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<class-scheme publication-date="2023-02-01" scheme-type="cpc" publication-type="official">
<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="5" additional-only="false" sort-key="F02G" definition-exists="true" date-revised="2021-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>F02G</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS </text><reference><text>steam engine plants, special vapour plants, plants operating on either hot gas or combustion-product gases together with other fluid <class-ref scheme="cpc">F01K</class-ref>; gas-turbine plants <class-ref scheme="cpc">F02C</class-ref>; jet-propulsion plants <class-ref scheme="cpc">F02K</class-ref></text></reference></title-part><title-part><text>USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES</text></title-part><title-part><text>NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR</text></title-part></class-title><notes-and-warnings date-revised="2013-01-01"><note type="note"><note-paragraph>Attention is drawn to the notes preceding class <class-ref scheme="cpc">F01</class-ref>.</note-paragraph></note></notes-and-warnings>
<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="true" level="6" additional-only="false" sort-key="F02G1/00" date-revised="2013-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>F02G1/00</classification-symbol>
<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="false" level="7" additional-only="false" sort-key="F02G1/00" definition-exists="true" ipc-concordant="F02G1/00" c-set-base-allowed="false" c-set-subsequent-allowed="true" date-revised="2021-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>F02G1/00</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2021-01-01"><title-part><text>Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants</text></title-part></class-title>
<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="false" level="8" additional-only="false" sort-key="F02G1/02" definition-exists="false" ipc-concordant="F02G1/02" c-set-base-allowed="false" c-set-subsequent-allowed="true" date-revised="2013-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>F02G1/02</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>of open-cycle type</text></title-part></class-title></classification-item>
<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="false" level="8" additional-only="false" sort-key="F02G1/04" definition-exists="false" ipc-concordant="F02G1/04" c-set-base-allowed="false" c-set-subsequent-allowed="true" date-revised="2013-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>F02G1/04</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>of closed-cycle type</text></title-part></class-title>
<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="false" level="9" additional-only="false" sort-key="F02G1/043" definition-exists="true" ipc-concordant="F02G1/043" c-set-base-allowed="false" c-set-subsequent-allowed="true" date-revised="2017-08-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>F02G1/043</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2017-08-01"><title-part><text>the engine being operated by expansion and contraction of a mass of working gas which is heated and cooled in one of a plurality of constantly communicating expansible chambers, e.g. Stirling cycle type engines</text></title-part></class-title>
<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="false" level="10" additional-only="false" sort-key="F02G1/0435" definition-exists="false" ipc-concordant="F02G1/043" c-set-base-allowed="false" c-set-subsequent-allowed="true" date-revised="2013-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>F02G1/0435</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><CPC-specific-text><text>the engine being of the free piston type</text></CPC-specific-text></title-part></class-title></classification-item>
<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="false" level="10" additional-only="false" sort-key="F02G1/044" definition-exists="true" ipc-concordant="F02G1/044" c-set-base-allowed="false" c-set-subsequent-allowed="true" date-revised="2013-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>F02G1/044</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>having at least two working members, e.g. pistons, delivering power output</text></title-part></class-title>
<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="false" level="11" additional-only="false" sort-key="F02G1/0445" definition-exists="false" ipc-concordant="F02G1/044" c-set-base-allowed="false" c-set-subsequent-allowed="true" date-revised="2013-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>F02G1/0445</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><CPC-specific-text><text>Engine plants with combined cycles, e.g. Vuilleumier</text></CPC-specific-text></title-part></class-title></classification-item></classification-item>
<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="false" level="10" additional-only="false" sort-key="F02G1/045" definition-exists="false" ipc-concordant="F02G1/045" c-set-base-allowed="false" c-set-subsequent-allowed="true" date-revised="2013-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>F02G1/045</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>Controlling</text></title-part></class-title>
<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="false" level="11" additional-only="false" sort-key="F02G1/047" definition-exists="false" ipc-concordant="F02G1/047" c-set-base-allowed="false" c-set-subsequent-allowed="true" date-revised="2013-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>F02G1/047</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>by varying the heating or cooling</text></title-part></class-title></classification-item>
<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="false" level="11" additional-only="false" sort-key="F02G1/05" definition-exists="false" ipc-concordant="F02G1/05" c-set-base-allowed="false" c-set-subsequent-allowed="true" date-revised="2013-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>F02G1/05</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>by varying the rate of flow or quantity of the working gas</text></title-part></class-title></classification-item></classification-item>
