B2560/0266

for monitoring or limiting apparatus function

A61B2560/0271

using a remote monitoring unit

A61B2560/0276

Determining malfunction

A61B2560/028

Arrangements to prevent overuse, e.g. by counting the number of uses

A61B2560/0285

Apparatus for single use

A61B2560/029

adapted for auto-initiation

A61B2560/0295

adapted for recording user messages or annotations

A61B2560/04

Constructional details of apparatus

A61B2560/0406

specially shaped apparatus housings

A61B2560/0412

Low-profile patch shaped housings

A61B2560/0418

Pen-shaped housings

A61B2560/0425

Ergonomically shaped housings A61B2560/0418 takes precedence

A61B2560/0431

Portable apparatus, e.g. comprising a handle or case

A61B2560/0437

Trolley or cart-type apparatus

A61B2560/0443

Modular apparatus

A61B2560/045

with a separable interface unit, e.g. for communication

A61B2560/0456

Apparatus provided with a docking unit

A61B2560/0462

Apparatus with built-in sensors

A61B2560/0468

Built-in electrodes

A61B2560/0475

Special features of memory means, e.g. removable memory cards

A61B2560/0481

in implanted apparatus

A61B2560/0487

Special user inputs or interfaces

A61B2560/0493

controlled by voice

A61B2560/06

Accessories for medical measuring apparatus

A61B2560/063

Devices specially adapted for delivering implantable medical measuring apparatus

A61B2560/066

catheters therefor

A61B2562/00

Details of sensors

Constructional details of sensor housings or probes

Accessories for sensors

A61B2562/02

Details of sensors specially adapted for in-vivo measurements

A61B2562/0204

Acoustic sensors

A61B2562/0209

Special features of electrodes classified in A61B5/24, A61B5/25, A61B5/283, A61B5/291, A61B5/296, A61B5/053

A61B2562/0214

Capacitive electrodes

A61B2562/0215

Silver or silver chloride containing

A61B2562/0217

Electrolyte containing

A61B2562/0219

Inertial sensors, e.g. accelerometers, gyroscopes, tilt switches

A61B2562/0223

Magnetic field sensors

A61B2562/0228

Microwave sensors

A61B2562/0233

Special features of optical sensors or probes classified in A61B5/00

A61B2562/0238

Optical sensor arrangements for performing transmission measurements on body tissue

A61B2562/0242

for varying or adjusting the optical path length in the tissue

A61B2562/0247

Pressure sensors

A61B2562/0252

Load cells

A61B2562/0257

Proximity sensors

A61B2562/0261

Strain gauges

A61B2562/0266

Optical strain gauges

A61B2562/0271

Thermal or temperature sensors

A61B2562/0276

comprising a thermosensitive compound

A61B2562/028

Microscale sensors, e.g. electromechanical sensors [MEMS]

A61B2562/0285

Nanoscale sensors

A61B2562/029

Humidity sensors

A61B2562/0295

Strip shaped analyte sensors for apparatus classified in A61B5/145 or A61B5/157 disposable multilayered or laminated electrodes G01N27/307; details of handling chemical test elements G01N33/4875

A61B2562/04

Arrangements of multiple sensors of the same type

A61B2562/043

in a linear array

A61B2562/046

in a matrix array

A61B2562/06

Arrangements of multiple sensors of different types

A61B2562/063

in a linear array

A61B2562/066

in a matrix array

A61B2562/08

Sensors provided with means for identification, e.g. barcodes or memory chips

A61B2562/085

combined with means for recording calibration data

A61B2562/12

Manufacturing methods specially adapted for producing sensors for in-vivo measurements

A61B2562/125

characterised by the manufacture of electrodes

A61B2562/14

Coupling media or elements to improve sensor contact with skin or tissue

A61B2562/143

for coupling microwaves

A61B2562/146

for optical coupling

A61B2562/16

Details of sensor housings or probes

Details of structural supports for sensors A61B2560/0462 takes precedence

A61B2562/162

Capsule shaped sensor housings, e.g. for swallowing or implantation

A61B2562/164

the sensor is mounted in or on a conformable substrate or carrier

A61B2562/166

the sensor is mounted on a specially adapted printed circuit board

A61B2562/168

Fluid filled sensor housings

A61B2562/17

Comprising radiolucent components

A61B2562/18

Shielding or protection of sensors from environmental influences, e.g. protection from mechanical damage

A61B2562/182

Electrical shielding, e.g. using a Faraday cage

A61B2562/185

Optical shielding, e.g. baffles

A61B2562/187

Strain relief means

A61B2562/22

Arrangements of medical sensors with cables or leads

Connectors or couplings specifically adapted for medical sensors

A61B2562/221

Arrangements of sensors with cables or leads, e.g. cable harnesses

A61B2562/222

Electrical cables or leads therefor, e.g. coaxial cables or ribbon cables

A61B2562/223

Optical cables therefor

A61B2562/224

Cables for conducting fluids therefor

A61B2562/225

Connectors or couplings

A61B2562/226

comprising means for identifying the connector, e.g. to prevent incorrect connection to socket

A61B2562/227

Sensors with electrical connectors

A61B2562/228

Sensors with optical connectors

A61B2562/24

Hygienic packaging for medical sensors

Maintaining apparatus for sensor hygiene

A61B2562/242

Packaging, i.e. for packaging the sensor or apparatus before use

A61B2562/245

Means for cleaning the sensor in-situ or during use, e.g. hygienic wipes

A61B2562/247

Hygienic covers, i.e. for covering the sensor or apparatus during use

A61B2576/00

Medical imaging apparatus involving image processing or analysis A61B1/00009, A61B6/52 and A61B8/52 take precedence; image processing per se G06T; details of algorithms for analysing medical images G06T7/0012

A61B2576/02

specially adapted for a particular organ or body part

A61B2576/023

for the heart

A61B2576/026

for the brain