<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="false" level="10" additional-only="false" sort-key="F02G1/053" definition-exists="false" ipc-concordant="F02G1/053" c-set-base-allowed="false" c-set-subsequent-allowed="true" date-revised="2013-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>F02G1/053</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>Component parts or details</text></title-part></class-title>
<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="false" level="11" additional-only="false" sort-key="F02G1/0535" definition-exists="false" ipc-concordant="F02G1/053" c-set-base-allowed="false" c-set-subsequent-allowed="true" date-revised="2013-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>F02G1/0535</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><CPC-specific-text><text>Seals or sealing arrangements</text></CPC-specific-text></title-part></class-title></classification-item>
<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="false" level="11" additional-only="false" sort-key="F02G1/055" definition-exists="false" ipc-concordant="F02G1/055" c-set-base-allowed="false" c-set-subsequent-allowed="true" date-revised="2013-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>F02G1/055</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>Heaters or coolers</text></title-part></class-title></classification-item>
<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="false" level="11" additional-only="false" sort-key="F02G1/057" definition-exists="false" ipc-concordant="F02G1/057" c-set-base-allowed="false" c-set-subsequent-allowed="true" date-revised="2013-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>F02G1/057</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>Regenerators</text></title-part></class-title></classification-item></classification-item></classification-item></classification-item>
<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="false" level="8" additional-only="false" sort-key="F02G1/06" definition-exists="false" ipc-concordant="F02G1/06" c-set-base-allowed="false" c-set-subsequent-allowed="true" date-revised="2013-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>F02G1/06</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>Controlling</text></title-part></class-title></classification-item></classification-item>
<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="false" level="7" additional-only="false" sort-key="F02G3/00" definition-exists="true" ipc-concordant="F02G3/00" c-set-base-allowed="false" c-set-subsequent-allowed="true" date-revised="2021-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>F02G3/00</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2021-01-01"><title-part><text>Combustion-product positive-displacement engine plants</text></title-part></class-title>
<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="false" level="8" additional-only="false" sort-key="F02G3/02" definition-exists="false" ipc-concordant="F02G3/02" c-set-base-allowed="false" c-set-subsequent-allowed="true" date-revised="2013-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>F02G3/02</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>with reciprocating-piston engines</text></title-part></class-title></classification-item></classification-item>
<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="false" level="7" additional-only="false" sort-key="F02G5/00" definition-exists="true" ipc-concordant="F02G5/00" c-set-base-allowed="false" c-set-subsequent-allowed="true" date-revised="2013-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>F02G5/00</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>Profiting from waste heat of combustion engines, not otherwise provided for</text></title-part></class-title>
<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="false" level="8" additional-only="false" sort-key="F02G5/02" definition-exists="false" ipc-concordant="F02G5/02" c-set-base-allowed="false" c-set-subsequent-allowed="true" date-revised="2013-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>F02G5/02</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>Profiting from waste heat of exhaust gases</text></title-part></class-title>
<classification-item breakdown-code="false" not-allocatable="false" level="9" additional-only="false" sort-key="F02G5/04" definition-exists="false" ipc-concordant="F02G5/04" c-set-base-allowed="false" c-set-subsequent-allowed="true" date-revised="2013-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>F02G5/04</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>in combination with other waste heat from combustion engines</text></title-part></class-title></classification-item></classification-item></classification-item></classification-item>
<classification-item breakdown-code="true" not-allocatable="true" level="6" additional-only="true" sort-key="F02G242/00" date-revised="2013-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>F02G2242/00</classification-symbol>
<classification-item breakdown-code="true" not-allocatable="false" level="7" additional-only="true" sort-key="F02G242/00" definition-exists="false" ipc-concordant="CPCONLY" c-set-base-allowed="false" c-set-subsequent-allowed="true" date-revised="2013-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>F02G2242/00</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>Ericsson-type engines having open regenerative cycles controlled by valves</text></title-part></class-title>
<classification-item breakdown-code="true" not-allocatable="false" level="8" additional-only="true" sort-key="F02G242/02" definition-exists="false" ipc-concordant="CPCONLY" c-set-base-allowed="false" c-set-subsequent-allowed="true" date-revised="2013-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>F02G2242/02</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>Displacer-type engines</text></title-part></class-title>
<classification-item breakdown-code="true" not-allocatable="false" level="9" additional-only="true" sort-key="F02G242/04" definition-exists="false" ipc-concordant="CPCONLY" c-set-base-allowed="false" c-set-subsequent-allowed="true" date-revised="2013-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>F02G2242/04</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>having constant working volume</text></title-part></class-title>
<classification-item breakdown-code="true" not-allocatable="false" level="10" additional-only="true" sort-key="F02G242/06" definition-exists="false" ipc-concordant="CPCONLY" c-set-base-allowed="false" c-set-subsequent-allowed="true" date-revised="2013-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>F02G2242/06</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>with external drive displacers</text></title-part></class-title>
<classification-item breakdown-code="true" not-allocatable="false" level="11" additional-only="true" sort-key="F02G242/08" definition-exists="false" ipc-concordant="CPCONLY" c-set-base-allowed="false" c-set-subsequent-allowed="true" date-revised="2013-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>F02G2242/08</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>having gas actuated valves, e.g. &quot;Bush engines&quot;</text></title-part></class-title></classification-item>
<classification-item breakdown-code="true" not-allocatable="false" level="11" additional-only="true" sort-key="F02G242/10" definition-exists="false" ipc-concordant="CPCONLY" c-set-base-allowed="false" c-set-subsequent-allowed="true" date-revised="2013-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>F02G2242/10</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>having mechanically actuated valves, e.g. &quot;Gifford&quot; or &quot;McMahon engines&quot;</text></title-part></class-title></classification-item></classification-item></classification-item>
<classification-item breakdown-code="true" not-allocatable="false" level="9" additional-only="true" sort-key="F02G242/30" definition-exists="false" ipc-concordant="CPCONLY" c-set-base-allowed="false" c-set-subsequent-allowed="true" date-revised="2013-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>F02G2242/30</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>having variable working volume</text></title-part></class-title>
<classification-item breakdown-code="true" not-allocatable="false" level="10" additional-only="true" sort-key="F02G242/32" definition-exists="false" ipc-concordant="CPCONLY" c-set-base-allowed="false" c-set-subsequent-allowed="true" date-revised="2013-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>F02G2242/32</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>Regenerative displacers with independent pistons</text></title-part></class-title></classification-item></classification-item></classification-item>
<classification-item breakdown-code="true" not-allocatable="false" level="8" additional-only="true" sort-key="F02G242/40" definition-exists="false" ipc-concordant="CPCONLY" c-set-base-allowed="false" c-set-subsequent-allowed="true" date-revised="2013-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>F02G2242/40</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>Piston-type engines</text></title-part></class-title>
<classification-item breakdown-code="true" not-allocatable="false" level="9" additional-only="true" sort-key="F02G242/42" definition-exists="false" ipc-concordant="CPCONLY" c-set-base-allowed="false" c-set-subsequent-allowed="true" date-revised="2013-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>F02G2242/42</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>having a single piston regenerative displacer attached to the piston, e.g. &quot;Gifford-McMahon&quot; engines</text></title-part></class-title></classification-item>
<classification-item breakdown-code="true" not-allocatable="false" level="9" additional-only="true" sort-key="F02G242/44" definition-exists="false" ipc-concordant="CPCONLY" c-set-base-allowed="false" c-set-subsequent-allowed="true" date-revised="2013-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>F02G2242/44</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>having two pistons and reverse flow regenerators</text></title-part></class-title></classification-item></classification-item></classification-item>
<classification-item breakdown-code="true" not-allocatable="false" level="7" additional-only="true" sort-key="F02G243/00" definition-exists="false" ipc-concordant="CPCONLY" c-set-base-allowed="false" c-set-subsequent-allowed="true" date-revised="2013-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>F02G2243/00</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>Stirling type engines having closed regenerative thermodynamic cycles with flow controlled by volume changes</text></title-part></class-title>
<classification-item breakdown-code="true" not-allocatable="false" level="8" additional-only="true" sort-key="F02G243/02" definition-exists="false" ipc-concordant="CPCONLY" c-set-base-allowed="false" c-set-subsequent-allowed="true" date-revised="2013-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>F02G2243/02</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>having pistons and displacers in the same cylinder</text></title-part></class-title>
<classification-item breakdown-code="true" not-allocatable="false" level="9" additional-only="true" sort-key="F02G243/04" definition-exists="false" ipc-concordant="CPCONLY" c-set-base-allowed="false" c-set-subsequent-allowed="true" date-revised="2013-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>F02G2243/04</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>Crank-connecting-rod drives</text></title-part></class-title>
<classification-item breakdown-code="true" not-allocatable="false" level="10" additional-only="true" sort-key="F02G243/06" definition-exists="false" ipc-concordant="CPCONLY" c-set-base-allowed="false" c-set-subsequent-allowed="true" date-revised="2013-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>F02G2243/06</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>Regenerative displacers</text></title-part></class-title></classification-item>
<classification-item breakdown-code="true" not-allocatable="false" level="10" additional-only="true" sort-key="F02G243/08" definition-exists="false" ipc-concordant="CPCONLY" c-set-base-allowed="false" c-set-subsequent-allowed="true" date-revised="2013-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>F02G2243/08</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>External regenerators, e.g. &quot;Rankine Napier&quot; engines</text></title-part></class-title></classification-item></classification-item>
<classification-item breakdown-code="true" not-allocatable="false" level="9" additional-only="true" sort-key="F02G243/20" definition-exists="false" ipc-concordant="CPCONLY" c-set-base-allowed="false" c-set-subsequent-allowed="true" date-revised="2013-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>F02G2243/20</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>each having a single free piston, e.g. &quot;Beale engines&quot;</text></title-part></class-title>
<classification-item breakdown-code="true" not-allocatable="false" level="10" additional-only="true" sort-key="F02G243/202" definition-exists="false" ipc-concordant="CPCONLY" c-set-base-allowed="false" c-set-subsequent-allowed="true" date-revised="2013-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>F02G2243/202</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>resonant</text></title-part></class-title></classification-item>
<classification-item breakdown-code="true" not-allocatable="false" level="10" additional-only="true" sort-key="F02G243/204" definition-exists="false" ipc-concordant="CPCONLY" c-set-base-allowed="false" c-set-subsequent-allowed="true" date-revised="2013-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>F02G2243/204</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>non-resonant</text></title-part></class-title></classification-item>
<classification-item breakdown-code="true" not-allocatable="false" level="10" additional-only="true" sort-key="F02G243/206" definition-exists="false" ipc-concordant="CPCONLY" c-set-base-allowed="false" c-set-subsequent-allowed="true" date-revised="2013-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>F02G2243/206</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>externally excited</text></title-part></class-title></classification-item></classification-item>
<classification-item breakdown-code="true" not-allocatable="false" level="9" additional-only="true" sort-key="F02G243/22" definition-exists="false" ipc-concordant="CPCONLY" c-set-base-allowed="false" c-set-subsequent-allowed="true" date-revised="2013-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>F02G2243/22</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>with oscillating cylinders</text></title-part></class-title></classification-item>
<classification-item breakdown-code="true" not-allocatable="false" level="9" additional-only="true" sort-key="F02G243/24" definition-exists="false" ipc-concordant="CPCONLY" c-set-base-allowed="false" c-set-subsequent-allowed="true" date-revised="2013-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>F02G2243/24</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>with free displacers</text></title-part></class-title></classification-item></classification-item>
<classification-item breakdown-code="true" not-allocatable="false" level="8" additional-only="true" sort-key="F02G243/30" definition-exists="false" ipc-concordant="CPCONLY" c-set-base-allowed="false" c-set-subsequent-allowed="true" date-revised="2013-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>F02G2243/30</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>having their pistons and displacers each in separate cylinders </text><reference><text>two-piston machines <class-ref scheme="cpc">F02G2244/00</class-ref></text></reference></title-part></class-title>
<classification-item breakdown-code="true" not-allocatable="false" level="9" additional-only="true" sort-key="F02G243/32" definition-exists="false" ipc-concordant="CPCONLY" c-set-base-allowed="false" c-set-subsequent-allowed="true" date-revised="2013-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>F02G2243/32</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>Regenerative displacers having parallel cylinder, e.g. &quot;Lauberau&quot; or &quot;Schwartzkopff&quot; engines</text></title-part></class-title></classification-item>
<classification-item breakdown-code="true" not-allocatable="false" level="9" additional-only="true" sort-key="F02G243/34" definition-exists="false" ipc-concordant="CPCONLY" c-set-base-allowed="false" c-set-subsequent-allowed="true" date-revised="2013-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>F02G2243/34</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>Regenerative displacers having their cylinders at right angle, e.g. &quot;Robinson&quot; engines</text></title-part></class-title></classification-item>
<classification-item breakdown-code="true" not-allocatable="false" level="9" additional-only="true" sort-key="F02G243/36" definition-exists="false" ipc-concordant="CPCONLY" c-set-base-allowed="false" c-set-subsequent-allowed="true" date-revised="2013-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>F02G2243/36</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>with twin-expansion cylinders, e.g. &quot;Rainbow&quot; engines</text></title-part></class-title></classification-item>
<classification-item breakdown-code="true" not-allocatable="false" level="9" additional-only="true" sort-key="F02G243/38" definition-exists="false" ipc-concordant="CPCONLY" c-set-base-allowed="false" c-set-subsequent-allowed="true" date-revised="2013-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>F02G2243/38</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>External regenerators having parallel cylinders, e.g. &quot;Heinrici&quot; engines</text></title-part></class-title></classification-item>
<classification-item breakdown-code="true" not-allocatable="false" level="9" additional-only="true" sort-key="F02G243/40" definition-exists="false" ipc-concordant="CPCONLY" c-set-base-allowed="false" c-set-subsequent-allowed="true" date-revised="2013-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>F02G2243/40</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>with free displacers</text></title-part></class-title></classification-item>
<classification-item breakdown-code="true" not-allocatable="false" level="9" additional-only="true" sort-key="F02G243/50" definition-exists="false" ipc-concordant="CPCONLY" c-set-base-allowed="false" c-set-subsequent-allowed="true" date-revised="2013-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>F02G2243/50</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>having resonance tubes</text></title-part></class-title>
<classification-item breakdown-code="true" not-allocatable="false" level="10" additional-only="true" sort-key="F02G243/52" definition-exists="false" ipc-concordant="CPCONLY" c-set-base-allowed="false" c-set-subsequent-allowed="true" date-revised="2013-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>F02G2243/52</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>acoustic</text></title-part></class-title></classification-item>
<classification-item breakdown-code="true" not-allocatable="false" level="10" additional-only="true" sort-key="F02G243/54" definition-exists="false" ipc-concordant="CPCONLY" c-set-base-allowed="false" c-set-subsequent-allowed="true" date-revised="2013-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>F02G2243/54</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>thermo-acoustic</text></title-part></class-title></classification-item></classification-item></classification-item></classification-item>
<classification-item breakdown-code="true" not-allocatable="false" level="7" additional-only="true" sort-key="F02G244/00" definition-exists="false" ipc-concordant="CPCONLY" c-set-base-allowed="false" c-set-subsequent-allowed="true" date-revised="2013-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>F02G2244/00</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>Machines having two pistons</text></title-part></class-title>
<classification-item breakdown-code="true" not-allocatable="false" level="8" additional-only="true" sort-key="F02G244/02" definition-exists="false" ipc-concordant="CPCONLY" c-set-base-allowed="false" c-set-subsequent-allowed="true" date-revised="2013-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>F02G2244/02</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>Single-acting two piston engines</text></title-part></class-title>
<classification-item breakdown-code="true" not-allocatable="false" level="9" additional-only="true" sort-key="F02G244/04" definition-exists="false" ipc-concordant="CPCONLY" c-set-base-allowed="false" c-set-subsequent-allowed="true" date-revised="2013-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>F02G2244/04</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>of rotary cylinder type, e.g. &quot;Finkelstein&quot; engines</text></title-part></class-title></classification-item>
<classification-item breakdown-code="true" not-allocatable="false" level="9" additional-only="true" sort-key="F02G244/06" definition-exists="false" ipc-concordant="CPCONLY" c-set-base-allowed="false" c-set-subsequent-allowed="true" date-revised="2013-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>F02G2244/06</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>of stationary cylinder type</text></title-part></class-title>
<classification-item breakdown-code="true" not-allocatable="false" level="10" additional-only="true" sort-key="F02G244/08" definition-exists="false" ipc-concordant="CPCONLY" c-set-base-allowed="false" c-set-subsequent-allowed="true" date-revised="2013-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>F02G2244/08</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>having parallel cylinder, e.g. &quot;Rider&quot; engines</text></title-part></class-title></classification-item>
<classification-item breakdown-code="true" not-allocatable="false" level="10" additional-only="true" sort-key="F02G244/10" definition-exists="false" ipc-concordant="CPCONLY" c-set-base-allowed="false" c-set-subsequent-allowed="true" date-revised="2013-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>F02G2244/10</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>having cylinders in V-arrangement</text></title-part></class-title></classification-item>
<classification-item breakdown-code="true" not-allocatable="false" level="10" additional-only="true" sort-key="F02G244/12" definition-exists="false" ipc-concordant="CPCONLY" c-set-base-allowed="false" c-set-subsequent-allowed="true" date-revised="2013-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>F02G2244/12</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>having opposed pistons</text></title-part></class-title></classification-item></classification-item></classification-item>
<classification-item breakdown-code="true" not-allocatable="false" level="8" additional-only="true" sort-key="F02G244/50" definition-exists="false" ipc-concordant="CPCONLY" c-set-base-allowed="false" c-set-subsequent-allowed="true" date-revised="2013-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>F02G2244/50</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>Double acting piston machines</text></title-part></class-title>
<classification-item breakdown-code="true" not-allocatable="false" level="9" additional-only="true" sort-key="F02G244/52" definition-exists="false" ipc-concordant="CPCONLY" c-set-base-allowed="false" c-set-subsequent-allowed="true" date-revised="2013-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>F02G2244/52</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>having interconnecting adjacent cylinders constituting a single system, e.g. &quot;Rinia&quot; engines</text></title-part></class-title></classification-item>
<classification-item breakdown-code="true" not-allocatable="false" level="9" additional-only="true" sort-key="F02G244/54" definition-exists="false" ipc-concordant="CPCONLY" c-set-base-allowed="false" c-set-subsequent-allowed="true" date-revised="2013-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>F02G2244/54</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>having two-cylinder twin systems, with compression in one cylinder and expansion in the other cylinder for each of the twin systems, e.g. &quot;Finkelstein&quot; engines</text></title-part></class-title></classification-item></classification-item></classification-item>
<classification-item breakdown-code="true" not-allocatable="false" level="7" additional-only="true" sort-key="F02G250/00" definition-exists="false" ipc-concordant="CPCONLY" c-set-base-allowed="false" c-set-subsequent-allowed="true" date-revised="2013-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>F02G2250/00</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>Special cycles or special engines</text></title-part></class-title>
<classification-item breakdown-code="true" not-allocatable="false" level="8" additional-only="true" sort-key="F02G250/03" definition-exists="false" ipc-concordant="CPCONLY" c-set-base-allowed="false" c-set-subsequent-allowed="true" date-revised="2013-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>F02G2250/03</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>Brayton cycles</text></title-part></class-title></classification-item>
<classification-item breakdown-code="true" not-allocatable="false" level="8" additional-only="true" sort-key="F02G250/06" definition-exists="false" ipc-concordant="CPCONLY" c-set-base-allowed="false" c-set-subsequent-allowed="true" date-revised="2013-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>F02G2250/06</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>Beau de Rochas constant volume cycles</text></title-part></class-title></classification-item>
<classification-item breakdown-code="true" not-allocatable="false" level="8" additional-only="true" sort-key="F02G250/09" definition-exists="false" ipc-concordant="CPCONLY" c-set-base-allowed="false" c-set-subsequent-allowed="true" date-revised="2013-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>F02G2250/09</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>Carnot cycles in general</text></title-part></class-title></classification-item>
<classification-item breakdown-code="true" not-allocatable="false" level="8" additional-only="true" sort-key="F02G250/12" definition-exists="false" ipc-concordant="CPCONLY" c-set-base-allowed="false" c-set-subsequent-allowed="true" date-revised="2013-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>F02G2250/12</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>Malone liquid thermal cycles</text></title-part></class-title></classification-item>
<classification-item breakdown-code="true" not-allocatable="false" level="8" additional-only="true" sort-key="F02G250/15" definition-exists="false" ipc-concordant="CPCONLY" c-set-base-allowed="false" c-set-subsequent-allowed="true" date-revised="2013-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>F02G2250/15</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>Sabathe mixed air cycles</text></title-part></class-title></classification-item>
<classification-item breakdown-code="true" not-allocatable="false" level="8" additional-only="true" sort-key="F02G250/18" definition-exists="false" ipc-concordant="CPCONLY" c-set-base-allowed="false" c-set-subsequent-allowed="true" date-revised="2013-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>F02G2250/18</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>Vuilleumier cycles</text></title-part></class-title></classification-item>
<classification-item breakdown-code="true" not-allocatable="false" level="8" additional-only="true" sort-key="F02G250/21" definition-exists="false" ipc-concordant="CPCONLY" c-set-base-allowed="false" c-set-subsequent-allowed="true" date-revised="2013-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>F02G2250/21</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>Cooke Yarborough engines</text></title-part></class-title></classification-item>
<classification-item breakdown-code="true" not-allocatable="false" level="8" additional-only="true" sort-key="F02G250/24" definition-exists="false" ipc-concordant="CPCONLY" c-set-base-allowed="false" c-set-subsequent-allowed="true" date-revised="2013-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>F02G2250/24</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>Ringbom engines, the displacement of the free displacer being obtained by expansion of the heated gas and the weight of the piston</text></title-part></class-title></classification-item>
<classification-item breakdown-code="true" not-allocatable="false" level="8" additional-only="true" sort-key="F02G250/27" definition-exists="false" ipc-concordant="CPCONLY" c-set-base-allowed="false" c-set-subsequent-allowed="true" date-revised="2013-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>F02G2250/27</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>Martini Stirling engines</text></title-part></class-title></classification-item>
<classification-item breakdown-code="true" not-allocatable="false" level="8" additional-only="true" sort-key="F02G250/31" definition-exists="false" ipc-concordant="CPCONLY" c-set-base-allowed="false" c-set-subsequent-allowed="true" date-revised="2017-08-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>F02G2250/31</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2017-08-01"><title-part><text>Nano- or microengines</text></title-part></class-title></classification-item></classification-item>
<classification-item breakdown-code="true" not-allocatable="false" level="7" additional-only="true" sort-key="F02G253/00" definition-exists="false" ipc-concordant="CPCONLY" c-set-base-allowed="false" c-set-subsequent-allowed="true" date-revised="2013-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>F02G2253/00</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>Seals</text></title-part></class-title>
<classification-item breakdown-code="true" not-allocatable="false" level="8" additional-only="true" sort-key="F02G253/01" definition-exists="false" ipc-concordant="CPCONLY" c-set-base-allowed="false" c-set-subsequent-allowed="true" date-revised="2013-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>F02G2253/01</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>Rotary piston seals</text></title-part></class-title></classification-item>
<classification-item breakdown-code="true" not-allocatable="false" level="8" additional-only="true" sort-key="F02G253/02" definition-exists="false" ipc-concordant="CPCONLY" c-set-base-allowed="false" c-set-subsequent-allowed="true" date-revised="2013-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>F02G2253/02</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>Reciprocating piston seals</text></title-part></class-title></classification-item>
<classification-item breakdown-code="true" not-allocatable="false" level="8" additional-only="true" sort-key="F02G253/03" definition-exists="false" ipc-concordant="CPCONLY" c-set-base-allowed="false" c-set-subsequent-allowed="true" date-revised="2013-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>F02G2253/03</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>Stem seals</text></title-part></class-title></classification-item>
<classification-item breakdown-code="true" not-allocatable="false" level="8" additional-only="true" sort-key="F02G253/04" definition-exists="false" ipc-concordant="CPCONLY" c-set-base-allowed="false" c-set-subsequent-allowed="true" date-revised="2013-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>F02G2253/04</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>Displacer seals</text></title-part></class-title></classification-item>
<classification-item breakdown-code="true" not-allocatable="false" level="8" additional-only="true" sort-key="F02G253/06" definition-exists="false" ipc-concordant="CPCONLY" c-set-base-allowed="false" c-set-subsequent-allowed="true" date-revised="2013-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>F02G2253/06</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>Bellow seals</text></title-part></class-title></classification-item>
<classification-item breakdown-code="true" not-allocatable="false" level="8" additional-only="true" sort-key="F02G253/08" definition-exists="false" ipc-concordant="CPCONLY" c-set-base-allowed="false" c-set-subsequent-allowed="true" date-revised="2013-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>F02G2253/08</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>Stem with rolling membranes</text></title-part></class-title></classification-item>
<classification-item breakdown-code="true" not-allocatable="false" level="8" additional-only="true" sort-key="F02G253/10" definition-exists="false" ipc-concordant="CPCONLY" c-set-base-allowed="false" c-set-subsequent-allowed="true" date-revised="2013-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>F02G2253/10</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>Piston with rolling membranes</text></title-part></class-title></classification-item>
<classification-item breakdown-code="true" not-allocatable="false" level="8" additional-only="true" sort-key="F02G253/50" definition-exists="false" ipc-concordant="CPCONLY" c-set-base-allowed="false" c-set-subsequent-allowed="true" date-revised="2013-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>F02G2253/50</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>Liquid seals</text></title-part></class-title></classification-item>
<classification-item breakdown-code="true" not-allocatable="false" level="8" additional-only="true" sort-key="F02G253/60" definition-exists="false" ipc-concordant="CPCONLY" c-set-base-allowed="false" c-set-subsequent-allowed="true" date-revised="2013-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>F02G2253/60</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>Sealing of the lubrication circuit</text></title-part></class-title></classification-item>
<classification-item breakdown-code="true" not-allocatable="false" level="8" additional-only="true" sort-key="F02G253/80" definition-exists="false" ipc-concordant="CPCONLY" c-set-base-allowed="false" c-set-subsequent-allowed="true" date-revised="2013-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>F02G2253/80</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>Sealing of the crankcase</text></title-part></class-title></classification-item></classification-item>
<classification-item breakdown-code="true" not-allocatable="false" level="7" additional-only="true" sort-key="F02G254/00" definition-exists="false" ipc-concordant="CPCONLY" c-set-base-allowed="false" c-set-subsequent-allowed="true" date-revised="2013-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>F02G2254/00</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>Heat inputs</text></title-part></class-title>
<classification-item breakdown-code="true" not-allocatable="false" level="8" additional-only="true" sort-key="F02G254/05" definition-exists="false" ipc-concordant="CPCONLY" c-set-base-allowed="false" c-set-subsequent-allowed="true" date-revised="2013-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>F02G2254/05</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>by air</text></title-part></class-title></classification-item>
<classification-item breakdown-code="true" not-allocatable="false" level="8" additional-only="true" sort-key="F02G254/10" definition-exists="false" ipc-concordant="CPCONLY" c-set-base-allowed="false" c-set-subsequent-allowed="true" date-revised="2013-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>F02G2254/10</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>by burners</text></title-part></class-title>
<classification-item breakdown-code="true" not-allocatable="false" level="9" additional-only="true" sort-key="F02G254/11" definition-exists="false" ipc-concordant="CPCONLY" c-set-base-allowed="false" c-set-subsequent-allowed="true" date-revised="2013-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>F02G2254/11</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>Catalytic burners</text></title-part></class-title></classification-item></classification-item>
<classification-item breakdown-code="true" not-allocatable="false" level="8" additional-only="true" sort-key="F02G254/12" definition-exists="false" ipc-concordant="CPCONLY" c-set-base-allowed="false" c-set-subsequent-allowed="true" date-revised="2013-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>F02G2254/12</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>by ejectors</text></title-part></class-title></classification-item>
<classification-item breakdown-code="true" not-allocatable="false" level="8" additional-only="true" sort-key="F02G254/15" definition-exists="false" ipc-concordant="CPCONLY" c-set-base-allowed="false" c-set-subsequent-allowed="true" date-revised="2013-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>F02G2254/15</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>by exhaust gas</text></title-part></class-title></classification-item>
<classification-item breakdown-code="true" not-allocatable="false" level="8" additional-only="true" sort-key="F02G254/18" definition-exists="false" ipc-concordant="CPCONLY" c-set-base-allowed="false" c-set-subsequent-allowed="true" date-revised="2013-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>F02G2254/18</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>using deflectors, e.g. spirals</text></title-part></class-title></classification-item>
<classification-item breakdown-code="true" not-allocatable="false" level="8" additional-only="true" sort-key="F02G254/20" definition-exists="false" ipc-concordant="CPCONLY" c-set-base-allowed="false" c-set-subsequent-allowed="true" date-revised="2013-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>F02G2254/20</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>using heat transfer tubes</text></title-part></class-title></classification-item>
<classification-item breakdown-code="true" not-allocatable="false" level="8" additional-only="true" sort-key="F02G254/30" definition-exists="false" ipc-concordant="CPCONLY" c-set-base-allowed="false" c-set-subsequent-allowed="true" date-revised="2013-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>F02G2254/30</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>using solar radiation</text></title-part></class-title></classification-item>
<classification-item breakdown-code="true" not-allocatable="false" level="8" additional-only="true" sort-key="F02G254/40" definition-exists="false" ipc-concordant="CPCONLY" c-set-base-allowed="false" c-set-subsequent-allowed="true" date-revised="2013-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>F02G2254/40</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>using heat accumulators</text></title-part></class-title></classification-item>
<classification-item breakdown-code="true" not-allocatable="false" level="8" additional-only="true" sort-key="F02G254/45" definition-exists="false" ipc-concordant="CPCONLY" c-set-base-allowed="false" c-set-subsequent-allowed="true" date-revised="2013-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>F02G2254/45</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>by electric heating</text></title-part></class-title></classification-item>
<classification-item breakdown-code="true" not-allocatable="false" level="8" additional-only="true" sort-key="F02G254/50" definition-exists="false" ipc-concordant="CPCONLY" c-set-base-allowed="false" c-set-subsequent-allowed="true" date-revised="2013-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>F02G2254/50</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>Dome arrangements for heat input</text></title-part></class-title></classification-item>
<classification-item breakdown-code="true" not-allocatable="false" level="8" additional-only="true" sort-key="F02G254/60" definition-exists="false" ipc-concordant="CPCONLY" c-set-base-allowed="false" c-set-subsequent-allowed="true" date-revised="2013-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>F02G2254/60</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>using air preheaters</text></title-part></class-title></classification-item>
<classification-item breakdown-code="true" not-allocatable="false" level="8" additional-only="true" sort-key="F02G254/70" definition-exists="false" ipc-concordant="CPCONLY" c-set-base-allowed="false" c-set-subsequent-allowed="true" date-revised="2013-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>F02G2254/70</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>by catalytic conversion, i.e. flameless oxydation</text></title-part></class-title></classification-item>
<classification-item breakdown-code="true" not-allocatable="false" level="8" additional-only="true" sort-key="F02G254/90" definition-exists="false" ipc-concordant="CPCONLY" c-set-base-allowed="false" c-set-subsequent-allowed="true" date-revised="2013-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>F02G2254/90</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>by radioactivity</text></title-part></class-title></classification-item></classification-item>
<classification-item breakdown-code="true" not-allocatable="false" level="7" additional-only="true" sort-key="F02G255/00" definition-exists="false" ipc-concordant="CPCONLY" c-set-base-allowed="false" c-set-subsequent-allowed="true" date-revised="2013-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>F02G2255/00</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>Heater tubes</text></title-part></class-title>
<classification-item breakdown-code="true" not-allocatable="false" level="8" additional-only="true" sort-key="F02G255/10" definition-exists="false" ipc-concordant="CPCONLY" c-set-base-allowed="false" c-set-subsequent-allowed="true" date-revised="2013-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>F02G2255/10</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>dome shaped</text></title-part></class-title></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="true" not-allocatable="false" level="8" additional-only="true" sort-key="F02G270/80" definition-exists="false" ipc-concordant="CPCONLY" c-set-base-allowed="false" c-set-subsequent-allowed="true" date-revised="2013-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>F02G2270/80</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>Engines without crankshafts</text></title-part></class-title></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="true" not-allocatable="false" level="8" additional-only="true" sort-key="F02G275/10" definition-exists="false" ipc-concordant="CPCONLY" c-set-base-allowed="false" c-set-subsequent-allowed="true" date-revised="2013-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>F02G2275/10</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>for vibration reduction</text></title-part></class-title></classification-item>
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<classification-item breakdown-code="true" not-allocatable="false" level="8" additional-only="true" sort-key="F02G275/40" definition-exists="false" ipc-concordant="CPCONLY" c-set-base-allowed="false" c-set-subsequent-allowed="true" date-revised="2013-01-01" status="published"><classification-symbol>F02G2275/40</classification-symbol><class-title date-revised="2013-01-01"><title-part><text>for starting</text></title-part></class-title></classification-item></classification-item>
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